हटना در ۳۰ ثانیه
- To move aside, step back, or withdraw.
- Used for physical movement and figurative disengagement.
- Common in daily conversations for creating space.
- Essential for describing actions of moving away.
- Core Meaning
- The Hindi verb 'हटना' (haṭnā) fundamentally means to move from one place to another, specifically by stepping aside, stepping back, or withdrawing. It implies creating space or disengaging from a current position or situation. It's a common and versatile verb used in everyday conversations to describe physical movements and also more abstract forms of disengagement.
- Physical Movement
- In its most literal sense, 'हटना' is used when someone needs to move out of the way. Imagine a crowded street or a doorway; you might ask someone to 'हटना' so you can pass. It's also used when someone needs to step back to create distance, perhaps for safety or simply to get a better view. Think of a performer stepping back from the microphone or someone stepping back from a hot stove. It signifies a physical shift away from an immediate proximity.
- Withdrawal and Disengagement
- Beyond physical actions, 'हटना' can also describe a withdrawal from a commitment, a situation, or even a position. For instance, if someone is no longer interested in participating in an event, they might 'हटना' from the group. In a more formal context, it can mean to withdraw one's candidacy or to step down from a role. This figurative use highlights the idea of removing oneself from an active engagement or a specific state.
- Creating Space and Avoiding Obstacles
- The underlying concept of 'हटना' often involves creating space. This could be literal, like moving a piece of furniture to make room, or figurative, like stepping back from an argument to allow for cooler heads to prevail. It's about making way, clearing a path, or removing oneself to avoid a collision or an unwanted interaction. The verb is essential for describing actions that involve a shift in position to facilitate movement or to avoid being in the way.
- Everyday Scenarios
- You'll hear 'हटना' frequently in daily life. A shopkeeper might ask a customer to 'हटना' from the counter so they can serve the next person. Parents might tell their children to 'हटना' from the road. In a meeting, someone might 'हटना' from a controversial topic. The verb is so common that it's often used without much thought, deeply embedded in the fabric of Hindi communication for describing these fundamental actions of moving aside or disengaging.
Please हटना so I can pass.
The crowd had to हटना for the parade.
- Figurative Use
- When someone withdraws from a competition or a project, they 'हटना' from it. This implies a voluntary removal from active participation. For example, a politician might 'हटना' from the election race.
He decided to हटना from the race.
- Basic Structure
- The verb 'हटना' is typically conjugated according to the subject and tense. In its infinitive form, it ends with 'ना'. When used in sentences, it often follows the subject and is placed towards the end of the sentence, similar to many other Hindi verbs. For example, 'मैं हटता हूँ' (Main haṭtā hū̃ - I move aside) or 'वे हट गए' (Ve haṭ gaye - They moved aside).
- Imperative Sentences (Commands)
- To ask someone to move, you use the imperative form. The polite imperative is 'हटिए' (haṭie) and the informal is 'हट' (haṭ). For instance, 'कृपया थोड़ा हटिए।' (Kṛpayā thoṛā haṭie. - Please move a little.) or 'हट जाओ!' (Haṭ jāo! - Move away! - informal, sometimes stern).
- Past Tense Usage
- The past tense is very common. It often uses the auxiliary verb 'जाना' (jānā) to indicate completion. For example, 'वह आगे हट गया।' (Vah āge haṭ gayā. - He moved forward/aside.) or 'हम पीछे हट गए।' (Ham pīche haṭ gaye. - We stepped back.). This construction emphasizes that the action of moving has been completed.
- Present Continuous Tense
- The present continuous tense describes an action in progress. 'वह हट रहा है।' (Vah haṭ rahā hai. - He is moving aside.) or 'आप हट रहे हैं?' (Āp haṭ rahe haĩ? - Are you moving aside?). This is used when the movement is happening right now.
- Figurative Usage in Sentences
- In figurative contexts, 'हटना' often appears with prepositions or phrases indicating the context of withdrawal. For instance, 'वह पार्टी से हट गया।' (Vah pārṭī se haṭ gayā. - He withdrew from the party.) or 'उसने अपने बयान से हटने से इनकार कर दिया।' (Usne apne bayān se haṭne se inkār kar diyā. - He refused to retract his statement.) The preposition 'से' (se) is crucial here to denote what the subject is withdrawing from.
- With 'ना' for Negation
- To negate the action, you use 'न' (na) or 'मत' (mat) before the verb. For example, 'आगे मत हटो।' (Āge mat haṭo. - Don't move forward.) or 'वह पीछे नहीं हटा।' (Vah pīche nahī̃ haṭā. - He did not step back.).
The car needs to हटना from the main road.
The soldiers had to हटना from the battlefield.
- Polite Requests
- When addressing elders or in formal settings, use 'हटिए' (haṭie) or 'थोड़ा हट जाइए' (thoṛā haṭ jāie) for politeness.
Excuse me, could you please हटना?
- Crowded Public Spaces
- You will hear 'हटना' constantly in busy places like markets, train stations, bus stands, and sidewalks. People often say, 'थोड़ा हटिए' (thoṛā haṭie - move a bit) or 'रास्ता दीजिए, हटना' (rāstā dījie, haṭnā - give way, move aside) to navigate through crowds. It's a very practical and frequently used phrase in such environments to maintain movement and avoid congestion.
- Traffic and Road Situations
- On the roads, drivers might ask others to 'हट जाइए' (haṭ jāie - move aside) if they are blocking the way. Pedestrians might say 'हट जा' (haṭ jā - move!) to a person or vehicle obstructing their path. In traffic jams, you might hear frustrated drivers yelling, 'आगे क्यों नहीं हटते?' (āge kyõ nahī̃ haṭte? - Why don't you move forward/aside?).
- Family and Home Settings
- At home, parents might tell their children to 'हट जाओ' (haṭ jāo - get away) from something dangerous or 'थोड़ा हटकर बैठो' (thoṛā haṭkar baiṭho - sit a little away). Siblings might ask each other to 'हट जा मेरे रास्ते से' (haṭ jā mere rāste se - get out of my way).
- Political and Social Discourse
- In news debates or discussions, you might hear about a politician deciding to 'हटना' from a particular post or 'हटना' from a coalition. This implies resignation or withdrawal from a position or alliance. For example, 'उन्होंने चुनाव से हटने का फैसला किया।' (Unhone chunāv se haṭne kā faislā kiyā. - He decided to withdraw from the election.)
- Sports and Games
- In sports, a player might need to 'हटना' from the field due to injury. In informal games, someone might say 'मैं इस खेल से हटता हूँ' (maĩ is khel se haṭtā hū̃ - I am withdrawing from this game) if they don't want to play anymore.
- Discussions about Boundaries
- When discussing personal space or boundaries, people might say, 'कृपया थोड़ा हटें, मुझे जगह चाहिए।' (Kṛpayā thoṛā haṭẽ, mujhe jagah chāhie. - Please move a little, I need space.) This is a polite way to ask for personal space.
The vendor asked the customer to हटना from the display.
The politician announced he would हटना from the leadership.
- Confusing with 'चलना' (chalnā)
- Learners sometimes confuse 'हटना' (haṭnā) with 'चलना' (chalnā), which means 'to walk' or 'to move' in a general sense. 'चलना' is about forward motion, while 'हटना' is specifically about moving aside, stepping back, or withdrawing. For example, saying 'मैं चलता हूँ' (main chaltā hū̃) means 'I am leaving' or 'I am walking away', whereas 'मैं हटता हूँ' (main haṭtā hū̃) means 'I am moving aside'. Using 'चलना' when you mean to step aside would be incorrect.
- Incorrect Tense or Conjugation
- Like any verb, incorrect conjugation can lead to errors. For instance, using the masculine singular form 'हटा' (haṭā) when the subject is feminine or plural, or using the wrong auxiliary verb in the past tense (e.g., using 'था' instead of 'गया' when 'जाना' is implied for completion) are common mistakes. Always ensure the verb agrees with the subject in gender, number, and person, and use the appropriate auxiliary verbs.
- Misusing Prepositions with Figurative Meaning
- When using 'हटना' figuratively (to withdraw from something), the correct preposition is crucial. Often, learners might omit the preposition 'से' (se) or use an incorrect one. For example, saying 'वह पार्टी हटना' is incorrect; it should be 'वह पार्टी से हटना' (Vah pārṭī se haṭnā - He withdrew from the party). The preposition 'से' indicates the source or the thing from which one is withdrawing.
- Overuse of 'जाना' (jānā)
- While 'जाना' is frequently used with 'हटना' in the past tense to denote completion (e.g., 'हट गया' - haṭ gayā), it's not always necessary or correct in every context. In the present tense or when emphasizing the ongoing action, 'जाना' is omitted. For instance, 'वह हट रहा है' (Vah haṭ rahā hai - He is moving aside), not 'वह हटता जा रहा है' (unless you specifically mean he is continuously moving aside). Overusing 'जाना' can make the sentence sound unnatural.
- Confusing with 'बदलना' (badalnā)
- 'बदलना' (badalnā) means 'to change'. While withdrawing from something can be seen as a change, 'हटना' is more specific to physical movement or disengagement. Using 'बदलना' when you mean to step aside would be inappropriate. For example, you wouldn't say 'मैं कुर्सी बदलता हूँ' (main kursī badaltā hū̃ - I change the chair) if you intended to say 'मैं कुर्सी से हटता हूँ' (main kursī se haṭtā hū̃ - I move from the chair).
Incorrect: मैं सड़क चलता हूँ। (I walk the road.) Correct: मुझे सड़क से हटना है। (I need to move from the road.)
Incorrect: वह दौड़ बदला। (He changed the race.) Correct: वह दौड़ से हट गया। (He withdrew from the race.)
- 'पीछे हटना' (Pīche haṭnā)
- This is a very close synonym, specifically meaning 'to step back' or 'to retreat'. While 'हटना' can mean moving in any direction to get out of the way, 'पीछे हटना' explicitly denotes moving backward. It's often used in contexts of military retreat or tactical withdrawal.
Example: सैनिक दुश्मन के सामने से पीछे हट गए। (Sainik duśman ke sāmane se pīche haṭ gaye. - The soldiers retreated from the enemy.) - 'किनारा करना' (Kinārā karnā)
- This phrase means 'to step aside', 'to distance oneself', or 'to avoid'. It's often used figuratively to mean avoiding involvement or responsibility. It implies a more deliberate distancing than just physically moving aside.
Example: उसने विवाद से किनारा कर लिया। (Usne vivād se kinārā kar liyā. - He distanced himself from the controversy.) - 'दूर होना' (Dūr honā)
- This means 'to be far' or 'to move away'. It's a more general term for creating distance. 'हटना' is about the action of moving aside, whereas 'दूर होना' can describe the state of being distant or the process of becoming distant.
Example: कृपया थोड़ा दूर हो जाइए। (Kṛpayā thoṛā dūr ho jāie. - Please move away a bit.) - 'अलग होना' (Alag honā)
- This means 'to separate' or 'to become different'. It can be used when someone withdraws from a group or a situation, implying a separation. It's less about physical movement and more about no longer being part of something.
Example: वह अपनी टीम से अलग हो गया। (Vah apnī ṭīm se alag ho gayā. - He separated from his team.) - 'निवृत्त होना' (Nivṛtt honā)
- This is a more formal term meaning 'to retire', 'to withdraw', or 'to cease'. It's used in formal contexts, often for withdrawing from a professional role or responsibility.
Example: उन्होंने अपने पद से निवृत्त होने का फैसला किया। (Unhone apne pad se nivṛtt hone kā faislā kiyā. - He decided to retire from his post.) - 'स्थान छोड़ना' (Sthān chhoṛnā)
- Literally meaning 'to leave a place', this is a direct alternative for moving from a physical location. It's a straightforward way to express vacating a spot.
Example: कृपया अपनी सीट छोड़ दें। (Kṛpayā apnī sīṭ chhoṛ deĩ. - Please leave your seat.)
'हटना' is about moving aside; 'पीछे हटना' is specifically moving backward.
'हटना' can be physical or figurative; 'अलग होना' is typically figurative for separation.
چقدر رسمی است؟
نکته جالب
The sound 'ह' (ha) in Hindi often represents an aspirated consonant, which can add a breathy quality to the word. This aspiration is a key feature of many Indo-Aryan languages and distinguishes them from Dravidian languages. The retroflex 'ट' (ṭa) is also characteristic of Indic languages, indicating a sound produced with the tongue curled back against the roof of the mouth.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Pronouncing the 'ह' (ha) as a hard 'h' instead of aspirated.
- Not using a retroflex 'ट' (ṭa); using a dental 't' instead.
- Incorrect vowel sounds, especially the short 'a' in the first syllable.
- Missing the nasalization on the 'न' (na).
سطح دشواری
The word 'हटना' is common and its basic meaning is easily understood. However, its figurative uses and common collocations might require more context for advanced learners.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
Verb Conjugation (Present, Past, Future Tense)
मैं हटता हूँ (I move), वह हट गया (He moved), हम हटेंगे (We will move).
Imperative Mood (Commands and Requests)
हट! (Move! - informal), हटिए। (Please move. - polite).
Use of Auxiliary Verbs (e.g., 'जाना' for completed action)
वह हट गया। (He moved - action completed).
Prepositional Phrases (especially with 'से' for withdrawal)
वह पार्टी से हट गया। (He withdrew from the party.)
Conditional Sentences
अगर तुम नहीं हटोगे, तो मैं आगे नहीं बढ़ूँगा। (If you don't move, I won't proceed.)
مثالها بر اساس سطح
थोड़ा हटो।
Move a little.
Imperative informal.
मैं हट गया।
I moved aside.
Past tense, masculine singular.
तुम हटो।
You move aside.
Imperative informal, addressing 'tum'.
वह हट गया।
He moved aside.
Past tense, masculine singular.
कृपया हटिए।
Please move aside.
Polite imperative.
हम हट गए।
We moved aside.
Past tense, plural.
हट जाओ!
Move away!
Informal, sometimes stern imperative.
वह हट गई।
She moved aside.
Past tense, feminine singular.
रास्ते से हटो।
Move from the path.
Imperative, informal.
मुझे थोड़ा हटना पड़ेगा।
I will have to move aside.
Future tense with 'padega' (necessity).
वह भीड़ से हट गया।
He moved away from the crowd.
Past tense with 'se' (from).
क्या आप थोड़ा हट सकते हैं?
Can you move a bit?
Polite request using 'sakna'.
गाड़ी को हटना पड़ा।
The car had to move aside.
Past tense with 'padna' (necessity).
वह मंच से हट गया।
He stepped down from the stage.
Figurative use, past tense.
हमें पीछे हटना होगा।
We will have to step back.
Future tense with 'hoga' (necessity).
वह पीछे हट गया।
He stepped back.
Past tense, specifically 'stepped back'.
उसने प्रतियोगिता से हटने का फैसला किया।
He decided to withdraw from the competition.
Figurative use, past tense with 'faisla kiya'.
मैं इस बहस से हटना चाहता हूँ।
I want to withdraw from this debate.
Figurative use, present tense with 'chahata hu'.
अगर रास्ता नहीं है, तो हटना पड़ेगा।
If there is no way, one will have to move aside.
Conditional sentence with 'padega'.
वह अपनी बात से नहीं हटा।
He did not back down from his statement.
Figurative use, negative past tense.
हमें स्थिति को देखते हुए थोड़ा हटना पड़ा।
We had to step back considering the situation.
Past tense with 'padna' and 'dekhte hue'.
राजनीति से हटना उनके लिए मुश्किल था।
It was difficult for him to withdraw from politics.
Figurative use, infinitive as subject.
उन्होंने अपनी ज़मीन से हटने से इनकार कर दिया।
They refused to move from their land.
Figurative use, negative infinitive with 'inkaar kar diya'.
जब तक तुम नहीं हटोगे, मैं आगे नहीं बढ़ूंगा।
Until you move aside, I will not proceed.
Complex sentence with future negative.
अप्रत्याशित घटना के कारण, सेना को पीछे हटने के लिए मजबूर होना पड़ा।
Due to an unexpected event, the army was forced to retreat.
Passive voice, 'majboor hona pada' (forced to).
वह अपनी महत्वाकांक्षाओं से हटने को तैयार नहीं था।
He was not ready to compromise on his ambitions.
Figurative use, 'hatne ko taiyar nahi tha'.
कंपनी ने भारी नुकसान के चलते अपने विस्तार योजनाओं से हटने का निर्णय लिया।
The company decided to withdraw from its expansion plans due to heavy losses.
Figurative use, 'nirnay liya' (decided).
जब तक सभी पक्ष सहमत न हों, इस मुद्दे पर कोई भी हटने को तैयार नहीं है।
Until all parties agree, no one is willing to back down on this issue.
Complex sentence with negation and willingness.
अचानक आई बाढ़ के कारण, ग्रामीणों को सुरक्षित स्थानों पर हटना पड़ा।
Due to the sudden flood, the villagers had to move to safe places.
Past tense with 'padna' and 'surakshit sthanon par'.
उसकी दृढ़ता को देखकर, प्रतिद्वंद्वी को अपनी स्थिति से हटना पड़ा।
Seeing his determination, the opponent had to withdraw from his position.
Past tense with 'dekhar' (seeing) and 'sthiti se'.
सरकार ने जन दबाव के आगे झुकते हुए, विवादास्पद कानून से हटने का संकेत दिया।
Yielding to public pressure, the government signaled its willingness to step back from the controversial law.
Figurative use, 'jhukte hue' (yielding), 'sanket diya' (signaled).
क्या यह संभव है कि वह अपने वादे से हटेगा?
Is it possible that he will go back on his promise?
Future tense question, figurative use.
रणनीतिक कारणों से, सेना को कुछ क्षेत्रों से अस्थायी रूप से हटने का आदेश दिया गया।
For strategic reasons, the army was ordered to temporarily withdraw from some areas.
Formal context, passive voice with 'aadesh diya gaya'.
अपने करियर के इस मुकाम पर, वह किसी भी तरह के जोखिम से हटने को तैयार नहीं था।
At this stage of his career, he was unwilling to shy away from any kind of risk.
Figurative use, 'shaiy ankarne ko taiyar nahi tha' (unwilling to shy away).
समाज में व्याप्त अन्याय के विरुद्ध आवाज उठाने के बजाय, उसने चुपचाप किनारे हटने का विकल्प चुना।
Instead of raising his voice against the injustice prevalent in society, he chose to quietly step aside.
Figurative use, complex sentence structure, 'kinare hatne ka vikalp chuna'.
विदेशी हस्तक्षेप के बढ़ते दबाव के बावजूद, उन्होंने अपनी संप्रभुता से हटने से साफ इनकार कर दिया।
Despite the increasing pressure of foreign intervention, they outright refused to compromise their sovereignty.
Figurative use, 'saaf inkaar kar diya' (outright refused).
अंतिम क्षणों में, प्रमुख खिलाड़ी के चोटिल होने के कारण, टीम को अपनी रणनीति से हटना पड़ा।
In the final moments, due to the injury of the key player, the team had to deviate from its strategy.
Figurative use, 'ranneeti se hatna pada'.
पर्यावरणीय चिंताओं को देखते हुए, परियोजना को आगे बढ़ाने के बजाय उसे हटने की सलाह दी गई।
Considering environmental concerns, he was advised to withdraw rather than proceed with the project.
Passive voice, 'hatne ki salah di gayi'.
किसी भी नैतिक दुविधा की स्थिति में, वह हमेशा सच्चाई का पक्ष लेने के लिए खड़ा रहा, न कि पीछे हटने के लिए।
In any situation of moral dilemma, he always stood to take the side of truth, not to back down.
Figurative use, contrasting actions.
आर्थिक मंदी के पूर्वानुमानों ने कई कंपनियों को अपने दीर्घकालिक निवेशों से हटने पर मजबूर कर दिया।
Forecasts of an economic recession forced many companies to pull back from their long-term investments.
Figurative use, 'majboor kar diya'.
समकालीन कला परिदृश्य में, स्थापित कलाकारों का अपने पारंपरिक कैनन से हटना अक्सर एक क्रांतिकारी कदम माना जाता है।
In the contemporary art scene, established artists moving away from their traditional canons is often considered a revolutionary step.
Abstract and figurative use in an academic context.
राजनीतिक विश्लेषकों का मानना है कि पार्टी नेतृत्व के आंतरिक कलह के कारण, कई वरिष्ठ नेताओं को हाशिए पर हटना पड़ा।
Political analysts believe that due to internal strife within the party leadership, many senior leaders were marginalized and had to step aside.
Figurative use, 'hashiye par hatna pada' (forced to the margins).
जब तक एक अकाट्य प्रमाण प्रस्तुत नहीं किया जाता, तब तक वह अपने पूर्व के दावों से हटने को कदापि तैयार नहीं होगा।
Unless irrefutable proof is presented, he will never be willing to retract his previous claims.
Formal and emphatic negation, 'kadapi taiyar nahi hoga'.
ऐतिहासिक रूप से, साम्राज्यों का पतन अक्सर आंतरिक क्षरण के कारण होता है, जिससे उन्हें अपनी क्षेत्रीय महत्वाकांक्षाओं से हटना पड़ता है।
Historically, the decline of empires is often due to internal decay, forcing them to retreat from their territorial ambitions.
Abstract and historical context, 'kshettriya mahatvakankshaon se hatna padta hai'.
दर्शनशास्त्र में, द्वैतवाद से अद्वैतवाद की ओर हटना एक महत्वपूर्ण वैचारिक परिवर्तन का प्रतिनिधित्व करता है।
In philosophy, the shift from dualism to monism represents a significant conceptual evolution.
Philosophical terminology, 'vaicharik parivartan ka pratinidhitv karta hai'.
साहित्यिक आलोचक इस बात पर बहस करते हैं कि क्या लेखक ने जानबूझकर अपने मुख्य पात्र को कथानक से हटने दिया या यह एक अनियोजित घटना थी।
Literary critics debate whether the author intentionally allowed their protagonist to deviate from the plot or if it was an unplanned occurrence.
Literary analysis, 'kathaanak se hatne diya'.
आर्थिक अनिश्चितता के माहौल में, केंद्रीय बैंकों को अक्सर अपनी मौद्रिक नीति को समायोजित करने और कुछ हद तक हटने के लिए मजबूर होना पड़ता है।
In an atmosphere of economic uncertainty, central banks are often forced to adjust their monetary policy and retreat to some extent.
Economic terminology, 'mudrik niti ko samayojit karne aur kuch had tak hatne'.
उसकी असाधारण प्रतिभा को देखते हुए, आयोजकों ने उसे प्रतियोगिता के नियमों से हटने की अनुमति देने पर विचार किया, लेकिन अंततः इनकार कर दिया।
Given his extraordinary talent, the organizers considered allowing him to bend the rules of the competition, but ultimately refused.
Figurative use, 'niyamon se hatne ki anumati dene par vichar kiya'.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— To move a little bit. Used as a polite request.
माफ़ कीजिए, क्या आप कृपया थोड़ा हटना चाहेंगे? (Excuse me, would you please move a little?)
— To get out of the way; to clear a path.
लोग रास्ते से हट रहे थे ताकि गाड़ी निकल सके। (People were moving out of the way so the car could pass.)
— To step back or retreat. Can be physical or figurative.
दुश्मन के हमले के बाद, सेना को पीछे हटना पड़ा। (After the enemy attack, the army had to retreat.)
— To go back on one's word; to retract a statement.
वह अपनी बात से कभी नहीं हटता है। (He never goes back on his word.)
— To withdraw from a group, team, or party.
उसने अपनी पार्टी से हटने का फैसला किया। (He decided to withdraw from his party.)
— To step down from a position or office.
भ्रष्टाचार के आरोपों के बाद, मंत्री को पद से हटना पड़ा। (The minister had to step down from his post after corruption allegations.)
— To move from one's spot or position.
क्या आप कृपया अपनी जगह से हटना चाहेंगे? (Would you please move from your spot?)
— To move forward or to step forward (often to make way or to advance).
जब तक कोई आगे नहीं हटेगा, हम कैसे बढ़ेंगे? (How will we proceed if no one moves forward?)
— To move away quietly, without causing a scene.
विवाद बढ़ने से पहले ही वह चुपचाप हट गया। (He quietly moved away before the dispute escalated.)
— To give up an effort; to stop trying.
हार मानने के बजाय, उसने कोशिश से हटना नहीं चाहा। (Instead of admitting defeat, he did not want to give up the effort.)
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
'हटना' means to move aside or step back, while 'चलना' means to walk, to move forward, or to function. Using 'चलना' when you mean to step aside would be incorrect.
'हटना' is about physical or figurative displacement, whereas 'बदलना' means to change. You step aside ('हटना'), you don't 'change' aside.
'जाना' means 'to go'. While it often accompanies 'हटना' in the past tense ('हट जाना' - to have moved), 'जाना' itself does not mean to move aside.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— Literally means 'the scale moving'. Figuratively, it refers to a shift in advantage or favor, or a change in the balance of power. It implies that one side is gaining or losing ground.
चुनावों में, शुरुआती रुझानों के बाद, पलड़ा एक पार्टी की ओर हटने लगा। (In the elections, after the initial trends, the scales began to shift in favor of one party.)
Figurative/Idiomatic— To withdraw one's support or involvement; to back out of a deal or commitment. This is very similar to the figurative meaning of 'हटना' but often implies withdrawing active participation or support.
जब उसे पता चला कि यह एक जोखिम भरा काम है, तो उसने अपने हाथ पीछे खींच लिए। (When he realized it was a risky task, he backed out.)
Figurative/Idiomatic— To disappear from sight; to become unseen. While not directly using 'हटना', it describes the result of someone moving aside or away.
जैसे ही पुलिस आई, चोर आँखों से ओझल हो गया। (As soon as the police arrived, the thief disappeared from sight.)
Figurative/Idiomatic— To step back from the public eye; to operate from behind the scenes. It implies withdrawing from direct public engagement.
वह अब सीधे तौर पर राजनीति में सक्रिय नहीं है, उसने पर्दे के पीछे से काम करना शुरू कर दिया है। (He is no longer directly active in politics; he has started working from behind the scenes.)
Figurative/Idiomatic— To move out of a defined scope or area of influence. It implies stepping away from a particular domain or responsibility.
इस मामले में उसका कोई दखल नहीं था, इसलिए वह दायरे से बाहर ही हटा रहा। (He had no involvement in this matter, so he remained outside the scope.)
Figurative/Idiomatic— To give up one's rights, territory, or principles. It implies a reluctant or forced withdrawal from a fundamental position.
किसी भी परिस्थिति में, वे अपनी ज़मीन से हटने को तैयार नहीं थे। (Under no circumstances were they willing to give up their ground.)
Figurative/Idiomatic— To withdraw from a commitment or plan; to back out. Similar to 'हाथ पीछे खींच लेना'.
आखिरी समय पर उसने पैर पीछे खींच लिए। (At the last moment, he backed out.)
Figurative/Idiomatic— To avoid a topic or issue, and then to move away from it. 'हटना' can follow the act of avoidance.
वह सीधे जवाब देने के बजाय, बात को टाल कर हट गया। (Instead of giving a direct answer, he avoided the topic and moved away.)
Figurative/Idiomatic— To give up out of frustration or loss of patience.
लगातार असफलताओं से वह धैर्य खोकर हट गया। (He gave up out of frustration from continuous failures.)
Figurative/Idiomatic— To move from the front; to get out of the way of someone coming forward.
जब नेता आ रहे थे, तो लोगों को सामने से हटना पड़ा। (When the leaders were arriving, people had to move from the front.)
Figurative/Idiomaticبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Both involve movement away from a position.
'हटना' is a general term for moving aside or withdrawing. 'पीछे हटना' specifically means to move backward or retreat, emphasizing the direction of movement.
वह रास्ते से हट गया। (He moved from the path - general). सेना दुश्मन से पीछे हट गई। (The army retreated from the enemy - specific backward movement).
Both can imply distancing oneself.
'हटना' is often a physical action of moving aside. 'किनारा करना' is more frequently used figuratively to mean avoiding involvement, stepping aside from a responsibility, or distancing oneself emotionally.
भीड़ से हटना आसान है। (It's easy to move from the crowd - physical). उसने विवाद से किनारा कर लिया। (He avoided the controversy - figurative).
Both relate to increasing distance.
'हटना' is the active verb of moving aside or stepping back. 'दूर होना' describes the state of being distant or the process of becoming distant, often without the specific action of stepping aside.
कृपया थोड़ा हटिए। (Please move aside - active). घर से स्कूल काफी दूर है। (The school is quite far from the house - state of distance).
Both can imply separation.
'हटना' is about moving from a specific spot or position, or withdrawing from participation. 'अलग होना' means to separate, to become distinct, often implying a more permanent or fundamental division from a group or entity.
वह अपनी सीट से हट गया। (He moved from his seat - physical). वह अपनी टीम से अलग हो गया। (He separated from his team - implies a break).
They are related forms of the same root.
'हटना' (haṭnā) is intransitive: the subject moves itself. 'हटाना' (haṭānā) is transitive: the subject causes something else to move or be removed.
मैं हट गया। (I moved aside - intransitive). मैंने मेज हटा दी। (I removed the table - transitive).
الگوهای جملهسازی
Subject + हटना (conjugated)
मैं हटता हूँ। (I move aside.)
Imperative + हटना (conjugated)
तुम हटो। (You move.)
Object/Location + से + हटना (conjugated)
वह भीड़ से हट गया। (He moved from the crowd.)
Subject + हटना + पड़ा / पड़ेगा
मुझे हटना पड़ा। (I had to move.)
Figurative Context + से + हटना (conjugated)
उसने प्रतियोगिता से हटने का फैसला किया। (He decided to withdraw from the competition.)
Subject + बात/वादा + से + न + हटना
वह अपनी बात से नहीं हटा। (He did not back down from his word.)
Condition + तो + Subject + हटना + पड़ेगा
अगर रास्ता नहीं है, तो हटना पड़ेगा। (If there is no way, one will have to move.)
Passive voice with 'मजबूर होना पड़ा'
सेना को पीछे हटने के लिए मजबूर होना पड़ा। (The army was forced to retreat.)
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
Very High
-
Using 'हटना' when 'चलना' is meant.
→
Use 'चलना' for walking or general forward movement.
'हटना' specifically means to move aside or step back. 'चलना' means to walk or move forward. For example, 'मैं चलता हूँ' means 'I am leaving/walking', not 'I am moving aside'.
-
Using informal imperative 'हटो' with elders.
→
Use the polite imperative 'हटिए'.
In Hindi, politeness is crucial. Using 'हटो' with someone older or in a formal setting can be considered rude. Always opt for 'हटिए' in such cases.
-
Omitting the preposition 'से' in figurative withdrawal.
→
Use 'से' before the entity from which one is withdrawing.
When withdrawing from a group, competition, or situation, the preposition 'से' is necessary. For example, 'वह पार्टी से हट गया' (He withdrew from the party), not 'वह पार्टी हटा'।
-
Confusing 'हटना' and 'हटाना'.
→
'हटना' is intransitive (subject moves itself); 'हटाना' is transitive (subject moves something else).
'हटना' is used when the subject moves itself (e.g., 'मैं हट गया' - I moved aside). 'हटाना' is used when the subject causes something else to move (e.g., 'उसने किताब हटाई' - He moved the book).
-
Incorrect conjugation in past tense.
→
Ensure gender and number agreement, and use auxiliary verbs appropriately.
For example, masculine singular past tense is 'हट गया', feminine singular is 'हट गई', and plural is 'हट गए'. Incorrect conjugation can lead to grammatical errors.
نکات
Mastering Imperatives
Practice using both the informal ('हटो') and polite ('हटिए') imperative forms of 'हटना'. This will help you communicate effectively in different social settings. Remember to use 'हटिए' for elders and strangers.
Synonym Nuances
While many words can mean 'to move away', 'हटना' has specific connotations. Learn the subtle differences between 'हटना', 'पीछे हटना', 'किनारा करना', and 'दूर होना' to choose the most precise word.
Retroflex 'ट'
Focus on pronouncing the retroflex 'ट' (ṭa) correctly. It's made with the tongue curled back, differentiating it from a dental 't'. This sound is crucial for accurate pronunciation of 'हटना'.
Action Association
When you hear 'हटना', visualize someone physically stepping aside or a person making a decisive move to withdraw from something. Associating the word with a clear action can aid memory.
Sentence Creation
Create your own sentences using 'हटना' in various contexts. Try to include both literal and figurative uses. This active recall process is highly effective for solidifying vocabulary.
Politeness Matters
In Hindi culture, politeness is important. When asking someone to move, use polite forms like 'कृपया हटिए' or 'थोड़ा हट जाइए' rather than abrupt commands, especially with unfamiliar people or elders.
Withdrawal and Disengagement
Recognize that 'हटना' is not just about physical space. It's also used for withdrawing from arguments, responsibilities, or even political positions. Look for prepositions like 'से' to identify these figurative uses.
Distinguishing from 'चलना'
Avoid confusing 'हटना' (move aside) with 'चलना' (walk/move forward). Remember: 'हटना' is about making space, 'चलना' is about progressing.
Transitive vs. Intransitive
Understand the difference between 'हटना' (intransitive - the subject moves itself) and 'हटाना' (transitive - the subject moves something else). This distinction is vital for correct grammar.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Imagine someone is about to bump into you. You quickly yell 'Ha!' (sound of surprise) and 'Taa!' (sound of stepping back) to make them हटना (haṭnā). The 'Ha-Taa' sounds like 'haṭnā'.
تداعی تصویری
Picture a busy street where people are constantly saying 'Excuse me, please हटना!' You see people stepping aside to let others pass.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Try to use 'हटना' in five different sentences today, covering both physical and figurative meanings. For example, ask someone to 'हटना' from your path, and then describe a situation where someone had to 'हटना' from a competition.
ریشه کلمه
The word 'हटना' (haṭnā) is of Indo-Aryan origin. It is believed to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root '*het-' or '*hed-', meaning 'to move' or 'to go'. The sound 'ह' (ha) often indicates an aspirated sound, and the retroflex 'ट' (ṭa) is common in many North Indian languages.
معنای اصلی: The core meaning has consistently been related to physical movement, specifically stepping aside or moving away from a spot.
Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit and Prakrit derivatives)بافت فرهنگی
The imperative form 'हट जा!' (haṭ jā!) can sound abrupt or rude if used with elders or strangers. Politeness is key, so 'कृपया हटिए' (kṛpayā haṭie) or 'थोड़ा हट जाइए' (thoṛā haṭ jāie) are preferred in most social interactions.
In English, equivalents like 'move aside', 'step back', 'make way', 'withdraw', or 'back down' capture the essence of 'हटना'. The choice depends on whether the context is physical movement or figurative disengagement.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Navigating crowded spaces (markets, streets, stations).
- थोड़ा हटिए।
- रास्ता दीजिए।
- आगे बढ़िए।
Asking for personal space.
- कृपया थोड़ा हटिए।
- मुझे जगह चाहिए।
- क्या आप थोड़ा दूर हो सकते हैं?
Figurative withdrawal from commitments or situations.
- प्रतियोगिता से हटना।
- बात से हटना।
- पद से हटना।
Traffic and vehicle movement.
- गाड़ी हटाइए।
- रास्ता साफ कीजिए।
- आगे बढ़ो।
Political and professional resignations.
- पद से हटना।
- इस्तीफा देना।
- निवृत्त होना।
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"Did you see how that person had to हटना when the bus came?"
"I had to हटना from my job because of the commute. Have you ever had to do that?"
"When do you think it's appropriate to हटना from a difficult situation?"
"If you were in a crowded market, what would you say to ask someone to हटना?"
"Sometimes it's better to हटना than to fight. Do you agree?"
موضوعات نگارش
Describe a time you had to <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>हटना</mark> from a physical space. What was the situation?
Think about a commitment or goal you had to <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>हटना</mark> from. Why did you make that decision?
When is it admirable to stand your ground, and when is it wise to <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>हटना</mark>?
Imagine you are a politician deciding whether to <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>हटना</mark> from a leadership role. What factors would influence your decision?
How does the concept of 'making way' or 'giving space' relate to social interactions in your culture, and how does 'हटना' fit into that?
سوالات متداول
10 سوال'हटना' means to move aside, step back, or withdraw. It is about moving away from a current position. 'आगे बढ़ना' means to move forward or to proceed. It is about advancing or continuing. They are essentially opposite actions in terms of direction of movement.
'हटो' (haṭo) is the informal imperative, used with friends, family, or children. 'हटिए' (haṭie) is the polite imperative, used with elders, strangers, or in formal situations to show respect.
Yes, 'हटना' can be used figuratively for withdrawing from a competition, a debate, a project, or a political race. In such cases, it is often used with the preposition 'से' (se), like 'प्रतियोगिता से हटना' (to withdraw from the competition).
No, 'हटना' can be used both for physical movement (moving aside) and for figurative withdrawal (stepping back from a commitment, position, or situation). The context will clarify the meaning.
The transitive form is 'हटाना' (haṭānā), which means 'to remove' or 'to cause someone/something to move aside'. For example, 'उसने कुर्सी हटाई' (He moved the chair).
You can say 'हटो मत' (haṭo mat - informal) or 'हटिए मत' (haṭie mat - polite). If you want to say 'don't move forward', you would say 'आगे मत हटो' (āge mat haṭo).
'पीछे हटना' specifically means to step back or retreat. It emphasizes moving backward, often used in military contexts or when describing a tactical withdrawal.
Yes, 'हटना' is a very common and frequently used verb in Hindi, found in everyday conversations, media, and literature.
Think of 'हटना' as creating space by moving sideways or backward, while 'चलना' is about forward motion or general movement/walking. Imagine someone blocking your path – you ask them to 'हटना', not 'चलना'.
It depends on the subject's gender and number. For example: मैं हट गया (masculine singular), मैं हट गई (feminine singular), हम हट गए (plural). Often, 'जाना' is used as an auxiliary verb to indicate completion.
خودت رو بسنج 10 سوال
/ 10 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
The Hindi verb 'हटना' (haṭnā) is a versatile term for moving aside, stepping back, or withdrawing, applicable in both literal physical contexts and figurative situations of disengagement.
- To move aside, step back, or withdraw.
- Used for physical movement and figurative disengagement.
- Common in daily conversations for creating space.
- Essential for describing actions of moving away.
Context is Key
Always pay attention to the context to understand whether 'हटना' refers to a physical movement of stepping aside or a figurative withdrawal from a situation or commitment. The surrounding words and the situation itself will provide clues.
Mastering Imperatives
Practice using both the informal ('हटो') and polite ('हटिए') imperative forms of 'हटना'. This will help you communicate effectively in different social settings. Remember to use 'हटिए' for elders and strangers.
Synonym Nuances
While many words can mean 'to move away', 'हटना' has specific connotations. Learn the subtle differences between 'हटना', 'पीछे हटना', 'किनारा करना', and 'दूर होना' to choose the most precise word.
Retroflex 'ट'
Focus on pronouncing the retroflex 'ट' (ṭa) correctly. It's made with the tongue curled back, differentiating it from a dental 't'. This sound is crucial for accurate pronunciation of 'हटना'.
محتوای مرتبط
عبارات مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر general
आभार व्यक्त करना
B1ابراز قدردانی یا تشکر به صورت رسمی. 'من میخواهم مراتب سپاسگزاری خود را ابراز کنم.'
आचरण करना
C1رفتار کردن؛ به شیوهای خاص (معمولاً اخلاقی یا رسمی) عمل کردن. 'او باید با وقار رفتار کند.'
आगे
A1Forward; ahead.
आगे बढ़ना
A2به جلو حرکت کردن یا پیشرفت کردن.
आगामी
B1آینده، پیش رو. برای رویدادهایی که در آینده نزدیک رخ میدهند استفاده میشود.
आह्वान करना
B1To call, to summon, to request someone's presence.
आज रात
A2امشب؛ شبِ امروز.
आजमाना
A2امتحان کردن یا آزمودن چیزی برای دیدن نحوه کارکرد آن یا آنچه اتفاق می افتد.
आक्रमण करना
B2آغاز عملیات نظامی علیه یک کشور یا گروه.
आखिरी
A2آخر، پایانی. 'آخرین اتوبوس' می شود 'Aakhiri bus'. 'آخرین بار' می شود 'Aakhiri baar'.
