Englisch Passiv: Was mit Dingen geschieht (Präsens Passiv)
klarer und manchmal auch formeller.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
The passive voice shifts the focus from 'who did it' to 'what happened' to the object.
- Use 'am/is/are' + the past participle (V3) of the main verb. Example: 'The mail is delivered.'
- The object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence. Example: 'I eat apples' becomes 'Apples are eaten.'
- Use 'by' only if the person doing the action is actually important. Example: 'The book is written by J.K. Rowling.'
Overview
Present Simple Passive ins Spiel.Our team analyzes the data daily (Unser Team analysiert die Daten täglich), rückt im Passiv das Objekt in den Mittelpunkt: The data is analyzed daily (Die Daten werden täglich analysiert).Tea is drunk here).The chef (S) prepares (V) the meal (O).The meal (S) is prepared (V).to be (am/is/are) plus das Past Participle (die 3. Verbform).to sleep (schlafen) oder to arrive (ankommen) haben kein Objekt. Du kannst im Deutschen nicht sagen „Es wird geschlafen“ und dies eins zu eins ins Englische übersetzen.It is slept existieren im Englischen nicht. Das Passiv braucht immer etwas oder jemanden, mit dem etwas „passiert“.Present Simple Passive folgt einer sehr logischen mathematischen Formel. Wenn du diese einmal verinnerlicht hast, kannst du sie auf fast jedes Verb anwenden.New Subject + am/is/are + Past Participle (V3)- 1Das neue Subjekt: Das ist das Ding oder die Person, mit der etwas geschieht.
- 2Das Hilfsverb
be: Du musstam,isoderarewählen, je nachdem, ob dein neues Subjekt Singular oder Plural ist. - 3Das Past Participle: Bei regelmäßigen Verben hängst du einfach
-edan (z. B.cleaned,played). Bei unregelmäßigen Verben ist es die berühmte „dritte Spalte“ deiner Verbliste (z. B.written,seen,taken).
I | am | informed | I am informed. | Ich werde informiert. |You | are | asked | You are asked to wait. | Du wirst gebeten zu warten. |He/She/It | is | made | It is made in Germany. | Es wird in Deutschland hergestellt. |We | are | paid | We are paid monthly. | Wir werden monatlich bezahlt. |They | are | sent | They are sent by mail. | Sie werden per Post verschickt. |not nach dem Hilfsverb ein:The office is not (isn't) cleaned on Sundays.The letters are not (aren't) signed yet.
Is the coffee included in the price?Are the documents stored safely?
by:The report is written by the manager.(Der Bericht wird vom Manager geschrieben.)
- 1Der Verursacher ist unbekannt:
The windows are cleaned every night.(Die Fenster werden jede Nacht geputzt.)
- 1Der Verursacher ist unwichtig oder offensichtlich:
The shelves are restocked every morning.(Die Regale werden jeden Morgen aufgefüllt.)
- 1Fokus auf den Prozess oder das Produkt:
The raw material is heated to 200 degrees.(Das Rohmaterial wird auf 200 Grad erhitzt.)Then, the parts are assembled.(Dann werden die Teile zusammengebaut.)
- 1Allgemeine Regeln und Fakten:
English is spoken all over the world.(Englisch wird auf der ganzen Welt gesprochen.)Football is played in almost every country.(Fußball wird in fast jedem Land gespielt.)
- 1Höflichkeit und Diplomatie:
You didn't pay the invoice (Du hast die Rechnung nicht bezahlt), klingt das sehr direkt und fast schon aggressiv.- Besser:
The invoice is not paid yet.(Die Rechnung ist noch nicht bezahlt.)
- 1Die „Become-Falle“:
The house becomes built.- Merke:
To becomeheißt auf Deutsch „werden“ im Sinne von „zu etwas werden“ (z. B.I want to become a doctor). Für das Passiv musst du immerto benutzen. - Richtig:
The house is built.
- 1Das fehlende Hilfsverb:
am/is/are und nutzen nur das Partizip.- Falsch:
The email sent every day. - Richtig:
The email is sent every day.
- 1Die falsche Verbform (V2 statt V3):
- Falsch:
The cake is ate. - Richtig:
The cake is eaten.
- 1Intransitive Verben im Passiv:
- Falsch:
It is laughed. - Lösung: Im Englischen musst du hier ein Subjekt finden und den Aktiv-Satz nutzen:
People laughoderEveryone is laughing.
Present Simple wirklich zu verstehen, hilft ein direkter Vergleich. Sieh dir an, wie sich die Bedeutung und der Fokus verändern:The postman delivers the mail. | The mail is delivered. | Im Passiv ist der Postbote egal, es geht um die Post. |We store the files on a server. | The files are stored on a server. | Die IT-Infrastruktur steht im Vordergrund. |Do they make these cars in Japan? | Are these cars made in Japan? | Die Herkunft der Autos ist die Kernfrage. |People don't use this room. | This room is not used. | Der Zustand des Zimmers wird beschrieben. |Present Simple Passive (The door is closed), wobei der Kontext klärt, ob es eine regelmäßige Handlung oder ein aktueller Zustand ist.I'm cooking dinner). Im Büro oder bei einer Präsentation ist das Passiv hingegen dein bester Freund.-ed an. Das funktioniert oft, aber die wichtigsten unregelmäßigen Verben (made, seen, written, broken, taken) solltest du für das B1-Level auswendig können. Sie sind die Basis für ein korrektes Passiv.It is said that...?It is said that... oder It is believed that... sehr professionell und objektiv.2. Negative Contractions
| Full Form | Short Form |
|---|---|
|
is not
|
isn't
|
|
are not
|
aren't
|
|
am not
|
(no contraction)
|
Present Simple Passive Formation
| Subject | To Be | Past Participle (V3) | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
|
I
|
am
|
invited
|
I am invited to the party.
|
|
You / We / They
|
are
|
invited
|
They are invited to the party.
|
|
He / She / It
|
is
|
invited
|
It is invited to the party.
|
|
Singular Noun (The car)
|
is
|
washed
|
The car is washed.
|
|
Plural Noun (The cars)
|
are
|
washed
|
The cars are washed.
|
Meanings
A grammatical construction where the subject of the sentence is the person or thing that receives the action, rather than the one performing it.
General Facts & Processes
Used to describe how things are made, where they come from, or general truths where the 'doer' is obvious or irrelevant.
“Paper is made from wood.”
“The museum is visited by thousands of people every day.”
Formal Instructions & Rules
Used to state rules or procedures in a formal or objective way.
“Smoking is not allowed in the building.”
“ID cards are required for entry.”
Unknown or Unimportant Agent
Used when we don't know who does the action, or it doesn't matter.
“The trash is collected on Tuesdays.”
“My car is serviced every six months.”
Reference Table
| Subjekt | Be-Verb | Partizip Perfekt | Beispiel |
|---|---|---|---|
|
I
|
am
|
invited
|
I am invited to the party.
|
|
You/We/They
|
are
|
eaten
|
Pizzas are eaten worldwide.
|
|
He/She/It
|
is
|
made
|
This car is made in Japan.
|
|
The reports
|
are
|
submitted
|
The reports are submitted weekly.
|
|
The news
|
is
|
broadcast
|
The news is broadcast at 6 PM.
|
|
The doors
|
are
|
locked
|
The doors are locked at 9 PM.
|
|
The decision
|
is
|
made
|
The decision is made by the board.
|
Formalitätsspektrum
The premises are cleaned on a daily basis. (Workplace maintenance)
The office is cleaned every day. (Workplace maintenance)
The place gets cleaned daily. (Workplace maintenance)
The spot is done up every day. (Workplace maintenance)
Grundlagen des Passivs: Simple Present
Kernkomponenten
- Be-Verb am, is, are (present tense)
- Partizip Perfekt V3 form of main verb
Wann verwenden?
- Täter unbekannt Focus on action, not agent
- Täter unwichtig Action is primary
- Formelle Kontexte News, reports, academic writing
Satzfluss
- Objekt zuerst Original object becomes new subject
- By-Agent (optional) To mention the doer if needed
Aktiv vs. Passiv (Simple Present)
Entscheidungshilfe: Passiv verwenden?
Ist der 'Täter' der Handlung wichtig oder bekannt?
Möchtest du die Handlung oder das Objekt, das sie empfängt, betonen?
Ist die Handlung eine allgemeine Wahrheit oder Routine in der Gegenwart?
Verben im Passiv (V3 Beispiele)
Regelmäßige Verben
- • cleaned
- • finished
- • developed
- • loved
- • published
Unregelmäßige Verben
- • taken
- • written
- • eaten
- • made
- • given
- • spoken
Häufige 'Be'-Formen
- • am
- • is
- • are
Beispiele nach Niveau
English is spoken here.
The cars are made in Japan.
Is breakfast served at 8?
The trash is collected on Monday.
The website is updated every day.
Are these shoes made of leather?
The office isn't cleaned on Sundays.
Many movies are filmed in London.
The data is stored on a secure server.
The winner is chosen by a panel of judges.
How is this word pronounced?
The animals are fed twice a day.
The results are analyzed using statistical software.
It is estimated that 20% of energy is wasted.
The law is strictly enforced in this city.
The project is managed by the local council.
The proposal is widely regarded as a breakthrough.
Access is restricted to authorized personnel only.
The nuance is often lost in translation.
The budget is allocated based on performance.
The narrative is underpinned by a sense of loss.
It is often contended that progress is inevitable.
The system is designed to be self-correcting.
The distinction is frequently blurred in practice.
Leicht verwechselbar
Learners often use 'is' when they should use 'was' for past events.
Some words look like participles but are actually adjectives (e.g., 'The door is closed').
Mixing up Present Continuous and Present Passive.
Häufige Fehler
The car made in Germany.
The car is made in Germany.
English speak here.
English is spoken here.
The apples is eaten.
The apples are eaten.
I am invite to the party.
I am invited to the party.
The letter is wrote.
The letter is written.
Is the work finish?
Is the work finished?
The house is builded.
The house is built.
The accident is happened.
The accident happened.
He is said that he is rich.
It is said that he is rich.
The dinner is being serve.
The dinner is being served.
The problem is solved by itself.
The problem is solved.
Satzmuster
___ is made of ___.
___ are grown in ___.
It is said that ___.
___ is strictly prohibited in ___.
Real World Usage
The victim is taken to the hospital.
The sample is placed in a vacuum.
The mixture is stirred until smooth.
Made in Vietnam.
Passengers are requested to remain seated.
Obsessed with coffee. Based in NYC.
Achte auf 'Be' + V3
The car is washed.
Nicht übertreiben!
I write the report.
Denk an den 'Empfänger zuerst'
The ball is thrown.
Formell vs. Locker
News is reported. vs. I tell you the news.
Aktivsatz-Check
The chef cooks the meal.
Smart Tips
Look for the 'Be' verb + 'V3'. If both are there, it's passive.
Use the passive to avoid blaming someone directly.
Use the passive to keep the focus on the product, not the person cooking.
Always double-check the V3 form. It's the most common place for errors.
Aussprache
Linking 'is' and 'are'
In the passive, 'is' and 'are' often link to the following participle.
Reduced 'are'
The word 'are' is often reduced to a schwa sound /ə/ in natural speech.
Emphasis on the Participle
The book is WRITTEN, not read.
Emphasizing the specific action being done.
Einprägen
Eselsbrücke
Remember 'B-P': Be + Participle. If there's no 'Be', it's not Passive!
Visuelle Assoziation
Imagine a factory conveyor belt. The products (objects) are moving along, and things are being done to them by invisible hands. The focus is on the product, not the workers.
Rhyme
When the doer is a mystery, use 'is' and 'are' with V3!
Story
A mysterious detective arrives at a crime scene. He doesn't say 'Someone stole the jewels.' He says 'The jewels are stolen.' He doesn't say 'Someone broke the window.' He says 'The window is broken.' He focuses on the clues, not the unknown thief.
Word Web
Herausforderung
Look around your room. Find 5 things and say how they are used or where they are made (e.g., 'My phone is made in China', 'The light is turned on').
Kulturelle Hinweise
The passive is very common in British English to sound polite and indirect, avoiding blaming someone directly.
In scientific and academic circles, the passive is the standard to show objectivity and focus on the experiment, not the scientist.
Laws and regulations almost exclusively use the passive to create a sense of universal application.
The English passive voice evolved from Old English, which used the verbs 'weorthan' (to become) and 'beon' (to be) with a past participle.
Gesprächseinstiege
Where is your phone made?
How is your favorite traditional dish prepared?
What rules are strictly enforced in your city?
How is the news reported in your country?
Tagebuch-Impulse
Häufige Fehler
Test Yourself
The world's best coffee ___ in Colombia.
Find and fix the mistake:
New ideas is discuss every Monday.
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
Translate into English: 'Viele Sprachen werden in Europa gesprochen.'
Answer starts with: ["M...
Score: /4
Ubungsaufgaben
8 exercisesThe mail ___ (deliver) every morning at 9 AM.
Which sentence is in the Present Simple Passive?
Find and fix the mistake:
The books is written by a famous author.
Spanish ___ in Mexico.
We use the passive voice when the person doing the action is the most important part of the sentence.
A: Is the office open on Saturdays? B: No, the doors ___.
Choose the intransitive verb.
1. They grow rice. 2. They sell rice. 3. They cook rice.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesFresh bread ___ every morning at the bakery.
The news broadcast at 7 PM.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Diese E-Mail wird an alle Mitarbeiter gesendet.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the subjects with the correct form:
The rules ___ strictly followed in this institution.
Many historical documents is kept in the museum.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Dieses Lied wird von Millionen weltweit geliebt.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the active subject to the 'be' verb needed in passive:
Score: /12
FAQ (8)
You can, but you shouldn't. Only use `by` if the person doing the action adds important information. 'The book is written by Steve' is good. 'The room is cleaned by a cleaner' is redundant.
Use `is made of` when you can still see the original material (e.g., 'The chair is made of wood'). Use `is made from` when the material has changed (e.g., 'Paper is made from wood').
No. Only 'transitive' verbs (verbs that take an object) can be passive. Verbs like `happen`, `sleep`, and `go` cannot be passive.
Not always, but it is more common in formal writing. In casual speech, we often use 'they' (e.g., 'They say it's going to rain') instead of the passive ('It is said...').
Because it can make writing sound wordy or evasive. However, in science and news, it is often the best choice for objectivity.
Just add `not` after the verb 'to be'. For example: 'The car is not washed.'
It is the third form of a verb (e.g., go-went-**gone**). For regular verbs, it ends in `-ed`.
It can be. If you mean 'Someone closes the door every day,' it's passive. If you are just describing the door right now, 'closed' is an adjective.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Ser + participio / Pasiva con 'se'
English rarely uses a reflexive structure for the passive.
Être + participe passé
French participles must agree in gender and number with the subject.
Werden + Partizip II
The auxiliary verb is 'become', not 'be'.
~reru / ~rareru
Japanese passive is a verb conjugation, not an auxiliary verb construction.
Al-Fi'l al-Majhul
Passive is indicated by vowel changes, not extra words.
被 (bèi) structure
The passive marker 'bèi' is optional and often implies a negative result.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
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