A2 Basic Verbs 1 min read Mittel

Irregular Imperfect Verbs: Exceptions to the Rule

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Most Armenian verbs use '-um ei' for the past continuous, but a few key verbs change their root entirely.

  • The verb 'to be' (linel) becomes 'ei' (I was).
  • The verb 'to go' (gnal) uses the root 'gnum' but follows specific stem changes.
  • The verb 'to give' (tal) becomes 'talis ei' instead of 'talum ei'.
Subject + (Root + um) + (ei/eir/er/einq/eiq/ein)

Irregular Imperfect Conjugation

Pronoun Gnal (to go) Tal (to give) Linel (to be)
Yes
Gnum ei
Talis ei
Linum ei
Du
Gnum eir
Talis eir
Linum eir
Na
Gnum er
Talis er
Linum er
Menq
Gnum einq
Talis einq
Linum einq
Duq
Gnum eiq
Talis eiq
Linum eiq
Nranq
Gnum ein
Talis ein
Linum ein

Meanings

The imperfect tense describes ongoing or habitual actions in the past. Irregular verbs deviate from the standard '-um' suffix pattern.

1

Habitual Past

Actions that happened repeatedly in the past.

“Ամեն օր տալիս էի նրան գիրք։”

“Մենք լինում էինք այնտեղ։”

Reference Table

Reference table for Irregular Imperfect Verbs: Exceptions to the Rule
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Stem + ei
Gnum ei
Negative
Che + Stem + ei
Chei gnum
Question
Stem + ei + ?
Gnum ei՞r?
Negative Question
Che + Stem + ei + ?
Chei՞r gnum?
Short Answer
Yes/No
Ayo/Vo'ch

Formalitätsspektrum

Formell
Ես գնում էի գրասենյակ։

Ես գնում էի գրասենյակ։ (Work)

Neutral
Ես գնում էի գրասենյակ։

Ես գնում էի գրասենյակ։ (Work)

Informell
Գնում էի գրասենյակ։

Գնում էի գրասենյակ։ (Work)

Umgangssprache
Գնում էի օֆիս։

Գնում էի օֆիս։ (Work)

Irregular Verb Map

Irregular Imperfect

Verbs

  • Gnal To go
  • Tal To give
  • Linel To be

Standard vs Irregular

Standard (-um)
Kardal To read
Irregular
Tal To give

Beispiele nach Niveau

1

Ես գնում էի տուն։

I was going home.

2

Նա տալիս էր գիրք։

He was giving a book.

3

Մենք լինում էինք այնտեղ։

We were there.

4

Դու գնում էիր։

You were going.

1

Ես չէի գնում դպրոց։

I was not going to school.

2

Ինչո՞ւ էիր տալիս նրան։

Why were you giving it to him?

3

Նրանք լինում էին տանը։

They were at home.

4

Մենք գնում էինք քաղաք։

We were going to the city.

1

Ամեն օր նա տալիս էր ինձ նամակներ։

Every day he was giving me letters.

2

Երբ ես գնում էի աշխատանքի, անձրև էր գալիս։

When I was going to work, it was raining.

3

Մենք հաճախ լինում էինք այդ սրճարանում։

We were often at that cafe.

4

Դուք չէիք տալիս ճիշտ պատասխանը։

You were not giving the right answer.

1

Նա միշտ տալիս էր իր խորհուրդը։

He was always giving his advice.

2

Մենք գնում էինք այնտեղ, որտեղ լինում էին մեր ընկերները։

We were going where our friends were.

3

Չէի՞ր տալիս նրան հնարավորություն։

Weren't you giving him a chance?

4

Նրանք լինում էին ակտիվ մասնակիցներ։

They were active participants.

1

Այն ժամանակ, երբ ես գնում էի համալսարան, նա միշտ տալիս էր ինձ գրքեր։

Back when I was going to university, he was always giving me books.

2

Անկախ ամեն ինչից, մենք լինում էինք միասին։

Regardless of everything, we were together.

3

Դուք չէիք տալիս այն արժեքը, որը պահանջվում էր։

You were not giving the value that was required.

4

Գնում էի՞ք դուք դեպի նպատակը։

Were you going towards the goal?

1

Նա լինում էր այնպիսի իրավիճակներում, որոնք տալիս էին նրան փորձ։

He was in situations that gave him experience.

2

Մենք գնում էինք դեպի անհայտը՝ տալով մեզ հարցեր։

We were going towards the unknown, asking ourselves questions.

3

Չէի՞ր լինում դու այնտեղ, երբ նա տալիս էր հրամանը։

Weren't you there when he was giving the order?

4

Նրանք գնում էին իրենց ճանապարհով՝ տալով օրինակ։

They were going their own way, setting an example.

Leicht verwechselbar

Irregular Imperfect Verbs: Exceptions to the Rule vs. Aorist vs Imperfect

Learners mix up completed vs ongoing actions.

Häufige Fehler

talum ei

talis ei

Tal is irregular.

gnum er

gnum ei

Subject-verb agreement error.

linel ei

linum ei

Using infinitive instead of stem.

talis er

talis er

Wait, this is actually correct, but often confused with 'tal er'.

Satzmuster

Ես ___ էի։

Real World Usage

Texting constant

Gnum ei xanut.

Job Interview common

Es gnum ei daseri.

Travel occasional

Gnum ei depi hyuranoc.

Food Delivery common

Talis ei hascen.

Social Media common

Linum ei lav vayrerum.

Storytelling very common

Gnum ei ev tesnum.

💡

Focus on the stem

Don't worry about the auxiliary, focus on the stem first.
⚠️

Tal is tricky

Always remember 'talis'.
🎯

Listen to natives

Listen for the 'ei' sound.
💬

Casual speech

Natives often drop the 'e' in 'ei'.

Smart Tips

Always check if the verb is GTL.

Talum ei. Talis ei.

Focus on the auxiliary.

Gnum. Gnum ei.

Look for the 'ei' ending.

Gnum. Gnum er.

Listen for the stem change.

Tal. Talis.

Aussprache

gnum-EI

Auxiliary stress

The stress usually falls on the auxiliary 'ei'.

Question

Gnum ei՞r? (rising pitch)

Inquiry

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Remember the 'G-T-L' trio: Go, Take (Give), Live (Be).

Visuelle Assoziation

Imagine a person walking (gnal) while giving (tal) a gift to someone who is (linel) standing there.

Rhyme

Gnal is gnum, Tal is talis, Linel is linum, don't be careless!

Story

Yesterday, I was going (gnum ei) to the store. I was giving (talis ei) money to the cashier. I was being (linum ei) very patient.

Word Web

GnumTalisLinumEiEirErEinqEiqEin

Herausforderung

Write 3 sentences about what you were doing yesterday using these three verbs.

Kulturelle Hinweise

In casual speech, 'ei' is often shortened.

Derived from Old Armenian participle structures.

Gesprächseinstiege

Երեկ ուր էիր գնում։

Tagebuch-Impulse

Describe your childhood routine.

Häufige Fehler

Incorrect

Richtig


Incorrect

Richtig


Incorrect

Richtig


Incorrect

Richtig

Test Yourself

Fill in the correct form.

Yes ___ ei (gnal).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Gnum is the correct stem.
Fix the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Yes talum ei.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Tal becomes talis.
Select the correct verb. Multiple Choice

___ ei (linel).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Linum is the stem.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

Arrange the words in the correct order:

All words placed

Click words above to build the sentence

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Subject-verb-auxiliary order.
Translate to Armenian. Übersetzung

I was going.

Answer starts with: a...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Gnum ei is past continuous.
Conjugate 'gnal' for 'menq'. Conjugation Drill

Menq ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Einq is for menq.
Match the verb to its stem. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Tal becomes talis.
Is this true? True False Rule

Linel is regular.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: b
Linel is irregular.

Score: /8

Ubungsaufgaben

8 exercises
Fill in the correct form.

Yes ___ ei (gnal).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Gnum is the correct stem.
Fix the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Yes talum ei.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Tal becomes talis.
Select the correct verb. Multiple Choice

___ ei (linel).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Linum is the stem.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

ei / gnum / Yes

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Subject-verb-auxiliary order.
Translate to Armenian. Übersetzung

I was going.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Gnum ei is past continuous.
Conjugate 'gnal' for 'menq'. Conjugation Drill

Menq ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Einq is for menq.
Match the verb to its stem. Match Pairs

Tal -> ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Tal becomes talis.
Is this true? True False Rule

Linel is regular.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: b
Linel is irregular.

Score: /8

FAQ (8)

It's a historical remnant.

No, it's incorrect.

Yes, in this tense.

Raise your pitch.

For past habits.

It's neutral.

These are the main ones.

Use the mnemonic.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

Spanish high

Imperfecto

Spanish conjugates the verb; Armenian uses an auxiliary.

French high

Imparfait

French uses synthetic endings.

German moderate

Präteritum

German uses strong/weak verb patterns.

Japanese partial

Te-form + ita

Japanese is agglutinative.

Arabic high

Kana + imperfect

Arabic has gender agreement.

Chinese low

Zai + verb

Chinese uses particles for aspect.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

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