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B1 adjective #9,000 am häufigsten 6 Min. Lesezeit

متلاطم

motalaatem Top 9,000

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At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'متلاطم' often, as it is a bit advanced. However, you can think of it as a way to say 'big waves' in the sea. Imagine you are at the beach and the water is moving a lot. Instead of saying 'water is big,' people who speak Persian very well use this word. It's like saying the water is not quiet. You might see it in a picture book about a boat in a storm. Just remember: it means 'not calm' for water.

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For A2 learners, 'متلاطم' is a useful word to recognize when listening to the weather or reading simple stories. It is an adjective used for the sea. You know the word 'آرام' (calm)? 'متلاطم' is the opposite when we talk about the ocean. If a teacher asks 'How is the sea today?' and it is rough, you can say 'دریا متلاطم است' (The sea is turbulent). It's a 'level up' from just saying 'بد' (bad) or 'طوفانی' (stormy).

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At the B1 level, you should start using 'متلاطم' to describe more than just water. This is where the word becomes really interesting. You can use it to describe feelings or situations. If you are very stressed and your mind is full of many different thoughts, you can say your mind is 'متلاطم'. This shows you have a good vocabulary. In the news, you will hear it about the 'market' (bāzār). If prices go up and down very fast, the market is 'متلاطم'. It's a great word for describing instability in a formal way.

B2 students should master the nuances of 'متلاطم' compared to its synonyms. You should know that 'متلاطم' implies a rhythmic, violent agitation. It comes from an Arabic root meaning 'to slap'. This helps you understand why it's used for waves—they slap against each other. At this level, you should be able to write an essay about social issues and use 'اوضاع متلاطم' to describe a period of social unrest. You should also recognize it in Persian literature and poetry, where it often symbolizes the struggle of the soul.

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As a C1 learner, you should appreciate the rhythmic quality of the word 'متلاطم' itself. The way it is pronounced reflects its meaning. You should be able to use it in academic or highly formal contexts, such as analyzing the 'تاریخ متلاطم' (turbulent history) of the Middle East. You should also understand its derivational morphology and how it fits into the broader system of Persian-Arabic loanwords. You should be comfortable using it metaphorically in creative writing to describe a 'gaze' or a 'political climate' with precision.

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At the C2 level, 'متلاطم' is a tool for precision. You use it when 'آشفته' or 'ناآرام' is too weak. You understand the historical weight of the word in classical Persian prose. You can distinguish between 'دریای متلاطم' (a physically agitated sea) and 'دریای خروشان' (a roaring, powerful sea) and choose the one that fits your specific poetic or descriptive goal. You might use it to describe the 'fluctuating' nature of philosophical thought or the 'turbulent' reception of a controversial piece of art.

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Motalātem means turbulent or agitated, used for rough seas.
It often describes unstable political or economic situations in formal news.
Metaphorically, it refers to a troubled soul or a heart full of emotions.
It is a formal word, opposite to 'ārām' (calm or quiet).

The Persian word متلاطم (motalātem) is a sophisticated adjective primarily used to describe something that is in a state of violent agitation, unrest, or turbulence. While its most literal application refers to the physical state of a body of water—specifically a sea or ocean with high, crashing waves—it is deeply embedded in the Persian language as a powerful metaphor for emotional and social instability. When you encounter this word, imagine the 'slapping' sound of waves hitting one another; indeed, the root of the word in Arabic relates to the act of striking or slapping. In contemporary Persian, it is the go-to term for describing a 'rough' sea, but it is equally common in political commentary to describe a 'volatile' situation or in literature to describe a 'disturbed' soul.

Literal Usage: Used to describe the sea (دریای متلاطم) when waves are high and the water is dangerous for navigation.
Figurative Usage: Used to describe a person's inner state (روح متلاطم) or a country's political atmosphere (اوضاع متلاطم) when things are chaotic or uncertain.

کشتی در میان امواج متلاطم دریا گرفتار شده بود.
The ship was caught in the middle of the sea's turbulent waves.

Understanding the nuance of this word requires recognizing that it implies a sense of rhythm and repeated motion. Unlike 'طوفانی' (stormy), which might suggest wind and rain, 'متلاطم' focuses specifically on the agitation of the substance itself—the water or the feelings. It suggests a lack of peace that is visible and palpable. If a market is 'متلاطم', prices are swinging wildly up and down. If a history is 'متلاطم', it is filled with revolutions, wars, and sudden shifts. It is a word that carries weight and seriousness, often appearing in formal writing, news broadcasts, and classical poetry.

او پس از شنیدن خبر، با قلبی متلاطم به خانه بازگشت.
After hearing the news, he returned home with a turbulent heart.

Using متلاطم correctly involves understanding its role as an adjective that follows the noun it modifies, connected by the 'Ezafe' (the short 'e' sound). Because it is a formal and somewhat literary word, it pairs best with nouns that denote large concepts like the sea, the soul, history, or the economy. It is rarely used for small, trivial agitations like a glass of water being shaken; it requires a certain scale of disturbance to be appropriate.

Structure: Noun + e + متلاطم: Example: بازارِ متلاطم (The turbulent market).

In grammatical terms, it can also function as a predicate adjective with the verb 'شدن' (to become) or 'بودن' (to be). For instance, 'دریا متلاطم شد' means 'The sea became turbulent.' This usage is very common in weather reports. In more poetic contexts, you might see it used to describe eyes or a gaze that shows inner turmoil, though 'آشفته' is a more common synonym for facial expressions.

تاریخ این سرزمین همواره متلاطم بوده است.
The history of this land has always been turbulent.

When describing emotions, 'متلاطم' suggests a deep, churning unrest that is hard to calm down. It is often contrasted with 'آرام' (calm). A common literary trope in Persian is the 'دریای متلاطم دل' (the turbulent sea of the heart), where the heart's emotions are compared to the vast, uncontrollable ocean. When using it in this way, the speaker is conveying a high level of intensity.

While you might not hear متلاطم in a casual conversation about a spilled drink, you will encounter it frequently in specific professional and artistic domains. Its presence in Persian media is ubiquitous, especially in segments dealing with the environment, global politics, or economics. Here are the three main places you will hear it:

The News: Anchors use it to describe the stock market (بازار سرمایه متلاطم) or political unrest in a region.
Literature and Music: Persian lyrics and poems are filled with references to the 'turbulent sea' as a symbol for life's hardships or the pain of love.
Weather Forecasts: Meteorologists use it to warn sailors about sea conditions in the Persian Gulf or the Caspian Sea.

گزارش‌ها حاکی از اوضاع متلاطم در مرزها است.
Reports indicate a turbulent situation at the borders.

In a cultural sense, Iranians often use this word to express the collective feeling of living through rapid changes. It resonates with a history that has seen many 'ups and downs' (فراز و نشیب). Therefore, calling a period of time 'متلاطم' is a way of acknowledging its difficulty without necessarily using negative slang. It is a respectful, serious way to describe chaos.

Learners of Persian often make a few specific errors when using متلاطم. The most common is confusing it with other adjectives that describe 'messiness' or 'disturbance' but in different contexts. For example, using it to describe a messy room is incorrect; for that, you would use 'نامرتب' or 'به هم ریخته'.

Mistake: Scale Misjudgment: Using 'متلاطم' for small things like a cup of tea or a small puddle. It is for large-scale turbulence.
Mistake: Confusing with 'طوفانی': 'Tufāni' means 'stormy' (wind/rain). 'Motalātem' specifically describes the water's surface or the inner agitation.

Another mistake involves the pronunciation of the 't' and 'l' sounds. Ensure you don't confuse it with 'متلاشی' (motalāshi), which means 'disintegrated' or 'shattered'. While both start similarly, their meanings are drastically different. One describes movement; the other describes destruction. Finally, remember that 'متلاطم' is an adjective, not a verb. You cannot say 'من متلاطم' to mean 'I am agitating'; you must say 'من متلاطم هستم' or 'من متلاطم شدم'.

اشتباه: اتاقم متلاطم است. (غلط)
درست: اتاقم به هم ریخته است. (صحیح)
Incorrect: My room is 'turbulent'. Correct: My room is messy.

Persian is rich in synonyms for agitation, each with its own flavor. Choosing the right one depends on whether you are talking about water, weather, or human feelings. متلاطم is the most formal and literary choice among them.

مواج (Mavvāj): Means 'wavy'. It is less intense than 'متلاطم'. A 'wavy' sea is beautiful; a 'turbulent' sea is dangerous.
آشفته (Āshofteh): Means 'disturbed' or 'disheveled'. Used more for hair, thoughts, or sleep. It implies a lack of order rather than violent movement.
ناآرام (Nā-ārām): Literally 'not calm'. This is the most common everyday alternative. You can use it for a restless child or a slightly rough sea.

In a literary context, you might see 'خروشان' (khorushān), which means 'roaring' or 'raging', often used for waterfalls or rivers. While 'متلاطم' describes the state of agitation, 'خروشان' describes the sound and the power of the water. For political contexts, 'ناپایدار' (nā-pāydār - unstable) is a frequent alternative when the focus is on the lack of stability rather than the 'choppiness' of the situation.

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

The imagery of the word is quite violent; it literally describes waves 'slapping each other' across the surface of the water.

Aussprachehilfe

UK /mo.tæ.lɒː.tem/

US /moʊ.tæ.lɑː.tem/

The stress is typically on the last syllable: mo-ta-lā-TEM.

Reimt sich auf

مقاوم (moqāvem) مراسم (marāsem) علائم (alā'em) عالم (ālem) قائم (qā'em) دائم (dā'em) حاکم (hākem) لازم (lāzem)

Häufige Fehler

Pronouncing it as 'motalātem' with a short 'a' in the third syllable. It must be a long 'ā'.
Confusing the 't' with 'th' sound; in Persian, 't' is always a hard dental sound.
Swapping the 'l' and 't' positions (metolātem).
Failing to pronounce the final 'm' clearly.
Stressing the first syllable instead of the last.

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 3/5

Common in news and literature, easy to recognize once the root is known.

Schreiben 4/5

Requires knowledge of when to use it metaphorically versus literally.

Sprechen 4/5

Pronunciation of the four syllables needs to be distinct.

Hören 3/5

Used frequently in formal broadcasts.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

دریا موج آرام شدن اوضاع

Als Nächstes lernen

آشفته مضطرب بحران پایداری توفان

Fortgeschritten

تلاطم متموج مواجی تلاطم‌خیز مستأصل

Wichtige Grammatik

Adjective placement

Noun + (e) + Adjective: دریایِ متلاطم

Active Participle Formation

Arabic Form VI: Motalātem

Ezafe Construction

The link between Noun and Adjective.

Subject-Verb Agreement with Abstract Nouns

اوضاع متلاطم است (Situation is turbulent).

Intensifiers with Adjectives

بسیار متلاطم (Very turbulent).

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Beispiele nach Niveau

دریا متلاطم است.

The sea is turbulent.

Subject + Adjective + Verb 'to be'.

موج‌های متلاطم بزرگ هستند.

The turbulent waves are big.

Plural noun + Ezafe + Adjective.

امروز دریا متلاطم بود.

Today the sea was turbulent.

Past tense of 'to be'.

کشتی در دریای متلاطم است.

The ship is in the turbulent sea.

Preposition 'dar' (in).

من از دریای متلاطم می‌ترسم.

I am afraid of the turbulent sea.

Verb 'tarshidan' (to fear) + 'az'.

آیا دریا متلاطم است؟

Is the sea turbulent?

Question form.

این آب متلاطم است.

This water is turbulent.

Demonstrative 'in' (this).

دریا آرام نیست، متلاطم است.

The sea is not calm, it is turbulent.

Negation 'nist'.

هوا سرد و دریا متلاطم است.

The weather is cold and the sea is turbulent.

Compound sentence with 'va'.

قایق کوچک در آب‌های متلاطم حرکت می‌کرد.

The small boat was moving in turbulent waters.

Past continuous movement.

ماهیگیران به دریای متلاطم نرفتند.

The fishermen did not go to the turbulent sea.

Negative past tense.

شنا کردن در دریای متلاطم خطرناک است.

Swimming in a turbulent sea is dangerous.

Gerund (shana kardan) as subject.

ما موج‌های متلاطم را دیدیم.

We saw the turbulent waves.

Direct object marker 'rā'.

دریای متلاطم زیبا اما ترسناک است.

The turbulent sea is beautiful but scary.

Adjectives with 'ama' (but).

چرا دریا امروز اینقدر متلاطم است؟

Why is the sea so turbulent today?

Question word 'cherā'.

او به دریای متلاطم نگاه کرد.

He looked at the turbulent sea.

Preposition 'be' (at/to).

اوضاع سیاسی منطقه بسیار متلاطم است.

The political situation of the region is very turbulent.

Abstract usage of the adjective.

پس از آن اتفاق، روح او متلاطم شد.

After that event, his soul became turbulent.

Metaphorical use for emotions.

بازار بورس امروز روز متلاطمی را پشت سر گذاشت.

The stock market went through a turbulent day today.

Adjective modifying 'day'.

افکار متلاطم اجازه نمی‌داد او بخوابد.

Turbulent thoughts wouldn't let him sleep.

Plural subject + verb agreement.

کشور در دورانی متلاطم قرار داشت.

The country was in a turbulent era.

Describing a period of time.

قلب متلاطم او با دیدن مادرش آرام شد.

Her turbulent heart calmed down upon seeing her mother.

Contrast between 'motalātem' and 'ārām'.

این فیلم داستانی از یک زندگی متلاطم است.

This movie is a story of a turbulent life.

Genitive construction (ezafe).

او سعی کرد در این شرایط متلاطم خونسرد بماند.

He tried to stay cool in these turbulent conditions.

Infinitive 'māndan' (to stay).

دریای متلاطم افکارش او را به سوی تصمیمات سخت سوق داد.

The turbulent sea of his thoughts pushed him toward hard decisions.

Complex metaphorical subject.

تاریخ معاصر ایران سرشار از حوادث متلاطم است.

Contemporary Iranian history is full of turbulent events.

Adjective modifying 'havādes' (events).

او با نگاهی متلاطم به جمعیت خیره شده بود.

He was staring at the crowd with a turbulent gaze.

Describing a look or gaze.

روابط دو کشور در ماه‌های اخیر متلاطم بوده است.

Relations between the two countries have been turbulent in recent months.

Present perfect tense.

شاعر در این بیت، دل خود را به دریایی متلاطم تشبیه کرده است.

In this verse, the poet has likened his heart to a turbulent sea.

Literary analysis terminology.

اقتصاد جهانی پس از بحران، وضعیتی متلاطم پیدا کرد.

The global economy found itself in a turbulent state after the crisis.

Formal economic context.

هیچ‌کس جرات نداشت در آن دریای متلاطم قایق‌رانی کند.

No one dared to row in that turbulent sea.

Negative indefinite pronoun 'hich-kas'.

او در میان امواج متلاطم زندگی، راه خود را پیدا کرد.

In the midst of life's turbulent waves, he found his way.

Prepositional phrase 'dar miyān-e'.

گفتمان‌های سیاسی عصر حاضر به شدت متلاطم و ناپایدار به نظر می‌رسند.

Contemporary political discourses seem intensely turbulent and unstable.

Academic vocabulary (goftmān).

روح متلاطم هنرمند در تار و پود آثارش تجلی یافته است.

The artist's turbulent soul is manifested in the fabric of his works.

Literary verb 'tajalli yāftan'.

در پس آن چهره آرام، دریایی متلاطم از خشم نهفته بود.

Behind that calm face, a turbulent sea of anger was hidden.

Prepositional phrase 'dar pas-e' (behind).

تحولات متلاطم بازار ارز، برنامه‌ریزی اقتصادی را دشوار کرده است.

The turbulent fluctuations of the currency market have made economic planning difficult.

Complex noun phrase as subject.

رمان به بررسی زندگی خانواده‌ای در سال‌های متلاطم جنگ می‌پردازد.

The novel examines the life of a family during the turbulent years of the war.

Verb 'be barresi pardākhtan'.

او با ذهنی متلاطم از پرسش‌های بی‌پاسخ، اتاق را ترک کرد.

With a mind turbulent with unanswered questions, he left the room.

Adverbial phrase of manner.

این منطقه همواره به عنوان یک کانون متلاطم در جغرافیای سیاسی شناخته می‌شود.

This region is always known as a turbulent center in geopolitical geography.

Passive voice 'shenākhte mishavad'.

موسیقی با ریتمی متلاطم آغاز شد که نشان‌دهنده اضطراب درونی بود.

The music began with a turbulent rhythm that indicated inner anxiety.

Relative clause 'ke neshān-dahandeh'.

ژرفای روح او چنان متلاطم بود که هیچ واژه‌ای یارای توصیف آن را نداشت.

The depth of his soul was so turbulent that no word had the power to describe it.

Subordinate clause of result 'chonān... ke'.

تاریخ بشر، توالیِ بی‌پایانی از اعصار آرام و ادوار متلاطم است.

Human history is an endless sequence of calm eras and turbulent periods.

Formal plural 'advār' (periods).

او در گرداب متلاطم حوادث، اصالت خود را حفظ کرد.

In the turbulent whirlpool of events, he preserved his authenticity.

Metaphorical noun 'gerdāb' (whirlpool).

نقد او بر جامعه، تصویری متلاطم از تضادهای طبقاتی ارائه می‌دهد.

His critique of society presents a turbulent image of class contradictions.

Sociological context.

امواج متلاطم مدرنیته، سنت‌های دیرینه را به چالش کشیده است.

The turbulent waves of modernity have challenged long-standing traditions.

Abstract personification.

بیان متلاطم و گسیخته‌ی نویسنده، بازتابی از روان رنجور اوست.

The author's turbulent and fragmented expression is a reflection of his suffering psyche.

Literary criticism terminology.

سیاستمدار در میان اقیانوس متلاطم افکار عمومی، به دنبال ساحل نجات بود.

The politician was looking for a shore of salvation amidst the turbulent ocean of public opinion.

Extended metaphor.

در این فضای متلاطم اندیشه، یافتن حقیقتی واحد دشوار می‌نماید.

In this turbulent space of thought, finding a single truth seems difficult.

Formal verb 'nemudan' (to seem).

Häufige Kollokationen

دریای متلاطم

اوضاع متلاطم

بازار متلاطم

روح متلاطم

افکار متلاطم

تاریخ متلاطم

قلب متلاطم

شرایط متلاطم

امواج متلاطم

دوران متلاطم

Häufige Phrasen

دریای متلاطم زندگی

— A metaphor for the difficulties and challenges one faces in life.

او در دریای متلاطم زندگی هرگز ناامید نشد.

ذهن متلاطم

— A state of mental confusion or high anxiety.

او با ذهنی متلاطم به دنبال راه حل می‌گشت.

بازار ارز متلاطم

— When the currency exchange rates are changing rapidly and unpredictably.

بازار ارز متلاطم خرید و فروش را متوقف کرد.

اوضاع متلاطم خاورمیانه

— A very common news phrase describing instability in the Middle East.

اوضاع متلاطم خاورمیانه در صدر اخبار بود.

دوران متلاطم نوجوانی

— The difficult and changing years of being a teenager.

او دوران متلاطم نوجوانی را به سختی سپری کرد.

دریای متلاطم دل

— A poetic way to describe strong, conflicting emotions.

دریای متلاطم دلش با یک لبخند آرام شد.

کشتی‌رانی در دریای متلاطم

— Literally sailing in rough water, or metaphorically managing a crisis.

مدیریت این شرکت مثل کشتی‌رانی در دریای متلاطم است.

هوای متلاطم

— Agitated weather, usually involving wind and changing pressures.

خلبان درباره هوای متلاطم به مسافران هشدار داد.

روابط متلاطم

— Relationships that have many arguments and unstable periods.

آن‌ها روابط متلاطمی با هم داشتند.

فضای متلاطم

— A tense or chaotic atmosphere in a room or a society.

فضای متلاطم پارلمان مانع از تصویب قانون شد.

Wird oft verwechselt mit

متلاطم vs متلاشی (motalāshi)

Means disintegrated or destroyed. Sounds similar but very different meaning.

متلاطم vs طوفانی (tufāni)

Means stormy. While related, 'tufāni' focuses on the weather, 'motalātem' on the water/state.

متلاطم vs موجی (mowji)

Can mean 'wavy', but in slang, it often refers to someone with shell shock or mental instability.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"دل به دریا زدن در شرایط متلاطم"

— To take a big risk even when the situation is dangerous or unstable.

او در این بازار متلاطم دل به دریا زد و مغازه باز کرد.

Informal/Idiomatic

"در دریای متلاطم دست و پا زدن"

— To struggle hard to survive or succeed in a very difficult situation.

شرکت‌های کوچک در این اقتصاد متلاطم دست و پا می‌زنند.

Metaphorical

"آب متلاطم را گل‌آلود کردن"

— A variation of 'fishing in muddy waters', meaning to take advantage of a chaotic situation.

او همیشه سعی می‌کند اوضاع را متلاطم کند تا به سود خود برسد.

Formal/Literary

"آرامش پیش از تلاطم"

— The calm before the storm; a deceptive peace before a big agitation.

این سکوت فقط آرامش پیش از تلاطم است.

Neutral

"موج‌سواری بر افکار متلاطم"

— To exploit or lead people's agitated emotions for a specific goal.

سیاستمداران بر افکار متلاطم مردم موج‌سواری می‌کنند.

Political/Critical

"ساحل نجات در دریای متلاطم"

— A person or thing that provides safety in a chaotic time.

کتاب خواندن برای او ساحل نجاتی در این روزهای متلاطم است.

Poetic

"تلاطم درونی"

— Inner turmoil that is not shown on the outside.

او تلاطم درونی خود را پشت لبخندی پنهان کرد.

Psychological

"بر امواج متلاطم سوار بودن"

— To be at the mercy of events or to be deeply involved in chaos.

ما همه بر امواج متلاطم تاریخ سوار هستیم.

Philosophical

"تلاطم ایجاد کردن"

— To cause a stir or create instability intentionally.

حرف‌های او در جلسه تلاطم ایجاد کرد.

Neutral

"کشتیِ شکسته در دریای متلاطم"

— A symbol of a person who is helpless in the face of great difficulties.

او مثل کشتی شکسته‌ای در دریای متلاطم زندگی بود.

Literary

Leicht verwechselbar

متلاطم vs آشفته

Both mean disturbed.

Āshofteh is for disorder (hair, room, mind). Motalātem is for violent movement (sea, market).

موهای آشفته vs دریای متلاطم

متلاطم vs خروشان

Both describe active water.

Khorushān implies a roaring sound and downward force (waterfall). Motalātem implies back-and-forth agitation.

آبشار خروشان vs دریای متلاطم

متلاطم vs ناآرام

Both mean not calm.

Nā-ārām is simple and general. Motalātem is formal and more intense.

بچه ناآرام vs اوضاع متلاطم

متلاطم vs مواج

Both refer to waves.

Mavvāj is descriptive and can be neutral/pretty. Motalātem is usually negative or intense.

موی مواج vs دریای متلاطم

متلاطم vs مضطرب

Both can describe a person.

Moztarib is specifically 'anxious' (internal). Motalātem is 'turbulent' (can be seen in behavior/state).

او مضطرب است vs روح او متلاطم است

Satzmuster

[Noun] [Adjective] [Verb].

دریا متلاطم است.

[Noun] + e + [Adjective] [Verb].

او دریای متلاطم را دید.

[Abstract Noun] [Adjective] شد.

اوضاع متلاطم شد.

در میانِ [Noun] + e + [Adjective]...

در میانِ امواج متلاطم...

[Noun] + i + [Adjective] را پشت سر گذاشتن

او روزی متلاطم را پشت سر گذاشت.

توالیِ [Noun]هایِ [Adjective]...

توالیِ دوران‌های متلاطم...

به دلیل [Noun] + e + [Adjective]...

به دلیل بازار متلاطم...

با وجودِ [Noun] + e + [Adjective]...

با وجودِ قلب متلاطم...

Wortfamilie

Substantive

تلاطم (talātom) - turbulence/agitation

Verben

متلاطم شدن (motalātem shodan) - to become turbulent

متلاطم کردن (motalātem kardan) - to make turbulent

Adjektive

متلاطم (motalātem) - turbulent

پر تلاطم (por-talātom) - very turbulent

Verwandt

موج (mowj) - wave

طوفان (tufān) - storm

آشفتگی (āshoftegi) - disturbance

ناآرامی (nā-ārāmi) - unrest

دریا (daryā) - sea

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frequency

Common in media and literature; rare in casual street slang.

Häufige Fehler

Daryā motalātem ast (missing ezafe when used as a title) → Daryā-ye motalātem
When using it as a phrase 'The turbulent sea', you need the ezafe.
Using it for a messy room. → Otāgh-e nāmortab
'متلاطم' is for physical or metaphorical turbulence, not domestic messiness.
Pronouncing it 'motalātam'. → motalātem
The last vowel is an 'e' sound, not 'a'.
Confusing it with 'motalāshi'. → motalātem
Don't confuse 'turbulent' with 'disintegrated'.
Using it to mean 'angry' for a person. → asabāni
A person is 'asabāni' (angry), but their heart or soul is 'motalātem' (turbulent).

Tipps

Sea Context

Always use 'متلاطم' when describing a sea that is too rough for swimming or small boats.

Formal Tone

Use this word in essays to describe periods of history or social change to show a high level of Persian proficiency.

Root Learning

Remember the Arabic root 'L-T-M' (slap) to help you visualize the waves hitting each other.

News Keywords

When you hear 'motalātem' on the news, pay attention to the words before it; it's likely 'bāzār' (market) or 'owzā' (situation).

Emotional Nuance

Use 'del-e motalātem' to describe being deeply moved or troubled by something, rather than just 'nārāhat' (sad).

Ezafe Link

Don't forget the 'e' sound when connecting a noun to 'متلاطم' (e.g., Daryā-ye motalātem).

Poetic Imagery

In Persian poetry, a turbulent sea is often a metaphor for the world's unpredictability.

Opposite Pair

Memorize 'Ārām vs Motalātem' as a pair to help remember both words.

Stress

Put the stress on the 'TEM' at the end to sound more like a native speaker.

Life's Waves

Use 'amvāj-e motalātem-e zendegi' (turbulent waves of life) in a speech to sound more eloquent.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of 'motalātem' as 'Mo-Tal-A-Tem'. Imagine 'Mo' (a person) at the 'Tal' (tall) waves, saying 'A-Tem' (at them). He is looking at the turbulent waves.

Visuelle Assoziation

Visualize a dark blue ocean with white foam crashing together in every direction. There is no clear direction to the waves; they are just 'slapping' each other.

Word Web

Sea Waves Politics Emotions Market Unrest Storm Chaos

Herausforderung

Try to use 'متلاطم' in three different ways today: once for the weather, once for your mood, and once for the news you read.

Wortherkunft

Borrowed from Arabic, the word is the active participle of the VI form (Tafā'ul) of the root L-T-M (لطم).

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: The root 'لطم' means to slap or strike the cheek. Form VI implies a reciprocal action.

Semitic root (Arabic) incorporated into Indo-European (Persian) grammar.

Kultureller Kontext

It is a neutral, descriptive word, but when used for a person's mental state, it implies significant distress.

English speakers might use 'choppy' for water or 'rocky' for situations. 'Turbulent' is the closest formal match.

The phrase 'دریای متلاطم' appears in countless Persian songs. Used in news reports about the 'Green Movement' or economic shifts. Commonly found in translations of Hemingway's 'The Old Man and the Sea'.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Weather Forecast

دریای خزر متلاطم است
ارتفاع موج
هشدار به شناورها
طوفان در راه است

Stock Market News

نوسانات بازار
قیمت‌های متلاطم
شاخص بورس
بی‌ثباتی اقتصادی

Literature/Poetry

دل متلاطم
دریای عشق
امواج غم
روح سرگردان

Political Analysis

منطقه متلاطم
روابط دیپلماتیک
تنش‌های مرزی
تغییرات ناگهانی

Daily Mood

احساس ناآرامی
فکر‌های زیاد
آرامش خواستن
روز سخت

Gesprächseinstiege

"آیا تا به حال در یک دریای متلاطم سوار قایق شده‌اید؟"

"به نظر شما چرا بازار ارز اینقدر متلاطم شده است؟"

"چطور می‌توان در یک زندگی متلاطم، آرامش پیدا کرد؟"

"کدام دوره از تاریخ را متلاطم‌ترین دوره می‌دانید؟"

"وقتی ذهنتان متلاطم است، چه کاری برای آرام شدن انجام می‌دهید؟"

Tagebuch-Impulse

درباره زمانی بنویسید که احساس کردید روحتان مثل یک دریای متلاطم است. چه چیزی باعث آن شد؟

اگر بخواهید وضعیت فعلی جهان را با کلمه 'متلاطم' توصیف کنید، چه مثال‌هایی می‌آورید؟

تفاوت بین یک زندگی 'آرام' و یک زندگی 'متلاطم' در چیست؟ کدام یک جذاب‌تر است؟

داستانی کوتاه درباره ناخدایی بنویسید که باید کشتی‌اش را از یک دریای متلاطم عبور دهد.

چگونه اخبار رسانه‌ها بر متلاطم شدن افکار عمومی تاثیر می‌گذارد؟

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

No, that would be incorrect. For a messy or disorganized room, use 'به هم ریخته' or 'نامرتب'. 'متلاطم' is reserved for large-scale agitation like the sea or a political crisis.

It is generally negative or at least serious. It implies a lack of peace and stability. However, in poetry, it can describe a 'passionate' heart, which might be seen as a powerful, albeit difficult, state.

It is a long vowel, like the 'a' in 'father'. It's written with the letter 'alef' in the middle: م-ت-ل-ا-ط-م.

The root is the Arabic L-T-M (لطم), which means to slap. The form 'motalātem' describes things slapping against each other, like waves.

Yes, but usually to describe their 'soul' (ruh), 'heart' (del), or 'thoughts' (afkār). It describes their inner state rather than their physical appearance.

The most common opposite is 'آرام' (ārām), which means calm, quiet, or peaceful.

It's less common in casual conversation. You're more likely to hear it on the news, in a university lecture, or in a song.

Not exactly. 'Stormy' (طوفانی) includes wind and rain. 'Turbulent' (متلاطم) specifically describes the agitation of the water or the situation itself.

Yes, this is a very common usage in economics to describe a volatile market where prices change quickly.

The common verb is 'متلاطم شدن' (to become turbulent) or 'تلاطم داشتن' (to have turbulence).

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