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A1 adjective #1,200 am häufigsten 10 Min. Lesezeit

简单

jiandan Top 1,200

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At the A1 level, '简单' (jiǎndān) is one of the first adjectives you learn to describe tasks and objects. It is most commonly used in the pattern 'Subject + 很 + 简单' to say something is easy. For example, '汉语不简单' (Chinese is not simple) or '这个作业很简单' (This homework is very simple). At this stage, you should focus on using it to describe physical things or basic school-related activities. You will also see it used with '的' to describe nouns, like '简单的问题' (a simple question). The main goal for A1 learners is to distinguish it from '难' (nán - difficult) and to remember that '很' is usually needed in a sentence even if you don't mean 'very'. You should also learn the basic negative form '不简单'.

At the A2 level, you begin to use '简单' in more varied sentence structures. You might start using it to describe lifestyle choices or food, such as '简单的菜' (simple dishes) or '简单的衣服' (simple clothes). You will also encounter it as an adverb to mean 'briefly', especially in the phrase '简单说' (to put it simply). At this level, you should start noticing the difference between '简单' and '容易'. While both can mean 'easy', '简单' is about the structure and '容易' is about the effort. You might also hear the phrase '简单点' in casual conversation, meaning 'keep it simple'. You should be able to use it to give basic instructions, like '请简单介绍一下' (Please introduce briefly).

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At the B1 level, '简单' moves into the realm of abstract ideas and social descriptions. You will use it to describe people's characters ('他是一个简单的人') and relationships ('他们的关系很简单'). You will also learn the resultative structure 'V + 得 + 简单', such as '想得太简单' (to think too simply/naively). This level introduces the idiomatic use of '不简单' to mean 'extraordinary' or 'not as simple as it looks'. You should be able to use '简单' in more complex sentences involving '虽然...但是...' (Although... but...), for example: '虽然这个问题看起来很简单，但是做起来很难' (Although this problem looks simple, it is hard to do).

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At the B2 level, you are expected to understand the nuances of '简单' in professional and academic contexts. You will encounter it in discussions about '极简主义' (minimalism) and '简政放权' (administrative simplification). You should be able to distinguish '简单' from more formal synonyms like '简约' (minimalist) and '简便' (convenient). You will also see it used in internet slang and modern idioms like '简单粗暴' (simple and crude). At this stage, you should be able to use '简单' to summarize complex arguments or to critique someone's logic as being '过于简单' (oversimplified). Your understanding of '不简单' should be deep enough to recognize it as high praise for someone's hidden talents or strategic thinking.

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At the C1 level, '简单' is used with high precision in literary and philosophical contexts. You will explore the concept of '大道至简' (The greatest truths are the simplest), a Taoist principle. You should be able to discuss the aesthetic value of simplicity in Chinese art, calligraphy, and architecture using '简单' and its related terms like '简练' (concise/pithy). You will analyze how '简单' can be used as a rhetorical device to contrast with '复杂' (complex) in political or social discourse. At this level, you should be able to write essays discussing the social trend of '回归简单' (returning to simplicity) and use the word to express subtle shades of meaning, such as the difference between being 'simple' (honest) and 'simplistic' (lacking depth).

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At the C2 level, your mastery of '简单' is near-native. You can use it in any register, from the most casual slang to the most formal academic writing. You understand its historical roots in the '简' (bamboo slips) and how that history informs its modern usage. You can use '简单' to engage in deep philosophical debates about the nature of existence, the elegance of scientific theories, or the complexity of human emotions. You are comfortable with all its collocations and can use it to create poetic or highly persuasive language. You can also recognize and use rare idioms or classical references that involve the character '简'. At this level, '简单' is not just a vocabulary word but a versatile tool for expressing the highest levels of thought and emotion.

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简单 (jiǎndān) is a basic adjective meaning 'simple' or 'easy'. It is used for tasks, designs, and even people's personalities.
It is the opposite of 复杂 (fùzá - complex). In sentences, it usually needs '很' (hěn) to sound natural as a predicate.
When used to describe a person, it can mean they are straightforward or, occasionally, naive. '不简单' often means 'extraordinary'.
Commonly used in phrases like '简单来说' (simply put) and '简单点' (keep it simple). It is essential for daily conversation.

The Chinese word 简单 (jiǎndān) is a cornerstone of the Mandarin language, primarily functioning as an adjective that translates to 'simple' or 'easy' in English. At its core, it describes things that are not complex, intricate, or difficult to understand. However, its utility extends far beyond a basic description of difficulty. In the context of the CEFR A1 level, learners first encounter it to describe school assignments or daily tasks. As you progress, you will find it describes lifestyles, personalities, and even aesthetic choices. The word is composed of two characters: 简 (jiǎn), which historically referred to bamboo slips used for writing, implying brevity and conciseness, and 单 (dān), meaning single or individual. Together, they create a concept of something that is stripped of unnecessary layers.

Functional Simplicity: When a task requires very little effort or cognitive load, we use 简单. For example, 'The math problem is simple' (数学题很简单). It suggests that the path to the solution is direct and lacks obstacles.

这道菜做起来非常简单。(This dish is very simple to make.)

Structural Simplicity: This refers to the design or composition of an object. A room with only a bed and a desk is '简单'. It isn't necessarily 'easy,' but it is 'uncomplicated' or 'minimalist'.

他的房间布置得很简单。(His room is decorated very simply.)

In modern Chinese society, 简单 has taken on a philosophical weight. With the rise of 'Minimalism' (极简主义), young people often strive for a '简单生活' (simple life) to escape the pressures of urban competition. It represents a desire for clarity and peace. Furthermore, when describing a person as '简单', it can be a compliment meaning they are straightforward and honest, or a slight criticism meaning they are naive or lack depth, depending on the context and tone of the speaker.

他是一个思想简单的人。(He is a simple-minded person.)

Casual Usage: In daily conversation, you might hear '简单点' (Make it simpler/Keep it brief). This is common in meetings or when someone is over-explaining a story.

请简单介绍一下你自己。(Please briefly introduce yourself.)

这个问题并不简单。(This problem is not simple at all.)

Ultimately, mastering 简单 allows you to navigate both the physical world of objects and the abstract world of ideas. Whether you are describing a user interface, a mathematical proof, or a person's character, this word provides the necessary linguistic tool to express the absence of complication. It is one of the most versatile adjectives in the Chinese lexicon, serving as a bridge between basic survival Chinese and more advanced philosophical discourse.

Using 简单 (jiǎndān) correctly requires an understanding of Chinese sentence structure, particularly how adjectives function as predicates and how they modify nouns. Unlike English, Chinese adjectives often don't need the verb 'to be' (是) when they are the main focus of the sentence; instead, they are often preceded by an intensifier like 很 (hěn). Understanding these patterns is crucial for sounding natural.

The Predicative Structure: The most common way to use 简单 is [Subject] + [Intensifier] + 简单. For example, 'The exam is simple' is '考试很简单'. Without '很', the sentence can sound like a comparison or incomplete to native ears.

这个汉语语法点很简单。(This Chinese grammar point is very simple.)

The Attributive Structure: To describe a noun, use 简单 + 的 + [Noun]. For instance, 'a simple plan' is '一个简单的计划'. The '的' is mandatory here to link the adjective to the noun.

我想要一个简单的回答。(I want a simple answer.)

Another important usage is the negative form. To say something is not simple, you use '不简单'. Interestingly, '不简单' often carries a connotation of 'extraordinary' or 'impressive' rather than just 'difficult'. If you say '这个人不简单', you are implying that the person is quite capable, shrewd, or has a complex background.

能写出这本书，他真不简单。(To be able to write this book, he is truly remarkable.)

Adverbial Usage: When 简单 modifies a verb to mean 'briefly' or 'simply', it often takes the form '简单地' + [Verb]. For example, '简单地总结' (to summarize briefly).

请简单地说一下你的想法。(Please briefly state your thoughts.)

Finally, consider the reduplicated form '简简单单'. Reduplication in Chinese adjectives often adds a sense of lightheartedness, thoroughness, or emphasis. '简简单单的生活' (A plain and simple life) sounds more poetic and desirable than just '简单的生活'. It emphasizes the purity and lack of clutter in one's existence. By mastering these different structures—predicative, attributive, adverbial, and reduplicated—you can use 简单 to express a wide range of nuances in your daily communication.

In the real world, 简单 (jiǎndān) is ubiquitous. You will hear it from the mouths of teachers, tech support agents, interior designers, and friends chatting over tea. Understanding the specific contexts in which it appears will help you recognize its intent immediately. It is a word that bridges the gap between technical jargon and casual slang.

In the Classroom: Teachers use it constantly to encourage students. '这道题很简单，大家试一下' (This question is very simple, everyone give it a try). It is used to lower the perceived barrier to learning.

老师说这次考试的内容比较简单。(The teacher said the content of this exam is relatively simple.)

In Technology and Design: When discussing User Experience (UX), 简单 is the ultimate goal. '界面很简单' (The interface is very simple) is high praise for an app like WeChat or Alipay. It implies that the user doesn't need a manual to understand how to use the service.

这个软件的操作非常简单。(The operation of this software is very simple.)

In the workplace, 简单 is often used during project briefings. A manager might say, '我简单说两句' (I'll just say a few words briefly). This is a standard polite way to take the floor without implying that you will speak for a long time. It sets an expectation of efficiency. Conversely, if a colleague says a task is '不简单', they are warning you that it might take more time and resources than initially expected.

我们要把复杂的事情变简单。(We need to make complex things simple.)

In Social Relationships: When people describe their ideal partner or friend, they often use 简单. '我喜欢简单的人' (I like simple people). In this context, it means someone who is not manipulative, doesn't play mind games, and is easy to get along with.

他们之间的关系很简单。(The relationship between them is very simple.)

Whether you are watching a Chinese drama where a character yearns for a '简单快乐' (simple happiness) or reading a news article about '简政放权' (simplifying administration and decentralizing power), the word 简单 serves as a vital descriptor of efficiency, clarity, and purity in the modern Chinese linguistic landscape.

While 简单 (jiǎndān) seems straightforward, English speakers often fall into several traps when translating 'simple' or 'easy' into Chinese. These mistakes usually stem from over-reliance on English dictionary definitions without considering Chinese grammatical constraints or semantic nuances.

Mistake 1: Confusing 简单 with 容易 (róngyì): This is the most common error. '容易' means 'easy' in terms of effort required. '简单' means 'simple' in terms of complexity. While they often overlap, you cannot always swap them. For example, 'It's easy to get angry' should be '容易生气', not '简单生气'. '简单' describes the nature of a thing, while '容易' often describes the likelihood or ease of an event happening.

错误：他简单生病。(Incorrect: He is simple to get sick.)
正确：他容易生病。(Correct: He easily gets sick.)

Mistake 2: Forgetting the Intensifier '很': In English, we say 'This is simple.' In Chinese, saying '这很简单' is the standard. If you just say '这简单', it sounds like you are making a comparison ('This is simple, but that is hard') or it sounds like an incomplete thought. Beginners often forget '很' because they translate 'is' literally as '是'.

错误：这个题是简单。(Incorrect: This question is simple - sounds unnatural.)
正确：这个题很简单。(Correct: This question is [very] simple.)

Mistake 3: Misusing '不简单': Learners often use '不简单' to mean 'not easy' (difficult). While technically correct, '不简单' is almost always a compliment for a person's hidden depths or a task's impressive nature. If you just mean a math problem is hard, use '难' (nán) or '不容易'.

情境：你看到一个小孩会说五种语言。
评价：这个孩子真不简单！(This child is truly remarkable!)

Finally, be careful with the placement of '的'. When 简单 modifies a noun, '的' is usually required (简单的生活). When it is used after a verb to describe the result, '得' is required (想得简单). Mixing these up is a hallmark of a beginner. Pay close attention to whether you are describing a *thing* or an *action*.

To truly master Chinese, you must understand the synonyms of 简单 (jiǎndān) and when to use them. While 简单 is the most versatile, other words offer more precision in specific contexts like formal writing, technical descriptions, or casual speech.

简单 vs. 容易 (róngyì): As mentioned, 容易 focuses on the low level of difficulty or high probability. 简单 focuses on the lack of complexity. You can say 'This task is 容易' (easy to do) and 'This task is 简单' (not complex). But you only use 容易 for 'It's easy to rain' (容易下雨).

简单 vs. 简便 (jiǎnbiàn): 简便 means 'simple and convenient'. It is often used for methods, tools, or procedures that save time and effort. If a new payment method is '简便', it means it has fewer steps and is very handy.

这种方法非常简便。(This method is very simple and convenient.)

简单 vs. 简陋 (jiǎnlòu): 简陋 is a negative version of simple. It means 'simple and crude' or 'poorly equipped'. You would use this to describe a shack or a room that lacks basic facilities. Using 简单 for a room might be a compliment; using 简陋 is definitely not.

他的办公室非常简陋。(His office is very crude/poorly furnished.)

简单 vs. 单纯 (dānchún): When describing a person's character, 简单 means straightforward. 单纯 means 'pure' or 'innocent'. A child is 单纯. An adult who doesn't like office politics is 简单. However, 单纯 can also mean 'merely' or 'solely' when used as an adverb.

他并不是单纯为了钱。(He is not doing it purely for the money.)

By choosing the right word among these alternatives, you demonstrate a deeper understanding of the Chinese language. Use 简单 for general lack of complexity, 容易 for ease of action, 简便 for convenience, 简陋 for poor quality, and 简约 for elegant minimalism. This nuance is what separates a beginner from an intermediate speaker.

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

In ancient times, before paper was invented, '简' was so important that the word for 'book' or 'record' often included this character. Simplicity was a physical necessity because carrying heavy bamboo slips was difficult!

Aussprachehilfe

UK /dʒjɛn dæn/

US /dʒjɛn dæn/

In Mandarin, syllables generally have equal weight, but the third tone on 'jiǎn' requires a distinct dip in pitch.

Reimt sich auf

见 (jiàn) 天 (tiān) 边 (biān) 面 (miàn) 先 (xiān) 山 (shān) 蓝 (lán) 看 (kàn)

Häufige Fehler

Pronouncing 'jiǎn' as a second tone (rising) instead of third tone.
Pronouncing 'dān' as a fourth tone (falling) like 'dàn' (egg).
Failing to fully drop the pitch on the third tone 'jiǎn'.
Pronouncing the 'i' in 'jian' too strongly like 'jee-an'. It should be a quick glide.
Confusing the 'an' sound with the English 'an' in 'apple'. It is closer to the 'un' in 'sun' in some dialects, but standard Mandarin is like 'ah-n'.

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 1/5

The characters are relatively common and the meaning is straightforward for beginners.

Schreiben 2/5

The character '简' has a few strokes (13), which might take a bit of practice for A1 learners.

Sprechen 1/5

The pronunciation is clear, though the third tone on 'jiǎn' needs attention.

Hören 1/5

It is a very high-frequency word and usually easy to pick out in conversation.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

难 (nán) 好 (hǎo) 不 (bù) 很 (hěn) 的 (de)

Als Nächstes lernen

容易 (róngyì) 复杂 (fùzá) 方便 (fāngbiàn) 清楚 (qīngchu) 介绍 (jièshào)

Fortgeschritten

简约 (jiǎnyuē) 简陋 (jiǎnlòu) 繁琐 (fánsuǒ) 精炼 (jīngliàn) 单纯 (dānchún)

Wichtige Grammatik

Adjectives as Predicates

汉语很简单。(No 'shì' needed, 'hěn' is usually added.)

Attributive 'de'

简单的生活。(Use 'de' when an adjective modifies a noun.)

Degree Complement 'de'

他想得太简单。(Use 'de' to describe the result or manner of an action.)

Adverbial 'de'

简单地介绍。(Use 'de' when an adjective modifies a verb.)

Reduplication of Adjectives

简简单单。(AABB pattern for emphasis or emotional tone.)

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Beispiele nach Niveau

这个汉字很简单。

This Chinese character is very simple.

Subject + 很 + Adjective.

我不喜欢复杂，我喜欢简单。

I don't like complexity, I like simplicity.

Simple contrast using '不喜欢' and '喜欢'.

这是一个简单的问题。

This is a simple question.

Adjective + 的 + Noun.

今天的作业不简单。

Today's homework is not simple.

Negative form '不' + Adjective.

他是一个简单的人。

He is a simple person.

Describing personality with '简单'.

这个手机用起来很简单。

This phone is very simple to use.

Verb + 起来 + Adjective.

请给我一个简单的回答。

Please give me a simple answer.

Imperative sentence with '请'.

简单点，好吗？

Keep it simple, okay?

Adjective + 点 (meaning 'a bit more...').

我简单说一下我的计划。

I will briefly talk about my plan.

Adverbial usage: 简单 + Verb.

这种面条的做法很简单。

The way to make these noodles is very simple.

Noun phrase + 很 + 简单.

他穿得很简单。

He dresses very simply.

Verb + 得 + Adjective (Degree complement).

我们需要一个简单的办法。

We need a simple solution/method.

Attributive '简单的' modifying '办法'.

这里的环境很简单，也很安静。

The environment here is very simple and quiet.

Using '也' to link two adjectives.

我只想过简单的生活。

I only want to live a simple life.

Verb + 简单的 + Noun.

这件事情没那么简单。

This matter is not that simple.

Negative comparison '没那么'.

简单来说，他不想去。

Simply put, he doesn't want to go.

Fixed phrase '简单来说' (To put it simply).

他把复杂的问题解释得很简单。

He explained a complex problem very simply.

Ba-sentence with degree complement.

你把事情想得太简单了。

You are thinking about things too simply.

Verb + 得 + 太 + Adjective + 了.

这个人的背景不简单。

This person's background is not simple (impressive/mysterious).

Using '不简单' as a compliment or warning.

我们应该追求简简单单的快乐。

We should pursue plain and simple happiness.

Reduplicated form '简简单单'.

这本小说的情节比较简单。

The plot of this novel is relatively simple.

Using '比较' (relatively) to soften the adjective.

请你简单地总结一下会议内容。

Please briefly summarize the meeting content.

Adverbial '简单地' modifying '总结'.

虽然房间很简单，但很干净。

Although the room is simple, it is very clean.

Conjunction '虽然...但...'.

他说话很直接，也很简单。

He speaks very directly and simply.

Describing communication style.

极简主义倡导简单的生活方式。

Minimalism advocates for a simple lifestyle.

Subject (Abstract) + Verb + Object.

这个软件的界面设计得非常简单。

The interface design of this software is very simple.

Compound subject + Verb + 得 + Adjective.

简单粗暴的方法有时也很有效。

Simple and crude methods are sometimes very effective.

Using the idiom '简单粗暴'.

他能取得这样的成就，真是不简单。

It's truly remarkable that he could achieve such success.

Exclamatory '真是不简单'.

我们不能简单地把失败归结为运气。

We cannot simply attribute failure to luck.

Negative adverbial '不能简单地'.

这篇文章的语言简洁、逻辑简单。

The language of this article is concise and the logic is simple.

Parallel structure describing writing style.

他并不是一个简单的商人。

He is not just a simple businessman.

Using '简单' to imply hidden depth.

政府正在努力简化办事流程，让手续更简单。

The government is working to simplify procedures to make formalities easier.

Verb '简化' (simplify) vs Adjective '简单'.

大道至简是中华文化的重要哲学思想。

The greatest truths are the simplest is an important philosophical thought in Chinese culture.

Classical Chinese phrase used in modern context.

他的画作追求一种简单而深邃的意境。

His paintings pursue a simple yet profound artistic conception.

Using '而' to connect contrasting adjectives.

这种解释过于简单，无法说明问题的本质。

This explanation is too simplistic to explain the essence of the problem.

Using '过于' (excessively) to imply a negative quality.

在纷繁复杂的社会中，保持一颗简单的心很难。

In a complex society, it is hard to maintain a simple heart.

Contrast between '纷繁复杂' and '简单'.

作者用简单的笔触勾勒出了生动的人物形象。

The author sketched vivid characters with simple brushstrokes.

Metaphorical use of '笔触' (brushstrokes) in writing.

这个数学公式虽然简单，却蕴含着深刻的真理。

Although this mathematical formula is simple, it contains profound truths.

Conjunction '虽然...却...'.

我们不能简单化地处理这个历史遗留问题。

We cannot handle this historical legacy issue in a simplified manner.

Verb '简单化' (to simplify/oversimplify).

他那简单的生活方式背后，是对精神自由的追求。

Behind his simple lifestyle is the pursuit of spiritual freedom.

Using '背后' to explain the reason for '简单'.

删繁就简，方能彰显艺术的纯粹。

Only by cutting out the complex and moving toward the simple can the purity of art be manifested.

Four-character literary phrase '删繁就简'.

他的文字看似简单，实则字字珠玑，耐人寻味。

His writing seems simple, but in fact, every word is a gem and worth pondering.

Contrast '看似' (seemingly) and '实则' (actually).

在外交辞令中，简单的肯定往往意味着复杂的博弈。

In diplomatic rhetoric, a simple affirmation often implies a complex game.

Abstract usage in political science.

这种简单化的逻辑推导在严密的学术论证面前是不堪一击的。

This simplistic logical derivation is vulnerable in the face of rigorous academic argument.

Using '简单化' as a critique of intellectual laziness.

他追求的是一种超越了物质欲望的、极致的简单。

What he pursues is an ultimate simplicity that transcends material desires.

Using '极致' (ultimate) to modify '简单'.

简单，不仅是一种审美，更是一种生活态度和智慧。

Simplicity is not only an aesthetic but also a life attitude and wisdom.

Using '不仅...更...' for emphasis.

这首诗用最简单的意象，表达了最深沉的乡愁。

This poem uses the simplest imagery to express the deepest nostalgia.

Superlative '最' with '简单'.

在海德格尔的哲学中，简单性与本真性有着内在的联系。

In Heidegger's philosophy, simplicity and authenticity have an inherent connection.

Academic discussion of '简单性' (simplicity).

Häufige Kollokationen

很简单

简单的生活

简单介绍

简单来说

想得简单

简单粗暴

头脑简单

简单明了

简单重复

简单多数

Häufige Phrasen

简单点

— Make it simpler or keep it brief. Often used when someone is being too complex.

说话简单点，我听不懂。

不简单

— Not simple; extraordinary or impressive. Used to praise someone's skill.

这个年轻人真不简单。

简单地说

— To put it simply; briefly speaking. Used to summarize.

简单地说，他辞职了。

简简单单

— Very simple; plain and simple. Adds a rhythmic or emotional emphasis.

我只想简简单单地过日子。

简单化

— To simplify or oversimplify. Can be neutral or negative.

我们不能把问题简单化。

简单明了

— Simple and clear. Used for explanations or designs.

他的报告写得简单明了。

简单易行

— Simple and easy to carry out. Used for plans or methods.

这个方案简单易行。

简单生活

— Simple living. Refers to a lifestyle choice of minimalism.

简单生活是一种智慧。

简单多数

— Simple majority. A technical term used in voting.

选举结果取决于简单多数。

简单粗暴

— Simple and crude. Often used to describe a direct but unrefined approach.

这种简单粗暴的解决办法不可取。

Wird oft verwechselt mit

简单 vs 容易 (róngyì)

容易 is 'easy' (effort), 简单 is 'simple' (complexity). You can't say '简单下雨'.

简单 vs 简陋 (jiǎnlòu)

简陋 is always negative (crude/poor), while 简单 can be positive (minimalist).

简单 vs 单纯 (dānchún)

单纯 is 'pure/innocent', 简单 is 'straightforward'. A person can be both.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"头脑简单，四肢发达"

— Simple-minded but physically strong. Often used to tease or insult athletes.

别看他头脑简单，四肢发达，其实他很聪明。

Informal

"删繁就简"

— To simplify by cutting out the superfluous. Used in writing or design.

这篇文章需要删繁就简。

Formal

"大道至简"

— The greatest truths are the simplest. A philosophical concept.

大道至简，真正的真理往往是朴素的。

Literary

"简明扼要"

— Brief and to the point. Used for speech or writing.

请简明扼要地汇报工作。

Formal

"深居简出"

— To live a simple life and seldom go out. Describes a reclusive lifestyle.

他晚年深居简出，很少露面。

Literary

"言简意赅"

— Concise but comprehensive. High praise for writing.

他的演讲言简意赅，非常精彩。

Formal

"因陋就简"

— To make do with what is available, however crude.

我们因陋就简，搭起了一个临时舞台。

Neutral

"简单明了"

— Simple and clear. Very common in daily life.

说明书写得简单明了。

Neutral

"简而言之"

— In short; to put it briefly.

简而言之，我们必须马上离开。

Neutral

"简单粗暴"

— Direct and forceful, but lacking finesse.

这种简单粗暴的逻辑无法说服我。

Informal

Leicht verwechselbar

简单 vs 容易

Both translate to 'easy' in English.

容易 focuses on the low difficulty of an action or the high probability of an event. 简单 focuses on the lack of complexity in structure or content. You can say 'simple math' (简单数学) or 'easy math' (容易的数学), but only 'easy to get angry' (容易生气).

这个问题很容易回答，因为它很简单。(This question is easy to answer because it is simple.)

简单 vs 简便

Both mean simple.

简便 specifically means 'simple and convenient'. It is used for methods, tools, or procedures that make life easier. 简单 is more general.

这种简便的支付方式让生活更简单。(This convenient payment method makes life simpler.)

简单 vs 简陋

Both describe something that is not complex.

简陋 has a negative connotation of being poorly made, crude, or lacking necessary facilities. 简单 is neutral or positive.

虽然他的房间很简陋，但布置得很简单大方。(Although his room is crude, it is decorated in a simple and elegant way.)

简单 vs 简约

Both mean simple in design.

简约 is a more formal and aesthetic term, often used in the context of 'minimalism' in art and fashion. 简单 is the everyday word.

现代建筑追求简约之美，而不是简单的堆砌。(Modern architecture pursues the beauty of minimalism, not simple piling up.)

简单 vs 简短

Both refer to something not being long or complex.

简短 specifically refers to length (time or space), like a short speech or a brief note. 简单 refers to complexity.

他做了一个简短而简单的报告。(He gave a brief and simple report.)

Satzmuster

Subject + 很 + 简单

这道题很简单。

Subject + 不 + 简单

这个汉字不简单。

简单的 + Noun

我喜欢简单的衣服。

简单 + Verb

我简单说一下。

Verb + 得 + 简单

你想得太简单了。

简单来说，...

简单来说，他生病了。

把 + Object + 变简单

我们要把工作变简单。

看似简单，实则...

这幅画看似简单，实则深奥。

Wortfamilie

Substantive

简单性 (jiǎndānxìng - simplicity)

简报 (jiǎnbào - briefing)

简历 (jiǎnlì - resume/CV)

Verben

简化 (jiǎnhuà - to simplify)

简写 (jiǎnxiě - to abbreviate)

简述 (jiǎnshù - to summarize)

Adjektive

简便 (jiǎnbiàn - simple and convenient)

简陋 (jiǎnlòu - simple and crude)

简约 (jiǎnyuē - minimalist)

Verwandt

容易 (róngyì)

复杂 (fùzá)

单调 (dāndiào)

朴素 (pǔsù)

简短 (jiǎnduǎn)

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So verwendest du es

frequency

Extremely high in both spoken and written Chinese.

Häufige Fehler

这是简单的问题。 → 这是一个简单的问题。
You need a measure word (一个) and the particle '的' to link the adjective to the noun properly.
他简单生气。 → 他容易生气。
For probability or habits (getting angry easily), you must use '容易', not '简单'.
这件事情是简单。 → 这件事情很简单。
In Chinese, adjectives don't usually use '是'. They use '很' as a default linker in a predicate position.
你想太简单了。 → 你想得太简单了。
When an adjective describes the result or manner of a verb, you must use the structural particle '得'.
这个房间很简陋 (when you mean it's minimalist). → 这个房间很简约 / 简单。
'简陋' implies the room is poor or crude. If you like the simplicity, use '简单' or '简约'.

Tipps

Use '很' for Balance

Always remember to put '很' before '简单' when it's the main adjective in a sentence. '这很简单' is the standard way to say 'This is simple.' It balances the sentence rhythmically.

简单 vs 容易

If you are talking about how complex something is, use 简单. If you are talking about how much effort it takes or how likely it is to happen, use 容易. You can't say '简单下雨' for 'It's easy to rain'.

The Power of '不简单'

Use '不简单' to impress your Chinese friends. If someone does something impressive, say '你不简单啊!' It shows you understand the deeper nuances of the language beyond just 'very good'.

Transition with '简单来说'

When you want to summarize a long story or a complex idea, start your sentence with '简单来说' (Simply put). it's a great way to sound more fluent and organized.

Soften with '点'

If you want someone to explain something more simply, say '简单点'. The '点' (a bit) makes the request sound more polite and less like a command.

Listen for '简'

The sound 'jiǎn' appears in many words related to simplicity (简便, 简约, 简陋). If you hear 'jiǎn', there's a good chance the topic involves something being brief or uncomplicated.

AABB Pattern

Use '简简单单' when you want to sound more poetic or emphasize how truly simple something is. It's very common in song lyrics and romantic descriptions.

Master the Third Tone

Make sure to fully drop your voice for 'jiǎn'. If you don't, it might sound like 'jiān' (between) or 'jiàn' (see). The third tone is key to being understood.

Minimalism

When talking about modern trends like minimalism, use '极简主义' (jíjiǎn zhǔyì). It uses the same '简' and is a very popular topic in China right now.

Don't forget '的'

When you use 简单 to describe a noun, you almost always need '的'. It's '简单的题', not '简单题' (unless it's a specific technical term).

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of a 'Jan' (简) who is 'Done' (单) with her work because it was so simple. Jan is Done with the simple task.

Visuelle Assoziation

Imagine a single (单) bamboo slip (简) with only one word written on it. It is the definition of simple.

Word Web

简单 (Simple) 容易 (Easy) 复杂 (Complex) 简化 (Simplify) 简约 (Minimalist) 简陋 (Crude) 单一 (Single) 简单化 (Simplification)

Herausforderung

Try to describe your daily routine using '简单' at least three times. For example: 'My breakfast is simple,' 'My work is not simple,' 'I want a simple evening.'

Wortherkunft

The character 简 (jiǎn) originally referred to bamboo slips used for writing in ancient China. Because bamboo slips were limited in space, writing had to be concise. The character 单 (dān) originally meant a hunting tool or a shield, but evolved to mean 'single' or 'alone'.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: The combination originally implied something that was written concisely on a single slip of bamboo.

Sino-Tibetan

Kultureller Kontext

Be careful when calling a person '简单' in a professional setting, as it might imply they are not sophisticated enough to handle complex politics.

In English, 'simple' can sometimes be an insult (meaning low intelligence). In Chinese, '简单' is more neutral but can also imply naivety.

The song '简单爱' (Simple Love) by Jay Chou, which celebrates a pure, uncomplicated romance. The philosophical phrase '大道至简' (The Great Way is simple). The concept of '简政放权' in modern Chinese governance.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

School/Studying

考试很简单
简单的问题
简单的汉字
简单地复习

Cooking

简单的菜
做法很简单
简单的食材
简单煮一下

Work/Meetings

简单介绍
简单说两句
简单的计划
简单总结

Daily Life

简单的衣服
简单的生活
简单点
简简单单

Relationships

简单的人
关系很简单
想得太简单
不简单的人

Gesprächseinstiege

"你觉得学习汉语简单吗？ (Do you think learning Chinese is simple?)"

"你喜欢简单的生活还是复杂的生活？ (Do you like a simple life or a complex life?)"

"请简单介绍一下你的家乡。 (Please briefly introduce your hometown.)"

"你觉得这个周末的计划简单吗？ (Do you think the plan for this weekend is simple?)"

"你最喜欢的简单菜是什么？ (What is your favorite simple dish?)"

Tagebuch-Impulse

写一写你觉得生活中最简单的一件事。 (Write about the simplest thing in your life.)

描述一个你认为'不简单'的人。 (Describe a person you think is 'not simple'.)

如果你可以过一种简单的生活，你会做什么？ (If you could live a simple life, what would you do?)

为什么有时候把事情变简单比变复杂更难？ (Why is it sometimes harder to make things simple than complex?)

谈谈你对'大道至简'这个词的理解。 (Talk about your understanding of the phrase 'The Great Way is simple'.)

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

Yes, but be careful. Calling someone '简单' usually means they are straightforward and honest. However, it can sometimes imply they are naive. If you say '他不简单', it's a compliment meaning he is very capable or has hidden depths.

简单 means 'simple' (low complexity). 容易 means 'easy' (low effort). For example, a math problem is 简单 (simple structure), but doing 100 of them is not 容易 (it takes effort). Also, use 容易 for probability, like '容易感冒' (easy to catch a cold).

In Chinese, adjectives acting as predicates usually require an intensifier like '很' to sound complete. Without it, the sentence '这简单' sounds like a comparison or an unfinished thought. It doesn't always mean 'very' in this context.

You use the verb '简化' (jiǎnhuà). For example, '简化手续' (simplify procedures) or '简化汉字' (simplified Chinese characters).

Mostly, yes. It suggests that something or someone is more impressive, complex, or capable than they appear. '这个孩子不简单' means the child is very talented or smart.

It's a common phrase meaning 'simple and crude' or 'brute-force'. It describes a method that is very direct and effective but lacks finesse or politeness.

Yes, when used as an adverb before a verb, like '简单介绍' (briefly introduce) or '简单说' (briefly say).

It is the reduplicated form of 简单. It emphasizes the simplicity and often adds a feeling of contentment or casualness, like '简简单单的生活' (a plain and simple life).

You use it to describe the result of an action. '你想得太简单了' means 'You are thinking too simply'. Here, '简单' describes the manner of 'thinking'.

Yes, it is used in all registers. However, in very formal writing, you might see synonyms like '简明' or '简约' depending on the specific nuance required.

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