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A2 verb 10 Min. Lesezeit

madurar

Beispiele madurar in 30 Sekunden
Erklärung madurar in your Level:
At the A1 level, you can think of madurar as a word for fruit. Imagine you have a green banana. You cannot eat it yet because it is hard and not sweet. You have to wait. When the banana becomes yellow and soft, it has finished the process of madurar. At this stage, you only need to know that it means 'to get ready' for fruit. You might see it on a sign at a market or hear a teacher talk about plants. It is a simple 'action' that happens over time. Just remember: Green -> Time -> Madurar -> Yellow/Red/Sweet. You don't need to worry about the grammar too much, just recognize that it is about nature growing. In simple sentences: 'A maçã vai madurar' (The apple will ripen). 'A uva madura no sol' (The grape ripens in the sun). It is a slow word for a slow process.
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At the A2 level, you start to see that madurar isn't just for apples and oranges. It can also be for people, though amadurecer is more common. You can use it to describe how someone changes as they get older. If a child stops crying over small things and starts to act more like an adult, you can say they are starting to madurar. You will also use it in the past tense to say something is ready. 'A fruta madurou' (The fruit ripened). You should learn the basic conjugation: 'eu maduro', 'ele madura', 'nós maduramos'. It's a regular verb, so it's easy to remember. You might hear it in songs or read it in simple stories. It's a useful word to describe the 'why' behind things changing—not just that they changed, but that they became better or more complete.
By B1, you should understand the difference between madurar and amadurecer. You'll notice that madurar feels a bit more formal or specific to nature. You can use it to talk about plans and ideas. If you have a business idea, it might be 'verde' (green/unripe) at first. You need to let the idea madurar in your head before you tell your boss. This metaphorical use is very common in professional and creative settings. You should also be comfortable using it in different tenses, like the future ('vai madurar') or the conditional ('maduraria'). You might encounter it in news articles about agriculture or in discussions about personal development. It's a word that adds a layer of sophistication to your descriptions of growth.
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At B2, you are expected to use madurar with precision. You understand its technical use in industries like winemaking (enologia) or cheese production. You know that 'maturação' (the noun) is a key part of these processes. You can use the verb to discuss complex social or political changes. For example, 'A democracia precisa de tempo para madurar em um país novo' (Democracy needs time to mature in a new country). You also recognize that madurar can be used to avoid repeating 'amadurecer' in a long text, showing a wider range of vocabulary. You understand the poetic nuance—that madurar sounds a bit more 'organic' and 'earthy' than other verbs for change. You can handle the reflexive or passive-like structures often used with this verb in literary contexts.
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At the C1 level, madurar becomes a tool for stylistic expression. You use it to evoke specific registers. You might choose it in a formal essay to sound more academic or in a poem to create a specific rhythm. You understand its etymological roots in Latin maturare and how it relates to other words like 'maturo' (mature) and 'maturidade' (maturity). You can discuss the nuances between 'madurar' and 'maturar', knowing that the latter is often more technical or archaic. You are comfortable using it in the subjunctive mood to express doubt or hope: 'Espero que as tuas ideias madurem logo' (I hope your ideas mature soon). You can also spot when a speaker is using it regionally, perhaps identifying a northern Portuguese or a rural Brazilian influence. Your use of the word is no longer just about 'ripening' but about the philosophical concept of reaching a peak state.
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At C2, your mastery of madurar is complete. You recognize its presence in the most dense literary works, from Camões to Saramago. You understand how it can be used ironically or sarcastically—for example, saying someone 'madurou demais' to imply they have become cynical or 'rotten'. You can engage in deep linguistic discussions about why 'amadurecer' became the dominant form while madurar remained in the periphery. You use it with total confidence in specialized fields, such as discussing the 'maduração' of financial bonds or the long-term 'madurar' of a cultural movement. You can appreciate the subtle difference in 'mouthfeel' between the two words in a spoken sentence. For you, madurar is not just a verb; it's a reflection of the Portuguese language's history and its ability to hold onto multiple ways of describing the same fundamental human and natural experience.
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Beispiele

madurar in 30 Sekunden

  • Madurar means to ripen or mature, covering both literal fruit and metaphorical growth.
  • It is a regular -ar verb, synonymous with the more frequent 'amadurecer'.
  • Commonly used in rural contexts, literature, and technical fields like winemaking.
  • It signifies reaching a state of readiness, wisdom, or peak quality over time.

The Portuguese verb madurar is a fascinating entry in the lexicon, primarily because it sits at the intersection of biological processes and metaphorical growth. At its core, to madurar means to ripen or to reach a state of full development. While in modern, everyday Portuguese, you will more frequently encounter its cousin amadurecer, the word madurar remains a perfectly valid, albeit slightly more literary or regional, alternative that carries a sense of natural progression and the inevitable passage of time.

Biological Context
In the world of botany and agriculture, madurar describes the chemical and physical changes a fruit or seed undergoes to become edible and ready for dispersal. This includes the conversion of starches to sugars, the softening of cell walls, and the development of vibrant colors. When a farmer says the grapes need to madurar, they are referring to the accumulation of brix (sugar levels) necessary for a good vintage.

As maçãs começaram a madurar sob o sol forte de agosto, mudando do verde pálido para um vermelho profundo.

Psychological Context
Beyond the orchard, madurar applies to the human experience. It refers to the process of gaining wisdom, emotional stability, and intellectual depth. A young person might madurar after traveling abroad or facing a significant life challenge. Here, the word suggests a hardening of character and a softening of impulsivity, much like the fruit that loses its bitterness as it ripens.

Ele precisou de alguns anos para madurar as suas ideias antes de publicar o seu primeiro romance.

Culinary and Technical Use
In culinary arts, specifically regarding cheese, wine, or cured meats, madurar refers to the aging process. It is the controlled environment where enzymes and bacteria transform the texture and flavor profile of the product. A cheese that is left to madurar for twelve months will have a significantly more complex and sharp taste than a fresh one.

O queijo deve madurar em uma cave fresca e úmida para desenvolver o seu aroma característico.

Deixe a decisão madurar durante a noite; não tome escolhas precipitadas.

Ultimately, using madurar signals a nuanced understanding of growth. It is not just about getting older; it is about getting better, more complete, and more ready for one's purpose. Whether it is a peach on a tree or a strategy in a boardroom, the process of madurar is the journey from potential to realization. In poetry, this word is often used to evoke the golden hues of autumn or the sunset of a long, well-lived life, emphasizing the beauty found in the final stages of a cycle.

Using madurar correctly requires understanding its role as both an intransitive verb (where the subject undergoes the change) and occasionally a transitive verb (though less common than amadurecer in this regard). It follows the regular conjugation patterns for verbs ending in -ar, making it relatively straightforward for learners to apply across different tenses. Below, we explore the various syntactic environments where madurar thrives.

The Intransitive Growth
The most common usage is when the subject is the thing becoming mature. The focus is on the internal process. For example, 'As uvas maduram' (The grapes ripen). Here, no external agent is explicitly acting upon the grapes; it is a natural progression. This structure is ideal for describing biological cycles or the natural evolution of a situation.

Com o passar dos anos, o seu talento para a pintura começou a madurar.

The Figurative Maturation
When applying madurar to abstract concepts like ideas, plans, or feelings, the verb suggests a period of incubation. It implies that the concept is not yet ready for implementation and needs more thought or 'time on the vine'. You might say, 'O projeto precisa madurar' (The project needs to mature/be thought through more).

A amizade entre eles teve tempo para madurar antes de se tornar um romance.

Conditional and Future States
Because maturation is a process that takes time, madurar is frequently used in the future tense or with auxiliary verbs like ir (to go) or poder (can/may). This highlights the expectation of change. 'Se o sol continuar a brilhar, os figos madurarão rapidamente' (If the sun keeps shining, the figs will ripen quickly).

Esperamos que este vinho possa madurar por mais cinco anos na garrafa.

When using madurar in the past tense (Pretérito Perfeito), it signifies that the process has reached its conclusion. 'O plano madurou' indicates that the plan is now fully formed and ready for action. Conversely, the Pretérito Imperfeito ('madurava') would describe the ongoing process in the past, often setting the scene for another action. Understanding these temporal nuances allows you to describe growth with precision, moving beyond simple adjectives like 'velho' (old) or 'pronto' (ready).

The distribution of madurar in the Lusophone world is a subject of linguistic interest. While it is less frequent than amadurecer, it is far from extinct. Knowing where you are likely to encounter it will help you calibrate your listening skills and decide when it is appropriate to use it yourself.

Regional and Rural Dialects
In the northern regions of Portugal and in the rural heartlands of Brazil (such as Minas Gerais or the Northeast), madurar is often used interchangeably with amadurecer. Farmers and people closely connected to the land use it naturally when discussing crops. If you are visiting a local market in a small village, you might hear a vendor say, 'Deixe as bananas madurarem fora da geladeira' (Let the bananas ripen outside the fridge).

No interior, é comum ouvir que o milho ainda precisa madurar antes da colheita.

Literature and Poetry
Authors often choose madurar for its rhythmic quality and its slightly archaic, elevated feel. It evokes a sense of timelessness. In a poem, madurar might describe the ripening of a soul or the deepening of a sunset. It sounds more poetic than the more clinical or common amadurecer. If you are reading the works of Eça de Queirós or Fernando Pessoa, keep an eye out for this variant.

O poeta via o tempo madurar as mágoas transformando-as em versos.

Specialized Industries
In the wine and cheese industries, madurar (and the related noun maduração) are technical terms. Winemakers discuss the period in which the wine must madurar in oak barrels to achieve the desired tannin structure. In this context, it isn't just a synonym for aging; it specifically refers to the biological and chemical maturation process.

O enólogo explicou que o vinho tinto deve madurar em barricas de carvalho francês.

In summary, while you might not hear madurar in a high-speed conversation in a Lisbon subway station, you will certainly hear it in the quiet patience of a vineyard, the descriptive prose of a novel, or the traditional speech of the countryside. It is a word of the earth and of the slow, steady progress of life.

Because madurar has a very common synonym (amadurecer) and a direct cognate in Spanish, learners often stumble when deciding how and when to use it. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Portuguese sound more natural and precise.

Overuse in Urban Settings
One of the most frequent mistakes is using madurar in a context where it sounds too formal or 'old-fashioned'. If you are telling a friend that they need to grow up after an argument, saying 'Você precisa madurar' might sound a bit like a character from a 19th-century play. In modern conversational Portuguese, 'Você precisa amadurecer' is the standard and more natural choice.

Erro comum: 'O meu irmão precisa madurar.' (Soa um pouco formal demais para o dia a dia).

Confusing with 'Maturar'
There is another verb, maturar, which is almost identical. In fact, madurar and maturar are often considered synonyms, but maturar is even more technical and rare. In some contexts, maturar is used specifically for the process of suppuration (forming pus in a wound), which you definitely don't want to confuse with fruit ripening! Stick to madurar for fruit and personal growth to be safe.

Cuidado: Use madurar para processos naturais e 'amadurecer' para o uso geral.

The Spanish Interference
For those who speak Spanish, the temptation to use madurar exclusively is strong because it is the only word for 'ripen/mature' in Spanish. However, in Portuguese, the prefix a- in amadurecer is the dominant form. Using madurar constantly will mark you as a Spanish speaker trying to speak Portuguese (Portunhol) rather than a native-level speaker.

Não diga: 'Eu maduro as frutas.' Diga: 'Eu deixo as frutas madurarem.'

To avoid these mistakes, think of madurar as a 'flavor' word. Use it when you want to sound poetic, when you are talking about technical aging (like wine), or when you are in a rural setting. For everything else—from fruit in the kitchen to children growing up—default to amadurecer. This strategy will ensure your Portuguese sounds authentic and well-adjusted to the social context.

The semantic field of 'growth' and 'ripening' in Portuguese is rich. While madurar is our focus, understanding its neighbors will give you a more flexible vocabulary.

Amadurecer
The most common synonym. It is used for fruit, people, ideas, and situations. If in doubt, use this. It carries the exact same meaning as madurar but is the standard form in modern Portuguese across all dialects.
Sazonar
Often used for seasoning food, but in a literary sense, it can mean to ripen or to bring to a state of perfection. It implies a seasoning of time. 'Um espírito sazonado pela experiência' (A spirit seasoned/matured by experience).
Evoluir
To evolve. While madurar implies reaching a fixed point of 'readiness', evoluir suggests a continuous process of change and improvement. Use this for technology, species, or personal skills.

Comparação: As frutas maduram (ficam prontas), mas a tecnologia evolui (muda para melhor).

Envelhecer
To grow old. Unlike madurar, which is positive (becoming better/ready), envelhecer is neutral or sometimes negative, referring simply to the passage of time and the physical effects of aging. You can envelhecer without ever amadurecer!

O vinho madura para atingir a perfeição; o homem apenas envelhece se não aprender nada.

Choosing between these words depends on the 'vibe' you want to project. Use madurar for a touch of elegance or technical precision. Use amadurecer for daily clarity. Use sazonar for poetic depth. By mastering these distinctions, you move from just 'speaking' Portuguese to 'crafting' it.

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Beispiele nach Niveau

1

A banana vai madurar na mesa.

The banana will ripen on the table.

Future with 'ir' + infinitive.

2

O sol ajuda a fruta a madurar.

The sun helps the fruit to ripen.

Verb 'ajudar' followed by 'a' + infinitive.

3

As uvas maduram no verão.

The grapes ripen in the summer.

Present tense, 3rd person plural.

4

A maçã madura é doce.

The ripe apple is sweet.

Here 'madura' is an adjective derived from the verb.

5

Eu espero a pera madurar.

I wait for the pear to ripen.

Verb 'esperar' followed by infinitive.

6

O tomate madura rápido.

The tomato ripens fast.

Adverb 'rápido' modifying the verb.

7

As laranjas não maduram no frio.

Oranges do not ripen in the cold.

Negative sentence with 'não'.

8

Quando a fruta vai madurar?

When will the fruit ripen?

Interrogative sentence.

1

Ele começou a madurar depois da viagem.

He started to mature after the trip.

Pretérito Perfeito of 'começar' + infinitive.

2

As crianças maduram em ritmos diferentes.

Children mature at different rates.

Present tense plural.

3

O queijo precisa madurar por um mês.

The cheese needs to mature for a month.

Verb 'precisar' + infinitive.

4

Nós maduramos com os nossos erros.

We mature with our mistakes.

Present tense, 1st person plural.

5

O plano madurou na minha cabeça.

The plan matured in my head.

Metaphorical use in the past tense.

6

Você acha que ele vai madurar um dia?

Do you think he will mature one day?

Future construction with 'ir'.

7

A fruta madurou cedo este ano.

The fruit ripened early this year.

Past tense with adverb 'cedo'.

8

Eles maduraram muito durante o curso.

They matured a lot during the course.

Pretérito Perfeito plural.

1

É necessário deixar o projeto madurar antes da reunião.

It is necessary to let the project mature before the meeting.

Impersonal expression 'é necessário' + infinitive.

2

A ideia madurava enquanto eu caminhava no parque.

The idea was maturing while I was walking in the park.

Pretérito Imperfeito indicating ongoing action.

3

Se o vinho madurar bem, será premiado.

If the wine matures well, it will be awarded.

Future Subjunctive 'madurar' in a conditional clause.

4

Ela madurou as suas opiniões políticas com o tempo.

She matured her political opinions over time.

Transitive use of the verb.

5

O mercado ainda não madurou para este produto.

The market hasn't matured for this product yet.

Present Perfect equivalent in Portuguese.

6

Precisamos de tempo para madurar esta decisão difícil.

We need time to mature this difficult decision.

Infinitive after 'para'.

7

Os frutos do trabalho demoram a madurar.

The fruits of labor take time to ripen.

Metaphorical plural subject.

8

Embora seja jovem, ele já madurou bastante.

Although he is young, he has already matured quite a bit.

Concessive clause with 'embora'.

1

A paciência é a chave para deixar a alma madurar.

Patience is the key to letting the soul mature.

Philosophical use of the verb.

2

O enólogo monitora como as uvas maduram na videira.

The enologist monitors how the grapes ripen on the vine.

Complex subject and indirect question.

3

A situação política madurou até chegar a uma crise.

The political situation matured until it reached a crisis.

Describing the culmination of a process.

4

Certos queijos maduram melhor em cavernas naturais.

Certain cheeses mature better in natural caves.

Adverbial comparison 'melhor'.

5

Ele deixou a raiva madurar em silêncio antes de falar.

He let the anger mature in silence before speaking.

Abstract transitive use.

6

É um erro colher o fruto antes de ele madurar.

It is a mistake to pick the fruit before it ripens.

Preposition 'antes de' + personal infinitive.

7

As condições para a revolução maduraram rapidamente.

The conditions for the revolution matured quickly.

Historical/Sociological context.

8

O talento dela madurou sob a tutela do mestre.

Her talent matured under the master's tutelage.

Prepositional phrase 'sob a tutela'.

1

A obra do autor madurou, afastando-se do sentimentalismo inicial.

The author's work matured, moving away from initial sentimentalism.

Gerundial clause 'afastando-se' explaining the maturation.

2

Oxalá as negociações madurem e tragam a paz desejada.

May the negotiations mature and bring the desired peace.

Present Subjunctive after the archaic 'oxalá'.

3

O tempo é o agente que faz as mágoas madurarem em sabedoria.

Time is the agent that makes sorrows mature into wisdom.

Causative structure 'faz... madurarem'.

4

A tecnologia de IA ainda precisa madurar para ser totalmente ética.

AI technology still needs to mature to be fully ethical.

Technical/Modern context.

5

Vimos o movimento social madurar de um protesto para um partido.

We saw the social movement mature from a protest into a party.

Verb of perception 'vimos' + infinitive.

6

Não convém apressar o que a natureza deve madurar a seu tempo.

It is not wise to rush what nature must ripen in its own time.

Relative clause 'o que' and modal 'deve'.

7

A sua escrita madurou, adquirindo uma densidade quase palpável.

His writing matured, acquiring an almost palpable density.

Literary register.

8

O investimento levará anos a madurar antes de dar lucro.

The investment will take years to mature before yielding profit.

Financial metaphor.

1

A perquirição filosófica exige que o pensamento madure no ócio.

Philosophical inquiry requires that thought matures in leisure.

Subjunctive mood after 'exigir'.

2

Naquela região, o termo 'madurar' persiste como um arcaísmo vivo.

In that region, the term 'madurar' persists as a living archaism.

Metalinguistic use of the word.

3

O crepúsculo da vida é quando os frutos da alma finalmente maduram.

The twilight of life is when the fruits of the soul finally ripen.

Highly metaphorical/Poetic.

4

Houve quem criticasse o filme por não deixar o conflito madurar.

There were those who criticized the film for not letting the conflict mature.

Personal infinitive after 'por não deixar'.

5

O sistema jurídico deve madurar para abarcar as novas realidades digitais.

The legal system must mature to encompass new digital realities.

Formal/Legal context.

6

A amizade, quando madura no respeito, torna-se indestrutível.

Friendship, when it matures in respect, becomes indestructible.

Temporal clause with 'quando'.

7

A maturação do estilo literário é um processo que não se pode apressar.

The maturation of literary style is a process that cannot be rushed.

Passive 'se' construction.

8

As uvas, fustigadas pelo vento, maduraram com um sabor mais intenso.

The grapes, lashed by the wind, ripened with a more intense flavor.

Participle 'fustigadas' as an adjective.

Häufige Kollokationen

deixar madurar
madurar ao sol
tempo para madurar
madurar ideias
madurar no pé
madurar precocemente
esperar madurar
madurar lentamente
madurar na garrafa
precisar madurar

Häufige Phrasen

Fruta que madura cedo, apodrece logo.

— Things that develop too quickly might not last long. A warning against rushing.

Não tenha pressa no trabalho; fruta que madura cedo, apodrece logo.

Deixar a ideia madurar.

— To give something more thought before making a decision.

Vou dormir sobre o assunto para deixar a ideia madurar.

Ainda está verde.

— Related concept: something is not yet 'maduro' (ripe/mature).

O seu plano ainda está verde, precisa madurar.

Madurar com o tempo.

— The natural process of gaining wisdom through age.

Todos nós maduramos com o tempo e com as perdas.

Maduro para a colheita.

— Ready to be taken or implemented.

O projeto está maduro para a colheita dos resultados.

Madurar à força.

— To be forced to grow up or ripen artificially.

Ele teve que madurar à força após a morte do pai.

Saber madurar.

— To have the patience to wait for the right moment.

Saber madurar é uma virtude dos sábios.

Madurar no escuro.

— To develop away from public view or without light.

Algumas frutas maduram melhor no escuro.

Fazer madurar.

— To cause something to ripen or develop.

O calor faz o trigo madurar.

Madurar o espírito.

— To develop one's inner self or soul.

A leitura ajuda a madurar o espírito.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"Cair de maduro"

— When something is so obvious or ready that it happens naturally without effort.

A vitória dele caiu de maduro, ele era o melhor.

Informal
"Estar no ponto"

— To be at the perfect stage of maturation.

Este queijo já está no ponto.

Neutral
"Passar do ponto"

— To go beyond maturity into being overrip

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