B2 noun 12 دقیقه مطالعه
At the A1 level, 'के उस पार' (ke us pār) is introduced as a way to describe simple locations. Think of it as 'on the other side.' For a beginner, the focus is on physical objects you can see. For example, if you are standing on a street and looking at a shop on the opposite side, you say it is 'सड़क के उस पार' (across the road). At this stage, you don't need to worry about the deep philosophical meanings. Just remember the structure: [Thing] + के + उस पार. It is very useful for giving and receiving basic directions. You will mostly use it with common nouns like 'river' (नदी), 'road' (सड़क), 'bridge' (पुल), and 'wall' (दीवार). It is a vital phrase for basic navigation in a Hindi-speaking environment. You should also practice the 'ke' sound, making sure it is clear, as it connects the location to the object. Even at A1, knowing this phrase makes your Hindi sound much more natural than just pointing and saying 'there.' It shows you understand how Hindi describes space. Always remember to put the noun before the phrase. In English, we say 'across the river,' but in Hindi, it is 'river across.' This reverse order is one of the first big hurdles for A1 learners, and 'के उस पार' is a perfect phrase to practice this logic.
At the A2 level, you begin to use 'के उस पार' in more complete sentences and with a wider variety of nouns. You will learn that the noun before 'के' must be in the 'oblique case.' This means if a masculine noun ends in 'ā' (like 'kamrā' for room), it changes to 'e' ('kamre'). So, 'on the other side of the room' becomes 'कमरे के उस पार.' A2 learners use this phrase to describe their surroundings more accurately. You might describe where your house is located relative to a landmark: 'मेरा घर पार्क के उस पार है' (My house is on the other side of the park). You also start to see it used in simple stories or news snippets. At this level, you should be comfortable using it with both masculine and feminine nouns, noting that 'के' stays the same regardless. You might also encounter its cousin, 'के इस पार' (on this side of), though it is less common. Practice using it with verbs of motion like 'जाना' (to go) and 'आना' (to come). For example, 'वह पुल के उस पार गया' (He went to the other side of the bridge). This helps you move beyond just stating where things are to describing movement across boundaries, which is a key skill at the A2 level.
At the B1 level, 'के उस पार' starts to take on more metaphorical and abstract meanings. While you still use it for physical locations, you now use it to describe boundaries of time or conceptual limits. For example, you might talk about what lies 'beyond the mountains' (पहाड़ों के उस पार) in a more descriptive, storytelling way. You are expected to use the phrase fluently in conversation without pausing to think about the oblique case. B1 learners also start to recognize the phrase in Bollywood songs and poetry, where it often symbolizes a 'heavenly' or 'ideal' place. You might hear 'दुनिया के उस पार' (beyond the world) in a song and understand that it refers to a place of peace. At this level, you should also be able to distinguish 'के उस पार' from 'के दूसरी तरफ' (on the other side) and 'के पार' (across). You understand that 'के उस पार' is slightly more formal and emphasizes the 'otherness' of the far side. You can use it to give complex directions or describe the layout of a city or a landscape in detail. It becomes a tool for more expressive and nuanced communication, allowing you to describe not just where something is, but the effort or distance required to reach it.
At the B2 level, you have a firm grasp of the phrase's nuances. You use 'के उस पार' to discuss complex topics such as geopolitics or philosophy. For example, you can talk about 'सीमा के उस पार' (on the other side of the border) when discussing international relations, understanding the political weight the phrase can carry. You also use it for abstract concepts like 'limitations' or 'expectations.' A B2 speaker might say, 'सत्य हमारी कल्पना के उस पार है' (Truth is beyond our imagination). You are comfortable with the phrase in all its grammatical contexts, including plural oblique forms like 'शहरों के उस पार' (beyond the cities). You also begin to use it in writing to create atmosphere or to emphasize a point. At this level, you can also compare it with more advanced synonyms like 'के परे' (beyond) and know when to choose one over the other for stylistic reasons. Your use of the phrase is no longer just about location; it's about setting a scene or defining a boundary in a sophisticated way. You understand how the word 'उस' (that) in the phrase acts as a distal demonstrative, adding a layer of distance and specificity that 'के पार' lacks. This level of precision is what defines B2 proficiency.
At the C1 level, 'के उस पार' is used with high precision and stylistic flair. You can use it in academic or professional settings to describe theoretical boundaries. For instance, in a discussion about science, you might talk about what lies 'beyond the current reach of technology' (तकनीक की वर्तमान पहुँच के उस पार). You are also sensitive to the cultural and literary resonances of the phrase. You can appreciate and use it in creative writing to evoke specific emotions or to reference classical Hindi literature. At this level, you might use the phrase to structure an argument, discussing what lies 'on the other side' of a particular policy or decision. You understand the historical etymology of 'पार' and how it relates to the concept of 'crossing over' in Indian philosophy (like 'Samsara'). Your usage is effortless, and you can manipulate the phrase for rhetorical effect, such as using it in a series of parallel structures. You also recognize and can use idiomatic variations like 'सात समुद्र पार' in the appropriate register. For a C1 speaker, 'के उस पार' is not just a vocabulary item but a versatile conceptual tool that can be applied to almost any domain of thought, from the physical to the metaphysical, with complete grammatical and cultural accuracy.
At the C2 level, your mastery of 'के उस पार' is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. You use the phrase to navigate the most complex and subtle nuances of the Hindi language. You can use it in high-level literary criticism, philosophical discourse, or political analysis. You understand the subtle difference in tone between 'के उस पार,' 'के परे,' and 'के परली ओर' (a more regional/formal variant). You can use the phrase to express irony, sarcasm, or deep spiritual longing. In a C2 context, you might use it to describe the 'transcendental'—that which is 'अनुभव के उस पार' (beyond experience). You are also aware of how the phrase has evolved in modern Hindi and how it is used in different dialects and registers across India. You can translate complex English concepts involving 'beyond,' 'across,' and 'transcending' into the most appropriate Hindi equivalent, often choosing 'के उस पार' for its evocative power. Your ability to use this phrase in spontaneous, high-stakes communication—whether it's a televised debate or a deep philosophical conversation—demonstrates your complete integration into the Hindi linguistic and cultural world. You see the phrase as a bridge between the known and the unknown, and you use it to guide others across that linguistic divide.

The Hindi phrase के उस पार (ke us pār) is a complex postpositional construction used to denote a specific spatial or metaphorical location: 'on the other side of' or 'beyond.' To understand its usage, one must break down its components. The word के (ke) serves as the possessive marker required by most compound postpositions in Hindi. The word उस (us) is the oblique form of the demonstrative pronoun वह (vah), meaning 'that.' Finally, पार (pār) signifies a side, limit, or bank. Together, they create a precise sense of being situated across a boundary, whether that boundary is a physical river, a road, a mountain range, or a conceptual limit like life, death, or understanding. In daily conversation, it is frequently used when pointing out locations that are not immediately adjacent but require crossing a divide to reach. For instance, if you are standing on one bank of the Ganges, the temples visible on the far side are नदी के उस पार. This phrase carries a slightly more distal and specific connotation than the simpler के पार (ke pār), which merely means 'across.' By including उस (that), the speaker emphasizes the 'otherness' or the specific 'that side' being referred to.

Spatial Relation
It describes a position that is separated from the speaker or a reference point by a significant barrier or distance.
Metaphorical Beyond
It is often used in poetry and philosophy to discuss what lies beyond human perception or the physical world.

मेरा गाँव इस पहाड़ी के उस पार है। (My village is on the other side of this hill.)

The phrase is also deeply embedded in the romantic and spiritual landscape of Hindi literature. It evokes a sense of longing or mystery. When a lover says their beloved lives नदी के उस पार, it suggests a distance that must be overcome, adding a layer of effort or destiny to the journey. In a more modern, mundane context, it is the standard way to give directions. If you are looking for a shop and someone tells you it is सड़क के उस पार, they are telling you to cross the street. The nuance between 'across' and 'on the other side' is subtle in English, but in Hindi, के उस पार provides a vivid mental image of the destination being 'over there' across the divide. It is essential for learners to master the oblique case transition that happens before this phrase; any noun preceding it must take the oblique form because of the के marker. For example, कमरा (room) becomes कमरे के उस पार.

सत्य कल्पना के उस पार छिपा है। (Truth is hidden beyond imagination.)

Furthermore, the phrase is synonymous with reaching a goal. In many Indian dialects and standard Hindi, 'pār' also implies completion or success. Thus, being 'on the other side' can signify having successfully navigated a difficulty. When someone says मुसीबतों के उस पार, they are talking about the peace that comes after a period of struggle. This duality of physical location and state of being makes it a very versatile tool for any Hindi speaker. It is not just about 'where' something is, but 'how' it relates to the boundaries we face. Whether you are navigating the streets of Delhi or reading the verses of Kabir, you will encounter this phrase as a marker of what lies ahead, across the threshold of the known.

Directional Usage
Used when pointing out a destination that requires a crossing action.

खिड़की के उस पार देखो, बारिश हो रही है। (Look beyond the window, it is raining.)

वे सरहद के उस पार चले गए। (They went to the other side of the border.)

क्षितिज के उस पार एक नई दुनिया है। (There is a new world beyond the horizon.)

Using के उस पार correctly requires an understanding of Hindi's postpositional logic. Unlike English, where 'on the other side of' precedes the noun, in Hindi, the noun comes first, followed by the marker के, and then the phrase उस पार. This structure is rigid. If you want to say 'across the ocean,' you must say समुद्र के उस पार. The noun समुद्र (samudra) is the anchor. If the noun is feminine, like नदी (nadī - river), the के does not change to की because पार is considered a masculine noun in this grammatical construction. This is a common point of confusion for learners who expect gender agreement with the preceding noun. The agreement is actually with the head of the postpositional phrase, which is functionally masculine here.

Grammar Rule 1
Noun (Oblique) + के + उस पार. Example: 'पेड़ के उस पार' (Beyond the tree).
Grammar Rule 2
No gender change for 'के' regardless of the noun's gender.

क्या तुम इस दीवार के उस पार देख सकते हो? (Can you see beyond this wall?)

When constructing complex sentences, के उस पार can serve as the subject's location or the destination of a verb of motion. For example, 'The park is on the other side of the building' becomes पार्क इमारत के उस पार है. Note how the verb है (is) comes at the very end. If you are moving, such as 'I am going across the river,' you would say मैं नदी के उस पार जा रहा हूँ. Here, the phrase acts as an adverbial of place. It is also important to note that उस can sometimes be replaced by इस (is) to mean 'on this side of,' though के इस पार is less common than the simple इस तरफ. The use of उस specifically points to the far side, creating a distance between the speaker and the object.

मंदिर झील के उस पार स्थित है। (The temple is situated on the other side of the lake.)

Metaphorically, the phrase is used to describe things that are beyond reach or understanding. 'Beyond the limits of science' would be विज्ञान की सीमाओं के उस पार. Notice here that सीमाओं (limits) is in the plural oblique form. This demonstrates how the phrase interacts with plural nouns. Another interesting usage is in the context of time, although rare. Usually, के बाद is used for time, but के उस पार can be used poetically to mean 'beyond this era' or 'beyond this lifetime.' For example, जीवन के उस पार means 'beyond life' or 'the afterlife.' This spiritual depth is what makes the phrase so resonant in Hindi culture.

Plural Nouns
Mountains (पहाड़ों) + के उस पार = 'पहाड़ों के उस पार' (Beyond the mountains).

वे बादलों के उस पार उड़ रहे थे। (They were flying beyond the clouds.)

मेरी समझ के उस पार मत जाओ। (Don't go beyond my understanding/patience.)

स्टेडियम शहर के उस पार है। (The stadium is on the other side of the city.)

If you spend any time listening to Hindi film music (Bollywood), you will hear के उस पार quite frequently. It is a staple of romantic lyrics where the lover is separated from their beloved by a river or a mountain. Songs often speak of a world नदियों के उस पार (beyond the rivers) where love is free. This romanticized view of 'the other side' as a place of freedom or union is a recurring theme. In movies, you might hear a villain threatening to throw someone सरहद के उस पार (across the border), or a hero promising to meet someone मौत के उस पार (beyond death). The phrase carries an inherent drama because it implies a journey or a barrier that must be crossed.

Bollywood Context
Often used to symbolize separation or a utopian destination.
News & Media
Used when reporting on cross-border tensions or international events (e.g., 'सीमा के उस पार से गोलीबारी').

फिल्म में नायक ने कहा, "मैं तुम्हें इस दुनिया के उस पार ले जाऊँगा।" (In the movie, the hero said, "I will take you beyond this world.")

In news broadcasts, the phrase is more literal but equally common. When reporters discuss geopolitical issues, especially concerning the borders with Pakistan or China, they often use सीमा के उस पार (on the other side of the border) to refer to activities occurring in the neighboring country. It is a neutral, descriptive way to talk about foreign territory without necessarily naming the country every time. Similarly, during weather reports, you might hear about clouds moving हिमालय के उस पार (beyond the Himalayas). In these contexts, the phrase is purely functional, providing clear spatial coordinates for the audience.

समाचार के अनुसार, आतंकी सीमा के उस पार छिपे हैं। (According to the news, terrorists are hiding on the other side of the border.)

In everyday life, you will hear it most often in transit. If you are on a bus or a train in India, people will use it to describe where they are getting off or where a landmark is located. 'The station is on the other side of that bridge' is a common sentiment expressed as स्टेशन उस पुल के उस पार है. It is also used in sports, specifically in games like cricket or football, to describe where a ball has landed. If a sixer is hit out of the stadium, a commentator might say गेंद बाउंड्री के उस पार गई (The ball went beyond the boundary). The phrase is so versatile that it fits into the most mundane and the most elevated conversations with ease.

Everyday Transit
Used for giving directions involving bridges, roads, or railway tracks.

अगला स्टेशन पुल के उस पार है। (The next station is on the other side of the bridge.)

गेंद बाउंड्री के उस पार चली गई। (The ball went beyond the boundary.)

वे लोग उस दीवार के उस पार रहते हैं। (Those people live on the other side of that wall.)

One of the most frequent errors English speakers make when using के उस पार is omitting the के (ke). Because 'across' or 'beyond' are single words in English, learners often try to use उस पार as a direct preposition. Saying नदी उस पार is grammatically incorrect and sounds broken to a native speaker. The के is the glue that connects the noun to the spatial phrase. Another common mistake is failing to put the preceding noun into the oblique case. For instance, कमरा के उस पार is wrong; it must be कमरे के उस पार. The 'a' ending of masculine nouns must change to 'e' before any postposition starting with के, में, से, etc.

Mistake 1: Omitting 'के'
Incorrect: 'सड़क उस पार'. Correct: 'सड़क के उस पार'.
Mistake 2: Direct Case Noun
Incorrect: 'दरवाज़ा के उस पार'. Correct: 'दरवाज़े के उस पार'.

गलत: वह नदी उस पार गया। (Wrong: He went river that side.)

Learners also often confuse के उस पार with के पार. While they are similar, के पार is more general. If you say मैंने नदी पार की, it means 'I crossed the river.' If you say मैं नदी के उस पार हूँ, it means 'I am on the other side of the river.' The addition of उस changes the focus from the act of crossing to the state of being located on the far side. Using के उस पार when you mean to describe the action of crossing can sound slightly unnatural. Furthermore, avoid using के उस पार for temporal 'beyond' (like 'beyond 5 PM') unless you are being highly poetic. For time, use के बाद (after) or से ज़्यादा (more than).

सही: वह नदी के उस पार रहता है। (Correct: He lives on the other side of the river.)

Lastly, do not confuse पार with पर (par). पर means 'on' or 'at,' while पार means 'across/side.' A common error is saying नदी के उस पर, which makes no sense in Hindi. The vowel length is crucial here; par (short 'a') vs pār (long 'ā'). Mispronouncing this can lead to significant confusion. Also, remember that के उस पार is a fixed phrase. You cannot easily swap उस for other words like बहुत or जल्दी within this specific structure to mean 'very across' or 'quickly across.' It is a locational marker that stands as a single unit of meaning.

Pronunciation Trap
'पर' (on) vs 'पार' (across). The long 'ā' is essential for 'pār'.

गलत: मेज़ के उस पर। (Wrong: On that on of the table.)

सही: मेज़ के उस पार। (Correct: On the other side of the table.)

गलत: ५ बजे के उस पार। (Wrong: Beyond 5 o'clock - use 'के बाद' instead.)

While के उस पार is a very precise phrase, Hindi offers several alternatives depending on the context and the level of formality you wish to achieve. The most common synonym is के दूसरी तरफ (ke dūsrī taraf), which literally means 'on the other side/direction.' This is used more frequently for streets, rooms, or smaller objects where 'crossing' isn't a major event. Another alternative is के परे (ke pare), which is more formal and often used for abstract concepts like 'beyond.' For instance, कल्पना के परे means 'beyond imagination.' While के उस पार can also be used for imagination, के परे sounds more sophisticated and literary.

के दूसरी तरफ
More common for physical objects like a table or a road. Less dramatic than 'के उस पार'.
के परे (Ke Pare)
Used for abstract 'beyond' like 'beyond limits' or 'beyond words'.

दुकान सड़क के दूसरी तरफ है। (The shop is on the other side of the road.)

In some regional dialects, you might hear के ओआर (ke oār) or simply पार (pār). However, in Standard Hindi, के उस पार remains the gold standard for describing locations across a divide. If you are talking about crossing a boundary into another country, सरहद पार (sarhad pār) is a common compound word that doesn't use के. This is an exception where the two words have merged into a single concept. Similarly, सात समुद्र पार (sāt samudra pār - across seven seas) is a famous idiom that drops the के for poetic rhythm. Understanding these variations helps you recognize the phrase even when it is slightly modified for style or dialect.

यह मेरी समझ के परे है। (This is beyond my understanding.)

There is also the term के आर-पार (ke ār-pār), which means 'through' or 'from one side to the other.' For example, if a bullet goes 'through' a wall, you would use के आर-पार. This is different from के उस पार which only refers to the destination side. Confusing these two can change the meaning of your sentence from 'it is on the other side' to 'it went through.' Lastly, के आगे (ke āge) means 'ahead of.' While 'ahead' and 'beyond' can sometimes overlap in English, in Hindi, के आगे implies a sequence, while के उस पार implies a crossing. Choosing the right word depends on whether you see the boundary as something to pass by or something to go across.

के आर-पार
Meaning 'through' or 'across the whole width'.

गोली दीवार के आर-पार निकल गई। (The bullet went through the wall.)

वह मंदिर के आगे खड़ा है। (He is standing ahead of/in front of the temple.)

हम बादलों के उस पार देखेंगे। (We will see beyond the clouds.)

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

मंदिर नदी के उस पार है।

The temple is on the other side of the river.

Simple locational use with a feminine noun 'nadi'.

2

मेरा दोस्त सड़क के उस पार रहता है।

My friend lives on the other side of the road.

Standard directional use.

3

क्या तुम उस पुल के उस पार जा सकते हो?

Can you go to the other side of that bridge?

Using 'us' twice—once for the bridge and once in the phrase.

4

पार्क इस दीवार के उस पार है।

The park is on the other side of this wall.

Locating a place using a boundary.

5

किताब मेज़ के उस पार गिर गई।

The book fell on the other side of the table.

Using 'ke us pār' with a small physical object.

6

स्टेशन बस अड्डे के उस पार है।

The station is on the other side of the bus stand.

Linking two public transport locations.

7

वे लोग उस मैदान के उस पार खेल रहे हैं।

Those people are playing on the other side of that field.

A1-level plural subject.

8

क्या बाज़ार इस पहाड़ी के उस पार है?

Is the market on the other side of this hill?

Question form with 'kyā'.

1

मेरा स्कूल इस बड़े कमरे के उस पार है।

My school is on the other side of this big room.

Oblique case for 'kamrā' (kamre).

2

वह लड़का बगीचे के उस पार दौड़ रहा है।

That boy is running on the other side of the garden.

Present continuous tense.

3

हमने नदी के उस पार एक नया घर देखा।

We saw a new house on the other side of the river.

Past tense with 'dekha'.

4

क्या तुम इस रास्ते के उस पार जा सकते हो?

Can you go to the other side of this path?

Oblique case for 'rāstā' (rāste).

5

दुकानें सिनेमा हॉल के उस पार हैं।

The shops are on the other side of the cinema hall.

Plural feminine noun 'dukānein'.

6

बच्चे पुल के उस पार गेंद फेंक रहे थे।

The children were throwing the ball to the other side of the bridge.

Past continuous tense.

7

मेरी साइकिल उस पेड़ के उस पार खड़ी है।

My bicycle is parked on the other side of that tree.

Feminine noun 'cycle'.

8

क्या आप झील के उस पार तैर सकते हैं?

Can you swim to the other side of the lake?

Polite 'aap' form with 'sakte'.

1

सच्चाई अक्सर हमारी सोच के उस पार होती है।

Truth is often beyond our thinking.

Metaphorical use for abstract thought.

2

वे लोग सरहद के उस पार से यहाँ आए हैं।

Those people have come here from the other side of the border.

Using 'se' (from) after 'ke us pār'.

3

पहाड़ों के उस पार एक बहुत सुंदर घाटी है।

There is a very beautiful valley beyond the mountains.

Plural oblique 'pahāṛon'.

4

वह अपनी सीमाओं के उस पार जाने की कोशिश कर रहा है।

He is trying to go beyond his limits.

Reflexive pronoun 'apnī'.

5

शायद खुशी इन दुखों के उस पार ही मिलेगी।

Perhaps happiness will be found only beyond these sorrows.

Spiritual/metaphorical B1 use.

6

क्या तुमने कभी बादलों के उस पार देखा है?

Have you ever looked beyond the clouds?

Perfect tense question.

7

जंगल के उस पार एक पुराना किला है।

There is an old fort on the other side of the forest.

Combining physical description with mystery.

8

वे इस विवाद के उस पार कोई समाधान ढूँढ रहे हैं।

They are looking for a solution beyond this dispute.

Using 'ke us pār' for conflict resolution.

1

विज्ञान की पहुँच ब्रह्मांड की सीमाओं के उस पार जा रही है।

The reach of science is going beyond the boundaries of the universe.

Academic context.

2

उसकी सफलता उसकी कड़ी मेहनत के उस पार एक चमत्कार है।

His success is a miracle beyond his hard work.

Nuanced metaphorical use.

3

क्या शांति वास्तव में इस युद्ध के उस पार संभव है?

Is peace truly possible beyond this war?

Political/philosophical inquiry.

4

अंतिम लक्ष्य तक पहुँचने के लिए हमें इस डर के उस पार जाना होगा।

To reach the final goal, we must go beyond this fear.

Motivational context.

5

कल्पना के उस पार की दुनिया बहुत अलग हो सकती है।

The world beyond imagination could be very different.

Speculative usage.

6

वे लोग अब जीवन और मृत्यु के उस पार की बातें कर रहे हैं।

Those people are now talking about things beyond life and death.

Spiritual/metaphysical B2 level.

7

यह तकनीक हमारी वर्तमान समझ के उस पार की चीज़ है।

This technology is something beyond our current understanding.

Describing advanced concepts.

8

क्षितिज के उस पार सूरज डूब रहा है।

The sun is setting beyond the horizon.

Poetic but standard B2 description.

1

कवि ने सांसारिक बंधनों के उस पार एक नई चेतना का वर्णन किया है।

The poet has described a new consciousness beyond worldly bonds.

Literary analysis register.

2

सत्य की खोज हमें तर्क के उस पार ले जाती है।

The search for truth takes us beyond logic.

Philosophical C1 usage.

3

इस नीति के प्रभाव वर्तमान आर्थिक मंदी के उस पार भी देखे जा सकते हैं।

The effects of this policy can be seen even beyond the current economic recession.

Economic/Formal register.

4

वह अपने समय की सोच के बहुत उस पार की बातें करता था।

He used to talk about things far beyond the thinking of his time.

Describing visionary ideas.

5

मानवीय गरिमा के उस पार किसी भी समझौते को स्वीकार नहीं किया जाएगा।

No compromise beyond human dignity will be accepted.

Legal/Ethical context.

6

भाषा की सीमाओं के उस पार मौन का अपना एक अर्थ होता है।

Beyond the limits of language, silence has its own meaning.

Sophisticated abstract thought.

7

क्या हम कभी इन ब्रह्मांडीय रहस्यों के उस पार देख पाएंगे?

Will we ever be able to see beyond these cosmic mysteries?

Scientific/Existential inquiry.

8

उसकी प्रतिभा किसी भी पुरस्कार या सम्मान के उस पार है।

His talent is beyond any award or honor.

High praise in a formal context.

1

अद्वैत वेदांत के अनुसार, आत्मा माया के उस पार स्थित है।

According to Advaita Vedanta, the soul is situated beyond Maya (illusion).

Theological C2 register.

2

यह रचना कलात्मक मानदंडों के उस पार जाकर एक नया प्रतिमान स्थापित करती ह

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