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A2 adjective Neutral #4,500 am häufigsten 2 Min. Lesezeit

기혼이다

gihonida /ki.hon.i.da/
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Overview

The Korean word '기혼이다' (gihonida) is a descriptive verb that means 'to be married.' It is composed of the noun '기혼' (gihon), which means 'married (person)' or 'marriage,' and the copula '이다' (ida), which functions as 'to be' or 'is/are' in English. This combination directly translates to 'is married.'

'기혼이다' is commonly used to state a person's marital status. It's a straightforward and direct way to express that someone is married. For instance, if you want to say 'I am married,' you would say '저는 기혼입니다' (jeoneun gihonimnida). The '-ㅂ니다/-습니다' ending is a formal declarative suffix used in polite speech.

While '기혼이다' specifically refers to the state of being married, it can be contrasted with '미혼이다' (mihonida), which means 'to be single' or 'unmarried.' '미혼' (mihon) means 'unmarried person' or 'singleness.'

It's important to note that '기혼이다' describes a state or a fact. It's not typically used to describe the act of getting married, for which different verbs like '결혼하다' (gyeolhonhada - to marry/to get married) would be used. '결혼하다' is an action verb, whereas '기혼이다' is a descriptive verb.

Here are some examples of how '기혼이다' can be used:

  • '그녀는 기혼입니다.' (Geunyeoneun gihonimnida.) - 'She is married.'
  • '저의 부모님은 기혼이세요.' (Jeoui bumonimeun gihoniseoyo.) - 'My parents are married.' (Here, '-세요' is an honorific ending, indicating respect for the parents.)
  • '이 서류에 기혼 여부를 표시해주세요.' (I seoryue gihon yeobureul pyosihhaejuseyo.) - 'Please indicate your marital status (married or not) on this document.'

In formal contexts, like surveys or official documents, you might see '기혼' (married) as a checkbox option alongside '미혼' (single/unmarried) and '이혼' (divorced) or '사별' (widowed). Understanding '기혼이다' is fundamental for discussing personal information and marital status in Korean.

Beispiele

1

그녀는 기혼이다.

기혼 여부 질문에 대한 답변

She is married.

2

저는 기혼입니다.

자신이 기혼임을 밝힐 때

I am married.

3

선생님께서는 기혼이십니까?

상대방의 기혼 여부를 정중하게 물을 때

Are you married, teacher?

4

그분은 기혼자이십니다.

제3자가 기혼임을 표현할 때

That person is a married person.

5

저희 부모님은 기혼이십니다.

자신의 부모님이 기혼임을 밝힐 때

My parents are married.

Häufige Kollokationen

기혼 여성
기혼 남성
기혼자
기혼 부부

Wird oft verwechselt mit

기혼이다 vs. 미혼이다

Refers to being unmarried, whereas '기혼이다' refers to being married.

Grammatikmuster

기혼입니다 (formal polite) 기혼이에요 (informal polite) 기혼이다 (plain/dictionary form)

So verwendest du es

Nutzungshinweise

'기혼이다' (gihon-ida) is a descriptive term used to state someone's marital status as 'married.' It's a formal and straightforward way to express this. You would typically use this when filling out forms, providing personal information, or in formal conversations where marital status is relevant. For example, in a survey or a job application, you might see a box asking for marital status, and '기혼' (gihon) would be the option for married. In casual conversation, while '기혼이다' is understood, people might use more indirect phrasing or simply refer to their spouse. For instance, instead of saying '저는 기혼입니다' (Jeoneun gihon-imnida - I am married), one might say '저는 결혼했어요' (Jeoneun gyeolhonhaesseoyo - I got married/I am married), which implies the same status but uses a verb form indicating the act of getting married. The base form '기혼' can also be used as a noun, as in '기혼 여성' (gihon yeoseong - married woman) or '기혼 남성' (gihon namseong - married man).

Häufige Fehler

A common mistake for learners is confusing '기혼이다' (gihonida, to be married) with '미혼이다' (mihonida, to be unmarried). The key difference is the first character: '기' (gi) indicates something that has already happened or been completed (like marriage), while '미' (mi) indicates something that has not yet happened or is uncompleted (like not being married yet). Another mistake can be trying to use '결혼하다' (gyeolhonhada, to marry/get married) in situations where '기혼이다' is more appropriate. '결혼하다' is an action verb describing the act of getting married, whereas '기혼이다' is a descriptive verb indicating a state of being married. For example, you would say '저는 결혼했어요' (jeoneun gyeolhonhaesseoyo, I got married) to describe the event, but '저는 기혼입니다' (jeoneun gihonimnida, I am married) to state your current marital status.

Tipps

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Usage of '기혼이다'

'기혼이다' (gihon-ida) directly translates to 'to be married' in Korean. It is a declarative statement used to state one's marital status. It is often used in formal contexts or when filling out official documents, but can also be used in casual conversation. For example, when asked about your marital status, you can simply say '네, 기혼입니다' (Ne, gihon-imnida) which means 'Yes, I am married.' The respectful form '기혼이십니다' (gihon-isimnida) can be used when referring to someone else respectfully, such as in an interview or formal introduction. Conversely, '미혼이다' (mihon-ida) means 'to be unmarried' or 'single'.

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Politeness levels

Korean language has different politeness levels. '기혼이다' is the basic, informal form. For more polite or formal situations, you would use '기혼입니다' (gihon-imnida) or '기혼이십니다' (gihon-isimnida). '기혼입니다' is a standard polite form, often used when speaking to someone you don't know well or someone older. '기혼이십니다' is an honorific form, used when speaking about someone who deserves high respect, like an elder or a superior. Using the incorrect politeness level can be seen as rude or awkward, so it's important to choose the appropriate form based on the context and your relationship with the person you are speaking to.

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Contextual examples

1. **Formal context (job application):** '결혼 여부: 기혼' (Gyeolhon yeobu: gihon) - Marital status: Married. 2. **Casual conversation:** '철수 씨는 기혼이에요?' (Cheolsu ssineun gihon-ieyo?) - 'Is Cheolsu married?' '네, 기혼이에요.' (Ne, gihon-ieyo.) - 'Yes, he is married.' 3. **Polite conversation:** '선생님은 기혼이신가요?' (Seonsaengnim-eun gihon-isingayo?) - 'Are you married, teacher?' '네, 기혼입니다.' (Ne, gihon-imnida.) - 'Yes, I am married.' 4. **When describing someone else respectfully:** '저분은 기혼이십니다.' (Jeobun-eun gihon-isimnida.) - 'That person is married.' (referring to someone with respect).

Wortherkunft

The Korean word '기혼이다' (gihonida) meaning 'to be married' is composed of two main parts: '기혼' (gihon) and '이다' (ida). '기혼' (gihon) is a Sino-Korean word, meaning 'married'. It is derived from Chinese characters: * '旣' (gi): This character means 'already', 'since', or 'formerly'. It indicates a state that has already occurred or been established. * '婚' (hon): This character means 'marriage', 'wedding', or 'to marry'. It refers to the institution or act of marriage. So, '기혼' literally translates to 'already married'. '이다' (ida) is a Korean copula verb, equivalent to 'to be' in English. It attaches to nouns and pronouns to indicate identity or state. In this case, when attached to '기혼', it forms the descriptive predicate '기혼이다', meaning 'is married' or 'to be married'. The structure of the word reflects a common linguistic pattern in Korean where a Sino-Korean noun or adjectival stem is combined with a native Korean verb or copula to form a complete predicate. This particular construction emphasizes the established state of being married. The use of '기혼' (gihon) as a formal or official term for 'married' is prevalent in documents, forms, and more formal conversations, distinguishing it from more colloquial expressions related to marriage. In summary, '기혼이다' is a compound derived from a Chinese root meaning 'already married' combined with the native Korean copula 'to be', perfectly conveying the meaning of 'to be in a married state'.

Kultureller Kontext

In South Korea, marriage (결혼, gyeolhon) is a significant life event with deep cultural roots. While societal norms are evolving, traditional values still place importance on marriage and family formation. The term '기혼이다' (gihon-ida) literally translates to 'to be married' or 'is married.' For individuals, being married often entails a shift in social roles and responsibilities, particularly for women, though this is changing with more dual-income households. There's often a societal expectation to marry and have children, and marital status can influence social interactions and perceptions. For example, older unmarried individuals might face questions about their marital status from family members or even acquaintances. The concept of 'family' (가족, gajok) is central, and marriage is seen as the foundation of a new family unit.

Merkhilfe

The '기' in '기혼이다' (gihonida) sounds a bit like the English word 'key'. You can think of it as holding the 'key' to a married life. The '혼' part sounds like 'hone', as in a 'honeymoon'. So, 'key' + 'hone' = 'married'.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

4 Fragen

기혼이다는 '결혼을 한 상태이다'라는 의미를 가지고 있습니다. 미혼의 반대말로, 법적으로나 사회적으로 결혼 관계에 있는 사람을 지칭할 때 사용합니다. 예를 들어, '저는 기혼입니다'라고 하면 '저는 결혼했습니다'라는 뜻이 됩니다. 이 표현은 주로 자신의 결혼 여부를 설명할 때 쓰이며, 때로는 다른 사람의 결혼 상태를 언급할 때도 사용됩니다.

기혼이다는 주로 설문조사에서 결혼 여부를 묻거나, 서류 작성 시 혼인 상태를 기재해야 할 때 사용됩니다. 또한, 대화 중에 자신의 가족 관계나 사회적 지위를 설명하면서 결혼했음을 밝힐 때도 쓰입니다. 예를 들어, 새로운 사람들과의 만남에서 자신의 배우자가 있음을 알릴 때 '저는 기혼입니다'라고 말할 수 있습니다. 이는 개인의 사회적 상황을 명확히 전달하는 데 도움이 됩니다.

기혼이다와 관련된 표현으로는 '미혼' (결혼하지 않은 상태), '이혼' (결혼 관계를 해소한 상태), '사별' (배우자와의 관계가 죽음으로 인해 끝난 상태) 등이 있습니다. 이 외에도 '유부남' (결혼한 남자), '유부녀' (결혼한 여자)와 같은 표현들도 기혼 상태를 나타낼 때 사용될 수 있습니다. 각 표현은 상황과 뉘앙스에 따라 적절하게 선택하여 사용됩니다.

한국 사회에서 기혼은 단순히 결혼 여부를 넘어 사회적인 책임감과 성숙함을 나타내는 지표로 여겨지기도 합니다. 가족을 이루고 있다는 의미가 강하며, 이는 사회 구성원으로서의 역할과 기여를 기대하는 시각으로 이어질 수 있습니다. 물론 현대 사회에서는 개인의 선택과 다양성이 존중되지만, 전통적으로는 결혼이 개인의 삶에서 중요한 전환점으로 인식되어 왔습니다.

Teste dich selbst

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저는 미혼이에요. 제 동생은 ___입니다.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
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그녀는 어제 결혼해서 이제 ___이 되었습니다.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
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___ 여부는 개인 정보이므로 함부로 묻지 않는 것이 좋습니다.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:

Ergebnis: /3

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