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B1 adverb #2,400 am häufigsten 6 Min. Lesezeit

به طور متوسط

be tor-e motevasset
At the A1 level, you don't need to use this long phrase yet. Just know that 'motavasset' means 'middle' or 'medium.' If someone asks if you want a small or large coffee, you can say 'motavasset' (medium). The full phrase 'be towr-e motavasset' is something you will learn later to talk about habits with numbers.
At A2, you start using numbers more. You can use 'be towr-e motavasset' to talk about your day. For example: 'I study 2 hours on average.' It helps you give more accurate information about your life. It is like saying 'usually' but with a number. Just remember the three parts: Be + Towr-e + Motavasset.
B1 is the level where this phrase becomes essential. You are now expected to talk about social issues, work, and health. Using 'be towr-e motavasset' allows you to summarize information. You will see it in news articles and hear it in interviews. It makes your Persian sound more professional and less like a beginner who only uses 'usually' (ma'mulan).
At B2, you should distinguish between 'be towr-e motavasset' and 'be towr-e miangin.' You use this phrase to support your arguments in essays or debates. For example, 'On average, people in this city spend more on rent.' You also learn to place it flexibly in the sentence for emphasis.
At C1, you use this phrase in complex statistical contexts. You understand the nuance that 'motavasset' might refer to a general 'average' while 'miangin' is the mathematical 'mean.' You can use it in formal reports and academic research. You also recognize it in complex economic analyses in Persian media.
At the C2 level, you have complete mastery. You can use the phrase to discuss the philosophical implications of 'averages' in society. You might use it in literary critiques or high-level policy discussions. You also know when NOT to use it to avoid sounding too clinical or dry in poetic or highly emotional contexts.
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به طور متوسط in 30 Sekunden

  • Means 'on average' in Persian.
  • Used as an adverb before numbers or quantities.
  • Essential for B1 level and above for professional communication.
  • Common in news, health, and economic contexts.

The Persian phrase به طور متوسط (be towr-e motavasset) is a quintessential adverbial construction used to express the concept of 'on average' or 'mean value.' In the linguistic landscape of Farsi, this phrase bridges the gap between everyday casual observation and rigorous statistical reporting. The construction is composed of three distinct parts: the preposition به (be) meaning 'to' or 'in,' the noun طور (towr) meaning 'manner' or 'way,' and the adjective متوسط (motavasset) meaning 'middle' or 'average.' Together, they literally translate to 'in an average manner.'

Grammatical Function
It acts as a sentence adverb or a manner adverb, modifying the verb to indicate that the action or state described occurs at an average rate or level.
Root Origin
The word 'Motavasset' comes from the Arabic root W-S-T, which relates to the center, middle, or moderation.
Usage Frequency
Highly common in news, academic writing, and discussions about lifestyle, finances, and health.

من به طور متوسط روزی هشت ساعت کار می‌کنم.

— Translation: I work eight hours a day on average.

Understanding this phrase requires a grasp of how Persian speakers quantify reality. Unlike English, where 'average' can be an adjective ('the average person'), in Persian, به طور متوسط is primarily used to modify the entire predicate. If you want to say 'the average person,' you would use a different structure like یک فرد معمولی. This distinction is crucial for learners moving from B1 to B2 levels. The phrase implies a calculation has been made, whether mentally or mathematically, to find the central tendency of a data set or a habit.

قیمت مسکن به طور متوسط ده درصد افزایش یافته است.

— Translation: Housing prices have increased by ten percent on average.
Synonymity
Often interchangeable with 'به‌طور میانگین' (be towr-e miāngin) in technical contexts.
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Standard Modern Persian (used in both spoken and written forms).

When you use this phrase, you are telling your listener that the number you are about to provide is not an absolute constant, but a representative figure. It allows for flexibility in communication. For instance, if you say you eat fruit 'on average' twice a day, you are acknowledging that some days it might be three times and other days only once. This nuance is vital for accurate expression in Persian.

Using به طور متوسط correctly involves understanding its placement within a Persian sentence. In Persian syntax, adverbs are quite flexible, but for clarity, this phrase typically appears before the numerical value it modifies or at the very beginning of the sentence to set the context. Let's explore the structural patterns that make your Persian sound more natural and professional.

1. Placement Before Numbers

The most common position is immediately preceding the quantity. This directly links the 'average' quality to the number. For example:

او به طور متوسط ۵ کتاب در ماه می‌خواند.

— He reads 5 books per month on average.

2. Sentence Initial Position

Placing the phrase at the start of the sentence emphasizes the statistical nature of the statement. This is very common in news reporting or academic presentations.

به طور متوسط، هر ایرانی روزانه دو ساعت از اینترنت استفاده می‌کند.

— On average, every Iranian uses the internet for two hours daily.

3. Formal vs. Informal Nuances

In very formal or mathematical contexts, you might see به‌طور میانگین (be towr-e miāngin). However, به طور متوسط is the 'workhorse' of the language—it fits everywhere from a coffee shop conversation to a government report. In informal speech, the 'be' (به) might be slightly elided, but the full phrase is almost always preferred for clarity.

Common Pattern
[Subject] + [به طور متوسط] + [Number/Quantity] + [Verb]
Alternative Pattern
[به طور متوسط] + [Subject/Clause] + [Verb]

One key tip for learners: when using this phrase with percentages, ensure the word درصد (darsad) follows the number. For example: 'به طور متوسط ۲۰ درصد' (on average 20 percent). This phrase is also essential when discussing time, distance, and costs—the three pillars of practical daily Persian communication.

The phrase به طور متوسط is ubiquitous in Iranian society. If you tune into a Persian news broadcast like IRINN or BBC Persian, you will hear it within the first ten minutes, especially during economic or social segments. It is the language of data, trends, and collective behavior.

1. The News and Media

Journalists use it to summarize complex data. You'll hear phrases like 'به طور متوسط نرخ تورم...' (on average the inflation rate...) or 'به طور متوسط میزان بارش باران...' (on average the amount of rainfall...). It provides a sense of authority and objectivity to the reporting.

2. Health and Lifestyle Discussions

In doctor's offices or health podcasts, it's used to discuss norms. 'شما باید به طور متوسط ۸ لیوان آب بنوشید' (You should drink on average 8 glasses of water). It sets the benchmark for healthy living.

3. Business and Workplace

In meetings, Iranians use it to discuss performance. 'فروش ما به طور متوسط رشد داشته است' (Our sales have grown on average). It's a way to discuss progress without getting bogged down in every single daily fluctuation.

در این شرکت، کارمندان به طور متوسط ۵ سال سابقه دارند.

— In this company, employees have on average 5 years of experience.

Interestingly, you'll also hear it in the bazaar. While bargaining, a merchant might say, 'این کالا به طور متوسط در بازار ۱۰۰ هزار تومان است' (This item is on average 100,000 Tomans in the market), using the 'average' price as a leverage point for negotiation. This shows how deeply the concept of the 'mean' is embedded in Persian commercial logic.

Even though به طور متوسط is a B1 level phrase, many learners—and even some native speakers in casual settings—make specific errors. Avoiding these will significantly boost your fluency and accuracy.

1. Confusing with 'Usually' (معمولاً)

The biggest mistake is using 'on average' when you mean 'usually.' 'Usually' refers to frequency or habit, while 'on average' refers to a calculated value.
❌ من به طور متوسط ساعت ۹ می‌خوابم. (I sleep at 9 on average - sounds like a math calculation of your bedtime).
✅ من معمولاً ساعت ۹ می‌خوابم. (I usually sleep at 9).

2. Incorrect Preposition

Learners often forget the 'به' (be) or try to use 'در' (dar). Remember, the fixed phrase is به طور. Using 'در طور' is a common error influenced by other phrases like 'در طول' (during).

3. Redundancy with 'Miangin'

Avoid saying 'به طور متوسط میانگین'. Since both words imply 'average/mean,' using them together is redundant. Choose one or the other based on the level of formality.

اشتباه: در طور متوسط...
درست: به طور متوسط...

Another subtle mistake is using it without a quantifier. 'به طور متوسط' almost always needs a number, a percentage, or a comparative term (like 'more' or 'less') to make sense. Saying 'He is on average' without a following attribute is incomplete in Persian just as it is in English.

To truly master Persian, you need to know the synonyms and related terms for به طور متوسط. This allows you to vary your vocabulary and match the specific context of your conversation or writing.

به‌طور میانگین (Be towr-e Miāngin)
This is the most direct synonym. 'Miangin' is the mathematical term for 'mean.' Use this in scientific, statistical, or highly formal academic papers.
حدوداً (Hodudan)
Meaning 'approximately.' While 'average' implies a calculation, 'hodudan' implies an estimation. If you aren't sure about the math, use this.
تقریباً (Tagriban)
Meaning 'almost' or 'nearly.' It's often used interchangeably with 'hodudan' but is slightly more common in daily speech.
معمولاً (Ma'mulan)
Meaning 'usually.' As discussed, use this for habits rather than numbers.

تفاوت:
۱. به طور متوسط ۱۰ نفر (Exactly the mean).
۲. تقریباً ۱۰ نفر (About 10, maybe 9 or 11).

In literary Persian, you might encounter the word میانه (miyāne), which also refers to the middle or average, but it is rarely used in the 'be towr-e...' construction in modern speech. Stick to 'motavasset' for 95% of your needs, and 'miangin' for the other 5% when you want to sound like a data scientist.

How Formal Is It?

Formell

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Informell

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Schwierigkeitsgrad

Wichtige Grammatik

Beispiele nach Niveau

1

این قهوه متوسط است.

This coffee is medium.

Here 'motavasset' is an adjective meaning medium.

2

قد او متوسط است.

His height is average.

Adjective usage.

3

یک سیب متوسط می‌خواهم.

I want a medium apple.

Modifying a noun.

4

دمای هوا متوسط است.

The temperature is moderate.

Describing state.

5

او در سطح متوسط است.

He is at an intermediate level.

Level description.

6

ماشین متوسط بخریم.

Let's buy a medium car.

Adjective.

7

خانه ما متوسط است.

Our house is average (size).

Adjective.

8

سرعت متوسط خوب است.

Average speed is good.

Adjective.

1

من به طور متوسط ۶ ساعت می‌خوابم.

I sleep 6 hours on average.

Adverbial phrase with a number.

2

او به طور متوسط روزی دو سیب می‌خورد.

He eats two apples a day on average.

Habitual action with average.

3

ما به طور متوسط هفته‌ای یک بار فیلم می‌بینیم.

We watch a movie once a week on average.

Frequency average.

4

قیمت این نان به طور متوسط ۲ هزار تومان است.

The price of this bread is 2,000 Tomans on average.

Price average.

5

به طور متوسط، او هر روز ورزش می‌کند.

On average, he exercises every day.

Sentence-initial position.

6

من به طور متوسط ۳ فنجان چای می‌نوشم.

I drink 3 cups of tea on average.

Quantity average.

7

او به طور متوسط روزی ۵ کیلومتر پیاده‌روی می‌کند.

He walks 5 kilometers a day on average.

Distance average.

8

به طور متوسط، هوا اینجا گرم است.

On average, the weather is warm here.

General state average.

1

به طور متوسط، هر دانش‌آموز ۱۰ کتاب در سال می‌خواند.

On average, each student reads 10 books per year.

Statistical summary.

2

هزینه‌های ما به طور متوسط ماهیانه ۵ میلیون تومان است.

Our expenses are on average 5 million Tomans monthly.

Financial average.

3

به طور متوسط، ترافیک در این ساعت سنگین است.

On average, traffic is heavy at this hour.

Predictive average.

4

او به طور متوسط روزی ۸ ساعت با کامپیوتر کار می‌کند.

He works with a computer 8 hours a day on average.

Work habit average.

5

به طور متوسط، قد ایرانی‌ها در حال افزایش است.

On average, the height of Iranians is increasing.

Trend analysis.

6

این ماشین به طور متوسط در هر ۱۰۰ کیلومتر ۷ لیتر بنزین مصرف می‌کند.

This car consumes 7 liters of fuel per 100 km on average.

Technical specification.

7

به طور متوسط، مردم این شهر مهربان هستند.

On average, the people of this city are kind.

Generalization.

8

او به طور متوسط در هر امتحان نمره ۱۸ می‌گیرد.

He gets a grade of 18 on every exam on average.

Performance average.

1

به طور متوسط، نرخ بیکاری در سال گذشته کاهش یافته است.

On average, the unemployment rate has decreased over the past year.

Economic context.

2

مصرف آب در این منطقه به طور متوسط ۲۰ درصد بیشتر از پارسال است.

Water consumption in this area is on average 20% higher than last year.

Comparative average.

3

به طور متوسط، هر خانواده ایرانی سه عضو دارد.

On average, every Iranian family has three members.

Demographic data.

4

درآمد خالص شرکت به طور متوسط سالانه ۱۰ درصد رشد می‌کند.

The company's net income grows by 10% annually on average.

Corporate finance.

5

به طور متوسط، زنان در این کشور بیشتر از مردان عمر می‌کنند.

On average, women in this country live longer than men.

Sociological fact.

6

این نرم‌افزار به طور متوسط هر ماه یک بار به‌روزرسانی می‌شود.

This software is updated once a month on average.

Technical frequency.

7

به طور متوسط، قیمت طلا در بازارهای جهانی نوسان دارد.

On average, gold prices fluctuate in global markets.

Market analysis.

8

او به طور متوسط روزانه ۴۰ صفحه از پایان‌نامه‌اش را می‌خواند.

He reads 40 pages of his thesis daily on average.

Academic habit.

1

به طور متوسط، شاخص‌های بورس نشان‌دهنده رکود اقتصادی هستند.

On average, stock market indices indicate an economic recession.

High-level finance.

2

توزیع ثروت در جامعه به طور متوسط ناعادلانه به نظر می‌رسد.

The distribution of wealth in society appears, on average, unfair.

Social critique.

3

به طور متوسط، تغییرات اقلیمی باعث کاهش محصولات کشاورزی شده است.

On average, climate change has led to a decrease in agricultural products.

Environmental science.

4

میزان بهره‌وری کارکنان به طور متوسط با افزایش انگیزه‌های مالی بهبود می‌یابد.

Employee productivity improves on average with increased financial incentives.

Management theory.

5

به طور متوسط، زبان‌های هندواروپایی ساختارهای دستوری مشابهی دارند.

On average, Indo-European languages have similar grammatical structures.

Linguistic analysis.

6

اثربخشی این دارو به طور متوسط پس از دو هفته نمایان می‌شود.

The effectiveness of this drug becomes apparent on average after two weeks.

Medical research.

7

به طور متوسط، تراکم جمعیت در مناطق شهری رو به افزایش است.

On average, population density in urban areas is increasing.

Urban planning.

8

سرمایه‌گذاری در بخش مسکن به طور متوسط سودآورتر از سایر بخش‌هاست.

Investment in the housing sector is, on average, more profitable than other sectors.

Investment analysis.

1

به طور متوسط، پارادایم‌های فکری در هر قرن دستخوش تحول می‌شوند.

On average, intellectual paradigms undergo transformation every century.

Philosophical discourse.

2

تحلیل‌های آماری نشان می‌دهند که به طور متوسط، متغیرهای پنهان بر نتایج تأثیرگذارند.

Statistical analyses show that, on average, latent variables influence the results.

Advanced statistics.

3

به طور متوسط، توازن قدرت در روابط بین‌الملل به سمت چندقطبی شدن پیش می‌رود.

On average, the balance of power in international relations is moving toward multipolarity.

Geopolitical analysis.

4

نوسانات خلقی در بیماران به طور متوسط با ریتم‌های شبانه‌روزی هماهنگ است.

Mood fluctuations in patients are, on average, synchronized with circadian rhythms.

Psychiatric research.

5

به طور متوسط، غنای واژگانی در متون کلاسیک بیش از متون معاصر است.

On average, lexical richness in classical texts is greater than in contemporary texts.

Literary analysis.

6

تأثیرات بلندمدت سیاست‌های پولی به طور متوسط پس از یک دوره تأخیر مشاهده می‌شود.

The long-term effects of monetary policies are observed on average after a period of lag.

Macroeconomics.

7

به طور متوسط، همگرایی فرهنگی در جوامع جهانی‌شده با سرعت بیشتری رخ می‌دهد.

On average, cultural convergence in globalized societies occurs at a faster pace.

Sociological theory.

8

ساختار ژنتیکی موجودات به طور متوسط در برابر تغییرات محیطی مقاوم است.

The genetic structure of organisms is, on average, resistant to environmental changes.

Biological science.

Häufige Kollokationen

به طور متوسط روزانه
به طور متوسط سالانه
به طور متوسط ماهیانه
به طور متوسط درصد
به طور متوسط قیمت
به طور متوسط زمان
به طور متوسط قد
به طور متوسط درآمد
به طور متوسط هزینه
به طور متوسط رشد

Häufige Phrasen

به طور متوسط چقدر؟

به طور متوسط هر نفر

به طور متوسط در هر ساعت

به طور متوسط در هر سال

به طور متوسط در کل کشور

به طور متوسط در جهان

به طور متوسط در این منطقه

به طور متوسط برای هر دانشجو

به طور متوسط در طول عمر

به طور متوسط در هر بار

Wird oft verwechselt mit

به طور متوسط vs معمولاً

Usually (frequency) vs On average (mean value).

به طور متوسط vs تقریباً

Almost/Nearly vs On average.

به طور متوسط vs کلاً

Totally/In total vs On average.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

Leicht verwechselbar

به طور متوسط vs

به طور متوسط vs

به طور متوسط vs

به طور متوسط vs

به طور متوسط vs

Satzmuster

So verwendest du es

note 1

It is more common than 'میانگین' in spoken Persian.

note 2

Can be used for both positive and negative trends.

Häufige Fehler
  • Using 'dar towr-e' instead of 'be towr-e'.
  • Using it to mean 'usually' without a number.
  • Forgetting the ezafe between the words.
  • Confusing 'motavasset' with 'motavasset-e' (the school level).
  • Placing it at the very end of the sentence (unnatural).

Tipps

The Ezafe

Always remember the ezafe (short 'e' sound) between 'towr' and 'motavasset'.

Synonyms

Learn 'miangin' alongside this to sound more academic.

Pausing

A small pause after the phrase helps the listener focus on the number.

Data

Use this phrase to make your arguments more credible with data.

Moderation

Understand that Iranians value the 'middle way' (motavasset).

News

Listen for this phrase in weather reports for rainfall averages.

Middle

Associate 'motavasset' with 'middle' (both start with M).

Prepositions

Never use 'dar towr-e'; always 'be towr-e'.

Numbers

Always follow it with a number or a quantity word.

B1 Milestone

Mastering this phrase is a key sign of a B1 learner.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of 'Motavasset' as 'Motor-set' - your motor is set to a medium, average speed.

Wortherkunft

Arabic root 'W-S-T' combined with Persian preposition 'be' and noun 'towr'.

Kultureller Kontext

The term 'E'tedal' was the slogan of President Rouhani's administration.

High school in Iran is called 'Dowre-ye Motavassete'.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Gesprächseinstiege

"به طور متوسط روزی چند ساعت می‌خوابی؟"

"در کشور شما، مردم به طور متوسط چقدر قهوه می‌نوشند؟"

"به طور متوسط، چقدر طول می‌کشد تا به محل کار برسی؟"

"قیمت اجاره در این شهر به طور متوسط چقدر است؟"

"به طور متوسط، چند بار در سال سفر می‌کنی؟"

Tagebuch-Impulse

Describe your daily routine using 'on average' for at least three activities.

Write about the average weather in your hometown.

Analyze your monthly expenses using this phrase.

Reflect on how much time you spend on social media on average.

Discuss the average height or age of people in your family.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

Yes, to describe an average characteristic of a group of people.

It is suitable for both formal and informal contexts.

Usually before the number or at the beginning of the sentence.

Only in strictly mathematical or scientific contexts.

Only as an adjective (e.g., 'medium size'), not as 'on average'.

بالاتر از متوسط.

پایین‌تر از متوسط.

Rarely, as it is a more technical/modern adverb.

No, it works with all tenses.

Yes, 'به طور متوسط حدوداً ۱۰ نفر'.

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