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A1 adjective 12 دقیقه مطالعه

krásný

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها krásný در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح krásný in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'krásný' is one of the first adjectives you will learn. It is primarily used for simple, direct descriptions of people, places, and things. At this stage, you should focus on the nominative forms: 'krásný' for masculine, 'krásná' for feminine, and 'krásné' for neuter. You will use it to describe the weather ('krásné počasí'), a person's appearance ('krásná žena'), or a city ('krásné město'). The emphasis is on building basic vocabulary and understanding that the ending changes based on the gender of the noun. You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet, just getting the gender right in simple 'To je...' (That is...) sentences. It's a high-frequency word that will help you sound positive and appreciative in basic conversations. You will also learn the common greeting 'Krásný den!' which is a polite way to end an interaction. Remember that the 'r' is rolled, and the final 'ý' is long. Practice saying 'krásný' alongside simple nouns you already know, like 'dům' (house) or 'pes' (dog).

At the A2 level, you begin to use 'krásný' in more varied grammatical contexts. You will encounter it in the accusative case, which is used for the object of a sentence. For example, 'Mám krásný dům' (I have a beautiful house) or 'Vidím krásnou zahradu' (I see a beautiful garden). You will also start using the adverbial form 'krásně' to describe how something is done or how something feels, such as 'Dnes je krásně' (Today it is beautiful/the weather is good). At this level, you should also become familiar with the comparative form 'krásnější' (more beautiful). You might say 'Tato kytka je krásnější než tamta' (This flower is more beautiful than that one). Your understanding of 'krásný' expands from just physical beauty to include pleasant experiences and events, like 'krásná dovolená' (a beautiful vacation). You are also expected to handle the plural forms more consistently, distinguishing between 'krásné' for inanimate objects and 'krásní' for people. This level is about moving from isolated words to more fluid, descriptive sentences.

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At the B1 level, you use 'krásný' to express more nuanced opinions and feelings. You are comfortable using it in all cases (genitive, dative, locative, etc.). For instance, 'Mluvili jsme o krásném filmu' (We talked about a beautiful movie) using the locative case. You also start to recognize the word in more abstract contexts, such as describing a 'krásná myšlenka' (a beautiful thought) or a 'krásný vztah' (a beautiful relationship). At this stage, you should be able to use the superlative 'nejkrásnější' effectively to make comparisons in a group. You'll also encounter more synonyms and learn when 'krásný' is the best choice versus 'nádherný' or 'hezký'. Your vocabulary family around the word grows to include 'krása' (beauty). You can participate in longer discussions about art, travel, or personal experiences where 'krásný' serves as a key descriptive tool. You also begin to understand subtle social cues, like using 'krásný' to be extra polite or to show genuine enthusiasm. Your pronunciation should be more natural, with the correct vowel lengths and the trilled 'r' becoming more consistent.

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At the B2 level, 'krásný' is used with precision and stylistic awareness. You understand its role in literature and media. You can use it in complex sentence structures, such as 'Ačkoliv to byl krásný den, zůstali jsme doma' (Although it was a beautiful day, we stayed home). You are aware of the word's potential for irony or sarcasm, depending on the tone. You also start to use related terms like 'zkrášlit' (to beautify) or 'okrasný' (decorative). At this level, you can describe complex aesthetic concepts, such as the 'krásná literatura' (belles-lettres/fiction). You are capable of using 'krásný' to describe moral qualities, such as 'krásný charakter' (a beautiful character). You also understand how the word functions in various registers, from formal speeches to informal slang. Your ability to decline the word in all plural cases, including the tricky masculine animate dative or instrumental, should be solid. You can also use 'krásně' in figurative senses, like 'krásně se to vyvinulo' (it developed beautifully/well).

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At the C1 level, your use of 'krásný' is indistinguishable from that of a native speaker. You use it to add color and depth to your language. You understand the historical and etymological roots of the word and how it has evolved. You can appreciate its use in classic Czech poetry and use it yourself to create evocative descriptions. You are aware of rare or archaic forms and can use the word in sophisticated idioms and collocations. For example, you might use it in a debate about aesthetics or ethics, discussing the 'krása' of a logical argument. You are also proficient in using the word to convey subtle emotional states. Your mastery includes the ability to use the word in highly formal contexts, such as academic writing or professional critiques of art and architecture. You understand the cultural weight the word carries in the Czech identity and can engage in deep conversations about what constitutes 'krása' in Czech society. Your use of 'krásně' as an intensifier or a filler word in casual speech is also natural and well-timed.

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At the C2 level, you have a complete mastery of 'krásný' and its place within the vast tapestry of the Czech language. You can play with the word, using it in puns, creative writing, and high-level rhetoric. You understand the most obscure synonyms and antonyms and can choose between them to achieve specific stylistic effects. You can analyze the use of 'krásný' in the works of great Czech authors and discuss its philosophical implications. Your pronunciation is perfect, including the subtle rhythm of the word within a sentence. You can use the word to express the highest levels of admiration or the most biting sarcasm with ease. At this level, 'krásný' is not just a word in your vocabulary; it is a tool that you use with complete confidence and artistry. You can also identify and use regional variations or dialectal forms of the word if necessary. You are fully attuned to the emotional resonance 'krásný' has for native speakers and can use it to build strong, empathetic connections in any conversation or written piece.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

krásný در ۳۰ ثانیه

Krásný is the primary Czech word for 'beautiful'.
It is a hard adjective that must agree with the noun's gender and case.
It is stronger and more emotional than the word 'hezký' (nice).
It is used for people, nature, art, and pleasant experiences.

The Czech word krásný is one of the most fundamental and emotionally resonant adjectives in the Czech language. At its core, it translates to 'beautiful' or 'lovely' in English. However, its usage spans a much wider emotional and descriptive range than just physical attractiveness. When a Czech speaker uses the word krásný, they are expressing a deep sense of aesthetic pleasure, harmony, or moral excellence. It is the primary way to describe a picturesque landscape, a stunning piece of art, a handsome person, or even a particularly kind gesture. Unlike the word 'hezký', which often translates to 'nice' or 'pretty' and carries a slightly more casual weight, krásný suggests a higher level of intensity and perfection. It is the word used for the 'Fine Arts' in Czech, which are called krásná umění.

Aesthetic Scope: Used for visual beauty, such as architecture, nature, and human appearance. It implies a sense of wonder.
Emotional Depth: Can describe experiences, days, or memories that were particularly fulfilling or happy.
Grammatical Flexibility: As a hard adjective ending in -ý, it changes its suffix based on the gender and case of the noun it modifies.

In daily life, you will hear it used to describe the weather—krásné počasí—which is the goal of every vacationer. It is also used in polite social formulas, such as Krásný den! (Have a beautiful day!). Because Czech culture places a high value on nature and the outdoors, you will frequently find this word in descriptions of the Bohemian and Moravian countrysides. It isn't just about looking good; it's about a feeling of rightness in the world.

To je opravdu krásný výhled na Prahu.

Máš krásné oči.

Furthermore, the word appears in many cultural contexts, from folk songs celebrating the beauty of the homeland to modern literature. It is an essential part of the vocabulary for anyone wishing to express appreciation or gratitude. When someone does you a favor, you might say To je od vás krásné (That is beautiful/kind of you), elevating the act from mere politeness to something meaningful.

Dnes je krásně, půjdeme ven.

In this last example, the adverbial form krásně is used to describe the state of the weather. The versatility of the root krás- allows for the creation of many related words that all tie back to this central concept of beauty.

Přeji vám krásný zbytek večera.

Byl to krásný zážitek pro celou rodinu.

Social Context: Often used in greetings and farewells to wish someone a pleasant time.
Artistic Context: The standard adjective for describing works of art, music, and high culture.

Understanding this word is key to understanding the Czech soul, which often finds deep meaning in the quiet beauty of everyday things. Whether you are looking at the Vltava river at sunset or listening to a Smetana composition, krásný is the word that will come to mind most naturally.

Using krásný correctly in a sentence requires an understanding of Czech adjective declension. Because it is a 'hard' adjective (ending in -ý), its endings change to match the gender, number, and case of the noun it describes. This is the first hurdle for English speakers, who are used to adjectives being immutable.

Masculine Singular: krásný (nominative) - e.g., krásný dům (a beautiful house).
Feminine Singular: krásná (nominative) - e.g., krásná žena (a beautiful woman).
Neuter Singular: krásné (nominative) - e.g., krásné auto (a beautiful car).

In the plural, the forms become even more specific. For masculine animate nouns (people and animals), the nominative plural is krásní (e.g., krásní muži). For masculine inanimate and feminine nouns, it is krásné (e.g., krásné stromy, krásné dívky). For neuter nouns, the plural is krásná (e.g., krásná města).

Viděli jsme krásná města v Itálii.

When you want to say something is 'beautifully' done, you use the adverb krásně. This is very common when talking about weather, music, or smells.

Ta květina krásně voní.

The word can also be intensified with adverbs like velmi (very) or moc (very/much). Moc krásný is a very common phrase in spoken Czech.

To byl moc krásný film.

Beyond physical descriptions, krásný is used in time expressions. Krásné prázdniny (Beautiful holidays) or krásné narozeniny (Beautiful birthday) are standard ways to offer wishes. In professional contexts, you might describe a 'beautiful' solution to a problem, meaning one that is elegant and efficient.

Vymyslel krásné řešení našeho problému.

It's also important to note the comparative and superlative forms: krásnější (more beautiful) and nejkrásnější (most beautiful).

Praha je nejkrásnější město na světě.

Comparative: krásnější - used to compare two things.
Superlative: nejkrásnější - used to describe the peak of beauty.

When using krásný with verbs like 'být' (to be), the adjective must still agree with the subject. Ona je krásná (She is beautiful) vs. On je krásný (He is beautiful). This consistency is vital for sounding natural. In more advanced usage, you might encounter krásný in the instrumental case after certain prepositions: před krásným domem (in front of a beautiful house). Mastering these variations allows you to weave the word into any conversation seamlessly. Finally, remember that krásný can sometimes be used ironically to mean 'great' in a sarcastic sense, like 'That's just great' (To je teda krásný), though this depends heavily on tone of voice. However, for a learner, focusing on its positive, admiring sense is the best way to start.

You will hear krásný everywhere in the Czech Republic, from the bustling streets of Prague to the quietest mountain villages. It is a staple of the spoken language. If you walk into a shop or a café, the staff might wish you a krásný den as you leave. This isn't just a scripted phrase; it's a standard part of Czech social etiquette.

In Nature: Hikers frequently use it to describe views from 'rozhledny' (lookout towers).
In Media: Weather presenters use it to describe sunny, pleasant days.
In Romantic Contexts: It is the go-to word for complimenting a partner's appearance or a romantic evening.

On television, especially in travel shows or documentaries about Czech history and architecture, krásný and its superlative nejkrásnější are used constantly to highlight the country's heritage. Think of the Charles Bridge at dawn—a classic krásný moment.

To je ale krásné ráno!

In family settings, parents often use the diminutive-like or soft tone to tell their children they have done something krásně. It's a word of encouragement. In literature, poets like Jaroslav Seifert, the Czech Nobel laureate, used the word to evoke the specific beauty of the Czech landscape and the city of Prague.

Byla to krásná doba.

You'll also encounter it in music. Many Czech songs, whether folk or pop, revolve around the theme of krásná láska (beautiful love) or krásná země (beautiful land). In cinema, a 'beautiful' performance by an actor is praised as krásný výkon. Even in sports, a well-executed goal or a graceful move can be called krásný gól.

Dal krásný gól do šibenice.

In social media, captions for photos of food, travel, or friends almost always include krásný or the adverb krásně. It is the ultimate positive descriptor in the Czech digital space. Whether you are reading a menu that describes a krásně upravený talíř (beautifully arranged plate) or a travel blog about krásy Šumavy (the beauties of Šumava), you are constantly immersed in this word's positive energy.

Měli jsme krásný čas na chatě.

In Greetings: 'Krásný večer!' is a common way to say 'Good evening' or 'Have a lovely evening'.
In Compliments: Directly praising someone's work or appearance: 'To je od tebe krásné.'

Ultimately, krásný is a word that connects the speaker to the world in a positive way. Hearing it often indicates a culture that appreciates the aesthetic and the pleasant moments of life.

For English speakers, the most frequent mistakes with krásný involve gender agreement and case declension. In English, 'beautiful' never changes, but in Czech, it must match its noun perfectly.

Gender Mismatch: Saying 'krásný žena' instead of 'krásná žena'. Masculine endings are often the 'default' for learners, but they must be adjusted.
Case Errors: Using the nominative 'krásný' when the accusative is required. For example, 'Vidím krásný dům' is correct (inanimate masc.), but 'Vidím krásný muže' is wrong; it should be 'krásného muže'.
Confusing with 'Hezký': Using 'krásný' for something that is merely 'okay' or 'nice'. While not grammatically wrong, it can sound overly dramatic.

Another common error is the misplacement of the adverb krásně. Learners might use the adjective where the adverb is needed. For example, saying 'On zpívá krásný' instead of 'On zpívá krásně' (He sings beautifully).

Špatně: On zpívá krásný. Správně: On zpívá krásně.

In the plural, learners often struggle with the 'animate' vs 'inanimate' distinction for masculine nouns. Krásní is only for groups of men or mixed groups including at least one man. For everything else (women, objects, animals in many cases), krásné is used.

Špatně: Krásné kluci. Správně: Krásní kluci.

Furthermore, the pronunciation of the long -ý at the end of the masculine form is often shortened by English speakers. It should be a distinct, long 'ee' sound. If you shorten it, you might sound like you're using a different case or dialect.

Dávejte pozor na délku samohlásky: krásný [kraːsniː].

Finally, avoid overusing krásný in situations where a more specific adjective would be better. If a meal is tasty, use chutný or dobrý. Krásný describes the presentation of the food, not necessarily the flavor.

Overstatement: Calling a simple pencil 'krásný' might sound odd unless it is truly an artistic pencil.
Spelling: Forgeting the accent on the 'á' (krásný) or the 'ý' at the end. These marks indicate vowel length, which is crucial in Czech.

By paying attention to these details, you will avoid the typical 'foreigner' sounding mistakes and speak much more like a native.

Czech is rich in adjectives that describe beauty, and choosing the right one can make your speech much more precise and sophisticated.

Hezký: The most common alternative. It means 'nice' or 'pretty'. It is less intense than 'krásný'. You might have a 'hezký' sweater, but a 'krásný' wedding dress.
Nádherný: Meaning 'magnificent' or 'gorgeous'. This is one step above 'krásný'. Use it for something truly breathtaking, like a sunset over the Alps or a royal palace.
Půvabný: Translates to 'charming' or 'graceful'. Often used for people, music, or small, delicate things. It suggests a subtle, elegant beauty.

To je nádherný den, že?

For describing men specifically, pohledný (good-looking/handsome) is a common alternative, though krásný is perfectly acceptable. If you want to describe something as 'cute', especially animals or children, use roztomilý.

To štěně je tak roztomilé!

In a more formal or literary context, you might see spanilý (archaic/poetic for beautiful/graceful) or líbezný (sweet/lovely). These are rare in conversation but common in old stories and poems.

Úžasný: Meaning 'amazing' or 'wonderful'. Often used interchangeably with 'krásný' in casual speech when expressing enthusiasm.
Skvostný: Meaning 'splendid' or 'exquisite'. Usually refers to jewelry, architecture, or very high-quality items.

Viděli jsme skvostné šperky v muzeu.

Finally, the word překrásný (very beautiful) uses the prefix pře- to add emphasis. It is essentially the same as 'nádherný'. By learning these synonyms, you can avoid repeating the same word and show a deeper command of the Czech language. Whether you're describing a půvabná slečna (charming young lady) or an úžasný koncert (amazing concert), you'll have the right tool for the job.

Je to překrásná práce.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

In Russian, the cognate 'krasnyj' shifted its meaning to 'red', while in Czech, it retained the meaning of 'beautiful'. This is why 'Červené náměstí' in Moscow is called 'Red Square'—it originally meant 'Beautiful Square'.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /ˈkraːsniː/

US /ˈkraːsniː/

The stress is always on the first syllable in Czech: KRÁ-sný.

هم‌قافیه با

jasný (clear) hlasný (loud) včasný (timely) spásný (saving) mastný (greasy) vlastní (own) šťastný (happy) vzácný (rare)

خطاهای رایج

Shortening the long 'á' to a short 'a'.
Shortening the final 'ý' to a short 'y/i'.
Pronouncing the 'r' as an English 'r' instead of trilling it.
Aspirating the 'k' (putting a puff of air after it).
Misplacing the stress on the second syllable.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 1/5

Easy to recognize and common in all texts.

نوشتن 3/5

Requires correct gender and case endings, which can be tricky.

صحبت کردن 3/5

The trilled 'r' and long vowels require practice.

گوش دادن 1/5

Very easy to hear due to its frequency and distinct sound.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

být den počasí člověk mít

بعداً یاد بگیرید

nádherný ošklivý vypadat barva styl

پیشرفته

estetika půvab harmonie skvost vznešený

گرامر لازم

Hard Adjective Declension

Masc: krásný, Fem: krásná, Neut: krásné.

Adverb Formation

The adjective 'krásný' becomes the adverb 'krásně' by changing the ending.

Comparative and Superlative

Krásný -> krásnější -> nejkrásnější.

Adjective-Noun Agreement

The adjective must match the noun in gender, number, and case.

Masculine Animate Plural

In the nominative plural, 'krásný' becomes 'krásní' for people.

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

To je krásný dům.

That is a beautiful house.

Masculine singular nominative.

Máš krásnou kočku.

You have a beautiful cat.

Feminine singular accusative.

Je krásné počasí.

It is beautiful weather.

Neuter singular nominative.

Krásný den!

Beautiful day! (Have a nice day!)

Used as a greeting/wish.

Ona je velmi krásná.

She is very beautiful.

Feminine singular nominative with intensifier 'velmi'.

To jsou krásné květiny.

Those are beautiful flowers.

Feminine plural nominative.

Máte krásné auto.

You have a beautiful car.

Neuter singular nominative.

Je to krásná zahrada.

It is a beautiful garden.

Feminine singular nominative.

Koupil jsem si krásný svetr.

I bought myself a beautiful sweater.

Masculine inanimate accusative (same as nominative).

Dneska je venku krásně.

It's beautiful outside today.

Adverbial form 'krásně' used with 'je'.

Viděli jsme krásného psa.

We saw a beautiful dog.

Masculine animate accusative (-ého).

Praha je krásnější než Brno.

Prague is more beautiful than Brno.

Comparative form 'krásnější'.

Přeji ti krásné narozeniny.

I wish you a beautiful birthday.

Feminine plural accusative.

Byl to krásný zážitek.

It was a beautiful experience.

Masculine inanimate nominative.

Máš krásné nové boty.

You have beautiful new shoes.

Feminine plural nominative.

To je krásná písnička.

That is a beautiful song.

Feminine singular nominative.

Bydlíme v krásném starém domě.

We live in a beautiful old house.

Masculine singular locative (-ém).

To je ten nejkrásnější dárek.

That is the most beautiful gift.

Superlative form 'nejkrásnější'.

Díky za krásný večer.

Thanks for a beautiful evening.

Masculine inanimate accusative.

Ona píše krásné básně.

She writes beautiful poems.

Feminine plural accusative.

Procházka v lese byla krásná.

The walk in the forest was beautiful.

Feminine singular nominative.

Má krásný vztah se svou matkou.

He has a beautiful relationship with his mother.

Masculine inanimate accusative.

Viděli jsme krásné hory.

We saw beautiful mountains.

Feminine plural accusative.

To je od tebe moc krásné.

That is very beautiful of you.

Neuter singular nominative used as a compliment.

Před krásným kostelem stojí socha.

A statue stands in front of the beautiful church.

Masculine singular instrumental (-ým).

Vzpomínám na naše krásné dětství.

I remember our beautiful childhood.

Neuter singular accusative.

Je to krásně napsaný román.

It is a beautifully written novel.

Adverb 'krásně' modifying a participle.

Krásní lidé mají v životě výhody.

Beautiful people have advantages in life.

Masculine animate plural nominative.

Na obloze se objevil krásný blesk.

A beautiful lightning bolt appeared in the sky.

Masculine inanimate nominative.

To je krásná ukázka lidové tvorby.

That is a beautiful example of folk art.

Feminine singular nominative.

Všechno vypadalo tak krásně.

Everything looked so beautiful.

Adverbial use with 'vypadalo'.

Krásné věci nemusí být drahé.

Beautiful things don't have to be expensive.

Feminine plural nominative.

Krása je v očích pozorovatele.

Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.

Noun form 'krása'.

Obdivovali jsme krásu barokní architektury.

We admired the beauty of Baroque architecture.

Noun 'krásu' in accusative.

Byl to vskutku krásný projev.

It was indeed a beautiful speech.

Masculine inanimate nominative with 'vskutku'.

Krásněji už to snad ani nešlo vyjádřit.

It could hardly have been expressed more beautifully.

Comparative adverb 'krásněji'.

Věnoval se studiu krásných umění.

He devoted himself to the study of fine arts.

Genitive plural 'krásných umění'.

Krásnýma očima se na něj dívala.

She looked at him with beautiful eyes.

Instrumental plural 'krásnýma' (dual-like ending common in instrumental plural).

Je to krásný příklad altruismu.

It is a beautiful example of altruism.

Masculine inanimate nominative.

Příroda v této oblasti je neuvěřitelně krásná.

The nature in this area is incredibly beautiful.

Feminine singular nominative with 'neuvěřitelně'.

Jeho argumentace byla logicky krásná.

His argumentation was logically beautiful.

Feminine singular nominative used abstractly.

Krásno jako filozofická kategorie ho fascinovalo.

Beauty as a philosophical category fascinated him.

Abstract noun 'krásno'.

Snažil se o zkrášlení veřejného prostoru.

He strove for the beautification of public space.

Verbal noun 'zkrášlení'.

Tento literární styl je plný krásných archaismů.

This literary style is full of beautiful archaisms.

Genitive plural 'krásných'.

Krásně se to poslouchá, ale realita je jiná.

It sounds beautiful (is nice to hear), but the reality is different.

Adverbial use in a cynical/skeptical context.

Byla to ona pověstná krásná Helena.

It was that legendary beautiful Helen.

Feminine singular nominative.

V díle se snoubí krása s užitečností.

In the work, beauty is wedded to utility.

Noun 'krása' in nominative.

Všechny ty krásné sliby se rozplynuly.

All those beautiful promises vanished.

Masculine inanimate plural nominative.

مترادف‌ها

nádherný hezký půvabný úžasný skvostný překrásný pohledný líbezný

متضادها

ošklivý hnusný nepěkný šeredný

ترکیب‌های رایج

krásné počasí

krásný den

krásná žena

krásné oči

krásná vzpomínka

krásné umění

krásný výhled

krásná písnička

krásné prázdniny

krásný gól

عبارات رایج

To je krásné.

— That is beautiful. Used to express admiration for anything.

Podívej na ten západ slunce. To je krásné.

Krásný zbytek dne.

— Have a beautiful rest of the day. A very polite farewell.

Na shledanou a krásný zbytek dne.

Máš se krásně?

— Are you doing/having a beautiful time? A way to ask how someone is.

Ahoj, dlouho jsme se neviděli. Máš se krásně?

Vypadáš krásně.

— You look beautiful. A direct compliment on appearance.

V těch šatech vypadáš krásně.

Krásné sny.

— Beautiful dreams. A way to say 'Sweet dreams' before sleep.

Dobrou noc a krásné sny.

Bylo to krásné.

— It was beautiful. Used to describe a past event or experience.

Děkujeme za pozvání, bylo to krásné.

Krásná práce!

— Beautiful work! A way to praise someone's achievement.

Ten projekt jsi dokončil včas. Krásná práce!

To je od vás krásné.

— That is beautiful of you. A polite way to thank someone for a kind gesture.

Pomohl jste mi s taškou? To je od vás krásné.

Krásné Vánoce.

— Beautiful Christmas. The standard holiday greeting.

Přejeme všem krásné Vánoce a šťastný nový rok.

Všechno je krásné.

— Everything is beautiful. Expressing general contentment.

Jsme na dovolené a všechno je krásné.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

krásný vs hezký

'Hezký' is 'nice' or 'pretty', whereas 'krásný' is 'beautiful'. 'Krásný' is stronger.

krásný vs červený

Because the Russian cognate means 'red', learners of both languages might get confused. In Czech, 'červený' is red.

krásný vs jasný

'Jasný' means 'clear' or 'bright'. While a 'jasný den' is often 'krásný', they are not the same.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"Krása střídá nádheru."

— Beauty alternates with magnificence. Used when everything is perfect or when there is one beautiful thing after another.

Na té výstavě to bylo úžasné, krása střídala nádheru.

informal/humorous

"Pro krásu se musí trpět."

— One must suffer for beauty. Similar to 'Beauty is pain'.

Ty boty mě tlačí, ale pro krásu se musí trpět.

neutral

"Krásný jako obrázek."

— As beautiful as a picture. Used to describe someone very attractive.

Jejich dcera je krásná jako obrázek.

neutral

"V nejlepším (krásném) věku."

— In the prime of one's life. Literally 'in the best/beautiful age'.

Je mu čtyřicet, je v nejlepším věku.

neutral

"To je teda krásný!"

— That's just great! Used sarcastically when something goes wrong.

Ujel nám vlak? To je teda krásný!

informal/sarcastic

"Krásná neznámá."

— A beautiful unknown woman. A romantic or mysterious cliché.

V metru mě oslovila jedna krásná neznámá.

literary/romantic

"Krásná literatura."

— Belles-lettres. Refers to fiction and literature as an art form.

Zajímá se hlavně o krásnou literaturu.

formal

"Krásné gesto."

— A beautiful gesture. A noble or very kind act.

Darovat ty peníze bylo od něj krásné gesto.

neutral

"Spát jako Šípková Růženka (kráska)."

— To sleep like Sleeping Beauty. To sleep very deeply or for a long time.

Spala až do poledne jako Šípková Růženka.

informal

"Krásné slovo."

— A beautiful word. A kind or encouraging word.

Někdy stačí jedno krásné slovo a člověku je hned líp.

neutral

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

krásný vs krátký

Similar length and starting sound.

Krátký means 'short'. Krásný means 'beautiful'.

Máš krátké vlasy (short hair) vs. Máš krásné vlasy (beautiful hair).

krásný vs hrozný

Both are common adjectives ending in -ý.

Hrozný means 'terrible' or 'awful'. It is the opposite of krásný.

To je hrozné počasí (terrible weather).

krásný vs časný

Rhymes with krásný.

Časný means 'early'.

Časný budíček (early wake-up call).

krásný vs vlastní

Similar ending pattern.

Vlastní means 'own'.

Můj vlastní dům (my own house).

krásný vs šťastný

Both express positive states.

Šťastný means 'happy'. A person is happy; a sunset is beautiful.

Jsem šťastný (I am happy).

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

To je krásný/á/é [noun].

To je krásná zahrada.

[Noun] je krásný/á/é.

Ten dům je krásný.

Mám krásný/ou/é [noun].

Mám krásnou dceru.

Dnes je krásně.

Dnes je venku krásně.

Je to ten nejkrásnější [noun], co jsem kdy viděl.

Je to ten nejkrásnější film, co jsem kdy viděl.

Mluvili jsme o krásném [noun].

Mluvili jsme o krásném výletě.

Před krásným [noun] se nachází...

Před krásným zámkem se nachází park.

S [adverb] krásným [noun]...

S neuvěřitelně krásným úsměvem nás přivítala.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

krása (beauty)

kráska (a beauty - female)

krasavec (a handsome man)

krasopis (calligraphy)

krasobruslení (figure skating)

zkrášlení (beautification)

فعل‌ها

zkrášlit (to beautify)

zkrášlovat (to be beautifying)

okrásit (to decorate - archaic)

صفت‌ها

překrásný (very beautiful)

překrásná

překrásné

okrasný (ornamental/decorative)

مرتبط

krasohled (kaleidoscope)

krasojezdec (trick rider)

krasořeč (eloquence)

krasoduch (aesthete)

krasomluva (fine speaking)

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Extremely high. It is in the top 500 most used Czech words.

اشتباهات رایج

Krásný žena → Krásná žena
The adjective must agree with the feminine gender of 'žena'.
Dnes je krásný. → Dnes je krásně.
When describing the weather without a noun, use the adverb 'krásně'.
Vidím krásný muže. → Vidím krásného muže.
In the accusative case for masculine animate nouns, the ending changes to -ého.
On zpívá krásný. → On zpívá krásně.
To describe an action (singing), you must use the adverb 'krásně'.
Krásné kluci → Krásní kluci
Masculine animate nouns in the nominative plural take the ending -í.

نکات

Adjective-Noun Agreement

Always match the ending of 'krásný' to the gender of the noun. Krásný dům (M), krásná žena (F), krásné auto (N).

Long Vowels

Pay attention to the 'á' and 'ý'. They should be held twice as long as short vowels.

Use Synonyms

Try using 'nádherný' for something even more beautiful than 'krásný'.

Greetings

Say 'Krásný den!' to shopkeepers and waiters when you leave; it's very polite.

Compliments

Don't be afraid to tell someone 'Vypadáš krásně'. It's a very common and appreciated compliment.

Adverbs

Use 'krásně' for actions. 'Dnes je krásně' is the standard way to say the weather is nice.

Listen for Endings

The ending of the word will tell you if the speaker is talking about a man, a woman, or a thing.

National Anthem

The concept of 'krása' is central to the Czech national identity and its landscape.

Irony

Be aware that 'To je teda krásný' can be sarcastic, like 'That's just great'.

Visual Cues

Associate the word with the most beautiful place you know in the Czech Republic.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of the word 'CROWN'. A crown is 'krásný' (beautiful). The 'kr-' sound is similar. A beautiful crown for a beautiful king.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine the Charles Bridge in Prague at sunset. The 'krásný' view is gold and orange. Associate the 'á' in 'krásný' with the wide, open arches of the bridge.

شبکه واژگان

krása krásně nádherný hezký umění počasí žena výhled

چالش

Try to use 'krásný' or 'krásně' at least three times today: once for the weather, once for a person, and once for a meal's presentation.

ریشه کلمه

The word 'krásný' comes from the Old Czech and Proto-Slavic root 'krasa'. In Old Church Slavonic, 'krasa' referred to color, adornment, or beauty. It is related to words in other Slavic languages, such as Russian 'krasnyj' (which now means 'red' but historically meant 'beautiful', as in Red Square - Krasnaya Ploshchad).

معنای اصلی: Originally, it likely referred to a bright color or an ornament that made something stand out.

Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavic > West Slavic > Czech.

بافت فرهنگی

While 'krásný' is a compliment, like any adjective describing appearance, use it with appropriate social context. It is generally very safe and positive.

English speakers often use 'beautiful' mainly for women or nature. In Czech, 'krásný' is perfectly neutral and can be used for men, cars, or even a well-written computer code without any gendered connotation.

Bedřich Smetana's 'Má vlast' (My Homeland) celebrates the 'krása' of the Czech lands. The 'Krásná Lípa' (Beautiful Linden) is a town and a symbol in North Bohemia. Jaroslav Seifert's poem 'Píseň o rodné zemi' (Song of the Native Land) is a famous tribute to 'krásná' Bohemia.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Talking about weather

Je krásně.
Bude krásné počasí.
Krásný slunečný den.
To je krása, když svítí slunce.

Giving compliments

Vypadáš krásně.
Máš krásné šaty.
To je od tebe krásné.
Udělal jsi to krásně.

Tourism and Travel

Krásný výhled na hrad.
To je nejkrásnější náměstí.
Krásná příroda.
Krásná historická budova.

Wishes and Greetings

Krásný den!
Krásný víkend.
Krásné narozeniny.
Krásné Vánoce.

Describing experiences

Byl to krásný zážitek.
Měli jsme se krásně.
To byl krásný film.
Krásná dovolená.

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"Dneska je opravdu krásně, že?"

"Jaký je tvůj nejkrásnější zážitek z dětství?"

"Které město v České republice je podle tebe nejkrásnější?"

"Máš nějakou krásnou vzpomínku na minulé léto?"

"Co je pro tebe v životě nejkrásnější?"

موضوعات نگارش

Popište nejkrásnější místo, které jste kdy navštívili. Proč bylo tak speciální?

Napište o jednom krásném gestu, které pro vás někdo udělal.

Jak vypadá váš ideální krásný den od rána do večera?

Která česká písnička nebo kniha je pro vás nejkrásnější a proč?

Zamyslete se nad tím, co dělá člověka krásným uvnitř.

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Yes, absolutely. Unlike English where 'beautiful' is often reserved for women, 'krásný' is gender-neutral in its application. A man can be 'krásný' (handsome/beautiful).

'Hezký' is more casual and means 'nice' or 'pretty'. 'Krásný' is more intense and means 'beautiful' or 'wonderful'. Use 'krásný' for things that really impress you.

You use the adverb 'krásně'. For example: 'Ona krásně tancuje' (She dances beautifully).

It is used for the visual presentation of food, but not usually for the taste. For taste, use 'dobrý' (good) or 'chutný' (tasty).

It depends on the gender: 'krásní' (masc. anim.), 'krásné' (masc. inanim. and fem.), 'krásná' (neuter).

The superlative is 'nejkrásnější'. For example: 'To je nejkrásnější auto' (That is the most beautiful car).

In certain phrases like 'To je od vás krásné', it translates to 'That is very kind/beautiful of you'.

It is a trilled 'r', which can be challenging for English speakers. It requires practice to vibrate the tip of the tongue.

It is neutral and can be used in any situation, from a casual chat with friends to a formal speech.

No. While it is related to the Russian word for red, in Czech it only means beautiful. Red is 'červený'.

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