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A2 noun 10 min de lectura

پایه

Ejemplos
Explicación پایه in your Level:
At the A1 level, focus on the most concrete meaning of 'pâye': the leg of a piece of furniture. Imagine you are in a room. You see a table ('miz') and a chair ('sandali'). Each of these has legs that support them. These legs are called 'pâye'. You might use this word if you are shopping or describing your house. For example, 'This table has four legs' (In miz chahâr pâye dârad). You don't need to worry about the abstract meanings yet. Just associate 'pâye' with the physical supports you see every day. It is a simple noun, and you can make it plural by adding '-hâ' to the end: 'pâye-hâ'. Remember that it sounds like 'pâ' (foot), which helps you remember its meaning as a support. Keep your sentences short and descriptive. At this stage, 'pâye' is just an object in your environment.
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At the A2 level, you expand your use of 'pâye' to include the Iranian school system. You will frequently hear and use this word to describe which grade a student is in. Instead of just physical legs, 'pâye' now represents a level of progress. You will learn to say things like 'I am in the second grade' (Man dar pâye-ye dovvom hastam). This is very useful for basic introductions and talking about your family. You might also encounter 'pâye' in the context of simple tools, like a 'pâye-ye durbin' (camera tripod/stand). You are beginning to see that 'pâye' isn't just for furniture; it is for anything that provides a base or a level. You should practice linking 'pâye' with ordinal numbers (first, second, third) to describe educational steps. This is a key part of daily conversation for students and parents in Iran.
By B1, you should start using 'pâye' in its more abstract and idiomatic forms. This is where the word becomes really fun. You will learn the slang usage: 'Pâye budan'. This means 'to be game' or 'to be down' for an activity. If your friends want to go to the cinema, you can say 'Man pâye-am!' to show you're enthusiastic. Additionally, you will start seeing 'pâye' in professional and financial contexts, such as 'hoquq-e pâye' (base salary). You are now moving from simple objects and grades to concepts of foundation and social agreement. You should also be able to use 'pâye' to describe the 'foundation' of your skills. For example, 'My foundation in Persian is strong' (Pâye-ye zabân-e Fârsi-ye man qavi ast). At this level, you understand that 'pâye' is the essential starting point or the support system for both physical and non-physical things.
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At the B2 level, your understanding of 'pâye' should include its role in technical and formal language. You will encounter it in scientific discussions, such as the 'base' of a logarithm or the 'monetary base' in economics. You should be comfortable using it in complex sentences that discuss the 'basis' of an argument or a legal claim. You will also learn more specific compound words like 'pâye-ye yek' (first-class), which is used for top-tier professional licenses. Your vocabulary should now include the distinction between 'pâye' and its synonyms like 'asâs' and 'bonyâd'. You can explain why a certain claim has 'no foundation' (pâye va asâs nadârad). Your use of the word becomes more precise, and you can switch between its literal, educational, social, and technical meanings without hesitation. You are now using 'pâye' like a fluent speaker to describe the fundamental structures of society and logic.
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At the C1 level, 'pâye' is used with nuance in literature, high-level journalism, and academic writing. You will recognize its use in describing the 'pillars' of a civilization or the 'foundational' texts of a movement. You understand the subtle difference between 'pâye' (structural support/level) and 'rokn' (essential pillar/element). You can use 'pâye' to discuss seniority and hierarchy within the Iranian bureaucracy, where a person's 'pâye' determines their specific rank and authority. You are also sensitive to the historical etymology of the word, seeing its connection to Middle Persian and how it has evolved to support modern technical terminology. Your ability to use 'pâye' in the 'from the ground up' (az pâye) sense allows you to discuss systemic reforms and deep-seated problems. You can use the word to articulate complex ideas about the stability and support systems of abstract concepts like democracy or justice.
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At the C2 level, 'pâye' is a tool for philosophical precision. You can use it to discuss the 'ontological foundation' of a being or the 'epistemological base' of a theory. You are familiar with its use in classical Persian poetry and prose, where it might describe the 'rank' of a courtier or the 'base' of a heavenly throne. You can effortlessly navigate its most technical applications in engineering, physics, and advanced mathematics. You understand the cultural weight of being 'pâye' in social contexts, recognizing it as a value of loyalty and reliability in Iranian 'marâm' (code of conduct). You can write essays or give lectures where 'pâye' functions as a central metaphor for stability, growth, and structure. At this stage, the word is not just a vocabulary item; it is a conceptual anchor that you use to build sophisticated and culturally resonant discourse in any field of study or interaction.
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Ejemplos

The Persian word پایه (pâye) is a versatile and essential noun that every learner must master early on. At its most literal and primary level, it refers to the physical support or the bottom part of an object, such as the leg of a table, a chair, or the pedestal of a statue. However, its utility in the Persian language extends far beyond furniture. It serves as a foundational concept in education, physics, social interactions, and abstract reasoning. When you walk into a Persian home and notice a beautiful traditional table, the legs holding it up are its pâye-hâ. But if you are discussing a child's progress in school, you might ask what pâye (grade/level) they are in. This transition from the physical to the structural and then to the abstract is a hallmark of Persian linguistic logic.

Physical Support
In architectural and domestic contexts, it refers to columns, pillars, or the legs of furniture. If a table is wobbling, a Persian speaker might say the pâye is broken or uneven.
Educational Level
In the Iranian school system, pâye is the standard term for a 'grade' or 'year'. For example, pâye-ye dovvom means second grade.
Social Slang
In modern colloquial Persian, being pâye means you are 'down' for an activity, reliable, or a good sport. If someone asks, 'Are you pâye for a trip?', they are asking if you are game.

این میز یک پایه شکسته دارد.
(This table has one broken leg.)

Understanding the nuances of pâye requires looking at how it functions as a root for other concepts. In mathematics, it refers to the 'base' of an exponent or a number system. In law and logic, it refers to the 'basis' or 'foundation' of an argument. This breadth makes it a high-frequency word. You will encounter it in hardware stores, classrooms, and coffee shops. It is also used to describe the 'rank' or 'status' of professionals, particularly in government or academic positions, where one's pâye determines their seniority and salary bracket.

او در پایه پنجم دبستان درس می‌خواند.
(He studies in the fifth grade of elementary school.)

برای سفر شمال خیلی پایه هستم.
(I am very much 'down' for the trip to the North.)

Technical Base
In electronics, it can refer to the 'pin' or 'terminal' of a component like a transistor. In chemistry, it can occasionally refer to a base (though 'ghalyâ' is more technical).
The Basis of Truth
When combined as 'pâye va asâs', it refers to the fundamental truth or the very core foundation of a belief or system.

این ادعا هیچ پایه و اساسی ندارد.
(This claim has no foundation or basis.)

حقوق پایه کارگران باید افزایش یابد.
(The base salary of workers must be increased.)

Using پایه (pâye) correctly requires identifying whether you are speaking literally, educationally, or idiomatically. Because it is a noun, it often appears in Ezafe constructions (linked with a short 'e' sound to the next word). For instance, to say 'table leg', you say pâye-ye miz. To say 'basic salary', you say hoquq-e pâye. The versatility of this word allows it to function as a building block for complex sentences across many domains of life.

In the Home
When describing furniture or repairs. Example: 'The leg of this chair is loose.' (Pâye-ye in sandali loq ast.)
In the Office
When discussing contracts or finance. Example: 'What is the base salary for this position?' (Hoquq-e pâye barâye in samat chist?)
In Social Planning
When checking if someone is willing to join an activity. Example: 'Are you down for some hiking tomorrow?' (Barâye kuh-navardi-ye fardâ pâye-i?)

او همیشه برای کارهای خیر پایه است.
(He is always 'down' for charitable works.)

In more advanced contexts, pâye is used to describe theoretical foundations. If you are learning a new language, you need a strong pâye (foundation) in grammar. In engineering, the pâye of a bridge is the massive concrete structure that supports the weight of the road above. Note that in these contexts, the word emphasizes stability and the starting point of a larger structure.

ما باید پایه زبان خود را تقویت کنیم.
(We must strengthen our language foundation.)

پایههای این پل بسیار قدیمی هستند.
(The pillars/bases of this bridge are very old.)

Academic Context
'Pâye-ye tahsili' refers specifically to the academic grade level. 'In what grade are you?' (Dar che pâye-i hasti?)
Scientific Context
'Pâye' in math: 'The base of 10' (Pâye-ye dah). It is used in logarithms and exponents.

اگر پایه ریاضی‌ات خوب باشد، فیزیک آسان است.
(If your math foundation is good, physics is easy.)

او در پایه یک رانندگی قبول شد.
(He passed the first-class [heavy vehicle] driving license.)

In the bustling streets of Tehran or the quiet classrooms of Isfahan, پایه (pâye) is a word that rings out in various tones. If you are at a furniture market like Yaftabad, you will hear carpenters and shoppers discussing the pâye of sofas and beds. They might argue about whether a pâye-ye chubi (wooden leg) or a pâye-ye felezi (metal leg) is better for a modern look. This is the word's most tangible and common everyday use.

At School
Every September, as millions of Iranian students return to school, the word 'pâye' is on every parent's lips. 'Which grade is your daughter in?' (Dokhtaretun che pâye-i-ye?) is a standard polite question among neighbors.
Among Friends
In youth culture, 'pâye' is synonymous with being a 'team player'. If a group is planning a late-night pizza run, they will look for the 'pâye' friend who never says no. A 'pâye-ye sâbet' is a 'regular' or a 'permanent fixture' in a group of friends.

علی برای هر ماجراجویی‌ای پایه است.
(Ali is down for any adventure.)

You will also hear this word frequently in news broadcasts and economic reports. Terms like pâye-ye puli (monetary base) or hoquq-e pâye (minimum/base wage) are critical to understanding the Iranian economy. In these contexts, the word carries a weight of formality and systemic importance. It represents the floor below which things cannot drop or the starting point for all subsequent calculations.

بانک مرکزی پایه پولی را کنترل می‌کند.
(The Central Bank controls the monetary base.)

لطفاً میکروفون را روی پایه بگذار.
(Please put the microphone on the stand.)

Photography
'Se-pâye' (Tripod) and 'Tek-pâye' (Monopod) are essential vocabulary for any Persian-speaking photographer.
Art and Sculpture
The 'pâye' of a statue is its pedestal. In museums, you might hear 'Don't touch the base' (Be pâye dast nazanid).

این دوربین به یک سه-پایه محکم نیاز دارد.
(This camera needs a sturdy tripod.)

گواهینامه پایه سه گرفتم.
(I got my third-class [standard] driver's license.)

One of the most frequent mistakes for English speakers learning Persian is confusing پایه (pâye) with پا (pâ). While both relate to the concept of a 'foot' or 'support', they are not interchangeable. Pâ refers to the biological foot of a human or animal, whereas pâye refers to the mechanical or structural support of an object. You would never say a table has four 'pâ'; it has four 'pâye'. Conversely, a human does not have 'pâye' unless you are speaking metaphorically about their foundation.

Pâ vs. Pâye
Use 'Pâ' for body parts. Use 'Pâye' for furniture, stands, and abstract foundations. Mistake: 'Pâ-ye miz' (Incorrect). Correct: 'Pâye-ye miz'.
Educational Grades
Learners often try to use 'kelâs' (class) when they should use 'pâye' (grade). While 'kelâs-e avval' is common, 'pâye-ye avval' is the more formal and precise way to refer to the level itself rather than the physical classroom.

پایم درد می‌کند (My foot hurts).
Not: Pâye-am dard mikonad.

Another nuance involves the colloquial usage. Some learners forget that when using pâye to mean 'I am down', you must conjugate the verb 'to be' (budan) or simply use the personal endings. You cannot just say 'Man pâye' (I base); you must say 'Man pâye-am' or 'Man pâye hastam'. Also, be careful with 'asâs' (foundation). While 'pâye' and 'asâs' are synonyms, 'asâs' is almost never used for physical chair legs.

او پایه نیست که بیاید.
(He is not 'down' to come.)

این صندلی پایههای کوتاهی دارد.
(This chair has short legs.)

Formal vs. Informal
Using 'pâye' for 'down' is informal. In a job interview, don't say 'I am pâye for this project.' Use 'âmâde' (ready) or 'moshtâq' (eager) instead.
Spelling
Ensure you don't confuse it with 'pâ-ye' (the foot of...), which is written with a space or semi-space (nim-fâsele). 'Pâye' is a single word.

او پایه دهم است.
(He is in the tenth grade.)

Persian is rich with synonyms that touch upon the concept of support and foundation. While پایه (pâye) is the most versatile, knowing when to use its alternatives will make your Persian sound more sophisticated. For instance, in philosophical or deeply structural contexts, words of Arabic origin like asâs or bonyâd are often preferred. Understanding these distinctions is key to reaching higher CEFR levels.

Asâs (اساس)
Refers to the 'basis' or 'principle'. Used for theories, laws, and logical arguments. Example: 'The basis of this theory' (Asâs-e in nazariye).
Bonyâd (بنیاد)
Often refers to a 'foundation' in the sense of an organization (e.g., Bonyâd-e Shahid) or the deep-rooted foundation of a building.
Sotun (ستون)
Means 'pillar' or 'column'. While a chair has a 'pâye', a temple has 'sotun'. Metaphorically, a person can be the 'sotun' (pillar) of a family.

این ساختمان بر بنیاد محکمی استوار است.
(This building stands on a firm foundation.)

If you are looking for a word to describe 'rank', marta-be or daraje can sometimes overlap with pâye. However, pâye is specifically used for government scales. In the context of school, maghta' refers to a broader educational stage (like 'high school' vs 'middle school'), while pâye is the specific year.

او به درجه استادی رسید.
(He reached the rank of professor.)

نماز یکی از ارکان دین است.
(Prayer is one of the pillars [arkân, plural of rokn] of religion.)

Pâ-ye (پایِ)
Not a synonym, but a homophone. It means 'at the foot of'. 'At the foot of the mountain' (Pâ-ye kuh). Don't confuse it with 'Pâye'.
Zamine (زمینه)
Means 'background' or 'context'. Used when discussing the field or basis of a study.

او در این زمینه تخصص دارد.
(He has expertise in this field/background.)

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Ejemplos por nivel

1

میز چهار پایه دارد.

The table has four legs.

Simple noun usage.

2

این پایه صندلی است.

This is a chair leg.

Ezafe construction (pâye-ye).

3

پایه میز کج است.

The table leg is crooked.

Subject-adjective sentence.

4

من یک پایه می‌خواهم.

I want a stand/base.

Indefinite 'yek'.

5

پایه‌ها بلند هستند.

The legs are tall.

Plural '-hâ'.

6

این پایه چوبی است.

This base is wooden.

Noun + Adjective.

7

پایه شکسته است.

The leg is broken.

Past participle as adjective.

8

چرا پایه کوتاه است؟

Why is the leg short?

Interrogative.

1

او در پایه دوم است.

He is in the second grade.

Pâye meaning 'grade'.

2

پایه تحصیلی شما چیست؟

What is your academic grade/level?

Formal question.

3

من پایه پنجم هستم.

I am in the fifth grade.

Direct identification.

4

این پایه دوربین است.

This is a camera tripod/stand.

Compound concept.

5

پایه چراغ کجاست؟

Where is the lamp stand?

Location question.

6

او پایه ششم را تمام کرد.

He finished the sixth grade.

Past tense verb.

7

پایه میز را سفت کن.

Tighten the table leg.

Imperative.

8

ما به یک پایه نیاز داریم.

We need a base.

Verb 'niyâz dâshtan'.

1

برای سینما پایه هستی؟

Are you down for the cinema?

Slang usage of 'pâye'.

2

من همیشه پایه هستم.

I am always down (game).

Adverb 'hamishe'.

3

حقوق پایه چقدر است؟

How much is the base salary?

Economic term.

4

پایه ریاضی او ضعیف است.

His math foundation is weak.

Abstract foundation.

5

او یک دوست پایه است.

He is a 'down' (reliable/fun) friend.

Slang as adjective.

6

این صندلی پایه فلزی دارد.

This chair has a metal base/legs.

Material adjective.

7

پایه میکروفون را بیاور.

Bring the microphone stand.

Direct object with 'râ'.

8

پایه دیوار خراب شده است.

The foundation of the wall is ruined.

Passive voice.

1

این حرف هیچ پایه و اساسی ندارد.

This talk has no foundation or basis.

Common idiom 'pâye va asâs'.

2

گواهینامه پایه یک دارم.

I have a first-class (heavy vehicle) license.

Professional rank.

3

پایه پولی کشور افزایش یافت.

The country's monetary base increased.

Formal economic context.

4

باید از پایه شروع کنیم.

We must start from the base/ground up.

Prepositional phrase 'az pâye'.

5

پایه های پل محکم هستند.

The pillars of the bridge are strong.

Plural in engineering.

6

او پایه دهم تدریس می‌کند.

He teaches the tenth grade.

Occupational context.

7

این عدد در پایه ده است.

This number is in base ten.

Mathematical context.

8

پایه های تخت را باز کن.

Disassemble the bed legs.

Compound verb 'bâz kardan'.

1

پایه های دموکراسی در خطر است.

The foundations of democracy are in danger.

Political metaphor.

2

او به پایه استادی ارتقا یافت.

He was promoted to the rank of professor.

Bureaucratic rank.

3

این مبل پایه های استیل دارد.

This sofa has steel legs.

Specific material.

4

پایه های اعتقادی او لرزان است.

His foundational beliefs are shaky.

Spiritual/Intellectual metaphor.

5

ما باید مشکل را از پایه حل کنیم.

We must solve the problem fundamentally.

Adverbial 'az pâye'.

6

پایه های این نظریه علمی است.

The foundations of this theory are scientific.

Epistemological context.

7

او پایه ثابت تمام جلسات است.

He is a permanent fixture (regular) at all meetings.

Slang evolved to formal idiom.

8

پایه های اقتصادی شهر ضعیف است.

The economic foundations of the city are weak.

Urban planning context.

1

این بنا بر پایه های سنگی استوار است.

This edifice is firmly established on stone foundations.

Literary register.

2

پایه های معرفت‌شناختی این بحث پیچیده است.

The epistemological foundations of this discussion are complex.

Academic/Philosophical.

3

او در پایه یازده قضایی خدمت می‌کند.

He serves in the eleventh judicial rank.

Specific legal hierarchy.

4

شعر او بر پایه سنت‌های کهن است.

His poetry is based on ancient traditions.

Literary analysis.

5

پایه های قدرت او در حال فروپاشی است.

The foundations of his power are collapsing.

Geopolitical metaphor.

6

این دارو بر پایه ترکیبات گیاهی است.

This medicine is based on herbal compounds.

Pharmacological base.

7

او پایه گذار این مکتب فکری بود.

He was the founder of this school of thought.

Compound noun 'pâye-gozâr'.

8

پایه های صلح جهانی لرزان شده است.

The foundations of world peace have become shaky.

Global discourse.

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