حالت شرطی سوم: انقباضات (I'd've known)
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'I'd've' to talk about past regrets quickly and sound like a native speaker by fusing 'I would have'.
- Combine 'I + would + have' into 'I'd've' for fast speech. Example: 'I'd've called you.'
- Use 'hadn't've' for negative past conditions. Example: 'If I hadn't've gone, I'd've missed it.'
- Only use double contractions in informal writing or speaking; avoid them in formal essays.
مرور کلی
if + past perfect, would have + past participle محدود نمیشود. بخش جداییناپذیر این مبحث، تسلط بر «کوتاهسازیها» یا همان contractions است.if I'd و I'd've بهره میبرند.had و would have را در زنجیره کلام ادغام کنید. نادیده گرفتن این موضوع باعث میشود گفتار شما بیش از حد کتابی و غیرطبیعی به نظر برسد. در این راهنما، ما به بررسی دقیق نحوه تبدیل I had به I'd و I would have به I'd've میپردازیم.had و would است که هر دو در حالت کوتاه شده به صورت 'd ظاهر میشوند. در زبان فارسی، ما برای بیان زمان گذشته بعید (Past Perfect) از ساختار «بن ماضی + ه + بودم/بودی/بود» استفاده میکنیم (مثلاً: «رفته بودم»). در انگلیسی، had نقش کمکی دارد.if وجود دارد، had به عنوان فعل کمکی زمان گذشته بعید عمل میکند. وقتی I had به I'd تبدیل میشود، شنونده از طریق «اسم مفعول» (past participle) که بلافاصله بعد از آن میآید، متوجه میشود که این 'd همان had است.would have سروکار داریم. اینجا یک «کوتاهسازی دوگانه» رخ میدهد. ابتدا would به 'd تبدیل میشود و سپس have به 've کاهش مییابد.I'd've است. این ساختار در فارسی معادل ندارد و برای زبانآموزان ایرانی چالشبرانگیز است، زیرا ما عادت داریم تمام اجزای فعل را به صورت کامل ادا کنیم. نکته کلیدی این است که در انگلیسی، شنونده با شنیدن صدای /v/ در ’ve بلافاصله متوجه میشود که این بخش مربوط به would have است.'d را بشنود، آن را به had تعبیر میکند. این تفاوت ظریف، اساس درک شنیداری در سطح پیشرفته است.if-clause همیشه از had و در main clause از would have استفاده میکنیم.not را به فعل کمکی میچسبانیم:If I had not seen→If I hadn't seenI would not have seen→I wouldn't've seen
I'd not've از نظر دستوری ممکن هستند اما در گفتار بسیار غیرطبیعی بوده و توصیه نمیشوند. همیشه از wouldn't've استفاده کنید.I would have) شما را فردی خشک و غیرصمیمی نشان میدهد. در واقع، بومیزبانها در مکالمات روزمره همیشه از I'd've استفاده میکنند.I'd've استفاده کنید، ممکن است غیرحرفهای به نظر برسید.- 1اشتباه گرفتن
'dباwouldدر شرط: بسیاری از دانشجویان فکر میکنند'dدر هر دو جای جمله به معنایwouldاست. در حالی که درif-clauseهمیشهhadاست. مثال غلط:If I'd've known(این غلط است چونwould haveنباید درif-clauseبیاید). - 2حذف
'veدر بخش اصلی: زبانآموزان ایرانی گاهی فقط میگویندI'd goneکه در واقع به معنای «من رفته بودم» (گذشته بعید) است، نه «من رفته بودم» (شرطی نوع سوم). صدای/v/در'veحیاتی است. - 3اعمال الگو روی سایر افعال: برخی سعی میکنند
could'veرا به صورتcould'd'veبگویند که کاملاً اشتباه است. این کوتاهسازی فقط مخصوصwould haveاست.
- 1آیا استفاده از
I'd'veدر رایتینگ آکادمیک مجاز است؟ خیر، در متون رسمی و دانشگاهی همیشه باید ازI would haveاستفاده کرد. - 2چرا گاهی در فیلمها میشنوم که میگویند
If I'd've؟ این یک اشتباه رایج در بین خودِ بومیزبانهاست (به ویژه در لهجههای خاص)، اما از نظر دستوری غلط است و نباید در امتحانات یا متون استاندارد تکرار شود. - 3چگونه تشخیص دهم
'dدر جمله به معنایhadاست یاwould؟ اگر بعد از آن اسم مفعول (Past Participle) آمد و در جملهifوجود داشت، به احتمال زیادhadاست. اگر بعد از آن’veآمد، قطعاًwouldاست.
Third Conditional Structure
| Clause Type | Subject | Auxiliary 1 | Auxiliary 2 | Verb Form |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
If Clause
|
If I
|
had
|
-
|
known (V3)
|
|
Result Clause
|
I
|
would
|
have
|
called (V3)
|
|
Contracted Result
|
I'd've
|
-
|
-
|
called (V3)
|
Common Double Contractions
| Full Form | Double Contraction | Pronunciation Guide |
|---|---|---|
|
I would have
|
I'd've
|
EYE-duv
|
|
You would have
|
You'd've
|
YOO-duv
|
|
He would have
|
He'd've
|
HEE-duv
|
|
She would have
|
She'd've
|
SHEE-duv
|
|
It would have
|
It'd've
|
IT-uh-duv
|
|
We would have
|
We'd've
|
WEE-duv
|
|
They would have
|
They'd've
|
THEY-duv
|
|
Would not have
|
Wouldn't've
|
WOOD-unt-uv
|
Meanings
The third conditional describes a past situation that did not happen and imagines the result of that imaginary past. Contractions make this complex structure easier to say in rapid conversation.
Expressing Regret
Using the contracted form to show sadness or disappointment about a past event that cannot be changed.
“I'd've told her the truth if I'd had the chance.”
“We'd've arrived on time if the train hadn't been late.”
Hypothetical Relief
Using the structure to express relief that a negative outcome was avoided.
“I'd've been so embarrassed if you hadn't warned me.”
“They'd've lost all their money if they'd invested then.”
Criticism of Others
Using the third conditional to point out what someone else should have done differently.
“He'd've passed the exam if he'd actually studied.”
“You'd've seen the sign if you'd been paying attention.”
Reference Table
| ضمیر | شکل کامل (عبارت اصلی) | شکل مخفف (عبارت اصلی) | مثال |
|---|---|---|---|
|
I
|
I would have
|
I'd've
|
If I'd known, I'd've helped.
|
|
You
|
You would have
|
You'd've
|
You'd've loved that concert.
|
|
He
|
He would have
|
He'd've
|
He'd've called if he could.
|
|
She
|
She would have
|
She'd've
|
She'd've passed easily.
|
|
It
|
It would have
|
It'd've
|
It'd've been a disaster.
|
|
We
|
We would have
|
We'd've
|
We'd've gone if it rained.
|
|
They
|
They would have
|
They'd've
|
They'd've seen us there.
|
طیف رسمیت
If I had possessed the funds, I would have purchased the property. (Real estate)
If I'd had the money, I would have bought the house. (Real estate)
If I'd've had the cash, I'd've bought the place. (Real estate)
If I'da had the dough, I'da copped it. (Real estate)
مخففهای شرطی نوع سوم: راهنمای سریع
جمله 'if' (ماضی بعید)
- had به 'd مخفف میشه
- If I'd known If I had known
- If she'd gone If she had gone
جمله اصلی (شرطی کامل)
- would have به 'd've مخفف میشه
- I'd've gone I would have gone
- They'd've helped They would have helped
مخففهای منفی
- hadn't had not
- wouldn't've would not have
- If he hadn't... If he had not...
کاربرد و بافت
- غیررسمی مکالمات، پیامها، شبکههای اجتماعی
- روان الگوهای گفتاری طبیعی رو نشون میده
- دوری از رسمی مقالات، اسناد حرفهای
چه زمانی از مخففهای شرطی نوع سوم استفاده کنیم
آیا باید از مخفف شرطی نوع سوم استفاده کنم؟
آیا داری یه رویداد فرضی گذشته یا پشیمونی رو بیان میکنی؟
آیا بافت جمله غیررسمیه (چت، دوستان، شبکههای اجتماعی)؟
آیا این جمله 'if' هست (ماضی بعید)؟
آیا این جمله اصلی هست (شرطی کامل)؟
مخففهای شرطی نوع سوم: قدرت ضمایر
مخففهای جمله 'if' ('had')
- • If I'd known...
- • If you'd told...
- • If he'd arrived...
- • If she'd seen...
- • If it'd worked...
- • If we'd tried...
- • If they'd left...
مخففهای جمله اصلی ('would have')
- • I'd've gone.
- • You'd've said.
- • He'd've helped.
- • She'd've passed.
- • It'd've been.
- • We'd've won.
- • They'd've called.
مخففهای منفی
- • If I hadn't known...
- • I wouldn't've gone.
- • He couldn't've done it.
- • She shouldn't've said that.
مثالها بر اساس سطح
I would have liked that.
Me habría gustado eso.
If I had time, I would go.
Si tuviera tiempo, iría.
I'd like a coffee.
Me gustaría un café.
She would have been happy.
Ella habría estado feliz.
If I'd seen him, I'd have said hello.
Si lo hubiera visto, le habría dicho hola.
We'd have won if we played better.
Habríamos ganado si hubiéramos jugado mejor.
I wouldn't have gone if it rained.
No habría ido si hubiera llovido.
He'd have called you later.
Él te habría llamado más tarde.
If I'd known the truth, I'd have acted differently.
Si hubiera sabido la verdad, habría actuado de forma diferente.
You'd have loved the movie we saw.
Te habría encantado la película que vimos.
They'd have finished if they hadn't stopped.
Habrían terminado si no hubieran parado.
I'd've helped you if you'd asked.
Te habría ayudado si me lo hubieras pedido.
I'd've been there in a heartbeat if I'd've known you were in trouble.
Habría estado allí en un abrir y cerrar de ojos si hubiera sabido que estabas en problemas.
If the company hadn't've gone bankrupt, I'd've stayed there forever.
Si la empresa no hubiera quebrado, me habría quedado allí para siempre.
She'd've definitely said yes if you'd've asked her out.
Ella definitivamente habría dicho que sí si le hubieras pedido salir.
We'd've never met if I hadn't've taken that specific flight.
Nunca nos habríamos conocido si no hubiera tomado ese vuelo específico.
Had the circumstances been different, I'd've likely pursued a different career path.
Si las circunstancias hubieran sido diferentes, probablemente habría seguido otra carrera.
I'd've thought that someone with your experience wouldn't've made such a mistake.
Habría pensado que alguien con tu experiencia no habría cometido tal error.
If I'd've known then what I know now, I'd've invested every penny in that startup.
Si hubiera sabido entonces lo que sé ahora, habría invertido cada centavo en esa startup.
He'd've been the perfect candidate if he hadn't've been so arrogant during the interview.
Él habría sido el candidato perfecto si no hubiera sido tan arrogante durante la entrevista.
It's a counterfactual scenario, but one could argue that the empire wouldn't've collapsed so abruptly had the succession been clearer.
Es un escenario contrafactual, pero se podría argumentar que el imperio no habría colapsado tan abruptamente si la sucesión hubiera sido más clara.
I'd've been remiss if I hadn't've mentioned the contributions of the junior staff.
Habría sido negligente si no hubiera mencionado las contribuciones del personal subalterno.
The project would've've (rare triple) succeeded if the funding hadn't've been pulled.
El proyecto habría tenido éxito si no se hubiera retirado la financiación.
Were it not for your intervention, I'd've surely succumbed to the pressure.
Si no fuera por tu intervención, seguramente habría sucumbido a la presión.
بهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Both 'would' and 'had' contract to ''d'.
They sound identical in speech.
اشتباهات رایج
I would of go.
I would have gone.
If I would have seen him...
If I had seen him...
I'd've know.
I'd've known.
If I'd've known, I'd've did it.
If I'd've known, I'd've done it.
الگوهای جملهسازی
If I'd've known ___, I'd've ___.
I wouldn't've ___ if I'd've ___.
Real World Usage
I'd've texted u but my phone died.
If I'd had more time, I'd have finished the project.
I wouldn't've bought this if I'd known it was broken.
I'd've loved to be there! Looks fun!
We'd've seen the Eiffel Tower if we'd've stayed longer.
He'd've scored if he'd've taken the shot earlier!
به صدای 've خوب گوش کن
رسمی در مقابل غیررسمی
Remember to use these contractions primarily in informal settings.
تلفظ رو تمرین کن
If I'd known, I'd've gone repeatedly until it feels natural."طبیعی صحبت کردن
Using these contractions correctly is a huge step towards sounding like a native speaker.
بافت جمله خیلی مهمه
Smart Tips
They are likely saying 'I'd have' or 'I'd've'. Look at the context to see if they are talking about a regret.
Use 'I'd've' to save space and sound more like a friend than a textbook.
Ignore it! It's a mistake. Always remember it's 'would have'.
Try to say 'I'd've' in one single breath without pausing between the words.
تلفظ
The Schwa Reduction
The 'have' in 'I'd've' is reduced to a tiny 'uv' sound (/əv/).
The 'D' Link
The 'd' from 'would' often links directly to the 'v' of 'have'.
Regretful Fall
I'd've ↘ gone.
Conveys a sense of sadness or finality about the past.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
I'd've rhymes with 'I dive' into the past.
تداعی تصویری
Imagine a time machine with three buttons: 'I', 'Would', and 'Have'. When you press them all at once, the machine glows and says 'I'd've'!
Rhyme
If I'd've known, I'd've shown, but the chance has flown.
Story
A man named 'Ida' (I'd've) always regrets things. He says, 'If I'd've bought that ticket, I'd've been a millionaire.' He lives in the past, always using his double-contraction name.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Think of three things you regret from last week. Say them out loud using 'I'd've' as fast as you can.
نکات فرهنگی
In the Southern US, you might hear 'I'd'a' instead of 'I'd've'. It is very informal.
British speakers use double contractions frequently in casual conversation, especially in London and the North.
Aussies often shorten these even further, almost swallowing the 'have' entirely.
The Third Conditional developed in Middle English as the subjunctive mood became less distinct.
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
If you'd've been born in a different country, how'd've your life been different?
If you'd've known about the pandemic in 2019, what'd've you done differently?
What's a movie you'd've liked to star in if you'd've been an actor?
موضوعات نگارش
اشتباهات رایج
Test Yourself
If you ___ asked, I'd've helped you.
Find and fix the mistake:
If she'd've studied, she'd've passed the test.
جمله صحیح رو انتخاب کن:
ترجمه کن به انگلیسی: 'Si yo hubiera sabido, habría ido.'
Answer starts with: ["I...
Score: /4
تمرینهای عملی
8 exercisesIf I'd seen the sign, ___ stopped.
Find and fix the mistake:
I would of called you if I'd've known you were home.
Choose the best option.
If I'd studied, ___.
Match 'She would have'
You can use 'I'd've' in the 'if' clause in formal writing.
A: Why didn't you come? B: If I'd known it was your birthday, ___.
Select the correct one.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesIf she'd seen the warning, she ___ avoided the accident.
We'd've finished on time if we'd've started earlier.
جمله صحیح رو انتخاب کن:
ترجمه کن به انگلیسی: 'Si ella no hubiera estado ocupada, nos habría acompañado.'
این کلمات رو مرتب کن تا یه جمله بسازی:
فرمهای کامل رو با معادلهای مخففشون مطابقت بده:
I ___ bought it if it'd been on sale.
If it'd've rained, the game would've been cancelled.
کدوم جمله صحیحه؟
ترجمه کن به انگلیسی: 'Nosotros no habríamos terminado si no hubieras ayudado.'
این کلمات رو مرتب کن تا یه جمله بسازی:
فاعلها رو با مخففهای 'would have'شون مطابقت بده:
Score: /12
سوالات متداول (8)
It is a 'double contraction'. While not a single word in the dictionary, it is a standard part of spoken English and informal writing.
Because 'would've' and 'would of' sound exactly the same. It is a very common mistake made by native speakers.
It's better to use 'I would have' or 'I'd have' to remain professional. 'I'd've' is very casual.
'I'd' can mean 'I would' or 'I had'. 'I'd've' specifically means 'I would have'.
It sounds like 'WOOD-unt-uv'. The 'h' in 'have' is completely silent.
Yes, it is very common in all major dialects of English, including British, American, and Australian.
Yes! You can say 'could've' or 'should've'. Double contractions like 'shouldn't've' are also common.
Yes, in the third conditional, it always refers to an imaginary past situation.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Si hubiera sabido, habría ido.
Spanish has no equivalent to the double contraction 'I'd've'.
Si j'avais su, je serais venu.
French cannot contract 'je' and 'serais' into a single sound like English.
Wenn ich es gewusst hätte, wäre ich gekommen.
German uses 'hätte' (had) or 'wäre' (were) depending on the verb, whereas English mostly uses 'would have'.
Shitteitara, itteita noni.
Japanese has no auxiliary verbs like 'would' or 'have' to contract.
Law kuntu a'lam, lakuntu dhahabt.
Arabic grammar is based on particles and prefixes, not auxiliary stacking.
Rúguǒ wǒ zǎo zhīdào, wǒ jiù qùle.
Chinese has no verb conjugation, so the entire concept of 'would have been' is expressed through context.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
ویدیوهای مرتبط
Related Grammar Rules
شرطی اول: Unless = If Not
تا به حال سعی کردهاید به دوستی توضیح دهید که حتماً به مهمانی خانهاش میآیید، اما فقط در صورتی که رئیستان مجبورتان نکند...
حالت صفر: عادات و روتینها
Overview تا به حال متوجه شدهاید که چگونه گوشی شما به محض غروب خورشید به طور خودکار به حالت Dark Mode تغییر میکند؟ یا چ...
Can: ابراز توانایی (Can)
Overview میتونی پشتک بزنی؟ یا شاید فقط بلدی یه نون خمیرترشِ درستوحسابی بپزی؟ در هر صورت، داری از `can` استفاده میکنی...
شرطیهای ترکیبی: عمل گذشته، نتیجه حال (Type 2)
### Overview شرایطهای مختلط (Mixed Conditionals) یکی از ساختارهای پیشرفته و در عین حال بسیار کاربردی در زبان انگلیسی هس...
Suppose & Supposing: بازی 'چه می شد اگر'
### مقدمه در گرامر زبان انگلیسی، عبارات `suppose` و `supposing` نقش ویژهای در بیان جملات شرطی و تشویق مخاطب به تفکر در...
