均等 in 30 Sekunden
- 均等 (kintou) means equal, even, or uniform distribution.
- It emphasizes fairness and balance in amounts or degrees.
- Used for sharing resources, opportunities, or tasks equitably.
- Often functions as a な-adjective (均等な).
- Meaning
- The Japanese word 均等 (きんとう - kintou) is an adjective that means 'equal,' 'even,' or 'uniform' in terms of size, amount, or degree. It describes a state where things are distributed fairly or are exactly the same. It's often used in contexts where fairness, balance, and impartiality are important, or when describing something that is geometrically or quantitatively balanced.
- Usage
- You'll encounter 均等 frequently in discussions about distribution, allocation, and fairness. For instance, in economics, it might refer to the equal distribution of wealth. In social contexts, it can relate to equal opportunities or rights. In more practical terms, it can describe how resources are divided among people, how tasks are shared, or how elements in a design are arranged. The concept of 均等 is fundamental to many societal ideals and practical arrangements. It implies a lack of bias and a commitment to impartiality. When something is not 均等, it suggests an imbalance or inequality. The word carries a sense of order and justice, making it a valuable term for expressing concepts of fairness and equilibrium. It is a more formal and precise way of saying 'equal' or 'even' compared to simpler Japanese words, making it suitable for written language and formal speech. Think of it as describing a state of perfect balance or a deliberate effort to achieve such a state. It's used in various fields, from law and policy-making to everyday discussions about sharing and fairness. The core idea is that nothing is more or less than it should be, in terms of quantity or distribution. It’s a word that signifies a desirable state of equilibrium and fairness. It’s the opposite of ‘uneven’ or ‘disproportionate.’ In educational settings, it might refer to an equal distribution of resources or attention. In scientific contexts, it could describe uniform distribution of particles or properties. The emphasis is on the absence of disparity. It’s a key concept when discussing social justice, economic policies, and even the arrangement of objects for aesthetic or functional purposes. The word itself, with its characters, evokes a sense of balance and equality. The character 均 (kin) means 'equal' or 'uniform,' and 等 (tou) means 'level' or 'rank.' Together, they powerfully convey the idea of being on the same level or having equal standing.
When dividing the cake, make sure it is cut into 均等 pieces for everyone.
- Example Scenario
- Imagine a group of friends deciding how to share the cost of a meal. If they agree to split the bill 均等, it means each person pays the exact same amount, regardless of what they ordered. This highlights the fairness aspect of the word. In a classroom, if a teacher distributes pencils 均等 to all students, it means every student receives the same number of pencils, ensuring no one is left out or given more than others. This illustrates the practical application of uniform distribution. In design, if elements on a page are arranged with 均等 spacing, it means the gaps between them are all the same, creating a visually balanced and pleasing layout. This shows the aesthetic and functional use of the word. The concept is also relevant in discussions about social justice, where the goal might be to achieve 均等な機会 (kintou na kikai - equal opportunities) for all members of society. This emphasizes the ideal of a level playing field. Even in sports, if a team's players are equally skilled or if the playing field is 均等, it contributes to a fair competition. The idea of balance and impartiality is central to its meaning and application in various real-world situations.
The company decided to distribute the bonuses 均等 among all employees.
- Structure
- The word 均等 (きんとう - kintou) functions primarily as a な-adjective (na-adjective). This means it can be used in two main ways: directly before a noun, usually with the particle な, or predicatively at the end of a sentence, often with です (desu) or だ (da) for politeness and tense.
- Using 均等な before a Noun
- When 均等 modifies a noun directly, it describes that noun as being equal, even, or uniform. The structure is typically: 均等な + Noun. This is very common when talking about distribution, division, or arrangement.
We need to ensure 均等な distribution of resources.
- Using 均等 predicatively
- When used predicatively, 均等 describes the subject of the sentence as being in a state of equality or evenness. The structure is usually: Subject + は/が + 均等です/だ. This form emphasizes the quality of being equal or evenly distributed.
The shares were divided 均等.
- Contextual Nuances
- While 均等 means 'equal' or 'even,' it's often used when there's an active effort to achieve this state or when describing a naturally balanced situation. It's less about inherent sameness and more about a fair or ordered distribution. For example, if a teacher gives everyone the same amount of homework, it's 均等. If two siblings have the exact same number of toys by coincidence, you might also use 均等, but the word often implies a deliberate action or policy to ensure fairness. It's a more precise term than simple words like 'same' (同じ - onaji) when discussing distribution and balance. Consider its use in legal or economic contexts where precise language is important for clarity and fairness. The word carries a sense of impartiality and justice, making it a strong choice when discussing equitable arrangements. It's important to note that while 均等 implies equality, it doesn't necessarily mean identical. For instance, in a team, players might have different roles but contribute 均等 to the team's success, meaning their contributions are equally valuable or balanced in their impact. This highlights the nuanced application of the word beyond simple numerical equality. When discussing physical arrangements, 均等 can refer to even spacing or uniform proportions, contributing to visual harmony and balance.
The salary increase was 均等 for all departments.
- Formal Settings
- You'll frequently hear 均等 (きんとう - kintou) in formal discussions, particularly in news reports, academic lectures, and policy debates. For instance, when discussing economic policies, you might hear about 均等な所得分配 (kintou na shotoku bunpai - equal income distribution) or 均等な機会の提供 (kintou na kikai no teikyou - provision of equal opportunities). Legal documents and government announcements often use this term when referring to fair treatment and equitable distribution of resources or responsibilities. In business meetings, especially those involving corporate social responsibility or employee benefits, the concept of 均等 distribution of bonuses or resources might be brought up. The word lends a sense of seriousness and impartiality to these discussions. It’s a term that signifies a commitment to fairness and justice, often in a structured or regulated environment. Think about discussions related to taxation, social welfare programs, or labor rights; 均等 is a key concept in these areas.
- Educational Contexts
- In schools and universities, 均等 is used when discussing fairness in resource allocation, student treatment, or academic standards. For example, a school might strive for 均等な教育機会 (kintou na kyouiku kikai - equal educational opportunities) for all students. Teachers might talk about distributing learning materials or classroom tasks 均等. When discussing fairness in grading or assessments, the concept of 均等 evaluation might be mentioned. The word helps articulate the ideal of a level playing field in education, ensuring that all students have a fair chance to succeed based on their merit, not arbitrary factors. It’s also used in discussions about class sizes or teacher-student ratios, aiming for 均等 distribution of attention and resources. The term reinforces the principle of impartiality in the educational system.
The news reported on the government's plan for 均等な地域開発.
- Design and Art
- In fields like graphic design, architecture, or visual arts, 均等 is used to describe balanced compositions and uniform spacing. A designer might aim for 均等な余白 (kintou na yohaku - equal margins) or 均等な間隔 (kintou na kankaku - equal spacing) to create a sense of order and aesthetic appeal. When discussing layouts, the arrangement of elements is often described in terms of 均等 distribution. This ensures visual harmony and prevents any part of the design from feeling too crowded or too empty. The principle of 均等 contributes to a professional and well-executed final product. It's about achieving a pleasing symmetry or balance that is easily perceived by the viewer. Even in discussions about product design, the ergonomics and visual appeal might be judged by how 均等 the proportions are. The word is crucial for communicating precise design intentions related to balance and uniformity.
The architect ensured 均等な窓の配置.
- Everyday Conversations
- While less common in casual chat than words like 同じ (onaji - same), 均等 can appear when discussing fairness in sharing. For example, if friends are dividing chores or food, they might say something like, 「このお菓子、みんなに均等に配ってね。」 (Kono okashi, minna ni kintou ni kubatte ne. - Please distribute these sweets equally to everyone.) It implies a conscious effort to be fair. In family settings, parents might talk about dividing allowances or responsibilities 均等 among children. The word signifies a deliberate act of ensuring no one feels left out or unfairly treated. It's a more sophisticated way to express fairness in distribution compared to simpler terms. Even when discussing how a pizza is cut, if it's cut into equal slices, one might comment on the 均等な切り方 (kintou na kirikata - equal way of cutting). This shows its applicability even in mundane situations when precision and fairness are emphasized.
- Confusing with 同じ (onaji)
- A common mistake for learners is to overuse 同じ (onaji - same) when 均等 (きんとう - kintou) would be more appropriate, or vice versa. While both relate to similarity, 均等 specifically emphasizes equality in distribution, amount, or degree, often with a connotation of fairness or balance. 同じ is a more general term for 'same' and can refer to identical items, people, or situations without the implication of distribution or fairness. For example, if two friends wear the same shirt, you'd say it's 同じ shirt. But if they share a pizza into equal slices, that's 均等な分割 (kintou na bunkatsu). Using 同じ for distribution can sound imprecise or imply an accidental sameness rather than a deliberate equal share. Conversely, using 均等 when simply referring to two identical objects might sound overly formal or imply a distribution context that isn't present.
- Incorrect Particle Usage with な-Adjectives
- Since 均等 is a な-adjective, it requires the particle な when directly modifying a noun. Learners sometimes omit this particle, leading to grammatical errors. For instance, saying 均等 distribution instead of 均等な distribution is incorrect. The particle な acts as a connector, signaling that 均等 is describing the noun that follows. This is a fundamental rule for な-adjectives, and neglecting it can make sentences sound unnatural or ungrammatical. Always remember to include な between 均等 and the noun it modifies, unless 均等 is used predicatively at the end of the sentence.
Incorrect: 均等 distribution of wealth.
Correct: 均等な distribution of wealth.
- Overusing in Casual Speech
- While 均等 is a useful word, it's relatively formal. Using it in very casual, everyday conversations where a simpler word like 同じ (onaji) or しっかり (shikkari - firmly/properly) might suffice can sound stiff or overly academic. For instance, if you're just casually saying that two friends got the same amount of candy, saying 「二人は均等な量のお菓子をもらった」 (Futari wa kintou na ryou no okashi o moratta - The two people received an equal amount of candy) might be technically correct but sounds a bit too formal for a relaxed chat. In such situations, 「二人は同じ量のお菓子をもらった」 (Futari wa onaji ryou no okashi o moratta) is more natural. It's important to gauge the formality of the situation and choose the word that best fits the context and audience. 均等 is best reserved for situations where fairness, balance, and precise distribution are being emphasized.
- Misinterpreting 'Even'
- The English word 'even' can have multiple meanings, including 'flat,' 'level,' or 'smooth.' While 均等 can sometimes translate to 'even' in the sense of uniformity or balance, it does not mean 'flat' or 'level' in a physical sense. For example, if you say a road is 'even,' you might mean it's smooth and not bumpy. 均等 would not be used to describe this. If you're talking about a surface being level, you'd use words like 水平 (suihei). 均等 is specifically about equal distribution, amount, or degree. Confusing these meanings can lead to misapplication of the word. Always consider the specific nuance of 'even' in English and whether it aligns with the concept of equal distribution or fairness when deciding to use 均等.
- 均等 (kintou) vs. 同じ (onaji)
- 均等 (kintou): Emphasizes equality in distribution, amount, or degree; implies fairness or balance; often used for sharing resources, opportunities, or tasks. Can be a な-adjective.
同じ (onaji): A general term for 'same'; refers to identical items, people, or situations; lacks the specific implication of distribution or fairness.
Example:
均等: チームメンバーに仕事が均等に割り当てられた。(Chiimu menbaa ni shigoto ga kintou ni wariate rareta. - Work was equally assigned to team members.)
同じ: 彼は私と同じ服を着ていた。(Kare wa watashi to onaji fuku o kite ita. - He was wearing the same clothes as me.) - 均等 (kintou) vs. 公平 (kouhei)
- 均等 (kintou): Focuses on equal quantity, amount, or distribution; describes a state of being even or uniform.
公平 (kouhei): Emphasizes fairness and impartiality in treatment or judgment; relates to justice and righteousness. Can be a な-adjective.
Example:
均等: 遺産は子供たちの間で均等に分けられた。(Isan wa kodomotachi no aida de kintou ni wakerareta. - The inheritance was divided equally among the children.)
公平: 裁判官は公平な判断を下した。(Saibankan wa kouhei na handan o kudasita. - The judge made a fair judgment.)
Note: While often related, 均等 is about the *result* of equal distribution, while 公平 is about the *principle* of fairness in the process or judgment. - 均等 (kintou) vs. 平等 (byoudou)
- 均等 (kintou): Focuses on equal distribution or quantity; implies sameness in amount or size.
平等 (byoudou): Emphasizes equal rights, treatment, or status; focuses on the absence of discrimination. Can be a な-adjective.
Example:
均等: 彼は皆に均等な量の仕事を与えた。(Kare wa minna ni kintou na ryou no shigoto o ataeta. - He gave everyone an equal amount of work.)
平等: 性別による差別なく、すべての人に平等な機会が与えられるべきだ。(Seibetsu ni yoru sabetsu naku, subete no hito ni byoudou na kikai ga ataerareru beki da. - Everyone should be given equal opportunities without gender discrimination.)
Note: 平等 is about equal rights and opportunities, while 均等 is about equal amounts or distribution. You can have 平等 without 均等 (e.g., equal rights but unequal wealth) and vice versa (e.g., equal distribution of something undesirable). - 均等 (kintou) vs. 一様 (ichiyou)
- 均等 (kintou): Emphasizes equality in distribution, quantity, or degree; often implies fairness or balance.
一様 (ichiyou): Means 'uniform,' 'the same,' or 'alike' in appearance, quality, or manner; describes something that is consistent throughout. Can be a な-adjective.
Example:
均等: ケーキは均等に切り分けられた。(Keeki wa kintou ni kiriwakerareta. - The cake was cut into equal pieces.)
一様: 彼の態度は一日中一様だった。(Kare no taido wa ichinichijuu ichiyou datta. - His attitude was uniform throughout the day.)
Note: 一様 describes a consistent state, while 均等 focuses on the equal distribution or amount, often as a result of a deliberate action.
How Formal Is It?
Wusstest du?
The concept of 均等, or equal distribution, has been a philosophical and societal ideal in many cultures throughout history. In Japan, the emphasis on harmony (和 - wa) and fairness has made terms like 均等 highly valued in discussions about social structure and resource allocation. The visual representation of the characters themselves, with 均 suggesting a balance and 等 indicating a level, reinforces the meaning.
Aussprachehilfe
- Pronouncing 'to' too short, like 'toe' instead of 'toe'.
- Adding an unnecessary 'u' sound at the end.
- Incorrectly stressing the second syllable.
Schwierigkeitsgrad
The word 均等 itself is relatively straightforward in meaning, but its usage in complex sentences within academic or policy-related texts can increase reading difficulty. Understanding the nuances compared to similar words like 公平 or 平等 is also key.
Applying 均等 correctly, especially with the な particle, and choosing it over similar words requires careful consideration of context and nuance. Overuse or incorrect application can lead to grammatical errors or unnatural phrasing.
Using 均等 in spoken Japanese is generally manageable, especially in formal or semi-formal situations. Its pronunciation is not overly complex. The main challenge is selecting it appropriately over simpler alternatives like 同じ in casual conversation.
Recognizing 均等 when spoken is usually not difficult, especially in formal contexts. However, distinguishing its precise meaning from similar terms like 公平 or 平等 in rapid speech might require practice.
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Voraussetzungen
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Fortgeschritten
Wichtige Grammatik
な-Adjectives (Na-Adjectives)
均等 is a な-adjective. When it modifies a noun directly, it takes the particle な (e.g., 均等な機会 - kintou na kikai). When used predicatively, it doesn't need な (e.g., ケーキは均等です - Keeki wa kintou desu).
Adverbial Use of Adjectives
Many な-adjectives can function as adverbs by taking the particle に. For 均等, this becomes 均等に (kintou ni), meaning 'equally' or 'evenly' (e.g., 均等に分配する - kintou ni bunpai suru - to distribute equally).
Particles in Distribution
When talking about distribution, particles like を (o) for the object being distributed and に (ni) for the recipients are common. Example: 利益を従業員に均等に分配する (Rieki o juugyouin ni kintou ni bunpai suru - To distribute profits equally to employees).
Comparative Structures
While 均等 itself means equal, comparisons can be made using ～より均等 (yori kintou - more equal than) or ～ほど均等ではない (hodo kintou dewa nai - not as equal as). However, direct comparison of 'equality' is less common than comparing quantities or degrees.
Noun Modification with の
Sometimes, a noun can be followed by の to indicate a quality or characteristic. For 均等, you might see 量の均等 (ryou no kintou - equality of quantity), though 均等な量 is more common.
Beispiele nach Niveau
このお菓子をみんなに均等に分けてください。
Please divide these sweets equally among everyone.
均等 (kintou) used adverbially with に (ni) to describe how to divide.
二人は均等な量のご飯を食べた。
The two people ate an equal amount of rice.
均等な (kintou na) used as an adjective before 量 (ryou - amount).
席は均等に並んでいます。
The seats are arranged evenly.
均等 (kintou) used predicatively, describing the arrangement of seats.
みんなに均等なチャンスがあります。
Everyone has an equal chance.
均等な (kintou na) used as an adjective before チャンス (chansu - chance).
この箱は均等な大きさです。
This box is of equal size.
均等な (kintou na) used as an adjective before 大きさ (ookisa - size).
仕事は均等に分けましょう。
Let's divide the work equally.
均等に (kintou ni) used adverbially to describe the division of work.
均等な割合で分けました。
We divided it in equal proportions.
均等な (kintou na) used as an adjective before 割合 (wariai - proportion).
均等な間隔を保ってください。
Please maintain an equal distance.
均等な (kintou na) used as an adjective before 間隔 (kankaku - interval/distance).
この部屋の家具は均等に配置されています。
The furniture in this room is arranged evenly.
均等に (kintou ni) used adverbially to describe the arrangement.
寄付金は均等に配分されました。
The donations were distributed equally.
均等に (kintou ni) used adverbially for distribution.
私たちは均等な機会を求めている。
We are seeking equal opportunities.
均等な (kintou na) used as an adjective before 機会 (kikai - opportunity).
この生地は均等な厚さを持っている。
This fabric has an even thickness.
均等な (kintou na) used as an adjective before 厚さ (atsusa - thickness).
会議の参加者は均等な時間で発言した。
The meeting participants spoke for equal amounts of time.
均等な (kintou na) used as an adjective before 時間 (jikan - time).
給料は均等に支払われるべきだ。
Salaries should be paid equally.
均等に (kintou ni) used adverbially for payment.
均等な負荷分散が重要です。
Equal load balancing is important.
均等な (kintou na) used as an adjective before 負荷分散 (fuka bunsan - load balancing).
彼らは均等な立場で交渉した。
They negotiated from an equal footing.
均等な (kintou na) used as an adjective before 立場 (tachiba - position/standpoint).
資源の均等な配分は、持続可能な社会の鍵となる。
The equal distribution of resources is key to a sustainable society.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 配分 (haibun - distribution).
このプロジェクトでは、各メンバーに均等な責任が与えられました。
In this project, each member was given equal responsibility.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 責任 (sekinin - responsibility).
教育における均等な機会の提供は、社会の発展に不可欠です。
Providing equal opportunities in education is essential for societal development.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 機会 (kikai - opportunity).
彼は、すべての従業員に対して均等な扱いを心がけている。
He strives to treat all employees equally.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 扱い (atsukai - treatment).
この絵画は、色彩の均等な配置によって調和が保たれている。
This painting maintains harmony through the even placement of colors.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 配置 (haichi - placement).
税金は、所得に応じて均等に徴収されるべきだ。
Taxes should be collected equally based on income.
均等に (kintou ni) adverbially modifying 徴収される (choushuu sareru - to be collected).
均等な分散は、システムの安定性を高める。
Even distribution enhances system stability.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 分散 (bunsan - distribution).
その法律は、すべての市民に均等な権利を保障する。
That law guarantees equal rights for all citizens.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 権利 (kenri - rights).
経済成長の恩恵が社会全体に均等に行き渡るような政策が求められている。
Policies are sought that ensure the benefits of economic growth are evenly distributed throughout society.
均等に (kintou ni) adverbially modifying 行き渡る (ikowataru - to spread/reach).
この研究では、被験者への情報提供は均等に行われた。
In this research, information was provided equally to the subjects.
均等に (kintou ni) adverbially modifying 行われた (okonawareta - was performed/done).
均等な教育機会の確保は、社会格差是正の第一歩である。
Ensuring equal educational opportunities is the first step in correcting social disparities.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 機会 (kikai - opportunity).
議会での発言時間は、党派に関わらず均等に割り当てられるべきだ。
Speaking time in parliament should be allocated equally, regardless of party affiliation.
均等に (kintou ni) adverbially modifying 割り当てられる (wariate rareru - to be allocated).
均等なストレス分散が、構造物の耐久性を向上させる。
Even stress distribution improves the durability of structures.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 分散 (bunsan - distribution).
この地域では、水資源の均等な利用が課題となっている。
The equitable use of water resources is a challenge in this region.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 利用 (riyou - use/utilization).
均等な機会があれば、誰もがその能力を最大限に発揮できるだろう。
With equal opportunities, everyone can realize their full potential.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 機会 (kikai - opportunity).
環境負荷の均等な負担は、国際社会の共通目標である。
An equal burden of environmental impact is a common goal for the international community.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 負担 (futan - burden).
社会における不平等を是正するためには、まず均等な機会の提供から始める必要がある。
To correct inequality in society, we must first begin by providing equal opportunities.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 機会 (kikai - opportunity).
このアルゴリズムは、データセット全体にわたる均等な特徴抽出を保証する。
This algorithm ensures uniform feature extraction across the entire dataset.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 特徴抽出 (tokuchou chuushutsu - feature extraction).
均等な資産配分は、経済的安定を維持するための重要な要素である。
An equitable distribution of assets is a crucial factor in maintaining economic stability.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 資産配分 (shisan haibun - asset allocation).
文化的多様性を尊重しつつ、すべての文化遺産に対する均等な保護措置を講じることが求められる。
While respecting cultural diversity, it is required to take equal protective measures for all cultural heritage.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 保護措置 (hogo sochi - protective measures).
均等な監視は、プライバシー侵害のリスクを伴う可能性がある。
Uniform surveillance may carry the risk of privacy infringement.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 監視 (kanshi - surveillance).
企業は、従業員に対して均等な昇進機会を提供すべきである。
Companies should offer equal promotion opportunities to their employees.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 昇進機会 (shoushin kikai - promotion opportunities).
均等な情報アクセスは、民主主義社会の健全な機能に不可欠である。
Equal access to information is indispensable for the healthy functioning of a democratic society.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 情報アクセス (jouhou akusesu - information access).
均等な負担配分は、国際協力における信頼関係構築の基盤となる。
An equal distribution of burdens forms the foundation for building trust in international cooperation.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 負担配分 (futan haibun - burden sharing/distribution).
社会経済的地位に関わらず、すべての個人が均等な医療サービスを受けられる体制を構築することが急務である。
It is an urgent task to establish a system where all individuals can receive equitable medical services, regardless of their socioeconomic status.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 医療サービス (iryou saabisu - medical services).
均等な教育機会の提供は、潜在能力の開花を促し、社会全体のイノベーションを促進する。
The provision of equal educational opportunities fosters the blossoming of potential abilities and promotes innovation for society as a whole.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 教育機会 (kyouiku kikai - educational opportunities).
均等な情報アクセス権の保障は、現代社会における市民参加の質を左右する。
The guarantee of equal rights to information access influences the quality of citizen participation in modern society.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 情報アクセス権 (jouhou akusesu ken - right to information access).
均等な負担配分は、国際的な危機管理体制における信頼と協調の礎となる。
An equitable distribution of burdens becomes the cornerstone of trust and cooperation in international crisis management systems.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 負担配分 (futan haibun - burden distribution).
均等な法の下の平等は、自由で公正な社会の根幹をなすものである。
Equality under the law for all constitutes the very foundation of a free and just society.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 法の下の平等 (hou no shita no byoudou - equality under the law).
均等な資源配分は、貧困削減と持続可能な開発目標達成のための不可欠な前提条件である。
An equitable allocation of resources is an indispensable prerequisite for poverty reduction and the achievement of sustainable development goals.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 資源配分 (shigen haibun - resource allocation).
均等な政治参加の機会は、多元的な民主主義の健全性を維持するために不可欠である。
Equal opportunities for political participation are essential for maintaining the health of pluralistic democracy.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 政治参加の機会 (seiji sanka no kikai - opportunities for political participation).
均等な情報共有は、グローバルな課題解決における透明性と効率性を担保する。
Uniform information sharing ensures transparency and efficiency in global problem-solving.
均等な (kintou na) modifying 情報共有 (jouhou kyouyuu - information sharing).
Häufige Kollokationen
Häufige Phrasen
— To distribute something equally among people.
先生は生徒たちに均等に配りました。(Sensei wa seitotachi ni kintou ni kubarimashita. - The teacher distributed equally to the students.)
— To divide something into equal parts or shares.
このピザを均等に分けましょう。(Kono piza o kintou ni wakemashou. - Let's divide this pizza equally.)
— Equal opportunities.
すべての人に均等な機会が与えられるべきだ。(Subete no hito ni kintou na kikai ga ataerareru beki da. - Everyone should be given equal opportunities.)
— Equal burden or responsibility.
この作業の負担は均等にしましょう。(Kono sagyou no futan wa kintou ni shimashou. - Let's make the burden of this task equal.)
— An equal amount or quantity.
参加者には均等な量の資料が渡された。(Sankasha ni wa kintou na ryou no shiryou ga watasareta. - Participants were given an equal amount of materials.)
— Equal treatment.
お客様は皆、均等な扱いを受ける権利があります。(Okyakusama wa minna, kintou na atsukai o ukeru kenri ga arimasu. - All customers have the right to receive equal treatment.)
— Equal spacing or interval.
この棚には均等な間隔で本を並べてください。(Kono tana ni wa kintou na kankaku de hon o narabete kudasai. - Please arrange the books on this shelf with equal spacing.)
— Even or uniform placement.
デザインの要素を均等な配置にする。(Dezain no youso o kintou na haichi ni suru. - To make the design elements evenly placed.)
— Equal proportion or ratio.
材料を均等な割合で混ぜ合わせる。(Zairyou o kintou na wariai de mazeawaseru. - Mix the ingredients in equal proportions.)
— To pay equally.
家賃は均等に支払われます。(Yachin wa kintou ni shiharawaremasu. - The rent is paid equally.)
Wird oft verwechselt mit
While both mean 'same,' 均等 specifically implies equal distribution, fairness, or uniformity, whereas 同じ is a more general term for identical items or situations without that specific nuance.
均等 focuses on equal amounts or distribution, while 公平 focuses on fairness and impartiality in judgment or treatment. You can have equal distribution (均等) that isn't fair (公平), or fair treatment (公平) that doesn't involve equal distribution.
均等 relates to equal quantities or distribution, whereas 平等 relates to equal rights, status, or treatment. For example, everyone might have equal rights (平等), but their wealth distribution might not be equal (均等).
Redewendungen & Ausdrücke
— It is difficult to distinguish between the two (or among several) because they are of equal quality or merit. While not directly using 均等, it expresses a situation where things are so equal that a distinction is hard to make.
どちらの作品も甲乙つけがたいほど素晴らしい。(Dochira no sakuhin mo kōotsu tsukegatai hodo subarashii. - Both works are so wonderful that it's hard to tell which is better.)
— Lined up side-by-side; often used to describe a situation where everyone is doing the same thing or receiving the same treatment, without distinction. It implies a lack of differentiation, similar to 均等 in some contexts of social or economic situations.
皆が横並びで同じような給料をもらっている。(Mina ga yoko narabi de onaji you na kyuuryou o moratte iru. - Everyone is getting similar salaries, lined up side-by-side.)
— Fifty-fifty; an equal chance or split. This idiom directly implies an equal division or probability, similar to 均等 in the context of probability or sharing.
勝つか負けるか五分五分だ。(Katsu ka makeru ka gobu gobu da. - It's a fifty-fifty chance of winning or losing.)
— Equal, equivalent, or on the same level. While 均等 focuses on distribution, 同等 emphasizes equivalence in status, value, or capability.
彼は部下と同等の待遇を受けている。(Kare wa buka to doutou no taiguu o ukete iru. - He is receiving treatment equivalent to his subordinates.)
— One-on-one. In a competition or match, this implies an equal contest between two individuals.
決勝戦は一対一の熱い戦いになった。(Kesshousen wa itchi tai ichi no atsui tatakai ni natta. - The final match became a heated one-on-one battle.)
— There is no difference; they are the same. This directly states the absence of a gap, implying equality.
二人の実力に差がない。(Futari no jitsuryoku ni sa ga nai. - There is no difference in the abilities of the two.)
— Equally; in the same way. This is an adverbial form that implies equal treatment or distribution.
皆に等しく機会を与える。(Minna ni hitoshiku kikai o ataeru. - To give opportunities equally to everyone.)
— An equal position or standing. Similar to 均等な立場, it emphasizes being on the same level.
私たちは同等な立場で話し合うべきだ。(Watashitachi wa dōtō na tachiba de hanashia u beki da. - We should discuss from an equal standing.)
— An equal share or portion.
皆で均等な分け前を受け取った。(Mina de kintō na wakemae o uketotta. - Everyone received an equal share.)
— Impartial and selfless; acting without personal bias or favoritism. This emphasizes the principle behind 均等 distribution.
彼は公平無私な態度で物事を判断する。(Kare wa kōhei mushi na taido de monogoto o handan suru. - He judges matters with an impartial and selfless attitude.)
Leicht verwechselbar
Both words can translate to 'same' or 'equal' in some contexts.
均等 emphasizes equal distribution, amount, or degree, often with a connotation of fairness or balance. It's used when things are divided or shared equally. 同じ is a more general term for 'same' and refers to identical items, people, or situations without the specific implication of distribution or fairness. For instance, you'd say '同じ服' (onaji fuku - same clothes) but '均等な量' (kintou na ryou - equal amount) when sharing.
彼は私と同じ傘を持っていた。(He had the same umbrella as me.) vs. 彼は皆に均等な量の宿題を与えた。(He gave everyone an equal amount of homework.)
Both relate to fairness and impartiality.
均等 refers specifically to equal distribution, quantity, or degree. It's about things being the same in amount. 公平 refers to fairness and impartiality in treatment, judgment, or process. It's about acting without bias. For example, a lottery might have 均等な当選確率 (kintou na tousen kakuritsu - equal winning probabilities), but the draw itself needs to be 公平 (kouhei - fair) to be just.
試合は均等なルールで行われたが、審判の判定は公平ではなかった。(The match was conducted with equal rules, but the referee's judgment was not fair.)
Both words convey a sense of equality.
均等 deals with equal distribution of quantifiable things like amounts, resources, or tasks. It's about being the same in quantity. 平等 deals with equal rights, status, or treatment, focusing on the absence of discrimination. For example, all citizens may have 平等な権利 (byoudou na kenri - equal rights), but the distribution of wealth might not be 均等 (kintou).
すべての子供たちに均等な教育機会を与えることは、平等な社会の実現に不可欠だ。(Providing equal educational opportunities for all children is essential for realizing an equal society.)
Both words can mean 'uniform' or 'the same'.
均等 emphasizes equal distribution or amount among different entities, often implying fairness. It's about dividing things into equal parts. 一律 means uniform or the same 'across the board,' applying consistently to all cases without variation. It describes a consistent rule or standard applied universally, not necessarily focused on distribution. For example, 一律料金 (ichiritsu ryoukin - uniform fee) means the fee is the same for everyone, regardless of specifics, while 均等な料金 (kintou na ryoukin) would imply the fee is divided equally or is the same for each person.
この会社では、社員全員に一律の研修が行われる。(In this company, uniform training is given to all employees.) vs. 利益は社員に均等に分配される。(Profits are distributed equally to employees.)
Both words suggest sameness or uniformity.
均等 refers to equal distribution or amount among multiple items or people, emphasizing fairness in division. 均一 means uniform or homogeneous, describing a single entity or substance that is consistent throughout in quality, texture, or appearance. For example, 均一な厚さ (kin'itsu na atsusa - uniform thickness) describes a material, while 均等な量 (kintou na ryou - equal amount) describes portions of something shared.
この生地は均一な厚さだ。(This fabric has a uniform thickness.) vs. ケーキは均等な大きさに切られた。(The cake was cut into equal sizes.)
Satzmuster
Noun + は + 均等です。
お菓子は均等です。(Okashi wa kintou desu. - The sweets are equal.)
均等な + Noun
均等な量。(Kintou na ryou. - Equal amount.)
Noun + を + 均等に + Verb
仕事を均等に分けます。(Shigoto o kintou ni wakemasu. - I will divide the work equally.)
Noun + は + 均等に + Verb
資源は均等に配られます。(Shigen wa kintou ni kubararemasu. - Resources are distributed equally.)
Noun + は + 均等な + Noun + です。
これは均等な機会です。(Kore wa kintou na kikai desu. - This is an equal opportunity.)
Noun + を + 均等に + Verb (potential/volitional form)
利益を均等に分けましょう。(Rieki o kintou ni wakemashou. - Let's divide the profits equally.)
Noun + における + 均等な + Noun
教育における均等な機会。(Kyouiku ni okeru kintou na kikai. - Equal opportunities in education.)
Noun + は + 均等な + Noun + として + Verb
この政策は均等な負担として受け入れられた。(Kono seisaku wa kintou na futan toshite ukeirerareta. - This policy was accepted as an equal burden.)
Wortfamilie
Substantive
Adjektive
Verwandt
So verwendest du es
Medium-High
-
Using 均等 instead of 同じ for identical items.
→
Using 同じ (onaji) for identical items.
均等 emphasizes equal distribution or fairness, while 同じ simply means 'same' or 'identical.' If two people have the exact same model of phone, they have the 'same' phones (同じ), not necessarily 'equally distributed' phones (均等).
-
Forgetting the な particle when 均等 modifies a noun.
→
Using 均等な before a noun.
As a な-adjective, 均等 requires the particle な when directly preceding a noun. Forgetting this makes the sentence grammatically incorrect. For example, '均等な機会' (kintou na kikai) is correct, while '均等機会' is not.
-
Confusing 均等 with 平等 (byoudou) or 公平 (kouhei).
→
Using the appropriate word based on context: 均等 for equal amounts/distribution, 平等 for equal rights/status, 公平 for fairness/impartiality.
While related, these words have distinct meanings. 均等 is about equal quantity or distribution. 平等 is about equal rights and lack of discrimination. 公平 is about acting without bias. For instance, equal pay (均等賃金) is a form of equal opportunity (平等な機会) achieved through fair practices (公平な評価).
-
Using 均等 in overly casual conversation.
→
Using simpler terms like 同じ (onaji) or しっかり (shikkari) in very casual settings.
均等 is a relatively formal word. While acceptable in many situations, in very casual chat, it might sound stiff. For example, saying 'お菓子を均等に分けて' (okashi o kintou ni wakete - divide the sweets equally) is fine, but in a very relaxed setting, 'お菓子、みんなに同じように分けてね' (okashi, minna ni onaji you ni wakete ne - sweets, divide them the same way for everyone) might be more natural.
-
Translating 'even' literally without considering the nuance of distribution.
→
Understanding that 'even' when translated to 均等 implies equal distribution or uniformity among multiple items or people.
The English word 'even' has various meanings (e.g., flat, smooth, or level). 均等 specifically refers to the 'evenness' of distribution, amount, or degree. Saying a road is 'even' (smooth) would not use 均等; it would use words like 滑らか (nameraka - smooth) or 平坦 (heitan - flat).
Tipps
な-Adjective Usage
Remember that 均等 is a な-adjective. Use 均等な before a noun (e.g., 均等な量) and 均等です/だ at the end of a sentence (e.g., ケーキは均等です).
Stress and Elongation
Pronounce 均等 with the stress on the first syllable (KIN-tou) and make sure to elongate the final 'o' sound in 'tou'.
Emphasis on Fairness
While 均等 means 'equal,' it often carries an implication of fairness and balance, especially when discussing the distribution of resources, opportunities, or tasks.
Visual Associations
Visualize a perfectly balanced scale or a cake cut into identical slices to remember the meaning of 均等.
Sentence Building
Create your own sentences using 均等 in various contexts, such as sharing food, dividing tasks, or discussing equal opportunities. This will help solidify your understanding.
Cultural Value
Understand that the concept of 均等 aligns with Japanese cultural values of harmony (和 - wa) and fairness (公平 - kouhei).
Distinguishing from Similar Words
Actively practice comparing 均等 with 同じ, 公平, and 平等. Create example sentences that highlight their differences.
Real-World Examples
Look for examples of 均等 in news articles, official documents, or discussions about economics and social policy to see how it's used in practice.
Beyond Simple Equality
Recognize that 均等 doesn't always mean 'exactly identical.' It can refer to equal value, contribution, or opportunity, even if the forms are different.
Einprägen
Eselsbrücke
Imagine a baker dividing a cake (ケーキ - keeki). To make it 均等 (きんとう), he uses a ruler (定規 - jougi) to ensure each slice is the same size. The 'kin' sound can remind you of 'king's' share, which should be equal, and 'tou' sounds like 'toe', meaning everyone gets an equal number of 'toes' (metaphorically) from the cake.
Visuelle Assoziation
Picture a perfectly balanced scale, with equal weights on both sides. Or imagine a grid of identical squares, representing uniformity and equal spacing. The kanji 均 itself visually suggests balance, with the 'rain' radical (雨) on top of 'equal' (匀).
Word Web
Herausforderung
Try to explain the concept of 均等 to someone who doesn't know Japanese, using only gestures and simple English words. Focus on demonstrating the idea of equal sharing or arrangement.
Wortherkunft
The word 均等 (きんとう) is a Sino-Japanese word, meaning it was borrowed from Chinese. The characters themselves have clear meanings that contribute to the overall sense of the word.
Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: In Chinese, 均 (jūn) means 'equal,' 'level,' or 'uniform,' and 等 (děng) means 'level,' 'rank,' or 'degree.' Together, they form a compound word that literally means 'equal level' or 'uniform degree.'
Sino-Xenic (borrowed from Chinese)Kultureller Kontext
When discussing 均等, be mindful of the context. While it signifies fairness, 'equal' in all situations might not always be appropriate or desired. For example, in some cases, differentiating based on need (e.g., welfare) might be considered more just than strict equality. However, 均等 remains a core principle for baseline fairness.
In English-speaking contexts, 'equal,' 'even,' and 'uniform' are common translations. The nuance of fairness and deliberate distribution is key to understanding 均等.
Im Alltag üben
Kontexte aus dem Alltag
Distributing resources, money, or food among a group.
- 均等に分ける (kintou ni wakeru)
- 均等な量 (kintou na ryou)
- 均等に配る (kintou ni kubaru)
Discussing fairness in opportunities, rights, or treatment.
- 均等な機会 (kintou na kikai)
- 均等な扱い (kintou na atsukai)
- 機会均等 (kikai kintou)
Arranging items or elements with equal spacing or proportions.
- 均等な間隔 (kintou na kankaku)
- 均等な配置 (kintou na haichi)
- 均等に並べる (kintou ni naraberu)
Economic or social policy discussions about equality.
- 均等な所得分配 (kintou na shotoku bunpai)
- 均等な負担 (kintou na futan)
- 均等な政策 (kintou na seisaku)
Describing uniform quality or consistency.
- 均等な厚さ (kintou na atsusa)
- 均等な品質 (kintou na hinshitsu)
- 均等な状態 (kintou na joutai)
Gesprächseinstiege
"How do you think we can ensure everyone gets an equal opportunity in this project?"
"When sharing snacks, do you prefer to divide them equally or let people take what they want?"
"What are your thoughts on equal pay for equal work? Is it always achievable?"
"In your country, how are resources typically distributed among citizens? Is it considered equitable?"
"When designing something, how important is it for elements to be placed at equal intervals or have uniform spacing?"
Tagebuch-Impulse
Reflect on a time you experienced or witnessed truly equal distribution of something important. What was the impact?
Describe a situation where fairness was compromised due to unequal distribution. How did it make you feel?
Imagine you are designing a new system for allocating tasks in a team. How would you ensure the workload is distributed equally?
Write about the importance of equal opportunities in education or career advancement. What are the challenges in achieving this?
Consider the concept of 'uniformity' in art or design. Does it always lead to a pleasing aesthetic, or can it be monotonous?
Häufig gestellte Fragen
10 FragenWhile both can relate to sameness, 均等 specifically emphasizes equal distribution, amount, or degree, often with a connotation of fairness or balance. It's used when things are divided or shared equally. 同じ is a more general term for 'same' and refers to identical items, people, or situations without the specific implication of distribution or fairness. For example, if two people wear the same shirt, it's 同じ服 (onaji fuku). If they share a pizza into equal slices, that's 均等に分ける (kintou ni wakeru).
均等な is used as a な-adjective to directly modify a noun, meaning 'equal' or 'even.' For example, 均等な機会 (kintou na kikai - equal opportunities). 均等に is used as an adverb to describe how an action is performed, meaning 'equally' or 'evenly.' For example, 均等に分配する (kintou ni bunpai suru - to distribute equally).
While 均等 often implies fairness and balance, its core meaning is about equal distribution or uniformity in amount or degree. It can be used in purely descriptive contexts, such as describing the even spacing of objects, without necessarily implying a moral judgment of fairness. However, in social and economic contexts, it is strongly associated with fairness and equity.
Yes, absolutely. 均等 is frequently used with abstract nouns like 機会 (kikai - opportunity), 権利 (kenri - rights), and 待遇 (taiguu - treatment) to express the idea of equal access or fair consideration. For example, 均等な機会 (kintou na kikai - equal opportunities) is a very common phrase.
They are related but distinct. 均等 focuses on equal quantities or distribution. 平等 focuses on equal rights, status, or treatment, meaning no discrimination. 公平 focuses on fairness and impartiality in judgment or process. You can have equal distribution (均等) that isn't fair (公平), or equal rights (平等) without equal distribution (均等).
It's more common in semi-formal and formal settings than in very casual chat. In casual conversation, people might use simpler words like 同じ (onaji - same) or しっかり (shikkari - properly/firmly) when the context is less about precise distribution and more about general sameness. However, when discussing sharing or fairness, 均等 is perfectly natural.
Common collocations include 均等に分配する (kintou ni bunpai suru - to distribute equally), 均等な機会 (kintou na kikai - equal opportunities), 均等な量 (kintou na ryou - equal amount), 均等な扱い (kintou na atsukai - equal treatment), and 均等に分ける (kintou ni wakeru - to divide equally).
Generally, no. 均等 is a positive term associated with fairness and balance. However, in some very specific contexts, an overemphasis on strict equality (均等) without considering individual needs might be seen as lacking nuance or true fairness, but this is a complex societal debate rather than a negative connotation of the word itself.
It is pronounced 'kin-tou'. The stress is on the first syllable: KIN-tou. The 'to' sound is elongated, like in the English word 'toe'.
Yes. It can describe things arranged with equal spacing or proportions, contributing to visual balance. For example, 均等な間隔 (kintou na kankaku - equal spacing) or 均等な配置 (kintou na haichi - even placement).
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Summary
均等 (kintou) signifies a state of equality, evenness, or uniformity, particularly in distribution, amount, or degree. It's crucial for conveying fairness and balance, whether in sharing resources, assigning tasks, or ensuring equal opportunities. Remember its grammatical function as a な-adjective, requiring な when modifying a noun directly.
- 均等 (kintou) means equal, even, or uniform distribution.
- It emphasizes fairness and balance in amounts or degrees.
- Used for sharing resources, opportunities, or tasks equitably.
- Often functions as a な-adjective (均等な).
な-Adjective Usage
Remember that 均等 is a な-adjective. Use 均等な before a noun (e.g., 均等な量) and 均等です/だ at the end of a sentence (e.g., ケーキは均等です).
Context is Key
Pay attention to the context to distinguish 均等 from similar words like 同じ (onaji), 公平 (kouhei), and 平等 (byoudou). 均等 specifically refers to equal distribution, amount, or degree.
Stress and Elongation
Pronounce 均等 with the stress on the first syllable (KIN-tou) and make sure to elongate the final 'o' sound in 'tou'.
Emphasis on Fairness
While 均等 means 'equal,' it often carries an implication of fairness and balance, especially when discussing the distribution of resources, opportunities, or tasks.
Beispiel
利益を均等に分配する。
Verwandte Inhalte
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