固まる در ۳۰ ثانیه
- 固まる means to harden or solidify physically (jelly, cement).
- It also means to finalize plans or decisions (abstract solidification).
- It can describe people gathering in a tight group (huddling).
- In modern Japanese, it means a computer or screen has frozen.
The Japanese verb 固まる (katamaru) is a versatile intransitive verb primarily meaning 'to harden' or 'to solidify.' At its most basic level, it describes a physical change where a liquid or soft substance becomes firm. Imagine pouring concrete, making jelly, or watching wax cool—in all these instances, the substance is undergoing the process of 固まる. This physical transformation is the foundation for all its metaphorical uses in the Japanese language. It is a B1-level word because while the physical meaning is straightforward, its application to abstract concepts like plans, groups, and technology is essential for intermediate fluency.
- Physical State
- Refers to substances like cement, blood, or food transitioning from fluid to solid. For example, when cooking, you might wait for an egg to set or chocolate to firm up in the fridge.
コンクリートが完全に固まるまで、中に入らないでください。
Beyond the physical, 固まる is frequently used to describe the finalization of ideas or plans. When a vague concept becomes a concrete schedule, Japanese speakers say the plan has 'solidified.' This is a crucial distinction from the transitive version, 固める (katameru), which implies someone is actively hardening something. With 固まる, the focus is on the state of the thing itself becoming firm. If your travel plans were uncertain yesterday but are now decided, they have 'katamaru-ed.'
- Abstract Stability
- Used when opinions, plans, or decisions reach a point of no change. It suggests a move from ambiguity to certainty.
In social contexts, 固まる describes people gathering or huddling together. You might see children 固まる in a corner when they are shy, or fans 固まる around a celebrity. It implies a sense of density and closeness. Furthermore, in the digital age, this word has taken on a technical meaning: 'to freeze.' When your computer screen stops responding and the image is stuck, the Japanese describe it as the screen having 'hardened' or solidified into that state.
動画を見ている途中で、パソコンが固まってしまった。
Using 固まる correctly requires understanding its role as an intransitive verb (自動詞). This means the subject (marked by が) is the thing that is doing the hardening, rather than someone doing it to something. For instance, if you say 'the glue hardened,' you use 固まる. If you say 'I hardened the glue,' you would use its transitive partner, 固める. This distinction is vital for sounding natural in Japanese. In everyday conversation, you will often hear it in the past tense (固まった) to indicate that a state has been reached, or in the te-iru form (固まっている) to describe a current state of being solid.
- Sentence Structure
- [Subject] + が + [Adverb] + 固まる. Common adverbs include 完全に (completely), 徐々に (gradually), and しっかり (firmly).
ようやく方針が固まりました。
When talking about people, 固まる often takes the particle で to indicate the manner or location of the grouping. For example, '三人で固まる' (gathering in a group of three). This usage often carries a nuance of exclusion or isolation—like a group of friends sticking together and not talking to others at a party. It can also describe physical tension in the body. If you are extremely nervous, your muscles might 固まる, meaning they become stiff and difficult to move. This is a common way to describe 'freezing up' in a social or high-pressure situation.
- Physical Tension
- 緊張で体が固まってしまった (My body froze up due to nervousness). This describes a lack of mobility caused by internal state.
Finally, consider the nuances of 'finalization.' In business, 固まる is used when a deal or a budget is no longer subject to change. It implies a sense of relief and progress. However, it can also be used for negative things, like 'prejudice' or 'fixed ideas' (固定観念が固まる), where a person's thinking becomes inflexible. In all these cases, the imagery remains consistent: something that was once fluid, movable, or uncertain has become rigid, unchangeable, and firm.
You will encounter 固まる in a vast array of daily situations in Japan. In a domestic setting, it's heard in the kitchen when making desserts like agar (kanten) or gelatin. A mother might tell her child, 'Wait until the jelly hardens' (ゼリーが固まるまで待って). In the workplace, it is a staple of meetings and project management. Colleagues will ask each other, 'Has the schedule solidified yet?' (スケジュールはもう固まりましたか？). This is one of the most frequent business applications of the word, used to check if plans are ready for implementation.
来週の出張の予定、大体固まった？
In the world of technology and IT, 固まる is the standard term for a software crash or a UI freeze. If you are talking to tech support or complaining to a friend about your smartphone, you would say '画面が固まった' (The screen froze). This is much more common than using formal terms like 'フリーズする' (to freeze) in casual conversation, though both are understood. On the news, you might hear it used in a political context, such as 'The party's support base is solidifying' (支持基盤が固まっている), indicating that voters are becoming firm in their choice.
- News & Politics
- Often used to describe the consolidation of power, support, or public opinion. It suggests a movement toward unity and strength.
You also hear it in sports commentary. When a team's defense 'solidifies,' it means they have become harder to score against. Or, if a player 'freezes' under pressure during a crucial moment, the commentator might use 固まる to describe their lack of movement. In school settings, teachers might tell students not to 固まる in the hallways, meaning they shouldn't form large, obstructive groups. The word's ability to transition from physical chemistry to social behavior and then to high-level abstract logic makes it a ubiquitous part of the Japanese linguistic landscape.
The most frequent mistake learners make with 固まる is confusing it with its transitive counterpart, 固める (katameru). Because English often uses the same word 'harden' for both 'the cement hardened' (intransitive) and 'I hardened the cement' (transitive), English speakers often forget to switch verbs in Japanese. Remember: if the subject is performing the action on an object, use 固める. If the subject is the one undergoing the change, use 固まる. For example, '決心を固める' (to make up one's mind/harden one's resolve) vs. '決心が固まる' (one's resolve has become firm).
- Intransitive vs. Transitive
- 固まる (Katamaru): The thing becomes hard. (e.g., The glue hardened.)
固める (Katameru): Someone makes the thing hard. (e.g., I hardened the glue.)
Another common error is using 固まる when 凍る (kooru - to freeze) is more appropriate. While 固まる can describe a computer 'freezing,' it should not be used for water turning into ice due to temperature. For that specific phase change, 凍る is the correct term. However, you *can* use 固まる for fats or oils that become solid at room temperature (like coconut oil or lard), as this is seen more as a solidification of texture rather than a temperature-induced 'freezing' like ice. Using 固まる for ice sounds distinctly unnatural to native ears.
× 水が冷蔵庫で固まった。
○ 水が冷蔵庫で凍った。
Lastly, learners sometimes over-apply 固まる to mean 'to finish' or 'to complete.' While it means a plan is 'solidified' or 'finalized,' it does not mean the task itself is finished (終わる). If you have 'solidified' your homework plan, you haven't necessarily 'finished' the homework. It only refers to the stability of the foundation or the state of the substance. Using it to mean 'I finished my dinner' is a major semantic error. Always visualize the 'firmness' aspect to ensure you are using it in the right context.
Understanding the synonyms of 固まる helps define its boundaries. For physical solidification, 凝固する (gyouko suru) is a more technical, scientific term. You would find this in a chemistry textbook or a medical report (e.g., blood coagulation). While 固まる is used in daily life, 凝固する is used when discussing the scientific process. For plans and decisions, まとまる (matomaru) is a very close alternative. However, まとまる implies 'to come together' or 'to be settled' in a way that suggests organization and agreement, whereas 固まる emphasizes the 'finality' and 'firmness' of the result.
- Comparison: 固まる vs. まとまる
- 固まる: Focuses on the plan becoming unchangeable and firm.
まとまる: Focuses on different parts coming together into a cohesive whole.
When talking about people grouping together, 群れる (mureru) is another option. However, 群れる often has a slightly negative connotation, like 'swarming' or 'herding,' and is frequently used for animals or crowds. 固まる is more neutral or can imply a defensive or shy huddle. For the 'freezing' of a computer, フリーズする (furiizu suru) is the direct loanword from English. It is very common in modern Japanese, but 固まる remains the preferred 'native' way to describe the same phenomenon, especially among older generations or in more descriptive contexts.
- Comparison: 固まる vs. 凍る
- 固まる: Broad solidification (cement, jelly, plans, groups).
凍る: Specifically freezing due to cold temperature (ice, frozen food).
چقدر رسمی است؟
نکته جالب
The kanji 固 depicts an enclosure (囗) around an ancient shield or object (古), suggesting something protected and unmoving.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Pronouncing 'ru' like the English 'roo' with rounded lips.
- Stressing the first syllable like 'KA-tamaru'.
- Confusing the 'ta' with 'da' (kadamaru).
- Failing to double the 'm' sound if they mishear it.
- Over-emphasizing the final 'u'.
سطح دشواری
The kanji is common but the various meanings require context.
The kanji 固 is standard but must be distinguished from similar ones like 箇.
Easy to pronounce; very common in daily speech.
Distinct sound, usually clear in context.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
Intransitive Verbs (自動詞)
計画が固まる (The plan solidifies).
State of being (~te iru)
油が固まっている (The oil is hardened).
Noun modification (Past tense)
固まった土 (Hardened soil).
Adverbial usage (~te)
固まって動かない (Frozen and not moving).
Causative/Transitive distinction
固める vs 固まる.
مثالها بر اساس سطح
ゼリーが固まりました。
The jelly has hardened.
Past tense of an intransitive verb.
チョコが固まるまで待ってください。
Please wait until the chocolate hardens.
Using 'made' (until) with the dictionary form.
のりが固まった。
The glue hardened.
Simple past tense.
卵が固まる。
The egg hardens (sets).
Present tense describing a process.
セメントが固まる。
The cement hardens.
Subject + ga + verb.
ろうそくの火が消えて、ろうが固まった。
The candle light went out, and the wax hardened.
Compound sentence with 'te' form.
冷やすと固まります。
It hardens if you cool it.
Condition 'to' meaning 'if/when'.
ペンキが固まった。
The paint hardened.
Intransitive usage.
パソコンが固まった！
My computer froze!
Metaphorical use for digital freezing.
みんなで固まって歩く。
We walk huddled together.
Using 'te' form for manner.
画面が固まって動かない。
The screen is frozen and won't move.
Describing a continuing state.
恥ずかしくて、その場に固まってしまった。
I was so embarrassed I froze on the spot.
Use of 'shimau' for unintentional action.
雨で土が固まった。
The soil hardened because of the rain.
Cause indicated by 'de'.
端の方に固まらないでください。
Please don't clump together at the edge.
Negative request.
油が白く固まっている。
The oil has hardened and turned white.
State of being (te-iru).
緊張で声が固まる。
My voice tightens up from nervousness.
Describing physical tension.
ようやく旅行の計画が固まった。
The travel plans have finally solidified.
Abstract use for plans.
彼の決心は固まっているようだ。
It seems his resolve is firm.
Describing a mental state.
新しい方針が固まりました。
The new policy has been finalized.
Formal business context.
予算案が大体固まってきた。
The budget proposal has mostly solidified.
Aspect marker 'kuru' for gradual change.
固まった考え方を捨てるべきだ。
You should discard fixed ways of thinking.
Adjectival use (past tense modifying a noun).
支持層が固まっていない。
The support base has not solidified.
Negative state of being.
話が固まるまで秘密にしよう。
Let's keep it a secret until the talk is finalized.
Using 'made' with a clause.
基礎が固まれば、あとは早い。
Once the foundation is solid, the rest is fast.
Conditional 'ba'.
証拠が固まるのを待つ。
Wait for the evidence to solidify.
Nominalizing the verb with 'no'.
彼女の表情が驚きで固まった。
Her expression froze in surprise.
Describing a momentary physical reaction.
選手たちが円陣を組んで固まっている。
The players are huddled in a circle.
Combining 'enjin o kumu' and 'katamaru'.
その説は学界で固まりつつある。
That theory is becoming established in the academic world.
Formal aspect 'tsutsu aru'.
筋肉が固まって、肩こりがひどい。
My muscles have stiffened, and my stiff shoulders are bad.
Describing physical ailment.
グループが固まりすぎて、新人が入りにくい。
The group is too cliquey, making it hard for newcomers to join.
Using 'sugiru' for excess.
反対意見が固まって、法案は否決された。
Opposition solidified, and the bill was rejected.
Describing political consensus.
泥が固まって石のようになった。
The mud hardened and became like stone.
Simile with 'no you ni'.
凝固点に達すると液体は固まる。
When it reaches the freezing point, the liquid solidifies.
Technical/Scientific context.
既成概念が固まると、新しい発想は生まれない。
When established concepts become fixed, new ideas aren't born.
Abstract philosophical statement.
傷口の血が固まってきた。
The blood at the wound has started to clot.
Medical context.
国家としてのアイデンティティが固まる過程。
The process of a national identity solidifying.
Sociological context.
彼の態度は拒絶の方向で固まっている。
His attitude is fixed in the direction of rejection.
Nuanced description of behavior.
市場の動向が固まるのを注視している。
We are closely watching for the market trends to solidify.
Economic context.
伝統が固まるには長い年月が必要だ。
It takes many years for a tradition to become established.
Abstract concept of time.
恐怖で身も心も固まってしまった。
Both body and soul froze with fear.
Literary/Emotive expression.
パラダイムが固まり、科学的革命が終焉を迎える。
The paradigm solidifies, and the scientific revolution reaches its end.
Highly academic/philosophical.
世論が一定の方向に固まるのは、メディアの影響が大きい。
The media's influence is great in causing public opinion to solidify in a certain direction.
Complex sociological analysis.
沈殿物が底に固まっている。
The sediment is solidified at the bottom.
Precise physical description.
法的な解釈が固まるまでには紆余曲折があった。
There were twists and turns before the legal interpretation was finalized.
Legal/Professional nuance.
支持基盤が盤石に固まった。
The support base has solidified as firm as a rock.
Idiomatic use of 'banjaku'.
歴史認識が固まることの危うさを指摘する。
Point out the danger of historical perceptions becoming fixed.
Critical academic tone.
溶岩が冷えて固まり、新しい大地が生まれる。
The lava cools and solidifies, and a new land is born.
Geological process.
思考が固まって、言葉が出てこない。
My thoughts have seized up, and the words won't come out.
Metaphor for cognitive block.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— The discussion has reached a final agreement.
話が固まったら教えてください。
— One's mind is made up firmly.
留学しようという決心が固まった。
— To settle down (often referring to marriage).
彼もようやく身が固まった。
— The foundation or support base has become stable.
新しい事業の地盤が固まった。
— The team or group members have been finalized.
プロジェクトのメンバーがようやく固まった。
— The evidence has become sufficient and undeniable.
容疑を裏付ける証拠が固まった。
— The schedule is finalized.
来週の予定はもう固まりましたか？
— One's thoughts or opinions have become clear and fixed.
一晩考えて、ようやく考えが固まった。
— To cluster together in one spot.
観客が一箇所に固まっている。
— Muscles become stiff.
寒さで筋肉が固まってしまった。
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
This is the transitive form. Use it when you are the one doing the hardening.
Use this specifically for things freezing into ice due to cold.
While similar to 'solidifying a plan,' kimaru just means 'decided,' whereas katamaru implies a process of becoming firm.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— After the rain, the ground hardens. Adversity builds character or a stronger foundation.
喧嘩したけど、雨降って地固まるだね。
Common Proverb— To hold one's breath (in suspense). Related to the mouth becoming 'hard' or tight.
試合の結果を固唾を呑んで見守る。
Literary— To become narrow-minded or inflexible in thinking.
年をとって頭が固まってきた。
Informal— To settle down (transitive version, but related).
そろそろ身を固めたらどうだ？
Neutral— To consolidate one's position or support.
選挙に向けて地盤を固める。
Political— Not a standard idiom, but '口を固くする' (to keep a secret) is related.
N/A
N/A— To strengthen one's defense.
チームは守りを固めて勝利した。
Sports— To build a strong foundation.
若いうちに基礎を固めることが大事だ。
Educational— To strengthen unity.
チームの結束を固める。
General— To decide on a policy firmly.
政府は増税の方針を固めた。
Newsبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Transitive vs Intransitive.
Katameru requires an object (wo), Katamaru is the subject's state (ga).
方針を固める vs 方針が固まる。
Both mean 'to become solid'.
Kooru is for temperature-based freezing (ice). Katamaru is for chemical/abstract solidification.
水が凍る vs セメントが固まる。
Both can mean people coming together.
Atsumaru is just 'gathering.' Katamaru implies gathering 'tightly' or in a 'huddle'.
広場に集まる vs 隅に固まる。
Both used for plans.
Matomaru is 'to come together in order.' Katamaru is 'to become unchangeable'.
意見がまとまる vs 計画が固まる。
Scientific synonym.
Gyouko is technical/medical. Katamaru is everyday language.
血液が凝固する vs 血が固まる。
الگوهای جملهسازی
[Subject] が固まる
のりが固まる。
[Plan/Idea] が固まる
予定が固まる。
[Subject] が固まって [Action]
画面が固まって動かない。
[Subject] で固まる
緊張で体が固まる。
[Group] が固まる
学生たちが固まっている。
〜が固まるのを待つ
証拠が固まるのを待つ。
固まった [Noun]
固まった考え方。
〜が[Adverb]固まる
地盤が盤石に固まる。
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
صفتها
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
Very high in daily life, technology, and business.
-
Using 'wo' with katamaru.
→
Using 'ga'.
Katamaru is intransitive. You cannot 'katamaru' something; it happens to the subject.
-
Using katamaru for ice cubes.
→
Kooru (凍る).
Katamaru is for solidification, but water freezing is specifically 'kooru'.
-
Confusing katamaru with owaru (finish).
→
Katamaru (solidify).
A plan can be solidified but the project isn't finished yet.
-
Using katamaru for 'becoming difficult'.
→
Muzukashiku naru.
Katamaru means hard in texture or firmness, not difficulty.
-
Saying 'Katamaru' for a closed door.
→
Shimaru (閉まる).
Katamaru means hard, not closed.
نکات
Check your particles
Always use 'が' for the thing that is hardening. '計画が固まる' is correct. Using 'を' with '固まる' is a common mistake.
Abstract vs. Physical
Remember that this word is just as common for plans as it is for cement. Don't limit it to physical objects.
Digital Lag
If a game is lagging or a screen is stuck, '固まった' is your go-to word. It sounds very natural.
Group Nuance
When using it for groups, be aware it can sound like the group is 'clumping' and not welcoming others.
Pair with 'Katai'
Link 'katamaru' with the adjective 'katai' (hard). It's the action of becoming 'katai'.
Rain and Ground
Learn the phrase 'Ame futte ji katamaru' to impress your Japanese friends during tough times.
Jelly and Eggs
Use it when cooking to describe when liquids set. It's essential for recipes.
Finalizing
In a meeting, use '方針が固まりました' to signal that a decision is final.
Stiff Shoulders
Use it to describe stiff muscles (筋肉が固まる) after sitting at a desk all day.
Katamari Game
If you know the game Katamari Damacy, you already know the root of this word!
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Think of a 'Cat' (ka) on a 'Table' (ta) that turned into 'Marble' (maru). The cat hardened into a statue.
تداعی تصویری
Imagine a bowl of liquid jelly slowly turning into a solid block in the fridge.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Try to use 固まる in three different ways today: once for food, once for a plan, and once for technology.
ریشه کلمه
Derived from the adjective 'katai' (hard/firm) and the verbalizing suffix '-maru'.
معنای اصلی: To transition into a state of 'katai'.
Japonicبافت فرهنگی
Be careful when using it for groups of people, as it can imply they are being unfriendly to outsiders.
English uses different words for 'freeze,' 'harden,' and 'finalize,' whereas Japanese uses 固まる for all three.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Cooking
- ゼリーが固まる
- 卵が固まる
- チョコが固まる
- 冷やして固める
Business
- 計画が固まる
- 方針が固まる
- 予定が固まる
- メンバーが固まる
Technology
- 画面が固まる
- PCが固まる
- スマホが固まる
- 固まって動かない
Social
- グループで固まる
- 隅の方で固まる
- 三人で固まる
- 固まって歩く
Physical/Health
- 体が固まる
- 筋肉が固まる
- 血が固まる
- 表情が固まる
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"旅行の予定、もう固まった？ (Has the travel schedule solidified yet?)"
"パソコンがよく固まるんだけど、どうすればいい？ (My PC freezes often, what should I do?)"
"このゼリー、いつ固まるかな？ (I wonder when this jelly will harden?)"
"緊張して体が固まっちゃったことある？ (Have you ever had your body freeze up from nervousness?)"
"新しい仕事の方針は固まりましたか？ (Has the policy for the new job been finalized?)"
موضوعات نگارش
今日、自分の計画が固まったことについて書いてください。 (Write about a plan of yours that solidified today.)
パソコンやスマホが固まって困った経験はありますか？ (Have you ever been in trouble because your PC or smartphone froze?)
「雨降って地固まる」のような経験をしたことがありますか？ (Have you ever had an experience like 'after rain, the ground hardens'?)
自分の考えが固まっていると感じることは何ですか？ (What are some of your thoughts that you feel are fixed/solidified?)
グループで固まることのメリットとデメリットは何だと思いますか？ (What do you think are the pros and cons of clumping together in a group?)
سوالات متداول
10 سوالNo, you should use '凍る' (kooru) for water turning into ice. '固まる' is used for things like jelly, melted chocolate, or cement.
'まとまる' (matomaru) suggests that various ideas have come together into a cohesive whole. '固まる' (katamaru) emphasizes that the plan is now firm and won't be changed.
You can say 'パソコンが固まった' (Pasokon ga katamatta). It's the most common way to describe it in daily life.
It is an intransitive verb (自動詞). The transitive version is '固める' (katameru).
Yes, it describes people huddling or gathering closely together, often in a way that seems exclusive or shy.
Not exactly. It means the foundation or plan is 'solidified.' You might still have work to do, but the structure is set.
Yes, it is used for blood clotting (血が固まる). In medical contexts, you might also hear '凝固' (gyouko).
It means to become inflexible or stubborn in one's thinking, often used for older people who won't accept new ideas.
Yes, it can describe muscles becoming stiff or a person 'freezing up' due to fear or nervousness.
Yes, it describes a state of being solid, like 'The oil has hardened' (油が固まっている).
خودت رو بسنج 200 سوال
Write a sentence about jelly hardening in the fridge.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about your computer freezing.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about travel plans being finalized.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about people gathering in a corner.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about your resolve becoming firm.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence using '雨降って地固まる'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about cement hardening.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about blood clotting.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about a frozen expression.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about stiff muscles.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Describe a plan that is not yet finalized using 固まる.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Use 固まる in a business context.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Describe oil solidifying.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about a support base solidifying.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Describe glue drying.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Use 固まる to describe a group of shy children.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write about a theory becoming established.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write about a foundation being built.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write about a screen freezing during a video.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about chocolate cooling.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Say 'The jelly hardened' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'My smartphone froze' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'The plan solidified' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Don't group together' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Wait until it hardens' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'My mind is made up' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'The cement is hardening' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'The screen is frozen' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'The policy is finalized' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'My muscles are stiff' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Ask 'Is the schedule finalized?'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'The blood clotted' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'I froze from nervousness' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'The oil became solid' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'The members are finalized' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'The paint is dry' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Wait for evidence to solidify' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'The group is cliquey' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'The talk is finalized' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'The foundation is solid' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Listen to: 'ゼリーが固まりました。' What is solid?
Listen to: 'パソコンが固まった。' What is the issue?
Listen to: '予定が固まったら教えて。' When should you tell?
Listen to: 'みんな固まって歩いている。' How are they walking?
Listen to: '緊張で固まる。' Why did they freeze?
Listen to: '血が固まってきた。' What is happening to the blood?
Listen to: '方針が固まる。' What is finalized?
Listen to: 'のりが固まった。' What is dry?
Listen to: '表情が固まる。' What changed?
Listen to: 'チョコが固まるまで待つ。' What are we waiting for?
Listen to: '支持層が固まる。' What is strengthening?
Listen to: '画面が固まった。' What stopped moving?
Listen to: '決心が固まる。' What is the person's state?
Listen to: '油が固まっている。' Is the oil liquid?
Listen to: '基礎が固まった。' What is done?
/ 200 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
固まる (katamaru) is an intransitive verb used when something becomes firm or unchangeable on its own. Whether it's concrete drying, a plan being finalized, or a computer freezing, the core image is the loss of fluidity. Example: 'Keikaku ga katamatta' (The plan is finalized).
- 固まる means to harden or solidify physically (jelly, cement).
- It also means to finalize plans or decisions (abstract solidification).
- It can describe people gathering in a tight group (huddling).
- In modern Japanese, it means a computer or screen has frozen.
Check your particles
Always use 'が' for the thing that is hardening. '計画が固まる' is correct. Using 'を' with '固まる' is a common mistake.
Abstract vs. Physical
Remember that this word is just as common for plans as it is for cement. Don't limit it to physical objects.
Digital Lag
If a game is lagging or a screen is stuck, '固まった' is your go-to word. It sounds very natural.
Group Nuance
When using it for groups, be aware it can sound like the group is 'clumping' and not welcoming others.
محتوای مرتبط
عبارات مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر nature
～上
B1کلمه 'ue' به معنای 'بالا' یا 'رویِ' چیزی است.
〜の上
A2روی یا بالای چیزی. مثلاً 'کتاب روی میز است' میشود 'Hon wa tsukue no ue ni arimasu'.
豊か
B1فراوان؛ غنی. طبیعت غنی.
〜に従って
B1طبق دستورالعمل، دکمه را فشار دهید.
酸性雨
B1باران اسیدی نوعی بارش است که به دلیل آلودگی هوا، خاصیت اسیدی پیدا کرده است.
営み
B1فعالیت؛ زندگی روزمره؛ تعهد (به عنوان مثال، فعالیت های زندگی).
順応する
B1وفق یافتن با محیط یا شرایط جدید.
~を背景に
B1در پسزمینه...؛ با توجه به شرایط... .
空気
A2air
大気汚染
B1آلودگی هوا به معنای وجود مواد مضر در جو است. 'آلودگی هوا باعث بیماریهای تنفسی در بسیاری از مردم میشود.'
