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A2 adjective #2,100 پرکاربردترین 6 دقیقه مطالعه

streng

رتبه 2,100

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها streng در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح streng in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'streng' is a basic adjective used to describe people, usually teachers or parents. You might learn it when talking about your family or school. It simply means 'strict'. For example, 'Mein Lehrer ist streng' (My teacher is strict). You don't need to worry about complex nuances yet; just focus on its use as a descriptive word for authority figures. It is often contrasted with 'nett' (nice) or 'lieb' (kind). You might also hear it in the context of weather, like 'Es ist kalt', but 'streng' is usually introduced a bit later for weather. At this stage, just remember that 'streng' means someone follows the rules and wants you to follow them too.

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At the A2 level, you start to see 'streng' in more varied contexts. You learn that it can describe rules ('strenge Regeln') and not just people. You also begin to use it as an adverb to describe how someone looks at you ('Er sieht mich streng an'). You might encounter it in simple texts about health or diets ('eine strenge Diät'). You should also be aware of the basic adjective endings when using 'streng' with nouns in the nominative and accusative cases. For instance, 'Ich habe einen strengen Chef' (I have a strict boss). This level introduces the idea that 'streng' is about discipline and following a specific path without deviation.

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'streng' in professional and social contexts. You will encounter phrases like 'streng vertraulich' (strictly confidential) in emails. You'll also learn to use it for weather ('ein strenger Winter') and smells ('ein strenger Geruch'). You should understand the difference between 'streng' and 'hart'. You can now use 'streng' to describe abstract concepts like 'strenge Kriterien' (strict criteria) for a job or a project. Your grammar should include correct dative and genitive endings, such as 'wegen der strengen Regeln' (because of the strict rules). You are starting to see the word as a way to describe precision and lack of flexibility in many areas of life.

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At the B2 level, you explore the nuances of 'streng' in more formal writing and literature. You use it to describe artistic styles ('eine strenge Formensprache') or philosophical positions ('eine strenge Auslegung des Gesetzes'). You are familiar with the fixed expression 'streng genommen' (strictly speaking) and use it to clarify your points in discussions. You understand that 'streng' can have a positive connotation of integrity and high standards, as in 'ein strenger, aber gerechter Richter' (a strict but fair judge). You can participate in debates about 'strenge Erziehung' (strict upbringing) and express complex opinions on whether it is beneficial or harmful, using 'streng' as a key vocabulary item.

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At the C1 level, 'streng' is used with high precision. You recognize its use in scientific discourse to describe 'strenge Beweisführung' (rigorous argumentation). You understand its application in linguistics or historical analysis, such as 'die strenge Einhaltung von Protokollen'. You can distinguish between 'streng', 'unerbittlich', and 'akribisch' in subtle ways. You might use it to describe a 'strenge Hierarchie' in a corporation or the 'strenge Ästhetik' of a minimalist building. Your usage is idiomatic and naturally integrated into complex sentence structures. You also understand the historical and cultural weight of 'strenge' in German society, particularly in relation to the 'preußische Tugenden' (Prussian virtues).

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At the C2 level, you have a complete mastery of 'streng' and all its metaphorical and technical applications. You can use it in literary analysis to describe the 'strenge Metrik' of a poem or the 'strenge Komposition' of a classical symphony. You understand its use in legal theory, such as 'das Analogieverbot im strengen Sinne'. You can use the word to convey irony or sarcasm, or to describe the most subtle sensory experiences. You are aware of its etymological roots and how its meaning has shifted over centuries. 'Streng' is no longer just a word for you; it is a tool for expressing the highest levels of discipline, rigor, and structural integrity in any field of human endeavor.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

streng در ۳۰ ثانیه

Streng primarily means 'strict' or 'severe' regarding rules and discipline.
It is used for people (teachers), rules (laws), and weather (frost).
It can describe pungent smells or minimalist artistic styles.
The adverbial form 'streng genommen' means 'strictly speaking'.

The German adjective streng is a versatile and powerful word that primarily translates to 'strict', 'severe', or 'rigorous'. At its core, it describes a high level of adherence to rules, standards, or discipline. Whether you are talking about a teacher who doesn't allow talking in class, a diet that forbids sugar, or a winter that brings freezing temperatures, 'streng' is the word you need. It implies a lack of flexibility and a demand for precision or obedience.

Core Discipline: In the context of people, 'streng' refers to an authoritative figure who enforces rules without exception. A 'strenger Vater' (strict father) or 'strenge Lehrerin' (strict teacher) expects compliance and may be quick to discipline deviations.

Die Regeln in diesem Internat sind sehr streng, aber sie helfen den Schülern, sich zu konzentrieren.

Environmental Severity: When applied to weather, 'streng' describes extreme conditions, particularly cold. A 'strenger Winter' or 'strenger Frost' indicates temperatures well below freezing that are difficult to endure.

Nach einem strengen Frost waren alle Leitungen eingefroren.

Sensory Intensity: Interestingly, 'streng' can also describe smells or tastes that are sharp, pungent, or overwhelming. A 'strenger Geruch' (strong/pungent smell) often refers to something like ammonia or very old cheese.

Der Käse hat einen sehr strengen Geruch, schmeckt aber hervorragend.

Die Architektur des Gebäudes folgt einer strengen Symmetrie.

Er hält sich an eine strenge Diät ohne Kohlenhydrate.

Using 'streng' correctly requires understanding its role as both an adjective and an adverb. As an adjective, it must decline to match the gender, case, and number of the noun it modifies. For example, 'ein strenger Lehrer' (masculine nominative), 'eine strenge Prüfung' (feminine nominative), or 'mit strengen Regeln' (plural dative). When used adverbially, it describes how an action is performed, such as 'streng urteilen' (to judge severely).

Adjectival Endings: Remember the 'weak', 'mixed', and 'strong' declensions. After a definite article: 'der strenge Chef'. After an indefinite article: 'ein strenger Chef'. Without an article: 'strenger Wein'.

Wir müssen die strengen Sicherheitsvorschriften beachten.

Adverbial Usage: When modifying a verb, 'streng' does not take an ending. It emphasizes the rigor of the action. 'Er blickte sie streng an' (He looked at her sternly).

Streng genommen ist eine Tomate eine Frucht, kein Gemüse.

Comparisons: The comparative is 'strenger' and the superlative is 'am strengsten'. 'Dieser Winter ist strenger als der letzte.' (This winter is more severe than the last one.)

Mein Großvater war der strengste Mensch, den ich je kannte.

Diese Dokumente sind streng vertraulich.

Sie trennt Berufliches und Privates sehr streng.

You will encounter 'streng' in a variety of contexts, ranging from the domestic to the highly formal. In schools, it is the standard word to describe a teacher's demeanor. In legal and bureaucratic settings, it describes the nature of laws and regulations. In the culinary world, it describes pungent flavors. Understanding these contexts helps you grasp the word's full semantic range.

The Classroom: Students often discuss which teachers are 'streng'. It doesn't necessarily mean 'mean', but rather that they have high expectations and enforce rules strictly.

Frau Müller ist zwar streng, aber sie ist auch sehr fair.

Legal and Official: Government announcements often mention 'strenge Kontrollen' (strict controls) or 'strenge Auflagen' (strict requirements/conditions) for businesses or travelers.

Die Regierung kündigte strenge Maßnahmen gegen den Klimawandel an.

Science and Logic: In mathematics or logic, 'streng' refers to formal rigor. A 'strenger Beweis' is a rigorous proof that leaves no room for doubt or ambiguity.

Die Theorie wurde nach strengen wissenschaftlichen Kriterien geprüft.

Vorsicht, die Reinigungsmittel haben einen strengen Eigengeruch.

Die strenge Einhaltung der Termine ist für das Projekt entscheidend.

One of the most frequent errors for learners is confusing 'streng' with 'hart' (hard/tough) or 'schwer' (difficult). While they can overlap, their core meanings are distinct. 'Streng' is about rules and discipline, while 'hart' is about physical texture or emotional resilience, and 'schwer' is about the effort required to complete a task.

Streng vs. Hart: A bed is 'hart', but a teacher is 'streng'. You can have a 'harter Tag' (hard day), but a 'strenger Tag' would imply a day filled with rigid schedules and rules.

Falsch: Das Brot ist sehr streng. Richtig: Das Brot ist sehr hart.

Streng vs. Schwer: An exam can be 'schwer' (difficult questions) and 'streng' (the proctor is very watchful and allows no cheating). They are not interchangeable.

Falsch: Er hat strenge Muskeln. Richtig: Er hat starke Muskeln.

The 'Smell' Trap: When describing a smell, 'streng' usually implies it's unpleasant or biting. If a smell is just 'strong' but pleasant (like perfume), use 'intensiv' or 'stark'.

Die Blumen duften stark (not streng, unless they smell like vinegar).

Er ist ein strenger Kritiker seiner eigenen Arbeit.

Die Trennung von Müll wird hier streng überwacht.

To truly master 'streng', it helps to compare it with its synonyms and related terms. Each has a slightly different nuance that can change the tone of your sentence. Understanding these differences allows for more precise communication.

Konsequent vs. Streng: 'Konsequent' means consistent. A person can be 'konsequent' without being 'streng'. It means they follow through on what they say. 'Streng' adds a layer of severity or lack of leniency.

Sie ist eine konsequente Erzieherin, aber niemals unnötig streng.

Autoritär vs. Streng: 'Autoritär' (authoritarian) is often negative, implying a desire for power. 'Streng' can be positive, implying high standards or necessary discipline.

Die Zeit ist eine unerbittliche Richterin.

Genau vs. Streng: 'Genau' means exact or precise. In scientific contexts, 'strenge Kriterien' are 'genaue Kriterien', but 'streng' implies that no deviation is permitted.

Wir müssen uns genau an den Plan halten.

Das Zimmer war in einem strengen, fast kargen Stil eingerichtet.

Er ist ein strenger Verfechter der Menschenrechte.

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گرامر لازم

Adjective declension

Comparative and Superlative

Adverbial usage of adjectives

Prepositions with Dative (nach strengen Regeln)

Genitive case (trotz der strengen Kälte)

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

Mein Lehrer ist sehr streng.

My teacher is very strict.

Predicate adjective (no ending).

Ist deine Mutter streng?

Is your mother strict?

Question form.

Er ist kein strenger Mann.

He is not a strict man.

Masculine nominative with indefinite article.

Die Schule ist streng.

The school is strict.

Simple subject-verb-adjective.

Wir haben strenge Regeln.

We have strict rules.

Plural accusative.

Sie schaut mich streng an.

She looks at me sternly.

Adverbial use.

Das ist eine strenge Lehrerin.

That is a strict teacher (female).

Feminine nominative.

Sei nicht so streng!

Don't be so strict!

Imperative form.

In der Bibliothek muss man streng leise sein.

In the library, one must be strictly quiet.

Adverb modifying another adjective.

Der Winter war dieses Jahr sehr streng.

The winter was very severe this year.

Used for weather.

Ich mache eine strenge Diät.

I am on a strict diet.

Feminine accusative.

Mein Chef ist strenger als deiner.

My boss is stricter than yours.

Comparative form.

Wir brauchen einen strengen Zeitplan.

We need a strict schedule.

Masculine accusative.

Die Kontrolle am Flughafen war sehr streng.

The security check at the airport was very strict.

Subject description.

Er trennt Arbeit und Hobby sehr streng.

He separates work and hobby very strictly.

Adverbial use.

Gibt es hier strenge Gesetze?

Are there strict laws here?

Plural nominative.

Diese Information ist streng vertraulich.

This information is strictly confidential.

Fixed collocation.

Der Käse hat einen strengen Geruch.

The cheese has a pungent smell.

Used for sensory input.

Streng genommen ist das nicht erlaubt.

Strictly speaking, that is not allowed.

Participle construction.

Trotz der strengen Kälte ging er spazieren.

Despite the severe cold, he went for a walk.

Genitive case after 'trotz'.

Sie ist die strengste Richterin der Stadt.

She is the strictest judge in the city.

Superlative form.

Die Firma achtet streng auf Qualität.

The company pays strict attention to quality.

Adverb with preposition 'auf'.

Es herrscht ein strenges Verbot.

There is a strict ban.

Neuter nominative.

Er wurde nach strengen Kriterien ausgewählt.

He was selected according to strict criteria.

Dative plural after 'nach'.

Die Architektur besticht durch ihre strenge Symmetrie.

The architecture impresses with its strict symmetry.

Used for aesthetics.

Er ist ein strenger Verfechter der Demokratie.

He is a staunch (strict) advocate of democracy.

Metaphorical use for conviction.

Die Vorschriften wurden strenger gefasst.

The regulations were formulated more strictly.

Passive voice with comparative adverb.

Es gibt eine strenge Hierarchie im Unternehmen.

There is a strict hierarchy in the company.

Describing social structure.

Der Wein hat einen strengen Abgang.

The wine has a sharp/austere finish.

Oenological context.

Sie hielt sich streng an das Protokoll.

She adhered strictly to the protocol.

Reflexive verb 'sich halten an'.

Die wissenschaftliche Methode erfordert strenges Vorgehen.

The scientific method requires a rigorous approach.

Neuter accusative.

Ein strenger Blick genügte, um ihn zum Schweigen zu bringen.

A stern look was enough to silence him.

Masculine nominative.

Die Beweisführung muss strengen logischen Anforderungen genügen.

The reasoning must satisfy strict logical requirements.

Dative plural.

Die Lyrik des Barock folgt oft einer strengen Metrik.

Baroque poetry often follows a strict meter.

Feminine dative.

Er unterwarf sich einem strengen Regiment.

He subjected himself to a strict regime/discipline.

Neuter dative.

Die Trennung von Staat und Kirche wird hier streng gehandhabt.

The separation of state and church is strictly handled here.

Adverbial use in passive voice.

Das Klosterleben ist von strenger Askese geprägt.

Monastic life is characterized by strict asceticism.

Feminine dative.

Es ist eine strenge Auslegung des Textes.

It is a strict interpretation of the text.

Feminine nominative.

Die Kriterien sind strenger, als man zunächst vermuten würde.

The criteria are stricter than one would initially assume.

Comparative clause.

Er blickt auf eine strenge Erziehung zurück.

He looks back on a strict upbringing.

Feminine accusative.

Die Komposition bewahrt trotz aller Expressivität eine strenge Form.

The composition maintains a strict form despite all expressivity.

Feminine accusative.

Das Analogieverbot gilt im Strafrecht im strengen Sinne.

The prohibition of analogy applies in criminal law in the strict sense.

Dative masculine.

Ihre Gesichtszüge wirkten streng und unnahbar.

Her features appeared stern and unapproachable.

Predicate adjectives.

Die Theorie hält einer strengen Überprüfung nicht stand.

The theory does not withstand a rigorous examination.

Feminine dative.

Er pflegt einen strengen Minimalismus in seiner Wohnung.

He maintains a strict minimalism in his apartment.

Masculine accusative.

Die Naturgesetze sind von strenger Notwendigkeit.

The laws of nature are of strict necessity.

Genitive case.

Es herrscht eine strenge Trennung zwischen Theorie und Empirie.

There is a strict separation between theory and empiricism.

Feminine nominative.

Das Werk ist in einem strengen, fast spröden Stil verfasst.

The work is written in a strict, almost brittle style.

Dative masculine.

ترکیب‌های رایج

strenge Regeln

strenger Frost

strenger Geruch

streng vertraulich

streng genommen

strenge Diät

strenge Erziehung

strenge Kontrolle

strenge Auswahl

strenger Blick

عبارات رایج

Streng dich an!

Das ist streng verboten.

Ein strenger Winter steht bevor.

Er ist zu streng mit sich selbst.

Die Regeln sind hier sehr streng.

Das ist streng vertraulich.

Streng genommen ist das falsch.

Sie führt ein strenges Regiment.

Ein strenger Geruch lag in der Luft.

Er blickte sie streng an.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

streng vs hart (physical hardness)

streng vs stark (physical strength)

streng vs schwer (difficulty)

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"ein strenges Regiment führen (to rule with an iron fist)"

"streng auf etwas achten (to pay close attention to something)"

"streng genommen (strictly speaking)"

"jemanden streng anfahren (to snap at someone sternly)"

"strenge Maßstäbe anlegen (to apply strict standards)"

"sich streng an die Regeln halten (to stick strictly to the rules)"

"ein strenger Verfechter sein (to be a staunch advocate)"

"strenge Sitten (strict morals)"

"in strengem Ton (in a stern tone)"

"strenge Trennung (strict separation)"

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

streng vs stark

Stark is power; Streng is rules.

streng vs hart

Hart is material; Streng is behavior.

streng vs schwer

Schwer is effort; Streng is discipline.

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

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نحوه استفاده

smell

Usually negative.

people

Can be positive (fair) or negative (mean).

weather

Only used for cold, not heat.

اشتباهات رایج

Using 'streng' for physical hardness (use 'hart').
Using 'streng' for physical strength (use 'stark').
Using 'streng' for hot weather (use 'heiß').
Forgetting adjective endings in the accusative masculine (e.g., 'einen strengen Lehrer').
Confusing 'streng' with 'ernst' (serious). A person can be serious without being strict.

نکات

Adverbial Use

When using 'streng' to describe an action (like looking or judging), do not add any endings. 'Er guckt streng.'

Confidentiality

In a professional context, 'streng vertraulich' is the standard way to mark secret documents.

Prussian Roots

The word is often linked to the historical Prussian value of 'Pflichtbewusstsein' (sense of duty).

The 'ST' Sound

In German, 'st' at the beginning of a word is pronounced like 'sht'.

Minimalism

Use 'streng' to describe modern, clean architecture with straight lines.

Diets

A 'strenge Diät' implies you don't cheat at all.

Winter

A 'strenger Winter' usually means lots of ice and very low temperatures.

Parenting

You can ask 'Sind deine Eltern streng?' to start a conversation about childhood.

Strictly Speaking

Start a sentence with 'Streng genommen...' to correct a common misconception.

Smells

Be careful using 'streng' for smells; it usually implies the smell is a bit too much.

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ریشه کلمه

From Middle High German 'strenge', from Old High German 'strenge', meaning 'strong, hard, or brave'. Related to the English word 'strong'.

بافت فرهنگی

Strenge was historically seen as a virtue of reliability.

Today, 'strenge Erziehung' is often debated in favor of more empathetic methods.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"War dein Lieblingslehrer in der Schule streng?"

"Findest du die Regeln in diesem Land zu streng?"

"Was ist streng genommen der Unterschied zwischen Obst und Gemüse?"

"Hast du schon mal einen wirklich strengen Winter erlebt?"

"Bist du streng mit dir selbst, wenn du eine neue Sprache lernst?"

موضوعات نگارش

Beschreibe eine Person, die du als 'streng' empfindest.

Sollten Eltern streng sein? Warum oder warum nicht?

Schreibe über eine Situation, in der du dich streng an Regeln halten musstest.

Welche 'strenge' Diät oder Routine hast du schon mal ausprobiert?

Was bedeutet 'Strenge' für dich in der Kunst?

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Only for smells or cold. For physical strength, use 'stark'.

No, it can mean 'rigorous' or 'precise', which are often positive in science or law.

Usually 'locker' (loose) or 'mild' (mild/gentle).

Use the phrase 'streng genommen'.

No, use 'scharf' for spicy. 'Streng' is for pungent/biting tastes like vinegar.

Not necessarily. It just means they follow the rules.

Yes, 'ein strenger Blick' is a stern look.

Yes, e.g., 'strenge Regeln'.

Yes, 'strenge Gesetze' is very common.

No, use 'große Hitze' or 'extreme Hitze'. 'Streng' is for cold.

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