When someone is altruistic, it means they are very kind and think about other people's happiness before their own. They like to help others a lot. They do good things for friends, family, or even strangers. They do not want anything back for themselves. It is like sharing your toys just to see someone else smile. An altruistic person always wants to make the world a better place for everyone.
§ Mistakes people make with this word
The word "altruistic" describes behavior that shows a selfless concern for the well-being of others. It characterizes actions performed for the benefit of someone else without expecting any personal reward or gain. While its definition seems straightforward, there are several common mistakes and nuances that learners, especially those at a B2 CEFR level, often encounter when using "altruistic." Understanding these can significantly improve accuracy and naturalness in spoken and written English.
§ 1. Confusing "altruistic" with "generous" or "kind"
While altruistic actions are often generous and kind, the core meaning of "altruistic" emphasizes selflessness and the absence of expectation for personal gain. "Generous" simply means giving freely, and "kind" implies being friendly, considerate, or benevolent. An act can be generous or kind without being entirely altruistic if there's an underlying expectation of reciprocation, recognition, or even just a good feeling for the giver.
- Incorrect Usage
- She was very altruistic to buy me a coffee.
Buying someone a coffee is kind and generous, but it doesn't necessarily imply a deep, selfless concern for their well-being in the altruistic sense. It's usually a simple gesture of goodwill.
- Correct Usage
- His decision to donate a kidney to a stranger was a truly altruistic act.
The volunteers' tireless efforts to help the disaster victims, with no expectation of reward, were incredibly altruistic.
§ 2. Overusing "altruistic" or using it for trivial actions
Because "altruistic" carries a strong connotation of profound selflessness, it can sound unnatural or even hyperbolic when applied to everyday, less significant actions. Not every good deed is "altruistic."
- Incorrect Usage
- It was very altruistic of you to hold the door open for me.
Holding a door is polite and helpful, but rarely considered an act of deep altruism. Words like "thoughtful" or "courteous" would be more appropriate.
- Correct Usage
- The anonymous donor's altruistic gift saved the charity from closure.
§ 3. Misunderstanding the "no personal reward" aspect
A key component of altruism is the absence of expectation for personal reward or gain. This includes not just financial or material gain, but also social recognition, praise, or even the "feel-good" factor, if that is the primary motivation. If an action is performed mainly to feel good about oneself, or to be seen as a good person, its altruistic nature can be debated.
- Potential Misinterpretation
- She helps others constantly because it makes her feel happy; that's so altruistic.
While feeling happy is a natural consequence of helping, if the primary driver is personal emotional gratification rather than the benefit of others, it might not be purely altruistic in the strictest sense. It's a subtle distinction.
- Nuanced Understanding
- Despite personal risks and no hope of recognition, the rescuer's actions were undeniably altruistic.
His lifelong dedication to caring for the abandoned animals, often at great personal expense and without seeking public praise, exemplified a truly altruistic spirit.
§ 4. Using "altruistic" as a noun for a person
While "altruist" is the correct noun for a person who exhibits altruism, learners sometimes incorrectly use "altruistic" as a noun.
- Incorrect Usage
- She is an altruistic.
- Correct Usage
- She is an altruist.
A true altruist finds joy in the welfare of others.
§ 5. Not recognizing its formal tone
"Altruistic" is a relatively formal word and might sound out of place in very casual conversations or informal writing. Using it in everyday chat when simpler words like "helpful," "caring," or "selfless" would suffice can make your language sound stilted or overly academic.
Formal Context: "The study examined the altruistic motivations of volunteers."
Informal Context (better alternatives): "She's really caring and always helps people." (Instead of "She's very altruistic.")
By being mindful of these common pitfalls, B2 learners can use "altruistic" more precisely and effectively, enriching their vocabulary and expressing nuanced ideas about human motivation and behavior.
چقدر رسمی است؟
"The benevolent dictator, though a contradiction in terms, was lauded for their philanthropic efforts."
"Her unselfish dedication to her family was truly admirable."
"He's a really giving person, always helping out his friends."
"It's very kind of you to share your toys."
"She's my ride or die, always got my back no matter what."
گرامر لازم
Adjectives often precede the nouns they modify. For example, 'altruistic acts' or 'an altruistic person'.
His altruistic efforts greatly benefited the community.
Adjectives can follow linking verbs (like 'be', 'seem', 'become') to describe the subject. For example, 'Her actions were altruistic'.
The decision to donate a kidney was truly altruistic.
Adjectives can be used in comparative and superlative forms, though 'altruistic' is typically used with 'more' and 'most' due to its length. For example, 'more altruistic' or 'most altruistic'.
He is more altruistic than anyone I know.
Adjectives can be modified by adverbs, especially adverbs of degree. For example, 'exceptionally altruistic' or 'remarkably altruistic'.
She was remarkably altruistic in her dedication to helping the less fortunate.
Nouns can be used to describe an altruistic quality, such as 'altruism'. This noun relates directly to the adjective.
Her altruism was evident in every aspect of her life.
مثالها بر اساس سطح
She helped the lost cat.
She was kind to the cat.
Simple past tense for a completed action.
He shares his toys.
He gives toys to friends.
Simple present tense for a regular action.
They give food to people.
They help hungry people.
Simple present tense, plural subject.
I like to help my mom.
I want to make my mom happy.
Using 'like to' for preference.
We clean the park for everyone.
We make the park nice for others.
Simple present tense, plural subject.
She gave her snack to a friend.
She shared her food.
Simple past tense for a single action.
He helps his little sister.
He is kind to his sister.
Simple present tense, singular subject.
They play together nicely.
They are friendly when they play.
Simple present tense, adverb 'nicely'.
مترادفها
متضادها
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
His actions were entirely altruistic, seeking no personal gain.
He acted completely selflessly, not wanting anything for himself.
She demonstrated an altruistic spirit by volunteering her time.
She showed a selfless spirit by offering her time.
It's an altruistic endeavor aimed at helping the less fortunate.
It's a selfless effort intended to assist those who are less lucky.
Many people find altruistic work to be deeply rewarding.
Many people consider selfless work to be very satisfying.
His altruistic motives were evident in his dedication to the cause.
His selfless reasons were clear in his commitment to the cause.
The charity relies on the altruistic contributions of its supporters.
The charity depends on the selfless donations of its backers.
An altruistic approach prioritizes the welfare of others.
A selfless approach puts the well-being of others first.
He is known for his altruistic acts of kindness.
He is recognized for his selfless acts of kindness.
The foundation promotes altruistic values in society.
The foundation encourages selfless values in the community.
It's rare to find such an altruistic individual in today's world.
It's uncommon to encounter such a selfless person nowadays.
نکات
Contextual Learning
Always try to learn new words in context. Read sentences where 'altruistic' is used to understand its nuances.
Synonyms and Antonyms
Explore synonyms like 'selfless' or 'benevolent' and antonyms like 'selfish' or 'egoistic' to grasp its meaning more deeply.
Sentence Construction
Practice using 'altruistic' in your own sentences. This helps solidify your understanding and improves retention.
Etymology Check
Look up the origin of 'altruistic.' Knowing its roots can sometimes help in remembering the word.
Visual Association
Try to associate 'altruistic' with a mental image or a person you know who embodies this quality.
Regular Review
Periodically review words you've learned. Spaced repetition is a powerful technique for long-term memory.
Flashcards
Create flashcards with 'altruistic' on one side and its definition, synonyms, and example sentences on the other.
Speak and Listen
Actively try to use 'altruistic' in conversations and listen for it in spoken English to reinforce your learning.
Avoid Rote Memorization
While definitions are important, avoid simply memorizing without understanding the practical use of the word.
Identify Nuances
As you advance, pay attention to the subtle differences between 'altruistic' and similar words, like 'charitable' or 'philanthropic'.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Imagine an 'ALTAR' where you're making a sacrifice (giving something up) for 'TRUE' well-being of others. 'ALTRUISTIC' = ALTAR + TRUE.
تداعی تصویری
Picture a superhero, not flying or fighting, but quietly helping an elderly person cross the street, or a doctor working tirelessly in a war zone without seeking fame or fortune. Their cape, instead of being bright and flashy, is a soft, comforting blue, symbolizing calm, selfless care. They aren't looking at the camera; they're focused entirely on the person they're helping.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Think about a time you witnessed an altruistic act, or performed one yourself. Describe the situation and how it embodied altruism. Alternatively, consider a fictional character known for their altruism and explain why.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Volunteering for a charity: Someone spending their free time helping those in need, like serving food at a homeless shelter or participating in a clean-up drive.
- selfless dedication
- giving back to the community
- making a difference
Animal rescue: An individual adopting a special needs pet or dedicating resources to rehabilitate stray animals.
- compassionate act
- animal welfare
- unconditional care
Donating blood or organs: Someone providing a vital resource to save a stranger's life without any personal benefit.
- life-saving gift
- humanitarian gesture
- profound impact
Mentoring a young person: An experienced professional guiding a less experienced individual in their career or personal development.
- nurturing talent
- investing in the future
- sharing wisdom
A doctor working in a conflict zone: A medical professional risking their own safety to provide care in a dangerous environment.
- courageous service
- devotion to humanity
- under extreme conditions
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"Can you describe a time you witnessed a truly altruistic act?"
"What do you think motivates people to be altruistic?"
"How can we encourage more altruistic behavior in society?"
"Are there any downsides to being overly altruistic?"
"What's the difference between being altruistic and being kind?"
موضوعات نگارش
Reflect on a time you acted altruistically. What was the situation, and how did it make you feel?
Consider how altruism impacts society. Write about its importance and potential challenges.
Imagine a world where everyone acted altruistically. Describe what that world would be like.
Explore the concept of 'enlightened self-interest' and how it relates to altruism.
Think about someone you know who embodies altruistic qualities. What can you learn from them?
سوالات متداول
10 سوالCertainly! Donating blood, volunteering at a homeless shelter, helping a stranger with their groceries, or even sacrificing your own time to listen to a friend in need are all great examples of altruistic behavior. It's all about putting others first without expecting anything in return.
Yes, 'altruistic' almost always carries a positive connotation. It describes actions that are inherently good and beneficial to others, springing from a place of selflessness. It's generally seen as a highly desirable trait.
That's a good question! The opposite of altruistic would be something like 'selfish' or 'egoistic,' which describe actions motivated by personal gain or self-interest, rather than concern for others.
That's an interesting thought! While the concept of altruism is primarily applied to humans, there are many examples of animals exhibiting behaviors that appear altruistic, such as a mother bird defending her young or certain species sharing food. However, whether these actions are truly selfless in the human sense is a topic of ongoing debate among scientists.
That's a wonderful goal! To become more altruistic, you could start by looking for opportunities to help others in your daily life, no matter how small. Volunteering your time, donating to causes you care about, or simply practicing empathy and trying to understand others' perspectives can all contribute to developing a more altruistic mindset.
While 'altruistic' and 'generous' are often related, there's a subtle difference. 'Generous' often refers to giving resources, like money or gifts. 'Altruistic,' on the other hand, specifically focuses on the motivation behind the action – acting selflessly for the well-being of others, which can include generosity but also other forms of help or sacrifice.
Of course! Here's a sentence: 'The doctor's altruistic dedication to treating patients in underserved communities earned her widespread admiration.' This shows her selfless concern for others' health.
The word 'altruism' was coined in the 19th century by the French philosopher Auguste Comte, derived from the Latin word 'alter,' meaning 'other.' So, 'altruistic' literally means 'of or relating to others,' emphasizing the focus on other people's well-being.
Not necessarily! While some altruistic acts involve significant sacrifice, like risking one's life to save another, many are much smaller and more everyday. Even a kind word or a small act of consideration for someone else can be considered altruistic if it comes from a place of selfless concern.
Absolutely! Many historical figures are celebrated for their altruism. Think of individuals like Mother Teresa, known for her tireless work with the poor and sick, or Nelson Mandela, who fought for equality and justice for his people. Their lives were marked by a profound selfless concern for the well-being of others.
خودت رو بسنج 48 سوال
The word describes someone who helps others without wanting anything in return.
Think about helping someone else when you don't have to.
They help others without seeking personal gain.
این را بلند بخوانید:
Being altruistic means you care about others a lot.
تمرکز: al-tru-IS-tic
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
An altruistic person is very kind.
تمرکز: al-tru-IS-tic per-son
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
Helping others is an altruistic action.
تمرکز: al-tru-IS-tic ACT-ion
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Imagine your friend helped you with your homework even though they were busy. Write a short thank-you note to them, explaining how their help was a kind and selfless act.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
Dear [Friend's Name], Thank you so much for helping me with my homework. I know you were busy, so it was very kind and selfless of you to take the time. I really appreciate it! Best, [Your Name]
Think about a time you shared your toys or snacks with someone without expecting anything back. Describe what you did and why it felt good to be generous.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
One day, I shared my cookies with my friend who forgot their snack. I didn't want anything in return, and it made me feel happy to see my friend smiling. It was good to be generous.
Your pet is sick, and your neighbor offers to help you take care of it, even though they have a lot to do. Write a short sentence describing your neighbor's action using a word that means 'selfless'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
My neighbor's help with my sick pet was truly selfless.
What did Sarah do for the old woman?
این متن را بخوانید:
Sarah saw an old woman struggling to carry her heavy bags. Sarah stopped and offered to help the woman carry her groceries home. She didn't ask for any money or a favor in return. Sarah just wanted to make sure the woman got home safely.
What did Sarah do for the old woman?
The passage states that Sarah 'offered to help the woman carry her groceries home.'
The passage states that Sarah 'offered to help the woman carry her groceries home.'
Why did Mark return the wallet?
این متن را بخوانید:
Mark found a lost wallet on the street. It had money and an ID inside. Mark didn't take any money. He looked at the ID and found the owner's address. He went to the address and returned the wallet to its very happy owner.
Why did Mark return the wallet?
The passage implies Mark's actions were driven by a sense of right without expecting anything in return, which aligns with selfless behavior.
The passage implies Mark's actions were driven by a sense of right without expecting anything in return, which aligns with selfless behavior.
What was the main reason the friends cleaned the park?
این متن را بخوانید:
A group of friends decided to clean up the local park on a Saturday morning. They spent hours picking up trash and making the park a nicer place for everyone. They didn't get paid for their work; they just wanted to help their community.
What was the main reason the friends cleaned the park?
The passage states, 'they just wanted to help their community.'
The passage states, 'they just wanted to help their community.'
Which of these actions is an example of an altruistic act?
An altruistic act is when you help others without expecting anything back. Volunteering to help those in need fits this description.
Someone who is altruistic is most likely to:
Altruistic people show selfless concern for others' well-being, meaning they care about what happens to other people.
Which sentence best describes an altruistic person?
An altruistic person helps others without expecting personal gain, which means they do not ask for anything in return.
Giving money to charity because you want to look good is an altruistic act.
An altruistic act is done without expecting personal reward or gain. If you give money to charity to look good, you are expecting something in return (a good image), so it's not truly altruistic.
A person who shares their lunch with a hungry classmate because they feel sorry for them is showing altruism.
Sharing food with someone in need because you feel sorry for them, without expecting anything back, is an example of selfless concern for another's well-being, which is altruistic.
True or False: Altruistic behavior means you only think about yourself.
Altruistic behavior is about selfless concern for the well-being of others, meaning you think about others, not just yourself.
Describe a time you saw someone being altruistic. What did they do, and how did it help others?
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
My friend volunteered at a local animal shelter every weekend. She spent hours cleaning cages and playing with the animals. She didn't get paid, but she loved helping the animals find new homes. It was a truly altruistic act.
Imagine you have an opportunity to perform an altruistic act for your community. What would you do, and why?
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
I would organize a neighborhood clean-up day. We would pick up trash in the park and on the streets. It would make our area look nicer and be a healthier place for everyone. I think it's important to help make our community better.
Write a short paragraph explaining why being altruistic is important in society.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
Being altruistic is very important because it helps people work together. When we help others without expecting anything in return, it creates a stronger and kinder society. It makes the world a better place for everyone.
What did Sarah do that showed altruistic behavior?
این متن را بخوانید:
Sarah saw an elderly woman struggling to carry her groceries. Without hesitation, Sarah walked over and offered to help. She carried the heavy bags all the way to the woman's car and even helped her put them in the trunk. Sarah smiled and waved goodbye, not expecting anything in return. Her kind act made the woman's day much easier.
What did Sarah do that showed altruistic behavior?
Sarah's action of offering to help without being asked and expecting nothing in return demonstrates altruistic behavior.
Sarah's action of offering to help without being asked and expecting nothing in return demonstrates altruistic behavior.
Which of the following best describes Mark's actions?
این متن را بخوانید:
Mark spent his Saturday volunteering at the local soup kitchen. He helped prepare meals and serve them to people in need. He didn't tell anyone about his volunteering; he just wanted to help. Many people benefited from his effort, and Mark felt happy knowing he made a difference.
Which of the following best describes Mark's actions?
Mark's volunteering without telling anyone and wanting to help people in need demonstrates selfless concern, which is altruistic.
Mark's volunteering without telling anyone and wanting to help people in need demonstrates selfless concern, which is altruistic.
Why did the students organize the bake sale?
این متن را بخوانید:
A group of students decided to raise money for a charity that supports children's education. They organized a bake sale and spent many hours making cakes and cookies. They gave all the money they earned to the charity, hoping it would help many children learn and grow. They felt good about contributing to a worthy cause.
Why did the students organize the bake sale?
The passage clearly states they gave all the money to a charity supporting children's education, indicating an altruistic motive.
The passage clearly states they gave all the money to a charity supporting children's education, indicating an altruistic motive.
Describe a situation where you witnessed or performed an altruistic act. Explain what made it altruistic and the impact it had.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
I once saw a young man stop to help an elderly woman who had dropped her groceries. He not only helped her pick them up, but he also carried her bags to her car, refusing any offer of money. This was altruistic because he acted purely out of a desire to help someone in need, with no expectation of reward. His kindness brought a smile to her face and demonstrated the power of selfless actions.
Imagine you are writing a blog post about the importance of altruism in society. Write an introductory paragraph explaining what altruism is and why it's beneficial.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
In a world that often seems to prioritize individual success, the concept of altruism shines as a beacon of hope. At its core, altruism is about acting with selfless concern for the welfare of others, putting their needs before our own. This isn't just about grand gestures; it's also about everyday acts of kindness that foster stronger communities and build a more empathetic society. Embracing altruism can lead to a more harmonious and supportive environment for everyone.
Write a short paragraph reflecting on how altruistic behavior can contribute to personal happiness and fulfillment.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
While altruistic acts are primarily focused on benefiting others, they often bring profound personal rewards. Engaging in selfless behavior can create a deep sense of satisfaction and purpose, as we realize our capacity to make a positive difference in the world. This connection to something larger than ourselves can boost our overall well-being and foster a feeling of fulfillment that materialistic pursuits often fail to provide.
What is the main characteristic of Sarah's actions that makes them altruistic?
این متن را بخوانید:
Sarah dedicated her weekends to volunteering at the local animal shelter. She spent hours cleaning kennels, feeding animals, and playing with the dogs and cats, all without expecting any payment or recognition. Her actions were driven solely by a deep love for animals and a desire to improve their lives. Many admired her altruistic spirit.
What is the main characteristic of Sarah's actions that makes them altruistic?
The definition of altruistic emphasizes actions performed without expecting personal reward or gain. Sarah's lack of expectation for payment or recognition highlights this aspect.
The definition of altruistic emphasizes actions performed without expecting personal reward or gain. Sarah's lack of expectation for payment or recognition highlights this aspect.
According to the passage, what is a common purpose of stories featuring altruistic heroes?
این متن را بخوانید:
In many cultures, stories and legends often feature heroes who perform incredibly altruistic deeds, sacrificing their own safety or possessions for the greater good of their community or loved ones. These narratives serve to inspire and reinforce the value of selfless behavior as a cornerstone of a harmonious society.
According to the passage, what is a common purpose of stories featuring altruistic heroes?
The passage states that 'These narratives serve to inspire and reinforce the value of selfless behavior,' which directly aligns with encouraging and strengthening altruistic acts.
The passage states that 'These narratives serve to inspire and reinforce the value of selfless behavior,' which directly aligns with encouraging and strengthening altruistic acts.
What does the passage suggest about altruistic behavior in the animal kingdom?
این متن را بخوانید:
Scientists have studied altruism not only in humans but also in the animal kingdom. They observe instances where animals, such as certain species of birds or insects, will risk their own lives to protect others in their group, even their non-relatives. This suggests that altruistic behavior might have evolutionary benefits for the survival of a species.
What does the passage suggest about altruistic behavior in the animal kingdom?
The passage explicitly states that 'This suggests that altruistic behavior might have evolutionary benefits for the survival of a species.'
The passage explicitly states that 'This suggests that altruistic behavior might have evolutionary benefits for the survival of a species.'
This sentence structure correctly conveys the meaning of altruistic actions.
This sentence emphasizes the core characteristic of altruistic behavior.
This sentence demonstrates altruism in a practical context, highlighting the lack of expectation for reward.
This sentence structure correctly places the adverb 'truly' before the adjective 'altruistic' and forms a coherent statement about the nature of altruism.
The correct order emphasizes 'altruistic endeavors' as the subject and the positive impact these actions have had on the community.
This arrangement correctly highlights the doctor's 'altruistic dedication' as the key characteristic that led to his extended commitment.
Focus on the speaker's tone and emphasis on 'altruistic endeavors'.
Listen for the connection between 'altruistic decision' and 'human compassion'.
Pay attention to the description of the mission as 'altruistic'.
این را بلند بخوانید:
Can you elaborate on a time when you witnessed an altruistic act that profoundly impacted you?
تمرکز: el-a-bor-ate
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
Discuss the ethical implications of purely altruistic actions in a competitive professional environment.
تمرکز: eth-i-cal im-pli-ca-tions
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
How might an organization foster a culture of altruism among its employees, and what benefits could arise from this?
تمرکز: fos-ter a cul-ture of al-tru-ism
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
/ 48 درست
نمره کامل!
Contextual Learning
Always try to learn new words in context. Read sentences where 'altruistic' is used to understand its nuances.
Synonyms and Antonyms
Explore synonyms like 'selfless' or 'benevolent' and antonyms like 'selfish' or 'egoistic' to grasp its meaning more deeply.
Sentence Construction
Practice using 'altruistic' in your own sentences. This helps solidify your understanding and improves retention.
Etymology Check
Look up the origin of 'altruistic.' Knowing its roots can sometimes help in remembering the word.
مثال
It was truly altruistic of her to spend her entire weekend volunteering at the local animal shelter.
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر Social
abanthropate
C1Describes a state of being removed from, or having lost, the essential qualities and characteristics of humanity. It is often used in philosophical or literary contexts to describe a person or entity that has transcended or been alienated from the human condition.
abhospence
C1A rare or formal term describing the state or act of lacking hospitality, or the deliberate withdrawal of a welcoming attitude towards guests or outsiders. It refers to a cold, inhospitable atmosphere or a specific instance where a host fails to provide expected comforts or kindness.
abjudtude
C1The state or quality of being formally rejected, cast off, or disowned through an authoritative or judicial decision. It refers to a condition of absolute renunciation where a person or entity is stripped of their previous status or rights.
abphobship
C1A formal adjective describing a systemic and deep-seated aversion to institutional hierarchies or organized authority figures. It is frequently applied in sociological and organizational contexts to describe individuals or movements that intentionally distance themselves from formal power structures.
abstinence
B2تصمیم آگاهانه برای دوری از چیزی، مثل الکل یا غذا، به خاطر خودداری و نظم شخصی.
abtactship
C1یعنی حالتی که هیچ تماس فیزیکی نداری یا ملموس نیستی. برای توصیف رابطهای که مادی یا جسمی نیست به کار میره.
abtrudship
C1To forcefully impose one's leadership, authority, or specific set of rules onto a group without their consent or prior consultation. It describes the act of thrusting a structured way of doing things upon others in a dominant or intrusive manner.
abvictious
C1To strategically yield or concede a minor position or advantage in order to ensure a greater ultimate victory. It describes a sophisticated form of success achieved through intentional, calculated loss or withdrawal.
abvolism
C1یعنی آدم خودش رو از قوانین جامعه جدا کنه تا کاملاً مستقل بشه.
acceptance
B2Acceptance is the act of agreeing to an offer, plan, or invitation, or the process of being received into a group or society. It also refers to the willingness to tolerate a difficult situation or the state of being approved by others.
