Do you know what a 农民 (nóngmín) is? Well, a 农民 is a farmer! They are people who work on farms, growing food and raising animals. It's a very important job because farmers provide us with the food we eat every day. So, next time you see a farm, think about the hardworking 农民!
农民 in 30 Sekunden
- farmer
- agriculture
- cultivator
§ What does it mean and when do people use it?
The Chinese word for farmer is 农民 (nóngmín). This is a foundational vocabulary word you'll encounter often, especially when discussing agriculture, rural life, or historical contexts in China. At its core, 农民 refers to someone who works in agriculture, cultivating land or raising livestock. It's a straightforward term, much like 'farmer' in English, but it carries a significant cultural and historical weight in China.
When people use 农民, they are typically referring to individuals who live in rural areas and whose primary livelihood comes from farming. This can range from small-scale subsistence farmers to those involved in larger agricultural operations. It's a broad term that encompasses many different types of agricultural workers.
You'll hear 农民 used in various contexts. For instance, when talking about the backbone of China's food production, you'd refer to 农民. When discussing rural development or the challenges faced by people in the countryside, 农民 will be a key term. It's also frequently used in historical discussions about land reform, social structures, and economic changes in China, where the peasant class played a crucial role.
- DEFINITION
- 农民 (nóngmín): farmer, peasant
Let's look at some examples to help you understand its usage better:
中国有很多农民。(Zhōngguó yǒu hěn duō nóngmín.)
- Translation Hint: China has many farmers.
This simple sentence shows you how to state the existence of farmers. It's a common phrase you might use when describing the population or workforce of China.
他是一个勤劳的农民。(Tā shì yī gè qínláo de nóngmín.)
- Translation Hint: He is a hardworking farmer.
Here, 勤劳 (qínláo) means hardworking. You can use adjectives like this to describe farmers, just as you would in English.
农民们正在田里工作。(Nóngmínmen zhèngzài tián lǐ gōngzuò.)
- Translation Hint: The farmers are working in the field.
This example shows 农民 used in the plural with '们' (men), and illustrates a common activity associated with farmers: working in the fields (田里 gōngzuò).
Understanding 农民 is crucial for anyone learning Chinese, as it unlocks discussions about a significant portion of China's population and its history. It's not just a word; it's a window into the country's rural fabric and agricultural heritage.
So, when you hear or read 农民, think of someone connected to the land, producing food, and contributing to the agricultural sector. It's a word that directly links to the basics of human sustenance and the history of civilization in China.
§ Understanding 农民 (nóngmín)
- DEFINITION
- 农民 (nóngmín) refers to a farmer or peasant. It's a noun.
When you're talking about someone who works in agriculture, especially in a traditional sense, 农民 is the word you'll use. It's quite straightforward, but let's look at how to use it properly in sentences.
§ Basic Sentence Structures
You can use 农民 just like you would use 'farmer' or 'peasant' in English. It often acts as the subject or object of a sentence.
他是一个农民。
- HINT
- He is a farmer.
很多农民住在农村。
- HINT
- Many farmers live in the countryside.
§ Using 农民 with Descriptive Adjectives
You can easily add adjectives before 农民 to describe the type of farmer.
他们是勤劳的农民。
- HINT
- They are hardworking farmers.
The structure is generally: Adjective + 的 + 农民.
§ 农民 as Part of a Noun Phrase
You'll also see 农民 used to describe things associated with farmers, often without '的' if it forms a common compound noun, or with '的' for possession.
Directly modifying a noun (less common, but possible for some compound ideas):
农民生活不容易。
- HINT
- Farmer's life is not easy. (Here, 农民生活 acts like 'farm life' or 'the life of farmers')
With 的 for possession:
这是那个农民的土地。
- HINT
- This is that farmer's land.
§ Prepositions with 农民
农民 typically doesn't directly take prepositions in the same way English does, but you'll see it in phrases that indicate location, activity, or connection.
Expressing 'from' a farmer (or about a farmer):
我从一个农民那里买了一些新鲜蔬菜。
- HINT
- I bought some fresh vegetables from a farmer.
Talking about farmers doing something (using verbs that include location/direction):
农民在田里工作。
- HINT
- Farmers work in the fields.
§ Common Phrases and Usage Notes
Here are a few more ways you'll encounter 农民 in real-world Chinese:
农民工 (nóngmíngōng): This is a very common term for migrant workers, often from rural areas, who work in cities. It literally combines 农民 (farmer) with 工 (worker).
很多农民工回乡过年。
- HINT
- Many migrant workers return home for Chinese New Year.
The plural form: In Chinese, you usually don't need to add anything special to make a noun plural. The context or quantifiers tell you if it's singular or plural.
这些农民很友善。
- HINT
- These farmers are very friendly.
Keep practicing with these examples, and you'll get comfortable using 农民 in no time!
§ Similar words and when to use this one vs alternatives
Alright, let's talk about 农民 (nóngmín) and how it stacks up against some related terms. It’s pretty straightforward once you get the hang of it.
- DEFINITION
- 农民 (nóngmín) means farmer or peasant. It refers to someone who works in agriculture, typically on a farm.
This is the most common and neutral term for someone who farms the land. You can use it in almost any context when you mean 'farmer'.
我爷爷以前是农民。
Translation hint: My grandpa used to be a farmer.
Now, let's look at some other words you might encounter and why 农民 is usually your best bet.
农夫 (nóngfū): This also means farmer. It's a bit more literary or poetic than 农民. Think of it as 'husbandman' in English. While not wrong, it's less common in everyday conversation. You'd find it more in older texts or sometimes in descriptions that romanticize farming life.
那个农夫在田里劳作。
Translation hint: That farmer is working in the field.
农人 (nóngrén): This term is very similar to 农夫 and also means farmer. It's also less common than 农民 and carries a slightly more traditional or regional feel. Again, not incorrect, but not your default choice for 'farmer'.
很多农人都希望有好收成。
Translation hint: Many farmers hope for a good harvest.
庄稼人 (zhuāngjiārén): This term literally means 'crop person' and is a more colloquial and sometimes affectionate way to refer to a farmer, particularly in rural areas. It emphasizes the connection to the crops and land. While it means farmer, it has a more folksy feel.
我们村的庄稼人都很勤劳。
Translation hint: The farmers (literally 'crop people') in our village are all very diligent.
To summarize, when you need to say 'farmer' in Chinese, 农民 is your go-to word. It's clear, common, and appropriate for nearly all situations. The other terms are good to know for comprehension, but for active use, stick with 农民.
You'll hear and read 农民 frequently, whether in news, everyday conversation, or even in history books. It’s a foundational term for understanding a significant part of Chinese society and history.
Wusstest du?
In ancient China, the vast majority of the population were farmers, and agriculture was the foundation of the economy and society.
Wichtige Grammatik
Nouns can be combined with numbers and classifiers to specify quantity. For '农民', common classifiers include '位 (wèi)' for polite reference to people, or '个 (gè)' for general counting.
三位农民 (sān wèi nóngmín) - three farmers (polite) 一个农民 (yī gè nóngmín) - one farmer (general)
Nouns can be modified by adjectives. The adjective usually comes before the noun.
勤劳的农民 (qínláo de nóngmín) - hardworking farmer 老农民 (lǎo nóngmín) - old farmer
Nouns can be the subject or object of a sentence. As a subject, it performs the action. As an object, it receives the action.
农民种地。 (nóngmín zhòngdì) - Farmers plant crops. (Subject) 他帮助农民。 (tā bāngzhù nóngmín) - He helps farmers. (Object)
The possessive particle '的 (de)' can be used to show possession with nouns.
农民的房子 (nóngmín de fángzi) - the farmer's house 农民的生活 (nóngmín de shēnghuó) - the farmer's life
Nouns can be part of compound words or phrases to create new meanings.
农民工 (nóngmín gōng) - migrant worker (literally: farmer worker) 农民起义 (nóngmín qǐyì) - peasant uprising
Beispiele nach Niveau
他从小在农村长大，后来成了一名农民。
He grew up in the countryside from a young age and later became a farmer.
从小 (cóngxiǎo) means 'from childhood'; 后来 (hòulái) means 'later'.
这个村子里大多数人都是农民，靠种植庄稼为生。
Most people in this village are farmers, relying on cultivating crops for a living.
大多数 (dàduōshù) means 'most'; 靠...为生 (kào...wéishēng) means 'rely on...for a living'.
政府出台了许多政策来帮助农民增加收入。
The government introduced many policies to help farmers increase their income.
出台 (chūtái) means 'to introduce/publish'; 增加 (zēngjiā) means 'to increase'.
虽然生活辛苦，但农民们对土地有着深厚的感情。
Although life is hard, farmers have deep feelings for the land.
虽然...但... (suīrán...dàn...) means 'although...but...'; 深厚 (shēnhòu) means 'deep/profound'.
许多年轻的农民开始学习新技术来提高农业生产效率。
Many young farmers are starting to learn new technologies to improve agricultural production efficiency.
开始 (kāishǐ) means 'to start'; 提高 (tígāo) means 'to improve'.
农民伯伯们辛勤劳作，为我们提供了丰富的粮食。
Farmers work diligently, providing us with abundant food.
伯伯 (bóbo) is an affectionate term for an older man; 辛勤 (xīnqín) means 'hardworking/industrious'.
在古代，农民是中国社会最重要的组成部分。
In ancient times, farmers were the most important part of Chinese society.
古代 (gǔdài) means 'ancient times'; 组成部分 (zǔchéng bùfen) means 'component/part'.
他梦想着有一天能成为一个成功的农民，拥有自己的农场。
He dreams of one day becoming a successful farmer and owning his own farm.
梦想 (mèngxiǎng) means 'to dream'; 拥有 (yǒngyǒu) means 'to possess/own'.
他出生在一个农民家庭，从小就学会了农活。
He was born into a farmer's family and learned farm work from a young age.
这位农民用传统方法种植有机蔬菜。
This farmer grows organic vegetables using traditional methods.
政府正在努力提高农民的生活水平。
The government is working to improve the living standards of farmers.
许多年轻农民选择回到家乡发展农业。
Many young farmers choose to return to their hometowns to develop agriculture.
这个地区的农民主要种植水稻和小麦。
Farmers in this region mainly grow rice and wheat.
通过辛勤劳动，这位农民过上了富裕的生活。
Through hard work, this farmer achieved a prosperous life.
农民是我们社会的重要组成部分，为我们提供食物。
Farmers are an important part of our society, providing us with food.
他的梦想是成为一名现代化的农民，利用科技提高产量。
His dream is to become a modern farmer, using technology to increase yields.
土地流转政策的实施，为农民带来了新的发展机遇，但也伴随着一些挑战，如何在确保农民利益的同时，提高农业生产效率，是当前需要深入探讨的问题。
The implementation of land transfer policies has brought new development opportunities for farmers, but also challenges. How to ensure farmers' interests while improving agricultural production efficiency is a question that needs in-depth discussion.
Emphasis on complex policy implications and a nuanced discussion of benefits vs. challenges.
这位老农民一生都在与土地打交道，他的经验不仅体现在耕作技术上，更在于他对自然规律的深刻理解和对传统农耕文化的传承。
This old farmer has spent his life working with the land. His experience is not only in farming techniques, but also in his deep understanding of natural laws and the inheritance of traditional agricultural culture.
Focus on the depth of experience and cultural transmission, going beyond simple actions.
在精准扶贫战略的指引下，许多贫困地区的农民通过发展特色产业，成功摆脱了贫困，这充分证明了政策的有效性和农民的内生动力。
Under the guidance of the targeted poverty alleviation strategy, many farmers in impoverished areas have successfully escaped poverty by developing characteristic industries. This fully demonstrates the effectiveness of the policy and the internal motivation of the farmers.
Discussion of a complex policy (精准扶贫) and its multi-faceted impact.
全球气候变化对农业生产造成了巨大影响，农民们不得不调整种植结构，学习新的抗旱抗涝技术，以适应不断变化的环境。
Global climate change has had a huge impact on agricultural production. Farmers have to adjust their planting structures and learn new drought-resistant and flood-resistant technologies to adapt to the ever-changing environment.
Discussing a global issue and its direct impact, requiring sophisticated vocabulary like '抗旱抗涝'.
随着城镇化进程的加速，许多年轻农民选择进城务工，导致农村劳动力短缺，这促使农业机械化和规模化经营成为必然趋势。
With the acceleration of urbanization, many young farmers choose to work in cities, leading to a shortage of rural labor. This has made agricultural mechanization and large-scale operation an inevitable trend.
Analyzing socio-economic trends and their consequences in the agricultural sector.
这位农民企业家凭借敏锐的市场洞察力，将当地的农产品加工成附加值更高的产品，不仅增加了收入，也带动了周边农民共同致富。
This farmer entrepreneur, with his keen market insight, processed local agricultural products into higher value-added products, which not only increased his income but also led surrounding farmers to prosperity.
Demonstrating business acumen and economic impact, using terms like '附加值' and '致富'.
尽管现代化农业技术不断推广，但许多农民仍然坚持使用传统农法，他们认为这不仅能保护生态环境，也能生产出更健康、更具风味的农产品。
Although modern agricultural technologies are constantly being promoted, many farmers still insist on using traditional farming methods. They believe that this can not only protect the ecological environment but also produce healthier and more flavorful agricultural products.
Presenting a contrasting viewpoint and discussing environmental and quality aspects.
在乡村振兴战略中，农民的主体地位得到了充分强调，鼓励他们积极参与乡村规划和建设，共同描绘美丽乡村的宏伟蓝图。
In the rural revitalization strategy, the principal role of farmers has been fully emphasized, encouraging them to actively participate in rural planning and construction, and jointly draw a grand blueprint for beautiful villages.
Focus on a national strategy (乡村振兴) and the active role of farmers within it, using formal and aspirational language.
So verwendest du es
农民 (nóngmín) is a general term for a farmer. It can refer to anyone who works in agriculture, from small family farms to large-scale operations. It's a common and neutral term.
You'll often hear 农民 used when talking about rural populations or agricultural policies. For example, 中国的农民 (Zhōngguó de nóngmín) - Chinese farmers, or 农民工 (nóngmíngōng) - migrant workers (often from rural areas who work in cities).
Don't confuse 农民 with 农夫 (nóngfū). While 农夫 also means farmer, it has a slightly more traditional or even rustic connotation, sometimes used in stories or to describe farmers in a historical context. 农民 is the more common and general term in modern spoken and written Chinese.
Avoid using 农民 with a negative connotation. In English, 'peasant' can sometimes have a derogatory meaning. In Chinese, 农民 is generally a respectful and descriptive term for someone who works in agriculture. It doesn't inherently carry a negative social status.
Wortherkunft
The character '农' (nóng) originally depicted a plowing tool or agricultural implements. The character '民' (mín) means people or populace.
Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: '农' (nóng) referred to agriculture or farming, and '民' (mín) referred to people. So, '农民' literally means 'farming people'.
Sino-Tibetan, Chinese, SiniticKultureller Kontext
<p>In Chinese culture, farmers have traditionally held a very important position. They are seen as the backbone of the country, providing food and sustenance for everyone. There's a strong respect for those who work the land, and farming is often associated with hard work, resilience, and a close connection to nature.</p><p>Historically, the prosperity of a nation was often directly tied to the success of its agricultural output, and farmers were revered for their essential role. Even today, despite significant urbanization, the legacy of farmers and their contributions to Chinese society remains a deeply ingrained cultural value.</p>
Teste dich selbst 66 Fragen
他是一个___。(He is a farmer.)
The sentence is asking 'He is a…' and '农民' means 'farmer'.
很多___在田里工作。(Many farmers work in the fields.)
The context 'work in the fields' suggests 'farmers'.
我的爷爷是一个老___。(My grandfather is an old farmer.)
The sentence describes someone who is 'old' and the context implies a profession related to agriculture, making '农民' the correct choice.
他们都是___。(They are all farmers.)
The sentence states 'They are all...' and '农民' means 'farmers'.
这个村子里有很多___。(There are many farmers in this village.)
Villages often have farmers, so '农民' fits the context.
她的父母是___。(Her parents are farmers.)
The sentence is about someone's parents' profession, and '农民' means 'farmers'.
Write a short sentence saying 'He is a farmer.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
他是一个农民。
Write a sentence saying 'My dad is a farmer.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
我爸爸是一个农民。
Write a sentence asking 'Is he a farmer?'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
他是一个农民吗？
李明是做什么的？
Read this passage:
他叫李明。他是一个农民。他有一个家。他喜欢他的工作。
李明是做什么的？
文章中说“他是一个农民”。
文章中说“他是一个农民”。
她是什么职业？
Read this passage:
她不是一个老师。她是一个农民。她喜欢种菜。
她是什么职业？
文章中明确说“她是一个农民”。
文章中明确说“她是一个农民”。
我的爷爷住在哪里？
Read this passage:
我的爷爷是一个农民。他住在一个小村子里。他有很多朋友。
我的爷爷住在哪里？
文章中说“他住在一个小村子里”。
文章中说“他住在一个小村子里”。
This sentence means 'He is a farmer.' The basic sentence structure in Chinese is Subject + Verb + Object. '他' (tā) means 'he', '是' (shì) means 'is', and '农民' (nóngmín) means 'farmer'.
This sentence means 'Farmers work in the fields.' '农民' (nóngmín) is the subject, '在' (zài) means 'at' or 'in', '田里' (tiánlǐ) means 'in the fields', and '工作' (gōngzuò) means 'work'.
This phrase means 'like the life of a farmer'. '喜欢' (xǐhuān) means 'like', '农民' (nóngmín) means 'farmer', and '的' (de) is a possessive particle, similar to apostrophe 's' in English. '生活' (shēnghuó) means 'life'.
Listen and identify the profession.
Listen for where farmers work.
Listen for the quantity of farmers in the village.
Read this aloud:
我是一名农民。
Focus: nóng mín (农 民)
Du hast gesagt:
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Read this aloud:
她想成为一个农民。
Focus: chéng wéi (成 为)
Du hast gesagt:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
农民很辛苦。
Focus: xīn kǔ (辛 苦)
Du hast gesagt:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Write a short sentence describing what a farmer does, using 农民.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
农民在田里种地。(Farmers cultivate land in the fields.)
Complete the sentence: 我的爷爷是一个___。(My grandpa is a ___.) Use 农民.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
我的爷爷是一个农民。(My grandpa is a farmer.)
Describe a farmer's life in one simple sentence, using 农民.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
农民的生活很辛苦。(Farmers' lives are very arduous.)
这位农民每天早上什么时候起床？(When does this farmer get up every morning?)
Read this passage:
他是一个农民。他每天早上很早就起床去田里工作。他喜欢他的工作，因为他喜欢和土地在一起。(He is a farmer. He gets up very early every morning to work in the fields. He likes his job because he likes being with the land.)
这位农民每天早上什么时候起床？(When does this farmer get up every morning?)
文章中说“他每天早上很早就起床”，所以答案是“很早”。(The passage says 'he gets up very early every morning', so the answer is 'very early'.)
文章中说“他每天早上很早就起床”，所以答案是“很早”。(The passage says 'he gets up very early every morning', so the answer is 'very early'.)
我的爸爸种了什么？(What does my dad grow?)
Read this passage:
我的爸爸是一个农民。他种了很多蔬菜和水果。我们家每天都能吃到新鲜的食物。(My dad is a farmer. He grows a lot of vegetables and fruits. Our family can eat fresh food every day.)
我的爸爸种了什么？(What does my dad grow?)
文章中说“他种了很多蔬菜和水果”，所以答案是“蔬菜和水果”。(The passage says 'he grows a lot of vegetables and fruits', so the answer is 'vegetables and fruits'.)
文章中说“他种了很多蔬菜和水果”，所以答案是“蔬菜和水果”。(The passage says 'he grows a lot of vegetables and fruits', so the answer is 'vegetables and fruits'.)
农民们一起做什么？(What do the farmers do together?)
Read this passage:
这个村子里有很多农民。他们一起工作，让村子变得更好。(There are many farmers in this village. They work together to make the village better.)
农民们一起做什么？(What do the farmers do together?)
文章中说“他们一起工作”，所以答案是“工作”。(The passage says 'they work together', so the answer is 'work'.)
文章中说“他们一起工作”，所以答案是“工作”。(The passage says 'they work together', so the answer is 'work'.)
The income of farmers there is high.
Many farmers are using new technologies.
He grew up in the countryside, and both his parents are farmers.
Read this aloud:
农民种地很辛苦。
Focus: nóng mín zhòng dì hěn xīn kǔ
Du hast gesagt:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
这个村子的农民很勤劳。
Focus: zhè ge cūn zi de nóng mín hěn qín láo
Du hast gesagt:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
政府正在帮助农民提高生活水平。
Focus: zhèng fǔ zhèng zài bāng zhù nóng mín tí gāo shēng huó shuǐ píng
Du hast gesagt:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Write a short paragraph about the daily life of a farmer in China. What kind of work do they do? What challenges might they face?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
中国农民的生活通常很辛苦。他们每天早起，在农田里种植和收割庄稼。他们需要应对各种天气变化，比如干旱或洪水。虽然辛苦，但他们的工作对社会非常重要。
Imagine you are interviewing a Chinese farmer. What three questions would you ask them about their life and work? Write your questions in Chinese.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
1. 您做农民多久了？ 2. 您觉得做农民最大的乐趣是什么？ 3. 您对未来的生活有什么计划？
Describe a time you saw a farmer working, either in real life or in a movie/documentary. What impressed you the most about their work?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
我曾经在电视上看到过一个关于中国农民的纪录片。他们每天在田里辛勤劳动，无论刮风下雨。最让我印象深刻的是他们的坚持和对土地的热爱。
根据这段话，农民主要靠什么生活？
Read this passage:
在农村，农民们主要依靠种植农作物为生。他们会根据季节变化来决定种植什么，比如春天种玉米，秋天收水稻。虽然现代农业技术提高了效率，但农民的工作依然离不开辛勤的劳动和对大自然的了解。
根据这段话，农民主要靠什么生活？
文章中明确提到“农民们主要依靠种植农作物为生”。
文章中明确提到“农民们主要依靠种植农作物为生”。
文章中提到，年轻人离开农村去城市工作的原因是什么？
Read this passage:
很多年轻人选择离开农村去城市工作，因为城市的收入更高，生活也更方便。但这导致农村的劳动力减少，一些农田无人耕种。为了解决这个问题，一些地方开始鼓励年轻人返乡创业，利用现代技术发展农业。
文章中提到，年轻人离开农村去城市工作的原因是什么？
文章指出“因为城市的收入更高，生活也更方便”。
文章指出“因为城市的收入更高，生活也更方便”。
除了种植技术，一个成功的农民还需要了解什么？
Read this passage:
一个成功的农民不仅要懂得种植技术，还要了解市场需求。他们需要知道哪种作物受欢迎，什么时候卖出价格最好。此外，与邻居和合作社保持良好的关系也很重要，这样可以互相帮助，共同发展。
除了种植技术，一个成功的农民还需要了解什么？
文章提到“一个成功的农民不仅要懂得种植技术，还要了解市场需求”。
文章提到“一个成功的农民不仅要懂得种植技术，还要了解市场需求”。
The sentence discusses farmers in China and their role in food production.
This sentence talks about young farmers returning home to use modern technology in agriculture.
The sentence describes how farmers contribute agricultural products through hard work.
Read this aloud:
你认为农民在社会中扮演着怎样的角色？
Focus: 认为 (rènwéi)
Du hast gesagt:
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Read this aloud:
请谈谈你对现代化农业的看法。
Focus: 现代化 (xiàndàihuà)
Du hast gesagt:
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Read this aloud:
如果你有机会，会选择从事农业相关的工作吗？为什么？
Focus: 从事 (cóngshì)
Du hast gesagt:
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This farmer is diligently working in the field.
Many farmers have improved their lives by growing cash crops.
She was born into a farming family and learned to do farm work from a young age.
Think about the role of farmers in the global economy.
Consider what actions governments might take to support agricultural workers.
Focus on the effects of urbanization on the agricultural population.
Read this aloud:
你认为在现代社会，农民的角色是否正在发生根本性的变化？请阐述你的观点。
Focus: 根本性, 阐述
Du hast gesagt:
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Read this aloud:
如果给你一个机会，你会选择去农村当一名农民吗？为什么？
Focus: 农村, 选择
Du hast gesagt:
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Read this aloud:
请讨论一下，如何才能更好地保障农民的利益，实现农业的可持续发展？
Focus: 保障, 可持续发展
Du hast gesagt:
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Choose the most appropriate synonym for "农民" in a historical context where their role involved both farming and social stratification.
While '农夫' is a general term for farmer, '佃农' specifically refers to a tenant farmer, which often implies a social status common for '农民' in historical contexts, highlighting social stratification and economic dependence. '社员' is a member of a collective, and '村民' is a villager.
Which of the following proverbs best illustrates the traditional value and hardship associated with the life of a "农民"?
This proverb directly translates to 'every grain is hard work,' vividly capturing the immense effort and toil involved in farming, which is central to the identity of a '农民'. Other options are general proverbs about effort, reward, and future benefits, but '粒粒皆辛苦' is most specific to the labor of cultivation.
In a modern Chinese context, which term would you use to describe someone who engages in large-scale commercial farming using advanced agricultural technology, rather than the traditional image of a "农民"?
'农业企业家' means 'agricultural entrepreneur,' which accurately reflects the modern, business-oriented and technologically advanced approach to farming described in the question, contrasting with the more traditional connotations of '农民'. '农户' is a farming household, '耕者' is a tiller/cultivator, and '庄稼人' is a person who works on the farm, all of which are more traditional.
In contemporary China, the term "农民" exclusively refers to individuals engaged in manual labor on small family farms and carries a universally negative connotation of being uneducated and impoverished.
While '农民' has historically been associated with manual labor and can sometimes carry traditional implications, its meaning in contemporary China is more nuanced. Many '农民' are involved in diversified agricultural practices, and there are efforts to modernize farming. The term does not universally imply being uneducated or impoverished; many rural residents are well-educated and contribute significantly to the economy, and the government has initiatives to improve rural livelihoods. The term itself is often used neutrally to refer to rural residents or those involved in agriculture, without an inherent negative connotation.
The hukou (户口) system in China has historically contributed to a clear distinction between "农民" (rural residents) and urban residents, impacting their access to social services and opportunities.
The hukou system is a household registration system that has indeed created a significant divide between rural and urban populations in China. Historically, it has determined access to social services, education, healthcare, and employment opportunities, leading to disparities between those with an agricultural (农民) hukou and those with an urban hukou. While reforms have been introduced, its impact on the distinction between rural and urban residents has been profound and continues to be a subject of discussion.
The concept of "农民工" (migrant workers) refers exclusively to rural residents who have permanently relocated to urban areas and fully integrated into the urban social security system.
'农民工' are rural migrant workers who have moved to urban areas for work, but they often maintain ties to their rural hukou and may not be permanently relocated or fully integrated into the urban social security system. Many face challenges in accessing urban benefits and may return to their rural homes periodically or for retirement. The term itself highlights their dual identity as both rural residents and urban laborers.
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Summary
农民 (nóngmín) is the Chinese word for a farmer or peasant, referring to someone who works in agriculture.
- farmer
- agriculture
- cultivator
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充裕的
B2Abundant, ample, or sufficient in quantity.
事故
A2accident; mishap
依照
A2According to; in accordance with.
准确地
A2accurately, precisely
做到
A2to achieve; to accomplish
积极地
A2actively; enthusiastically
应变
B2Adaptive; capable of dealing with emergencies.
行政
A2Administration; the management of affairs.
过后
A2Afterwards; at a later or subsequent time.
赞同
A2To approve of, to endorse; to agree with or support.
