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A2 verb #6,500 پرکاربردترین 10 دقیقه مطالعه

कुतरना

kutarna رتبه 6,500

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها कुतरना در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح कुतरना in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'Kutarna' means 'to nibble'. It is usually used with animals like rats (chuha) or rabbits (khargosh). For example: 'Chuha roti kutarta hai' (The rat nibbles the bread). Think of it as a special kind of 'eating' that small animals do. You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet, just remember the animal-action connection. It's a fun word because it sounds like the sound a mouse makes. If you see a small bite on a fruit, you can say 'Kutara' (nibbled).

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In A2, you start using 'Kutarna' in more everyday sentences. You might describe a child nibbling on a snack or a mouse damaging things in the house. You should learn the past tense: 'Chuhe ne kapda kutara' (The rat nibbled the cloth). Notice how 'ne' is used. This is also a good time to distinguish 'Kutarna' from 'Kaatna' (to cut/bite). Use 'Kutarna' for small, repetitive bites. You might also hear it in simple stories or fables where animals are the main characters. It helps describe the scene more vividly than just saying 'eating'.

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'Kutarna' in various tenses and with different objects. You can use it to talk about problems, like 'The internet isn't working because a rat nibbled the wire' (Chuhe ne taar kutar diya, isliye internet nahi chal raha). You also start learning the noun form 'Kutran' (scraps). You might use it in a tailor shop or when talking about crafts. Understanding the transitive nature of the verb is important here—the verb ending must match the object in gender and number in the past tense.

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By B2, you can use 'Kutarna' in metaphorical contexts. For example, 'pankh kutarna' means to limit someone's freedom or power. You can also use it to describe persistent, small annoyances that 'nibble' away at something. You should be able to use the causative form 'Kutarwana' (to have something nibbled or shredded). You might encounter this word in news reports about pests or in literature where it describes the slow erosion of time or feelings. Your vocabulary should now include the nuances between 'Kutarna' and 'Chabana' (chewing).

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At the C1 level, 'Kutarna' becomes a tool for descriptive and creative writing. You can use it to describe the texture of a scene—how the wind 'nibbles' at the edges of a flag or how doubt 'nibbles' at a person's confidence. You should understand its etymological roots and how it relates to other verbs of cutting and crushing. You can participate in discussions about environmental issues (like termites 'nibbling' structures) or literary analysis where the word might represent a character's slow downfall. You are expected to use it with perfect grammatical accuracy, including complex passive structures.

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At the C2 level, you have a masterly grasp of 'Kutarna'. You can use it in highly specialized contexts, such as technical tailoring or precise carpentry descriptions. You understand the subtle cultural connotations, such as the religious and folkloric significance of the rat's nibbling in Indian tradition. You can use the word in high-level satire or irony, perhaps comparing a politician's slow policy changes to a rat nibbling a net. You are aware of regional dialect variations and can identify when 'Kutarna' is being used colloquially versus formally.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

कुतरना در ۳۰ ثانیه

Kutarna means to nibble or gnaw, typically associated with rodents like rats and mice.
It is a transitive verb that focuses on the small, repetitive action of biting with front teeth.
Metaphorically, it can mean to slowly diminish or clip someone's power or influence.
Commonly used for damage to clothes, wires, and food by pests in a household.

The Hindi verb कुतरना (Kutarna) is a highly specific and evocative term that translates most accurately to 'to nibble' or 'to gnaw.' While the English word 'bite' (काटना - Kaatna) covers a broad range of actions, Kutarna specifically describes the action of using the front teeth to bite off tiny bits of something repeatedly and persistently. This word is deeply associated with the behavior of rodents like rats, mice, and squirrels, but its usage extends into human behavior and metaphorical contexts. When you hear this word, imagine the quick, repetitive 'tick-tick-tick' sound of a mouse working through a cardboard box or a piece of cloth. It implies a process of gradual destruction or consumption rather than a single, forceful bite.

Physical Action: The mechanical process involves the incisors cutting small fragments. It is distinct from 'chabana' (to chew), which involves the molars and grinding food.
Common Subjects: Rats (चूहे), Squirrels (गिलहरी), Rabbits (खरगोश), and sometimes children or people with nervous habits.

In a household context, Kutarna is often a word of annoyance. You might discover that a mouse has 'nibbled' through the insulation of an electrical wire or ruined a silk sari in the cupboard. It suggests a hidden, quiet, yet destructive activity. However, it can also be used affectionately, such as describing a small child nibbling on a biscuit. The word captures the texture of the action—small, precise, and rhythmic.

चूहे ने मेरी नई कमीज़ को कुतर दिया। (The rat nibbled my new shirt.)

Beyond the literal, the word finds its way into idioms and metaphors. For instance, when someone is described as 'clipping the wings' (pankh kutarna) of an ambitious person, it uses this verb to signify the gradual removal of power or freedom. It is a word that suggests a loss of integrity in an object, piece by piece. Whether it is a squirrel with a nut or a tailor trimming the edges of a fabric with small snips, the essence remains the same: small, repetitive cuts.

खरगोश गाजर को बड़े मज़े से कुतर रहा है। (The rabbit is nibbling the carrot with great enjoyment.)

Metaphorical Use: To gradually diminish someone's influence or resources, often in a sneaky or persistent manner.

Culturally, the rat is the vehicle of Lord Ganesha, and while respected, its habit of Kutarna is a legendary nuisance in Indian granaries and homes. Tales from the Panchatantra often feature mice who 'nibble' through nets to free their friends, showing that this small action can have significant positive outcomes in folklore. Thus, the word carries a weight of both destruction and liberation depending on the story being told.

समय धीरे-धीरे हमारी यादों को कुतर देता है। (Time slowly nibbles away at our memories.)

Using कुतरना (Kutarna) correctly requires understanding its transitive nature. Since it is a transitive verb (सकर्मक क्रिया), the focus is often on the object being nibbled. In the past tense, when using the 'ne' (ने) construction, the verb will agree with the object in gender and number. For example, if a rat nibbles a feminine object like 'roti' (bread), you would say 'chuhe ne roti kutari.' If it's a masculine object like 'kapda' (cloth), it becomes 'chuhe ne kapda kutara.'

Present Continuous: Subject + Object + कुतर रहा/रही है। (The squirrel is nibbling the fruit - गिलहरी फल कुतर रही है।)
Past Tense (with 'ne'): Subject + ने + Object + कुतरा/कुतरी/कुतरे। (The mouse nibbled the wires - चूहे ने तार कुतर दिए।)

One of the most common mistakes is confusing Kutarna with Kaatna. While both involve teeth, Kaatna is a single cut or a bite (like a dog bite or cutting with scissors), whereas Kutarna is the repetitive act of taking tiny bits. You would never say a dog 'nibbled' (kutara) a stranger; a dog 'bit' (kaata) them. Conversely, you wouldn't say a mouse 'bit' (kaata) your homework unless it was a single, clean cut; usually, it 'nibbled' (kutara) it into pieces.

बच्चा अपनी पेंसिल कुतरता रहता है। (The child keeps nibbling his pencil.)

In formal Hindi, you might encounter the causative form 'कुतरवाना' (Kutarwana), which means to cause something to be nibbled or shredded. In a professional or industrial setting, this might refer to shredding documents. However, in daily life, the simple form is much more frequent. Another interesting aspect is the use of the word in poetry or descriptive prose to describe the erosion of a cliff by water or the 'nibbling' of the moon's shape during its phases, though these are more creative applications.

दीमक लकड़ी को अंदर से कुतर रही है। (Termites are nibbling the wood from inside.)

When describing someone who talks too much or cuts into others' speech, some dialects use 'baatein kutarna' (nibbling words), though this is colloquial. The most standard usage remains physical. If you are describing a tailor making small notches in fabric to help it curve, Kutarna is the perfect technical term. It signifies precision and smallness of action.

सावधान! वह चूहा तुम्हारी किताबें कुतर देगा। (Watch out! That rat will nibble your books.)

You will most commonly hear कुतरना (Kutarna) in domestic settings in India. Because mice (चूहे) are a common part of the urban and rural landscape, the discovery of 'nibbled' items is a frequent topic of conversation. A mother might scold her child, saying, 'Don't nibble your nails!' (अपने नाखून मत कुतरो!). While 'chabana' (to chew) is also used for nails, Kutarna emphasizes the biting off of small pieces. You'll also hear it in markets where sellers might complain about rodents damaging their grain sacks.

News & Reports: Local news might report: 'चूहों ने अस्पताल के तारों को कुतर दिया' (Rats nibbled the hospital wires), causing a power outage.
Children's Literature: Very common in animal fables like the Lion and the Mouse, where the mouse nibbles the hunter's net.

In a tailor's shop (दरज़ी की दुकान), you might hear the master tailor telling an apprentice to 'thoda sa kutar do' (nibble/snip a little bit) to refer to making small cuts in the seam allowance. This usage is more about scissors than teeth but retains the meaning of small, repeated cuts. Similarly, in carpentry, removing small slivers of wood can be described this way in some regions.

दादी ने कहा, "देखो, चूहे ने नेट की जाली कुतर दी है।" (Grandmother said, "Look, the mouse has nibbled the net mesh.")

In Bollywood movies or Hindi dramas, the word is sometimes used figuratively. A character might say their conscience is 'nibbling' at them, or that poverty is 'nibbling' away at their dignity. These are poignant uses that show how a small, persistent action can lead to total ruin. In rural India, during the harvest season, the word is ubiquitous as farmers discuss the damage caused by pests to the crops.

गिलहरी ने मेरे बाग के सारे टमाटर कुतर डाले। (The squirrel nibbled all the tomatoes in my garden.)

Finally, you will hear this in the context of fashion and design. 'Kutarna' can refer to the fringing of fabric or the intentional distressing of clothes, which has become a trend. If a pair of jeans looks like it has been chewed at the edges, a Hindi speaker might jokingly ask if a rat 'kutara' them. It's a versatile word that bridges the gap between natural animal behavior and human artistic or destructive actions.

चिड़िया कागज़ के टुकड़ों को कुतर कर घोंसला बना रही है। (The bird is nibbling bits of paper to make a nest.)

The most frequent mistake learners make with कुतरना (Kutarna) is over-generalizing it for any kind of biting. English speakers often use 'bite' for everything, but Hindi is more granular. If you say a dog 'kutara' a person, it sounds like the dog was gently nibbling them like a snack, which sounds ridiculous and grammatically odd in a serious context. For a dog bite, always use 'Kaatna' (काटना).

Kutarna vs. Chabana: 'Chabana' is to chew with molars (like gum or food). 'Kutarna' is to nibble with front teeth. Don't say you are 'nibbling' your dinner if you are eating it normally.
Kutarna vs. Todna: 'Todna' is to break. If a rat breaks a vase, it's 'todna'. If it eats the edges of a book, it's 'kutarna'.

Another mistake involves the gender agreement in the past tense. Since Kutarna is transitive, the verb ending changes based on the object, not the subject. If a male rat (masculine) nibbles a wire (masculine), it's 'taar kutara.' If a female rat (feminine) nibbles a wire, it's still 'taar kutara.' The gender of the rat doesn't matter; the wire does. If the object is plural, like 'wires' (taar - often used as plural or 'taaren' in some dialects), the verb becomes 'kutare.'

गलत: चूहे ने रोटी को काटा। (Wrong if it was nibbled.)
सही: चूहे ने रोटी को कुतरा। (Correct: The rat nibbled the bread.)

Learners also struggle with the passive voice. 'The cloth was nibbled by the rat' becomes 'Kapda chuhe dwara kutara gaya.' Many students accidentally use 'Kutarna' as an intransitive verb, saying 'Kapda kutar gaya' (The cloth nibbled), which is incorrect because the cloth can't perform the action. You must use the passive or the active form.

सावधानी: 'कुतरना' का प्रयोग केवल उन चीज़ों के लिए करें जो छोटे टुकड़ों में काटी जा सकें। (Caution: Use 'Kutarna' only for things that can be cut into small pieces.)

Lastly, avoid using Kutarna when you mean 'to slice' (cheerna/kaatna). If you are slicing a mango with a knife, it is not Kutarna. If you are a squirrel nibbling that same mango, then it is Kutarna. The distinction is in the tool (teeth vs. knife) and the intent (nibbling vs. slicing).

गलत: मैंने चाकू से सेब को कुतरा। (Wrong: I nibbled the apple with a knife.)
सही: मैंने चाकू से सेब को काटा। (Correct: I cut the apple with a knife.)

To truly master कुतरना (Kutarna), you should know its neighbors in the Hindi vocabulary. The most common alternative is काटना (Kaatna), which is the general word for 'to cut' or 'to bite.' While Kutarna is a subset of Kaatna, Kaatna is much more versatile. You can 'kaatna' a cake, 'kaatna' a phone call, or 'kaatna' a ticket. Kutarna is strictly for the physical act of nibbling.

चबाना (Chabana): Meaning: To chew. Usage: 'Khana chabakar khao' (Chew your food and eat). This involves grinding, whereas Kutarna is about small bites.
चखना (Chakhna): Meaning: To taste. Usage: If you only take a tiny bit to check the flavor, you 'chakhna' it, you don't necessarily 'kutarna' it.

Another related word is कुतरन (Kutran), which is the noun form. It refers to the 'scraps' or 'shreds' left behind after something has been nibbled or cut. Tailors often have a pile of 'kutran' (fabric scraps) on their floor. This noun is very useful for describing the aftermath of a rodent's visit: 'Look at all this kutran!'

तुलना:
1. काटना: बड़े टुकड़े करना।
2. कुतरना: छोटे-छोटे हिस्से करना।
3. चबाना: मुँह में पीसना।

In some poetic contexts, छीलना (Cheelna) might be an alternative. It means 'to peel' or 'to scrape.' If a rodent is nibbling the bark off a tree, you might use either word, but Cheelna focuses on the surface being removed, while Kutarna focuses on the biting action itself. There is also टुकड़े-टुकड़े करना (Tukde-tukde karna), which means 'to break into pieces,' a more general term for destruction.

दर्जी के पास कपड़ों की बहुत सारी कुतरन बची थी। (The tailor had a lot of fabric scraps left.)

Understanding these nuances helps you sound more like a native speaker. A native speaker would never say 'The rat chewed my shirt' (chuhe ne meri kameez chabayi) because that implies the rat was trying to eat and digest the whole thing like a meal. Using 'kutarna' correctly shows you understand the specific habits of the animal and the resulting damage.

समय के साथ पत्थर भी कुतर जाते हैं। (With time, even stones get eroded/nibbled away.)

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The word 'Kutarna' is phonetically similar to 'Katarna' (to snip with scissors). In many Indian languages, the 'K-T-R' root consistently relates to small, precise cutting actions.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /kʊ.t̪əɾ.nɑː/

US /kʊ.t̪ər.nɑː/

The stress is slightly on the first syllable 'Ku'.

هم‌قافیه با

उतरना (utarna - to descend) गुज़रना (guzarna - to pass) सुधरना (sudharna - to improve) बिखेरना (bikherna - to scatter) कतरना (katarna - to snip) निखरना (nikharna - to glow) संवरना (sanvarna - to groom) उभरना (ubharna - to emerge)

خطاهای رایج

Using a retroflex 'T' (like in 'table') instead of a dental 't'.
Aspirating the 'K' like 'khutarna'.
Pronouncing the 'u' too long like 'koo-tarna'.
Making the 'r' too heavy or rolled.
Forgetting the nasalization if it occurs in regional variations (though not standard).

سطح دشواری

خواندن 2/5

Easy to recognize in context.

نوشتن 3/5

Need to remember the 'ne' rule in past tense.

صحبت کردن 2/5

Simple pronunciation.

گوش دادن 2/5

Distinct sound, easy to hear.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

काटना (Kaatna) खाना (Khana) चूहा (Chuha) दाँत (Daant)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

कतरना (Katarna) चबाना (Chabana) निगलना (Nigalna)

پیشرفته

क्षरण (Ksharan - erosion) कुतरन (Kutran - scraps)

گرامر لازم

Transitive Verb in Past Tense

In 'चूहे ने रोटी कुतरी', 'कुतरी' agrees with 'रोti' (feminine).

Compound Verbs with 'Dena'

'कुतर देना' emphasizes the completion and often the negative result of the action.

Causative Verbs

'कुतरवाना' is the causative form of 'कुतरना'.

Conjunctive Participle

Using 'कुतर कर' to link two actions: 'वह कुतर कर भाग गया' (He nibbled and ran).

Habitual Aspect

'वह नाखून कुतरता है' indicates a regular habit.

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

चूहा रोटी कुतरता है।

The rat nibbles the bread.

Simple present tense with masculine subject.

खरगोश गाजर कुतर रहा है।

The rabbit is nibbling a carrot.

Present continuous tense.

क्या चूहा कागज़ कुतरता है?

Does the rat nibble paper?

Interrogative sentence.

गिलहरी फल कुतरती है।

The squirrel nibbles the fruit.

Feminine subject agreement.

वह बच्चा बिस्किट कुतर रहा है।

That child is nibbling a biscuit.

Use of 'voh' as a demonstrative adjective.

चूहे ने फल कुतरा।

The rat nibbled the fruit.

Simple past tense.

मत कुतरो!

Don't nibble!

Imperative negative.

बिल्ली चूहे को कुतरते हुए देख रही है।

The cat is watching the rat nibbling.

Participle phrase 'kutarte hue'.

चूहे ने मेरी नई कमीज़ कुतर दी।

The rat nibbled my new shirt.

Past tense with 'ne' and compound verb 'di'.

अपने नाखून मत कुतरो, यह बुरी आदत है।

Don't nibble your nails, it's a bad habit.

Negative imperative.

खरगोश ने सारी घास कुतर डाली।

The rabbit nibbled up all the grass.

Compound verb 'kutar daali'.

चूहे किताबों को कुतर देते हैं।

Rats nibble (and ruin) books.

Habitual aspect with compound verb.

क्या उसने तुम्हारी पेंसिल कुतरी?

Did he/she nibble your pencil?

Past tense question.

गिलहरी ने अखरोट को थोड़ा सा कुतरा।

The squirrel nibbled the walnut a little bit.

Adverbial use of 'thoda sa'.

बंदर ने फल को कुतर कर फेंक दिया।

The monkey nibbled the fruit and threw it away.

Conjunctive participle 'kutar kar'.

मेरे मोज़े चूहों ने कुतर लिए हैं।

My socks have been nibbled by rats.

Present perfect with compound verb.

अगर तुम तार कुतरोगे, तो करंट लग सकता है।

If you nibble the wire, you might get a shock.

Conditional sentence.

चूहे ने जाल को कुतर कर शेर को आज़ाद कर दिया।

The mouse nibbled the net and set the lion free.

Narrative past tense.

इस कपड़े को चूहे ने जगह-जगह से कुतर दिया है।

The rat has nibbled this cloth in several places.

Reduplication 'jagah-jagah'.

बच्चे अक्सर तनाव में पेंसिल कुतरने लगते हैं।

Children often start nibbling pencils when under stress.

Inceptive compound verb 'kutane lagte hain'.

दीवार के पीछे कुछ कुतरने की आवाज़ आ रही है।

There is a sound of something nibbling behind the wall.

Gerund 'kutane' used as a noun.

क्या तुमने कभी गिलहरी को बादाम कुतरते देखा है?

Have you ever seen a squirrel nibbling an almond?

Perfect tense question with present participle.

दर्जी ने कपड़े के किनारों को थोड़ा कुतर दिया ताकि वे मुड़ सकें।

The tailor snipped the edges of the cloth so they could fold.

Purpose clause with 'taaki'.

यह मेज़ पुरानी है, इसे दीमक कुतर रही है।

This table is old; termites are nibbling it.

Present continuous describing slow damage.

बड़े भाई ने छोटे भाई के पंख कुतर दिए ताकि वह ज़्यादा उड़ न सके।

The elder brother clipped the younger brother's wings so he couldn't fly too high.

Idiomatic usage.

महँगाई धीरे-धीरे आम आदमी की बचत को कुतर रही है।

Inflation is slowly nibbling away at the common man's savings.

Metaphorical usage in economics.

उसने अपनी बातों से मेरी साख को कुतरने की कोशिश की।

He tried to nibble away at my reputation with his words.

Abstract usage of 'kutarna'.

जैसे ही बिल्ली आई, चूहा रोटी कुतरना छोड़ कर भाग गया।

As soon as the cat arrived, the rat stopped nibbling the bread and ran away.

Correlative 'jaise hi... vaise hi' (implied).

मशीन ने कागज़ों को इतनी बुरी तरह कुतरा कि कुछ पढ़ा नहीं जा सकता।

The machine shredded the papers so badly that nothing can be read.

Result clause 'itni... ki'.

वह अपनी घबराहट छिपाने के लिए अपने होंठ कुतर रही थी।

She was nibbling her lips to hide her nervousness.

Past continuous with purpose.

अगर हमने ध्यान नहीं दिया, तो भ्रष्टाचार देश को अंदर से कुतर देगा।

If we don't pay attention, corruption will nibble the country from the inside.

Future conditional.

पुराने दस्तावेज़ों को चूहों ने पूरी तरह कुतर डाला था।

The rats had completely nibbled up the old documents.

Past perfect with intensive verb.

समय की मार ने उस पुरानी हवेली की नक्काशी को कुतर दिया है।

The ravages of time have nibbled away the carvings of that old mansion.

Literary metaphorical usage.

लेखक ने समाज की बुराइयों को अपनी कलम से कुतर-कुतर कर दिखाया है।

The author has exposed the evils of society by nibbling at them with his pen.

Reduplicated verb used adverbially.

उसकी आँखों में एक ऐसी चमक थी जैसे कोई विचार उसके मस्तिष्क को कुतर रहा हो।

There was a glint in his eyes as if some thought was nibbling at his brain.

Subjunctive 'ho' with 'jaise'.

नदी का पानी धीरे-धीरे किनारों को कुतरता हुआ रास्ता बदल लेता है।

The river water, slowly nibbling at the banks, changes its course.

Participial phrase 'kutarta hua'.

राजनीतिक प्रतिद्वंद्वियों ने एक-दूसरे के प्रभाव को कुतरने में कोई कसर नहीं छोड़ी।

Political rivals left no stone unturned in nibbling away at each other's influence.

Complex phrasal construction.

इस पेंटिंग के किनारों को चूहों ने कुतरा है, जो इसके इतिहास की गवाही देता है।

The edges of this painting have been nibbled by rats, which bears witness to its history.

Relative clause 'jo'.

क्या आपको नहीं लगता कि यह छोटी-छोटी गलतियाँ हमारे आत्मविश्वास को कुतर रही हैं?

Don't you think these small mistakes are nibbling away at our self-confidence?

Rhetorical question.

वह अपनी संपत्ति को जुए में कुतरवा रहा है।

He is getting his wealth nibbled away (lost bit by bit) in gambling.

Causative verb usage.

अस्तित्ववाद की यह विचारधारा पारंपरिक मूल्यों को कुतरने का कार्य करती है।

This ideology of existentialism acts to nibble away at traditional values.

Academic register.

जिस प्रकार दीमक लकड़ी को कुतरती है, उसी प्रकार ईर्ष्या मनुष्य के हृदय को नष्ट कर देती है।

Just as termites nibble wood, so does jealousy destroy the human heart.

Simile with 'jis prakar... usi prakar'.

उसकी व्यंग्यात्मक टिप्पणियाँ सभा की गंभीरता को कुतर रही थीं।

His satirical remarks were nibbling away at the solemnity of the meeting.

Abstract metaphorical usage.

इतिहास के पन्नों को समय के चूहों ने बड़ी बेरहमी से कुतरा है।

The rats of time have mercilessly nibbled the pages of history.

High literary metaphor.

क्या यह संभव है कि सूक्ष्मजीव इस प्लास्टिक को कुतर कर समाप्त कर दें?

Is it possible for microbes to nibble away and eliminate this plastic?

Scientific hypothesis context.

उसने अपनी वसीयत में उन रिश्तेदारों के अधिकारों को कुतर दिया जिन्होंने उसका साथ नहीं दिया।

In his will, he nibbled away (reduced) the rights of those relatives who did not support him.

Legal/Financial metaphor.

कलाकार ने पत्थर को कुतर-कुतर कर यह बारीक मूर्ति बनाई है।

The artist created this fine sculpture by nibbling (chipping away) at the stone.

Creative process description.

पूँजीवाद की यह प्रवृत्ति स्थानीय उद्योगों को कुतरने की क्षमता रखती है।

This tendency of capitalism has the capacity to nibble away at local industries.

Socio-economic analysis.

ترکیب‌های رایج

चूहे ने कुतरा

नाखून कुतरना

पेंसिल कुतरना

कपड़े कुतरना

तार कुतरना

पंख कुतरना

रोटी कुतरना

गाजर कुतरना

कागज़ कुतरना

अंदर से कुतरना

عبارات رایج

कुतर-कुतर कर

— Doing something by nibbling repeatedly.

उसने कुतर-कुतर कर पूरी गाजर खा ली।

चूहों द्वारा कुतरा गया

— Something that has been nibbled by rats.

यह कपड़ा चूहों द्वारा कुतरा गया है।

कुतरने की आवाज़

— The sound of nibbling.

रात में कुतरने की आवाज़ आई।

नाखून कुतरने वाला

— Someone who has a habit of biting nails.

वह एक नाखून कुतरने वाला लड़का है।

कुतरी हुई रोटी

— A piece of bread that has been nibbled.

थाली में कुतरी हुई रोटी पड़ी थी।

सब कुछ कुतर डालना

— To nibble and destroy everything.

चूहों ने गोदाम में सब कुछ कुतर डाला।

पेंसिल के पीछे का हिस्सा कुतरना

— To nibble the back of a pencil.

उसकी पेंसिल के पीछे का हिस्सा कुतरा हुआ था।

किनारों को कुतरना

— To nibble the edges.

चूहे ने किताब के किनारों को कुतर दिया।

धीरे-धीरे कुतरना

— To nibble slowly.

समय यादों को धीरे-धीरे कुतरता है।

ज़िंदगी को कुतरना

— To slowly waste or destroy life.

चिंता उसकी ज़िंदगी को कुतर रही है।

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

कुतरना vs कतरना (Katarna)

Means to snip or clip with scissors. Often confused because they sound almost identical.

कुतरना vs काटना (Kaatna)

The general word for cut/bite. Kutarna is a more specific type of biting.

कुतरना vs चबाना (Chabana)

Means to chew. Kutarna is nibbling with front teeth, Chabana is grinding with back teeth.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"पंख कुतरना"

— To restrict someone's freedom or power.

शादी के बाद उसने अपनी पत्नी के पंख कुतर दिए।

Metaphorical

"कान कुतरना"

— To be very clever or outsmart someone (often used for children).

यह बच्चा तो बड़ों-बड़ों के कान कुतरता है।

Colloquial

"जड़ें कुतरना"

— To weaken the foundation of something slowly.

भ्रष्टाचार देश की जड़ें कुतर रहा है।

Political/Formal

"पेट कुतरना"

— To feel extreme hunger (rare, regional).

भूख के मारे मेरा पेट कुतर रहा है।

Regional

"किताबें कुतरना"

— To read a lot but in a fragmented way (slang).

वह बस परीक्षा के लिए किताबें कुतरता है।

Slang

"साख कुतरना"

— To slowly destroy someone's reputation.

उसने मेरी साख कुतरने की पूरी कोशिश की।

Formal

"वक्त कुतरना"

— To kill time or waste time in small bits.

वह सारा दिन बस वक्त कुतरता रहता है।

Poetic

"जेब कुतरना"

— To pickpocket or slowly drain someone's money.

शहर की महँगाई तुम्हारी जेब कुतर लेगी।

Colloquial

"दिल कुतरना"

— To feel a nagging pain or worry.

यह बात मेरा दिल कुतर रही है।

Poetic

"नींद कुतरना"

— To disturb or shorten one's sleep.

चिंताओं ने मेरी नींद कुतर दी है।

Literary

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

कुतरना vs कतरना

Phonetic similarity.

Katarna is with scissors/tools; Kutarna is with teeth.

दर्जी ने कपड़ा कतरा, पर चूहे ने उसे कुतरा।

कुतरना vs उतरना

Rhyming.

Utarna means to descend or come down.

वह सीढ़ियों से उतरा।

कुतरना vs सुधरना

Rhyming.

Sudharna means to improve or get better.

उसकी आदत अब सुधर गई है।

कुतरना vs गुज़रना

Rhyming.

Guzarna means to pass by or pass away.

समय गुज़र रहा है।

कुतरना vs बिखेरना

Associated action.

Bikherna means to scatter. A rat might nibble and then scatter the pieces.

चूहे ने अनाज बिखेर दिया।

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

Level A1

[Animal] [Food] कुतरता है।

चूहा पनीर कुतरता है।

Level A2

[Subject] ने [Object] कुतर दिया।

उसने अपनी पेंसिल कुतर दी।

Level B1

[Object] [Subject] द्वारा कुतरा गया।

जाल चूहे द्वारा कुतरा गया।

Level B2

[Subject] [Object] कुतरने लगा/लगी।

बच्चा नाखून कुतरने लगा।

Level C1

जैसे-जैसे समय बीता, [Subject] [Object] को कुतरने लगा।

जैसे-जैसे समय बीता, जंग लोहे को कुतरने लगा।

Level C2

[Abstract Concept] [Object] को कुतर रहा है।

संदेह उसके विश्वास को कुतर रहा है।

Level B1

[Subject] [Object] कुतर-कुतर कर खा रहा है।

खरगोश घास कुतर-कुतर कर खा रहा है।

Level A2

[Subject] [Object] मत कुतरो।

तुम अपने होंठ मत कुतरो।

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

कुतरन (Kutran - scraps/shreds)

कुतरनी (Kutarni - small nippers/scissors)

فعل‌ها

कुतरवाना (Kutarwana - to cause to nibble/shred)

صفت‌ها

कुतरा हुआ (Kutara hua - nibbled)

कुतरने वाला (Kutarne wala - one who nibbles)

مرتبط

काटना (Kaatna)

कतरना (Katarna)

चबाना (Chabana)

टुकड़ा (Tukda)

चूहा (Chuha)

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Common in household and narrative contexts.

اشتباهات رایج

Using 'Kutarna' for a snake bite. → Saanp ne kaata (The snake bit).
Kutarna is for nibbling, not for a single venomous strike.
Saying 'Kutara' for chewing gum. → Chingam chabana.
Chewing gum involves molars and grinding, which is 'Chabana'.
Wrong gender: 'Chuhe ne taar kutari'. → Chuhe ne taar kutara.
'Taar' (wire) is masculine, so the verb must be 'kutara'.
Confusing with 'Katarna'. → Chuhe ne kapda kutara (nibbled); Darzi ne kapda katara (snipped).
One is with teeth, the other with scissors.
Using as intransitive: 'Roti kutar gayi'. → Roti kutari gayi (Passive) or Chuhe ne roti kutari.
The bread cannot nibble itself; it needs a subject.

نکات

Past Tense Agreement

Always match the verb ending to the object in 'ne' sentences. 'Chuhe ne rassi (fem) kutari'.

Animal Associations

Associate this word with rats, squirrels, and rabbits to remember it easily.

Idiom Alert

Use 'Pankh Kutarna' when talking about someone being held back from their potential.

Dental T

Practice saying 'ta' with your tongue touching your teeth, not the roof of your mouth.

The Lion and Mouse

Recall the famous story to remember the verb's meaning of saving someone by nibbling.

Descriptive Scraps

Use the noun 'Kutran' to describe a messy scene left by a rodent.

Context Clues

If you see 'Chuha' and a damaged object, the verb is almost certainly 'Kutarna'.

Sound Patterns

The rhythmic 'Kutar-kutar' often mimics the actual sound of nibbling.

Cutter Teeth

Think of front teeth as tiny 'cutters' or 'Kutars'.

Household Damage

This is the most common real-world context you will encounter in India.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Imagine a 'Kutar' (cutter) that is very small and makes a 'Ku-Ku' sound—that's a mouse nibbling. 'Kutar-na'.

تداعی تصویری

Picture a mouse with huge front teeth working on a corner of a book. The small pieces falling off are the 'Kutran'.

شبکه واژگان

Mouse Teeth Nibble Holes Clothes Wires Rabbit Squirrel

چالش

Try to find three things in your house that could be 'Kutara' and write a sentence for each using the past tense.

ریشه کلمه

Derived from the Sanskrit root 'कृन्त्' (kṛnt) meaning 'to cut' or 'to divide'. It evolved through Prakrit before reaching Modern Hindi.

معنای اصلی: The original sense was broadly to cut into pieces, which specialized over time into the action of nibbling with teeth.

Indo-Aryan family.

بافت فرهنگی

No specific sensitivities, but be careful not to use it for humans in a way that implies they are like rodents unless you are being intentionally rude or funny.

The word 'nibble' is often used for eating small amounts of food pleasantly, but 'Kutarna' in Hindi is more frequently associated with damage or animal behavior.

The story of the Lion and the Mouse (Sher aur Chuha) where the mouse nibbles the net. Kabir's poetry sometimes uses metaphors of animals nibbling at life.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Pest Problems

चूहे ने तार कुतर दिया
कपड़े कुतर दिए
अनाज कुतरना
दीमक का कुतरना

Child Behavior

नाखून कुतरना
पेंसिल कुतरना
होंठ कुतरना
खिलौने कुतरना

Tailoring

कपड़ा कुतरना
किनारे कुतरना
कुतरन साफ करना
थोड़ा कुतर दो

Nature/Animals

गिलहरी का अखरोट कुतरना
खरगोश का गाजर कुतरना
चिड़िया का कागज़ कुतरना
हड्डी कुतरना

Metaphorical/Abstract

पंख कुतरना
कान कुतरना
साख कुतरना
वक्त कुतरना

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"क्या तुम्हारे घर में कभी चूहों ने कुछ कुतरा है?"

"तुम्हें क्या लगता है, नाखून कुतरना एक बुरी आदत क्यों है?"

"अगर गिलहरी तुम्हारे बाग के फल कुतर दे, तो तुम क्या करोगे?"

"क्या तुमने कभी 'पंख कुतरना' मुहावरे का इस्तेमाल किया है?"

"चूहे और शेर की कहानी में, चूहे ने क्या कुतरा था?"

موضوعات نگارش

आज मैंने देखा कि एक गिलहरी कैसे धीरे-धीरे फल को कुतर रही थी। उसके बारे में लिखें।

बचपन की कोई ऐसी घटना लिखें जब आपने अपनी पेंसिल या नाखून कुतरे हों।

लिखें कि कैसे समय हमारी यादों को धीरे-धीरे कुतरता रहता है।

अगर आप एक चूहे होते, तो आप सबसे पहले क्या कुतरना पसंद करते और क्यों?

एक ऐसी कहानी लिखें जहाँ एक छोटा सा 'कुतरना' किसी बड़ी मुसीबत को हल कर देता है।

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Usually, 'Chabana' (chewing) or 'Kaatna' (biting) is better for a dog. 'Kutarna' implies small nibbles, which a dog might do to a small treat, but not to a large bone.

Not always. In fables, a mouse nibbling a net to save a lion is positive. However, in a house, it usually refers to damage.

The vowel sound. 'Kutarna' (with 'u') is nibbling with teeth. 'Katarna' (with 'a') is snipping with scissors.

Yes, for habits like biting nails or pencils, or nibbling on a small snack like a biscuit.

You would say 'Roti kutari hui hai' or 'Roti ko kutara gaya hai'.

Yes, especially metaphorically in literature or when reporting pest damage in news.

It is an idiom meaning 'to clip someone's wings' or to limit their freedom and progress.

The noun 'Kutran' refers to the scraps or the act of having been nibbled.

Yes, it's very common to describe termites or wood-borers destroying wood.

No, it is a standard Hindi verb, though it has some colloquial idiomatic uses.

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