At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'chattan' means a big rock or a boulder. It is a thing you see in nature. You should learn that it is feminine, so you say 'badi chattan' (big rock). At this stage, use it in simple sentences like 'The rock is there' or 'I see a rock'. You don't need to worry about complex metaphors yet. Just focus on identifying it as a physical object found in mountains or near water. Remember the basic plural 'chattanein'.
At the A2 level, you should start using 'chattan' with simple verbs of movement and position. For example, 'sitting on a rock' (chattan par baithna) or 'climbing a rock' (chattan par chadhna). You should also be aware of basic adjectives that describe it, such as 'mazboot' (strong), 'purani' (old), or 'khurdari' (rough). Start noticing how the verb changes because the word is feminine: 'chattan giri' (the rock fell). This is a good time to practice the difference between 'patthar' (stone) and 'chattan' (rock).
At the B1 level, you can use 'chattan' in more descriptive and narrative contexts. You should be comfortable with the oblique plural form 'chattanon' when using postpositions (e.g., 'chattanon ke peeche' - behind the rocks). You can also start using the word metaphorically to describe a person's character or a difficult situation. For instance, 'He is like a rock' (vah chattan ki tarah hai). You should understand its use in weather or travel contexts, such as describing a landslide or a rocky path during a trek.
At the B2 level, you should be able to use 'chattan' in technical or semi-formal discussions. This includes talking about geography, environment, or construction. You should understand nuanced idioms like 'chattan ki tarah adig' (unmoved like a rock). You can describe textures and geological features in more detail. Your grammar should be flawless when using the word in complex sentences involving multiple clauses. You might also encounter it in news reports where it symbolizes stability in a political or economic sense.
At the C1 level, you should appreciate the poetic and literary depth of 'chattan'. You will find it in classical Hindi literature and high-level journalism. You should be able to discuss the symbolic meaning of 'chattan' as a barrier or a foundation. You should know related Sanskritized terms like 'shila' or 'shail' and when to use them instead of 'chattan' for stylistic effect. You can use the word to write sophisticated descriptions of landscapes or to create powerful metaphors in your own writing.
At the C2 level, you have a masterly grasp of 'chattan'. You understand its etymological roots and its placement within the wider family of Indo-Aryan languages. You can use it in specialized fields like geology, archaeology, or philosophy. You can interpret complex puns or subtle literary references involving 'chattan'. Whether you are reading a dense scientific paper on tectonic plates or a deep philosophical poem about the 'rock of ages', you understand the full semantic range and cultural weight the word carries.

चट्टान در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • A large natural rock or boulder.
  • Feminine noun in Hindi (badi chattan).
  • Symbolizes strength, stability, and obstacles.
  • Common in geography and literary metaphors.

The Hindi word चट्टान (chaṭṭān) refers to a rock, specifically a large, solid mass of stone that is part of the earth's surface. Unlike a small pebble or a stone you can throw with your hand, a chattan implies scale and permanence. It is a feminine noun in Hindi, which is a crucial detail for learners to remember as it affects the adjectives and verbs used with it. In a literal sense, you will encounter this word when discussing geography, hiking, or natural landscapes. For instance, the majestic cliffs of the Himalayas or the rugged boulders in the Deccan Plateau are all described as chattan. The word evokes a sense of immovability and strength.

Literal Meaning
A massive stone formation, a cliff, or a boulder. It represents the geological foundation of a terrain.
Metaphorical Meaning
In Hindi literature and daily speech, it symbolizes a person of unwavering resolve or a formidable obstacle that is hard to overcome.

यह चट्टान बहुत ऊँची है। (This rock is very high.)

When people use this word, they are often emphasizing the difficulty of a path or the grandeur of nature. If you are trekking in North India, your guide might point to a chattan to indicate a landmark. In poetry, a hero might stand like a chattan against an invading army, signifying that he cannot be moved or broken. It is a word that carries weight, both physically and symbolically. Understanding the difference between patthar (stone) and chattan (rock/cliff) is essential; while all chattan are made of patthar, not every patthar is large enough to be called a chattan. The scale is the defining factor here.

Culturally, the word is deeply embedded in the Indian psyche through idioms and songs. It represents the ruggedness of the Indian landscape, from the Aravalli range to the Western Ghats. In modern Hindi, it is also used in political discourse to describe a 'rock-solid' alliance or a 'rock-like' leader. The phonetic structure, with the double 't' sound (gemination), gives the word a percussive, solid feel that matches its meaning. When you say 'chattan', the tongue hits the roof of the mouth sharply, echoing the hardness of the object it describes.

Using चट्टान correctly requires attention to its gender and number. As a feminine noun, its plural form is चट्टानें (chaṭṭāneṃ). When followed by a postposition like 'par' (on) or 'se' (from), the plural changes to चट्टानों (chaṭṭānoṃ). For example, 'on the rocks' becomes 'chattanon par'. This grammatical behavior is standard for feminine nouns ending in a consonant. In sentences, it often acts as the subject or the location of an action.

Subjective Use
चट्टान टूट गई (The rock broke). Note the feminine verb ending 'gayi'.
Locative Use
समुद्र के किनारे एक बड़ी चट्टान है (There is a big rock by the seashore).

नदी चट्टानों के बीच से बहती है। (The river flows through the rocks.)

In descriptive writing, you can use adjectives like 'mazboot' (strong), 'bhari' (heavy), or 'nukili' (sharp) to qualify chattan. Because it is feminine, these adjectives must match: 'mazboot chattan', 'bhari chattan', 'nukili chattan'. If you are describing a mountain climber, you might say, 'Vah chattan par chadh raha hai' (He is climbing the rock). If you are talking about a ship hitting a reef, you would use 'chattan se takrana' (to collide with a rock). The word is versatile enough for both technical geological descriptions and emotional metaphors about resilience.

You will hear चट्टान in various contexts, ranging from the mundane to the highly formal. In schools, geography teachers use it to explain types of rocks (igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic). In news reports, you might hear it during coverage of natural disasters like landslides ('chattan khisakna') or in maritime news. However, its most frequent 'emotional' appearance is in Bollywood movies and Hindi songs. Here, it is used to describe the hero's chest ('chattan jaisi chhati') or his resolve, suggesting he is as tough as a mountain.

News & Media
Used to describe terrain in border conflicts or during infrastructure projects like tunnel building.
Literature & Poetry
A symbol of eternity, obstacles, or the steadfast nature of the beloved or the patriot.

वह अपनी मुश्किलों के सामने चट्टान की तरह खड़ा रहा। (He stood like a rock before his difficulties.)

In common conversation, if someone is being stubborn, you might say they are 'chattan ki tarah adig' (unmoving like a rock). If you are traveling through the Ghats of Maharashtra or the hilly regions of Rajasthan, locals will use this word to warn you about the terrain. It is also a common term in military training, where soldiers are taught to use chattanein for cover. The word is not just a noun; it is a descriptor of character and a physical reality of the Indian subcontinent's diverse topography.

The most frequent mistake English speakers make when learning चट्टान is assigning it the wrong gender. In English, 'rock' is neuter, but in Hindi, objects have gender. Because chattan ends in a consonant and sounds somewhat 'hard', beginners often assume it is masculine. They might say 'bada chattan' instead of the correct 'badi chattan'. This mistake ripples through the sentence, leading to incorrect verb conjugations like 'chattan gir gaya' instead of 'chattan gir gayi'.

Gender Mismatch
Incorrect: यह चट्टान बहुत मजबूत है। (Correct, but watch the verb). Incorrect: वह एक पुराने चट्टान पर बैठा है। (Should be 'purani chattan').
Confusing with 'Patthar'
Using 'chattan' for a small stone that you can pick up. A stone in your shoe is a 'patthar', not a 'chattan'.

Another common error is in the plural form. Learners often forget the nasalization in chattanein (चट्टानें). Without the 'n' sound at the end, it sounds like a singular noun to a native ear. Additionally, using the direct plural when a postposition is present is a classic B1-level mistake. You must say 'chattanon par' (on the rocks), not 'chattanein par'. Finally, avoid using chattan when you actually mean 'pahar' (mountain). A mountain is a collection of rocks and earth; a chattan is the specific rocky part of it.

Hindi has several words for 'rock' or 'stone', each with a specific nuance. Understanding these helps in choosing the right word for the context. पत्थर (patthar) is the most common and general term for stone. It can be small or large. शिला (shila) is a more formal or Sanskritized word, often used for a stone slab, a monument, or a sacred rock. पहाड़ (pahāṛ) means mountain, which is much larger than a single rock. रोड़ा (roṛā) refers to small fragments of rock or rubble, often used in the context of obstacles ('raah ka rora').

चट्टान vs पत्थर
Chattan is a massive, often immovable formation. Patthar is a general term for any piece of stone.
चट्टान vs शिला
Shila implies a flat or carved stone, often with religious or artistic significance. Chattan is raw and natural.

रास्ते में एक बड़ी चट्टान थी, जबकि जमीन पर छोटे पत्थर थे। (There was a big rock in the way, while there were small stones on the ground.)

In technical terms, you might encounter शैल (shail), which is used in geology (e.g., 'shail vigyan' for petrology). However, for everyday conversation and literature, chattan remains the most evocative word for describing something massive, hard, and unyielding. Choosing chattan over patthar immediately elevates your description, suggesting a scale that is impressive or daunting.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The word 'chattan' is often used in Bollywood to describe the hero's strength, most famously in the context of the 'Himalayan' resolve.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /tʃʌˈtɑːn/
US /tʃəˈtɑn/
The stress is on the second syllable 'tān'.
هم‌قافیه با
मकान (makan - house) दुकान (dukan - shop) सामान (saman - luggage) इंसान (insan - human) पहचान (pahchan - identity) आसमान (asman - sky) मैदान (maidan - field) जवान (jawan - young)
خطاهای رایج
  • Pronouncing 'tt' as a soft dental 't' (like in 'thin'). It should be a hard retroflex 'tt'.
  • Missing the nasalization in the plural 'chattanein'.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 2/5

Easy to read, common word in stories.

نوشتن 3/5

Need to remember the double 'tt' and feminine gender.

صحبت کردن 3/5

Retroflex 'tt' can be tricky for beginners.

گوش دادن 2/5

Distinct sound, easy to identify in speech.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

पत्थर बड़ा ऊँचा पहाड़ पर

بعداً یاد بگیرید

पर्वत घाटी मिट्टी रेत कठोर

پیشرفته

शिलालेख भूविज्ञान अडिग दृढ़ता पाषाण

گرامر لازم

Feminine nouns ending in consonants take 'en' (nasalized) in plural.

चट्टान -> चट्टानें

Oblique plural for feminine nouns ends in 'on'.

चट्टानों पर

Adjectives must match the feminine gender.

बड़ी चट्टान, पुरानी चट्टान

Verbs in the past tense must match the feminine gender.

चट्टान गिरी

Postpositions require the oblique case.

उस चट्टान के पास

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

यह एक बड़ी चट्टान है।

This is a big rock.

'Badi' is the feminine form of 'bada' (big).

2

चट्टान कहाँ है?

Where is the rock?

Simple interrogative sentence.

3

वह चट्टान पर बैठा है।

He is sitting on the rock.

'Par' is the postposition for 'on'.

4

चट्टान काली है।

The rock is black.

'Kaali' matches the feminine 'chattan'.

5

देखो, एक चट्टान!

Look, a rock!

Imperative 'dekho'.

6

चट्टान बहुत भारी है।

The rock is very heavy.

'Bhari' means heavy.

7

यहाँ बहुत चट्टानें हैं।

There are many rocks here.

Plural form 'chattanein'.

8

चट्टान के पास जाओ।

Go near the rock.

'Ke paas' means near.

1

हम चट्टान पर चढ़ रहे हैं।

We are climbing the rock.

Present continuous tense.

2

चट्टान से पानी गिर रहा है।

Water is falling from the rock.

'Se' means from.

3

यह चट्टान बहुत पुरानी है।

This rock is very old.

'Purani' is feminine for 'old'.

4

उसने चट्टान के पीछे छिपने की कोशिश की।

He tried to hide behind the rock.

'Ke peeche' means behind.

5

चट्टान के नीचे क्या है?

What is under the rock?

'Ke neeche' means under.

6

नदी में बड़ी चट्टानें हैं।

There are big rocks in the river.

'Mein' means in.

7

चट्टान का रंग भूरा है।

The color of the rock is brown.

'Ka' relates the rock to the color.

8

क्या तुम इस चट्टान को हिला सकते हो?

Can you move this rock?

'Sakte ho' is the modal 'can'.

1

रास्ता चट्टानों से भरा हुआ है।

The path is full of rocks.

'Bhara hua' means full of.

2

वह चट्टान की तरह मज़बूत है।

He is as strong as a rock.

Simile using 'ki tarah'.

3

समुद्र की लहरें चट्टान से टकरा रही थीं।

The sea waves were crashing against the rock.

'Takrana' means to collide/crash.

4

हमने चट्टानों के बीच एक गुफा देखी।

We saw a cave between the rocks.

'Ke beech' means between.

5

तेज़ बारिश से चट्टान खिसक गई।

The rock slipped due to heavy rain.

'Khisakna' means to slip/slide.

6

इस इलाके में बहुत सारी नुकीली चट्टानें हैं।

There are many sharp rocks in this area.

'Nukili' means sharp.

7

चट्टानों पर चढ़ना खतरनाक हो सकता है।

Climbing on rocks can be dangerous.

Gerund use of 'chadhna'.

8

सूरज की रोशनी में चट्टान चमक रही थी।

The rock was shining in the sunlight.

'Chamakna' means to shine.

1

जहाज एक छिपी हुई चट्टान से टकराकर डूब गया।

The ship sank after hitting a hidden rock.

'Takrakar' means having collided.

2

पर्वतारोही ने चट्टान की दरार में अपना हाथ डाला।

The climber put his hand in a crack in the rock.

'Darar' means crack.

3

यह चट्टान लाखों साल पुरानी है।

This rock is millions of years old.

'Lakhon' means hundreds of thousands/millions.

4

उसका इरादा चट्टान की तरह अटल है।

His intention is as firm as a rock.

'Atal' means firm/immovable.

5

भूवैज्ञानिक चट्टानों की परतों का अध्ययन कर रहे हैं।

Geologists are studying the layers of the rocks.

'Bhuvaigyanik' means geologists.

6

ऊँची चट्टानों से गिरता झरना बहुत सुंदर था।

The waterfall falling from high rocks was very beautiful.

Participle 'girta'.

7

चट्टानों की बनावट से पता चलता है कि यहाँ कभी पानी था।

The structure of the rocks shows that there was once water here.

'Banavat' means structure/composition.

8

उसने चट्टान काटकर अपना रास्ता बनाया।

He made his way by cutting through the rock.

'Katkar' means by cutting.

1

साहित्य में, चट्टान अक्सर अडिग धैर्य का प्रतीक होती है।

In literature, a rock is often a symbol of unwavering patience.

'Prateek' means symbol.

2

चट्टानों के कटाव ने इस घाटी को एक अद्भुत आकार दिया है।

The erosion of the rocks has given this valley an amazing shape.

'Katav' means erosion.

3

राजनीतिक अस्थिरता के बीच, वे पार्टी के लिए चट्टान की तरह रहे।

Amidst political instability, they remained like a rock for the party.

'Asthirta' means instability.

4

हिमालय की विशाल चट्टानें भारत की प्रहरी मानी जाती हैं।

The massive rocks of the Himalayas are considered the sentinels of India.

'Prahari' means sentinel/guard.

5

इस प्राचीन मंदिर की मूर्तियाँ एक ही चट्टान से तराशी गई हैं।

The idols of this ancient temple are carved from a single rock.

'Tarashi gayi' means carved.

6

दार्शनिक ने सत्य की तुलना एक अटूट चट्टान से की।

The philosopher compared truth to an unbreakable rock.

'Tulna' means comparison.

7

चट्टानों के बीच उगने वाले पौधे जीवन की जीजीविषा को दर्शाते हैं।

Plants growing between rocks reflect the will to live.

'Jijivisha' means will to live.

8

समुद्र के किनारे की चट्टानें समय की मार झेलती रहती हैं।

The rocks at the seashore keep enduring the brunt of time.

'Maar jhelna' is an idiom meaning to endure hardship.

1

भूगर्भीय हलचलों ने इन चट्टानों को ऊर्ध्वाधर स्थिति में ला खड़ा किया है।

Geological movements have brought these rocks into a vertical position.

'Urdhvadhara' means vertical.

2

उनका व्यक्तित्व किसी अभेद्य चट्टान के समान था जिसे कोई हिला न सका।

His personality was like an impenetrable rock that no one could shake.

'Abhedya' means impenetrable.

3

तटीय चट्टानों का निरंतर क्षरण पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र को प्रभावित कर रहा है।

The continuous erosion of coastal rocks is affecting the ecosystem.

'Ksharan' means erosion/decay.

4

लेखक ने नायक के संघर्ष को एक विशाल चट्टान को ऊपर धकेलने जैसा बताया।

The author described the hero's struggle as pushing a giant rock uphill.

Reference to the Myth of Sisyphus.

5

अग्नेय चट्टानों का रासायनिक विश्लेषण उनके ज्वालामुखी मूल की पुष्टि करता है।

Chemical analysis of igneous rocks confirms their volcanic origin.

'Agneya' means igneous.

6

पर्वतों की मूक चट्टानें इतिहास के अनगिनत रहस्यों को अपने भीतर संजोए हुए हैं।

The silent rocks of the mountains hold within them countless secrets of history.

'Sanjoye hue' means cherished/held within.

7

संस्कृति की जड़ें समाज की वैचारिक चट्टान पर टिकी होती हैं।

The roots of culture rest on the ideological rock of society.

'Vaicharik' means ideological.

8

चट्टानों के अंतर्निहित खनिजों का दोहन आर्थिक विकास के लिए आवश्यक है।

The exploitation of minerals inherent in rocks is necessary for economic development.

'Dohan' means exploitation/tapping.

ترکیب‌های رایج

बड़ी चट्टान
चट्टान की तरह
नुकीली चट्टान
चट्टान खिसकना
चट्टान पर चढ़ना
समुद्री चट्टान
चट्टान तोड़ना
पुरानी चट्टान
मज़बूत चट्टान
चट्टान के नीचे

عبارات رایج

चट्टान की तरह अड़ना

— To be as stubborn or firm as a rock.

वह अपनी बात पर चट्टान की तरह अड़ा रहा।

चट्टान से टकराना

— To collide with a rock or face a huge obstacle.

जहाज चट्टान से टकरा गया।

राह का रोड़ा

— An obstacle in the path (though using 'rora', it is conceptually related).

वह मेरी प्रगति में राह का रोड़ा है।

चट्टानी रास्ता

— A rocky path.

चट्टानी रास्ते पर चलना मुश्किल है।

सीने की चट्टान

— Metaphor for a strong, broad chest.

उसका सीना चट्टान जैसा चौड़ा है।

चट्टान का टुकड़ा

— A piece of rock.

उसने चट्टान का एक टुकड़ा उठाया।

चट्टानों की घाटी

— A valley of rocks.

यह चट्टानों की घाटी बहुत सुंदर है।

चट्टान का ढलान

— The slope of a rock.

चट्टान का ढलान बहुत सीधा है।

पहाड़ की चट्टान

— A rock of the mountain.

पहाड़ की चट्टानें बहुत ऊँची हैं।

चट्टान की ओट

— Under the cover of a rock.

वे चट्टान की ओट में छिप गए।

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

चट्टान vs पत्थर

Patthar is general; Chattan is specifically large/massive.

चट्टान vs पहाड़

Pahar is a whole mountain; Chattan is just the rock mass.

चट्टान vs शिला

Shila is often a flat slab or a sacred stone.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"चट्टान की तरह खड़ा होना"

— To stand firm against all odds.

संकट के समय वह चट्टान की तरह खड़ा रहा।

Common
"चट्टान से सिर टकराना"

— To try something impossible or futile.

उससे बहस करना चट्टान से सिर टकराने जैसा है।

Informal
"चट्टान जैसा कलेजा"

— To have a heart of stone or great courage.

उसका कलेजा चट्टान जैसा है, वह रोता नहीं।

Literary
"चट्टान को हिलाना"

— To achieve the impossible.

उसकी मेहनत ने चट्टान को भी हिला दिया।

Metaphorical
"चट्टान के पीछे छिपना"

— To seek protection or hide.

वह अपनी गलतियों को चट्टान के पीछे नहीं छिपा सकता।

Metaphorical
"चट्टानी इरादा"

— Iron will or rock-solid determination.

उसका चट्टानी इरादा उसे जीत दिलाएगा।

Formal
"चट्टानों का सीना चीरना"

— To work extremely hard to make a way.

दशरथ मांझी ने चट्टानों का सीना चीरकर रास्ता बनाया।

Literary
"चट्टान का बोझ"

— A heavy burden of responsibility.

जिम्मेदारी का बोझ चट्टान जैसा भारी है।

Metaphorical
"चट्टान की दरार"

— A small weakness in something strong.

दुश्मन ने चट्टान की दरार ढूंढ ली।

Metaphorical
"चट्टान सा अडिग"

— Immovable as a rock.

सत्य के मार्ग पर वह चट्टान सा अडिग है।

Poetic

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

चट्टान vs पहाड़

Both are large and made of stone.

A mountain (pahar) is a landform; a rock (chattan) is the material/formation.

पहाड़ पर एक बड़ी चट्टान है।

चट्टान vs पत्थर

Both mean stone.

Patthar can be tiny; Chattan is always big.

उसने पत्थर फेंका, लेकिन चट्टान नहीं हिली।

चट्टान vs मिट्टी

Both are earth materials.

Mitti is soft soil; Chattan is hard rock.

यहाँ मिट्टी नहीं, सिर्फ चट्टानें हैं।

चट्टान vs दीवार

Both can be barriers.

Deevar is man-made; Chattan is natural.

यह दीवार चट्टान जैसी मज़बूत है।

चट्टान vs टापू

Both can be in the sea.

Tapu is an island; Chattan can be a reef or a single rock.

टापू के पास एक खतरनाक चट्टान है।

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

A1

यह [Adjective] चट्टान है।

यह बड़ी चट्टान है।

A2

वह चट्टान पर [Verb] है।

वह चट्टान पर बैठा है।

B1

चट्टान [Adjective] और [Adjective] है।

चट्टान काली और भारी है।

B2

चट्टान [Postposition] [Noun] है।

चट्टान के नीचे गुफा है।

C1

[Noun] चट्टान की तरह [Adjective] है।

उसका विश्वास चट्टान की तरह मज़बूत है।

C2

चट्टानों का [Noun] [Verb] है।

चट्टानों का कटाव जारी है।

B1

[Verb] के लिए चट्टान [Verb]।

रास्ता बनाने के लिए चट्टान तोड़ो।

A2

चट्टान [Direction] है।

चट्टान वहाँ है।

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

चट्टान (rock)
चट्टानें (rocks)
चट्टानों (rocks - oblique)

فعل‌ها

चट्टान सा होना (to be like a rock)

صفت‌ها

चट्टानी (rocky)

مرتبط

पत्थर (stone)
पहाड़ (mountain)
शिला (slab)
खनिज (mineral)
मिट्टी (soil)

نحوه استفاده

frequency

High in nature and metaphorical contexts.

اشتباهات رایج
  • Bada chattan Badi chattan

    'Chattan' is feminine, so the adjective must be 'badi'.

  • Chattan gir gaya Chattan gir gayi

    The verb must match the feminine gender of the noun.

  • Chattanein par Chattanon par

    Use the oblique plural 'chattanon' with postpositions like 'par'.

  • Using 'chattan' for a throwing stone. Using 'patthar'.

    'Chattan' is for large masses; 'patthar' is for smaller stones.

  • Missing the nasal 'n' in 'chattanein'. Chattanein (nasalized)

    The plural of consonant-ending feminine nouns is nasalized.

نکات

Gender Check

Always pair 'chattan' with feminine adjectives like 'badi', 'purani', and 'mazboot'.

Scale Matters

Use 'chattan' only when the stone is too big to be moved easily by a person.

Metaphors

Use 'chattan ki tarah' when you want to praise someone's steadfastness.

Retroflex 'T'

Practice the 'tt' sound; it's the key to sounding like a native speaker.

Pluralization

Don't forget the dot (bindu) in 'chattanein' to indicate the nasal sound.

Geography

In geography, 'chattan' is the standard word for rock types.

Listen for Verbs

If you hear 'gayi' or 'thi' after a noun ending in 'an', it's a clue it's feminine like 'chattan'.

Similes

Combine 'chattan' with 'irada' (intention) to say 'chattani irada' (iron will).

Visual Aid

Picture the Rock of Gibraltar to remember the scale of 'chattan'.

Avoid Confusion

Don't use 'chattan' for a brick (eent) or a pebble (kankar).

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of a 'Chat' (conversation) that is so 'Tan' (hard/strong) it becomes a 'Chattan' (rock).

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a massive boulder blocking a path in the Himalayas with the word 'CHATTAN' written in bold on it.

شبکه واژگان

Mountain Hard Stone Climb Heavy Steady Nature Barrier

چالش

Try to use 'chattan' in a sentence describing your best friend's character today.

ریشه کلمه

Derived from the Hindi/Prakrit roots, possibly influenced by the idea of a flat or hard surface ('chat' or 'chatt'). It is an indigenous Indo-Aryan word.

معنای اصلی: A large, flat or upright stone mass.

Indo-Aryan

بافت فرهنگی

No specific sensitivities, but be mindful of using it for people (it can mean stubborn as well as strong).

English speakers use 'rock' similarly for strength, but 'chattan' implies a larger scale than just a stone.

Dashrath Manjhi (The Mountain Man) Himalayan peaks Rock-cut temples of Ellora

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Hiking/Trekking

  • चट्टान पर चढ़ना
  • सावधान, चट्टान गीली है
  • चट्टान का रास्ता

Geography Class

  • चट्टानों के प्रकार
  • चट्टान का क्षरण
  • परतदार चट्टान

Motivation

  • चट्टान की तरह मज़बूत बनो
  • मुश्किलें चट्टान जैसी हैं
  • अडिग चट्टान

Construction

  • चट्टान तोड़ना
  • चट्टान का टुकड़ा
  • मज़बूत आधार

Maritime

  • समुद्री चट्टान
  • जहाज और चट्टान
  • छिपी हुई चट्टान

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"क्या आपने कभी चट्टान पर चढ़ाई की है?"

"आपके देश में सबसे प्रसिद्ध चट्टान कौन सी है?"

"क्या आपको लगता है कि इंसान का स्वभाव चट्टान जैसा होना चाहिए?"

موضوعات نگارش

आज मैंने एक बड़ी चट्टान देखी जो...

अगर मैं एक चट्टान होता, तो मैं क्या देखता?

एक समय जब मैं किसी मुश्किल के सामने चट्टान की तरह खड़ा रहा।

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

It is feminine. You should say 'badi chattan' or 'chattan giri'.

The direct plural is 'chattanein' and the oblique plural is 'chattanon'.

No, for a small stone, use 'patthar' or 'kankar'.

It is called 'chattan-arohan' (चट्टान-आरोहण) or simply 'chattan par chadhna'.

'Shila' is more formal and usually refers to a slab or a stone used in building/art, while 'chattan' is a natural mass.

It means 'unmoved/firm like a rock', used to describe a person's resolve.

It is a retroflex sound. Curl your tongue back and hit the roof of your mouth sharply.

Yes, especially when describing landscapes or using metaphors for strength.

A 'pahar' is a mountain (large landform), while a 'chattan' is a rock (the solid mass).

Yes, in a maritime context, 'chattan' or 'samudri chattan' can refer to a reef.

خودت رو بسنج 180 سوال

writing

Write a sentence using 'chattan' and 'mazboot'.

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'The rock is very big.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Describe a rock using three Hindi adjectives.

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Write a sentence about climbing a rock.

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Use 'chattanon' in a sentence with 'ke beech'.

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'The ship hit a rock.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Explain the metaphor 'chattan ki tarah'.

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Write a short story (3 sentences) about a mountain.

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Describe the color of a rock in Hindi.

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'There are many rocks in the river.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Say 'Big Rock' in Hindi.

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Pronounce 'Chattan' correctly.

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Say 'I am climbing the rock' in Hindi.

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Describe a rock as 'heavy' in Hindi.

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Use 'chattan' in a simile for strength.

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Say 'The rock fell' in Hindi.

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Ask 'Where is the rock?' in Hindi.

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Say 'Beautiful rocks' in Hindi.

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Say 'Under the rock' in Hindi.

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Say 'Sharp rocks' in Hindi.

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening

Listen and identify: 'Badi Chattan'.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening

Listen and identify: 'Chattan giri'.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening

Listen and identify: 'Chattanon par'.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening

Listen and identify: 'Mazboot chattan'.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening

Listen and identify: 'Nadi ki chattan'.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening

Listen and identify: 'Chattan ke peeche'.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening

Listen and identify: 'Purani chattan'.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening

Listen and identify: 'Chattan todna'.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening

Listen and identify: 'Chattani rasta'.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening

Listen and identify: 'Bhari chattan'.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'The rocks are sharp.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'He is like a rock.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'Look at that big rock.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'Water comes from the rock.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'The rock is old and black.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Say 'Small stones and big rocks' in Hindi.

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Say 'Behind the rocks' in Hindi.

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Say 'The rock is hard' in Hindi.

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Say 'Don't sit on the rock' in Hindi.

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Say 'The rock is breaking' in Hindi.

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening

Identify: 'Khurdari chattan'.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening

Identify: 'Chattan ka dhalan'.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening

Identify: 'Choti chattan'.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening

Identify: 'Samudri chattan'.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening

Identify: 'Chattan ki chaya'.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Write a sentence about a rock in the sea.

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'The rock is very hard.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'We found a treasure under the rock.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'The path is rocky.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'The rock is shining in the sun.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Say 'The rock is breaking into pieces' in Hindi.

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Say 'I saw a big rock' in Hindi.

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Say 'The rock is very old' in Hindi.

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Say 'Walk carefully on the rocks' in Hindi.

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Say 'The rock is blocking the way' in Hindi.

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:

/ 180 درست

نمره کامل!

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