When we describe someone as 拘谨 (jūjǐn), we mean they are reserved, stiff, or overly cautious in their behavior. This often happens in unfamiliar situations or with unfamiliar people.
For example, someone might act 拘谨 at a formal dinner party where they don't know many guests. It implies a sense of being constrained or ill-at-ease, often due to a fear of making mistakes or offending others.
It’s important to note that 拘谨 can sometimes carry a slightly negative connotation, suggesting a lack of naturalness or spontaneity. However, it can also simply describe a personality trait.
It’s similar to being timid or formal, but specifically highlights the feeling of being held back or restricted in one's actions or expressions.
When we describe someone as 拘谨 (jūjǐn), we mean they are reserved, stiff, or overly cautious in their behavior or manner. This isn't necessarily a bad thing, as it can indicate politeness or a respectful demeanor, especially in formal situations or when meeting new people. However, if someone is too 拘谨, they might appear uneasy, unnatural, or even a bit awkward, making it harder for them to relax and engage freely in social interactions. It suggests a lack of spontaneity or being overly concerned with propriety.
Beispiele nach Niveau
他初次见面时有点拘谨。
He was a little reserved when they first met.
在正式场合，她总是表现得很拘谨。
She always acts very reserved in formal settings.
别拘谨，把这里当自己家。
Don't be overcautious, treat this like your own home.
孩子们在陌生人面前会显得有些拘谨。
Children can seem a bit reserved in front of strangers.
她讲话时有些拘谨，不敢大声。
She was a bit reserved when speaking, not daring to speak loudly.
由于语言障碍，他交流时总是很拘谨。
Because of the language barrier, he is always very reserved when communicating.
第一次参加这种会议，我感到有点拘谨。
Attending this kind of meeting for the first time, I felt a little overcautious.
老师鼓励学生们不要拘谨，积极发言。
The teacher encouraged students not to be reserved and to speak actively.
Wortfamilie
Substantive
Adjektive
Einprägen
Eselsbrücke
Imagine a person who is so 'tied up' (拘, jū) by social norms that they act with excessive caution and reserve (谨, jǐn). Think of 'jū' as 'jury' – people in a jury often have to be reserved and cautious in their speech. And 'jǐn' sounds a bit like 'gin' – imagine someone who is too reserved to have a sip of gin at a party. So, 'jury + gin = reserved and overcautious'.
Visuelle Assoziation
Picture a cat, normally playful and curious, but when it's in an unfamiliar environment, it becomes 'jūjǐn'. It sits stiffly, eyes wide, barely moving, completely reserved and overcautious, ready to bolt at the slightest sound. The cat is literally 'bound' by its fear and unfamiliarity.
Word Web
Herausforderung
You're at a formal dinner party where you don't know many people. Describe how you might feel or act if you were '拘谨'. Write a short paragraph in Chinese explaining this feeling. Example sentence ideas: - 我在生人面前有点拘谨。 (Wǒ zài shēngrén miànqián yǒudiǎn jūjǐn.) - I'm a bit reserved in front of strangers. - 她在第一次约会时显得很拘谨。 (Tā zài dì yī cì yuēhuì shí xiǎnde hěn jūjǐn.) - She seemed very reserved on her first date. - 别太拘谨，放轻松！ (Bié tài jūjǐn, fàng qīngsōng!) - Don't be too reserved, relax! - 他的笑容有点拘谨。 (Tā de xiàoróng yǒudiǎn jūjǐn.) - His smile was a bit stiff/reserved.
Im Alltag üben
Kontexte aus dem Alltag
Meeting new people
- 他初次见面时有点拘谨。
- She was a bit reserved when meeting for the first time.
- 不要拘谨，放轻松。
- Don't be overly cautious, relax.
- 她看起来有点拘谨，不爱说话。
- She seemed a bit reserved, not very talkative.
Formal events
- 在正式场合，他总是表现得很拘谨。
- He always acts reserved in formal settings.
- 大家都比较拘谨，气氛有点严肃。
- Everyone was quite reserved, and the atmosphere was a bit serious.
- 她穿着很拘谨，不像是来参加派对的。
- She was dressed very conservatively, not like she was coming to a party.
Public speaking
- 他第一次演讲时很拘谨，声音很小。
- He was very reserved during his first speech, his voice was very low.
- 别拘谨，大胆说出你的想法。
- Don't be reserved, boldly speak your mind.
- 她站在台上有些拘谨，不敢和观众互动。
- She was a bit reserved on stage, not daring to interact with the audience.
Expressing emotions
- 他性格比较拘谨，不善于表达情感。
- He has a reserved personality, not good at expressing emotions.
- 她总是很拘谨，从不轻易表露喜怒哀乐。
- She is always very reserved, never easily showing joy, anger, sorrow, or happiness.
- 在家人面前，他反而更拘谨了。
- In front of his family, he became even more reserved.
Trying new things
- 第一次尝试新事物时，她总是很拘谨。
- She is always very cautious when trying new things for the first time.
- 不要拘谨，大胆去尝试吧。
- Don't be reserved, go ahead and try it boldly.
- 他做事有点拘谨，不敢冒险。
- He is a bit overcautious in his actions, not daring to take risks.
Gesprächseinstiege
"你觉得自己在陌生人面前会比较拘谨吗？"
"在什么情况下你会感到拘谨？"
"你有没有遇到过特别拘谨的人？他们是怎样的？"
"你认为拘谨是好事还是坏事？为什么？"
"有什么办法可以帮助一个拘谨的人变得更放松？"
Tagebuch-Impulse
描述一次你感到拘谨的经历。是什么让你感到拘谨？你是如何应对的？
你认为自己的性格是属于比较拘谨的吗？请举例说明。
写一篇短文，探讨“拘谨”在不同文化中的表现和意义。
设想一个情景：你和一个非常拘谨的人一起工作。你将如何帮助他/她放松并融入团队？
反思：在哪些方面，稍微拘谨一些对你来说是有益的？在哪些方面，你希望能更放开一些？
Teste dich selbst 42 Fragen
Choose the correct translation for '你好' (nǐ hǎo).
'你好' is a common greeting in Chinese, meaning 'hello' or 'how do you do'.
Which of these means 'thank you' in Chinese?
'谢谢' is the standard way to say 'thank you' in Chinese.
What does '再见' (zài jiàn) mean?
'再见' is used to say 'goodbye' in Chinese.
'对不起' (duì bu qǐ) means 'I'm sorry'.
Yes, '对不起' is the phrase for 'I'm sorry' or 'excuse me' in Chinese.
'不客气' (bú kè qì) means 'you're welcome'.
That's right! '不客气' is the common response to '谢谢' (thank you).
'是' (shì) means 'no'.
'是' means 'yes' or 'to be'. The word for 'no' is '不' (bù).
She seems a bit reserved.
He always speaks very reservedly.
You don't need to be so reserved.
Read this aloud:
她看起来有点拘谨。
Focus: jūjǐn
Du hast gesagt:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
他说话总是很拘谨。
Focus: jūjǐn
Du hast gesagt:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
你不用那么拘谨。
Focus: jūjǐn
Du hast gesagt:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
You are at a formal dinner for the first time. Describe how you might feel and act, using the word "拘谨" (jūjǐn).
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
这是我第一次参加这么正式的晚宴，我觉得有点拘谨，不敢随便说话。
Describe a situation where someone you know is acting reserved or overcautious, using "拘谨" (jūjǐn).
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
我的新同事刚来，他看起来有点拘谨，不太和大家交流。
Write a short sentence about why someone might feel "拘谨" (jūjǐn) in a new environment.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
因为对新环境不熟悉，她感到有些拘谨。
小明为什么感到拘谨？
Read this passage:
小明第一次见到他的女朋友的家人，他感到非常拘谨，说话也小心翼翼的。他不知道该说什么，也不敢开玩笑。
小明为什么感到拘谨？
文章中提到小明第一次见到女朋友的家人，并且说话小心翼翼，说明他感到拘谨是因为不自在。
文章中提到小明第一次见到女朋友的家人，并且说话小心翼翼，说明他感到拘谨是因为不自在。
新来的员工在年会上表现如何？
Read this passage:
在公司的年会上，新来的员工都显得有些拘谨，他们不太敢主动和领导交流。但是老员工们就比较放松，说说笑笑。
新来的员工在年会上表现如何？
文章中明确提到“新来的员工都显得有些拘谨，他们不太敢主动和领导交流”。
文章中明确提到“新来的员工都显得有些拘谨，他们不太敢主动和领导交流”。
根据这段话，我们可以推断出她是一个什么样的人？
Read this passage:
她是一个很内向的人，所以每次去不熟悉的地方或者见陌生人都会显得很拘谨。她不喜欢成为大家关注的焦点。
根据这段话，我们可以推断出她是一个什么样的人？
文章开头就说明她是一个很内向的人，并且在不熟悉的地方或见陌生人会拘谨。
文章开头就说明她是一个很内向的人，并且在不熟悉的地方或见陌生人会拘谨。
Describe a situation where someone might feel 拘谨. What are some common reasons for feeling this way?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
在第一次和新同事见面时，我可能会感到有些拘谨，因为我不确定应该说什么或怎么表现。在一个正式的晚宴上，面对很多不认识的人，我也可能会感到拘谨。
Imagine you are meeting your partner's parents for the first time. How might you feel? Use 拘谨 in your answer and explain why.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
第一次见我伴侣的父母时，我肯定会感到有点拘谨。我想给他们留下一个好印象，所以我会特别注意自己的言行举止，尽量不冒犯他们。
Think about a time you felt 拘谨. What did you do to overcome that feeling, or did you just let it pass?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
有一次参加一个行业聚会，我一开始感到很拘谨，因为我不认识任何人。后来我决定主动和旁边的人打招呼，慢慢地聊起来，感觉就放松多了。
小明为什么感到拘谨？
Read this passage:
小明第一次参加正式的商务晚宴，他感到非常拘谨，说话也变得小心翼翼。他担心自己的表现不好，会给公司带来不好的影响。他尽量保持沉默，只是偶尔回应一下别人的问题。
小明为什么感到拘谨？
文章中明确提到小明是第一次参加正式的商务晚宴，并且担心自己的表现不好。
文章中明确提到小明是第一次参加正式的商务晚宴，并且担心自己的表现不好。
这位新同事在大家看来有什么特点？
Read this passage:
那个新来的同事总是很拘谨，从不主动和大家开玩笑。即使在轻松的场合，他也显得有些严肃。大家觉得他有点难相处，但其实他只是不善于表达。
这位新同事在大家看来有什么特点？
文章中提到“他总是很拘谨，从不主动和大家开玩笑。即使在轻松的场合，他也显得有些严肃。”
文章中提到“他总是很拘谨，从不主动和大家开玩笑。即使在轻松的场合，他也显得有些严肃。”
作者在面试时为什么感到拘谨？
Read this passage:
面试时，虽然我准备得很充分，但我还是感到有些拘谨。我尽量让自己放松，深呼吸了几次，但还是感觉手心出汗。我担心我的拘谨会影响我的表现。
作者在面试时为什么感到拘谨？
文章中明确提到“虽然我准备得很充分，但我还是感到有些拘谨。”
文章中明确提到“虽然我准备得很充分，但我还是感到有些拘谨。”
她第一次见到陌生人时总是显得很___。
Context suggests someone who is reserved or overcautious around strangers. '拘谨' (jūjǐn) fits this description. The other options mean generous/natural, cheerful, and lively, respectively.
在正式场合，他总是表现得有些___，不敢随意开玩笑。
The sentence implies a reserved or overly cautious demeanor in formal settings, avoiding casual jokes. '拘谨' (jūjǐn) is the correct fit. The other options mean casual, relaxed, and natural.
由于不熟悉环境，新来的员工在会议上显得有点___。
Not being familiar with the environment would make a new employee reserved or overcautious, which is '拘谨' (jūjǐn). '奔放' (bēnfàng) means unconstrained, '热情' (rèqíng) means enthusiastic, and '坦率' (tǎnshuài) means frank.
老师鼓励学生们在课堂上放松心情，不要太___。
The teacher is encouraging students to relax and not be too reserved or overcautious. '拘谨' (jūjǐn) fits perfectly here. The other options mean bold, lively, and open, respectively.
面试时，虽然他尽力表现得自信，但还是难掩一丝___。
Despite trying to appear confident, a hint of being reserved or overcautious ('拘谨' - jūjǐn) could still be present during an interview. The other options mean confident, calm, and natural/generous.
她从小性格比较___，不喜欢在众人面前表现自己。
Someone who doesn't like to show off in front of others is likely to be reserved or overcautious. '拘谨' (jūjǐn) describes this. The other options mean extroverted, cheerful, and lively.
你认为在什么情况下，一个人会表现得特别拘谨？请举例说明。
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
我认为在陌生或不熟悉的环境中，一个人会表现得特别拘谨。例如，第一次参加重要的商务会议，或者初次见未来的岳父母时，人们往往会因为担心犯错或留下不好的印象而显得小心翼翼，言行举止都比较谨慎，不敢随意表达。
请用“拘谨”描述一个你认识的人在特定场合的表现。
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
我的一个同事平时很开朗，但在一次公司年会上，因为有高层领导在场，他显得特别拘谨。他平时喜欢开玩笑，但在那晚却几乎不说话，喝酒也很慢，生怕言行不失分寸。
在中国的文化背景下，你认为“拘谨”是褒义词、贬义词还是中性词？请解释你的看法。
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
我认为在中国的文化背景下，“拘谨”更多是一个中性词，但有时也略带贬义。一方面，在某些正式场合，适度的拘谨可以被理解为一种礼貌和对场合的尊重。然而，如果一个人总是过于拘谨，可能会显得不自信，错失表达自己的机会，甚至给人留下不合群的印象。
根据短文，小李为什么表现得拘谨？
Read this passage:
小李第一次去女朋友家拜访，虽然女友的父母非常热情，但他还是显得有些拘谨。他说话轻声细语，吃饭时也小心翼翼，生怕有什么不妥当的地方。女友的父母看出了他的紧张，便主动找话题，试图让他放松。
根据短文，小李为什么表现得拘谨？
短文中提到“他第一次去女朋友家拜访”和“生怕有什么不妥当的地方”，表明他是因为第一次去女朋友家感到紧张。
短文中提到“他第一次去女朋友家拜访”和“生怕有什么不妥当的地方”，表明他是因为第一次去女朋友家感到紧张。
根据短文，下列哪个说法是正确的？
Read this passage:
老王是个性格豪爽的人，无论走到哪里都能和人打成一片。然而，有一次在参加一个国际学术会议时，他却一反常态，表现得十分拘谨。他很少发言，即使发言也显得非常谨慎，这让他的同事们感到很意外。
根据短文，下列哪个说法是正确的？
短文明确指出“他却一反常态，表现得十分拘谨”，说明他在国际学术会议上的表现是不同寻常的。
短文明确指出“他却一反常态，表现得十分拘谨”，说明他在国际学术会议上的表现是不同寻常的。
根据短文，在传统文化中，女性的“拘谨”有时被认为是？
Read this passage:
在中国的传统文化中，女性被期望表现得更加内敛和含蓄，尤其是在公共场合。因此，一些女性在社交中可能会显得比较拘谨，这在一定程度上被认为是得体的表现。然而，随着社会的发展，这种观念也在逐渐改变。
根据短文，在传统文化中，女性的“拘谨”有时被认为是？
短文中提到“这在一定程度上被认为是得体的表现”，得体即是合乎礼仪、好的表现，可以理解为一种美德。
短文中提到“这在一定程度上被认为是得体的表现”，得体即是合乎礼仪、好的表现，可以理解为一种美德。
This sentence describes someone becoming reserved for the first time on stage. The order follows a natural Chinese sentence structure: Subject (她) + Time/Context (第一次上台) + Verb (变得) + Adjective (拘谨) + Particle (了).
This sentence talks about someone appearing reserved in a meeting. The structure is: Subject (他) + Location/Context (在会议上) + Verb (显得) + Degree (有点) + Adjective (拘谨).
This sentence explains that her reserved personality prevents her from being uninhibited. The causal relationship is expressed with '因为...所以...'. Here, '性格拘谨' acts as the cause, and '总是放不开' is the result. The '因为' is implied before '她性格拘谨'.
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Perfect score!
Verwandte Inhalte
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