این صفحه به زبان شما
English العربية Deutsch Español Français 日本語 한국어 Português 中文 हिन्दी
A2 noun #2,500 پرکاربردترین 10 دقیقه مطالعه

生物

seibutsu
At the A1 beginner level, introducing the concept of 生物 (living things) is essential for building a foundational vocabulary related to the natural world. While beginners might first learn specific words like 犬 (inu - dog) or 猫 (neko - cat), understanding the broader category of 生物 helps them group these concepts together. At this stage, the focus is primarily on the casual reading, 生き物 (ikimono), which is easier to pronounce and more commonly encountered in everyday, simple conversations. Beginners learn to use this word to describe anything that moves and is alive, such as bugs in the park, fish in a tank, or pets at home. The grammar associated with this level is very straightforward, typically involving basic existence verbs like います (imasu - there is/are for living things). For example, a beginner might learn to say '公園に生き物がいます' (Kouen ni ikimono ga imasu - There are living creatures in the park). They also learn to express simple preferences, such as '生き物が好きです' (Ikimono ga suki desu - I like creatures). Teachers at the A1 level will often use visual aids, showing pictures of various animals and plants, and asking 'これは生き物ですか？' (Kore wa ikimono desu ka? - Is this a living thing?). This helps solidify the concept that 'ikimono' encompasses a wide variety of life forms, not just typical pets. Furthermore, learning this word introduces the fundamental kanji 生 (life/birth) and 物 (thing), which are crucial building blocks for hundreds of other Japanese words. Even at this early stage, recognizing that 'ikimono' literally translates to 'living thing' provides a valuable insight into how Japanese vocabulary is constructed logically from basic kanji components. The goal at A1 is simply recognition and basic usage in highly structured, predictable sentences.
At the A2 elementary level, the usage of 生物 expands significantly as learners begin to engage in more detailed descriptions of their daily lives, hobbies, and the environment around them. At this stage, learners are expected to comfortably use the casual reading 生き物 (ikimono) in a variety of contexts, and they are formally introduced to the academic reading 生物 (seibutsu), primarily in the context of school subjects or basic science. A2 learners can construct more complex sentences using adjectives to describe creatures, such as '可愛い生き物' (kawaii ikimono - cute creature) or '珍しい生物' (mezurashii seibutsu - rare organism). They also learn to use verbs related to caring for or interacting with living things, such as 飼う (kau - to keep as a pet), 育てる (sodateru - to raise), and 探す (sagasu - to look for). For instance, an A2 learner might say, '私は子供の時、たくさんの生き物を飼っていました' (Watashi wa kodomo no toki, takusan no ikimono o katte imashita - When I was a child, I kept many creatures). This demonstrates the ability to talk about past experiences and habits. Additionally, the distinction between 生物 (seibutsu) and 動物 (doubutsu - animal) becomes clearer at this level. Learners understand that while a dog is a 'doubutsu', both a dog and a flower are 'seibutsu'. This categorization is crucial for reading simple informational texts, such as signs at a zoo or basic articles about nature. The A2 level also introduces the concept of giving reasons and explanations. A student might explain why they like a certain place by saying, '色々な生き物がいるから、この川が好きです' (Iroirona ikimono ga iru kara, kono kawa ga suki desu - I like this river because there are various creatures). Overall, A2 bridges the gap between simple identification and meaningful, descriptive conversation about the natural world.
At the B1 intermediate level, the focus shifts heavily towards the academic and formal reading, 生物 (seibutsu). Learners at this stage are reading longer texts, such as news articles, essays, and educational materials, where 'seibutsu' is the standard terminology. They are expected to understand and discuss topics related to biology, the environment, and ecology. Vocabulary expands to include compound words and related terms such as 生物学 (seibutsugaku - biology), 微生物 (biseibutsu - microorganisms), and 海洋生物 (kaiyou seibutsu - marine life). B1 learners can express opinions and discuss societal or environmental issues using this vocabulary. For example, they might write an essay stating, '環境破壊によって、多くの生物が危険にさらされています' (Kankyou hakai ni yotte, ooku no seibutsu ga kiken ni sarasarete imasu - Due to environmental destruction, many organisms are being put in danger). Grammar at this level involves more complex structures, such as passive voice, causative forms, and conditional clauses. A learner might say, 'もし気温が上がり続ければ、一部の生物は生きていけないでしょう' (Moshi kion ga agaritsuzukereba, ichibu no seibutsu wa ikite ikenai deshou - If temperatures continue to rise, some organisms will probably not be able to survive). Furthermore, B1 learners develop the ability to summarize information and explain concepts. They can articulate the difference between 'seibutsu' and 'ikimono' to lower-level learners, understanding that the choice of word dictates the register and tone of the conversation. They also begin to encounter metaphorical uses of 'ikimono', such as describing a language or a city as a 'living thing' that constantly evolves. This level marks a transition from merely describing the physical world to analyzing and discussing the complex systems that govern living organisms.
At the B2 upper-intermediate level, learners possess a sophisticated command of the word 生物 and its associated vocabulary, enabling them to engage in deep, nuanced discussions on scientific, ethical, and environmental topics. They are comfortable reading authentic materials, such as scientific journals, detailed news reports, and opinion pieces regarding biodiversity, genetic engineering, and climate change. At this stage, the vocabulary becomes highly specialized. Learners use terms like 生物多様性 (seibutsu tayousei - biodiversity), 生態系 (seitaikei - ecosystem), 絶滅危惧種 (zetsumetsu kigushu - endangered species), and 遺伝子組み換え生物 (idenshi kumikae seibutsu - genetically modified organisms). A B2 learner can construct complex, multi-clause sentences to express detailed arguments. For instance: '生物多様性を保護することは、単に美しい自然を守るだけでなく、人類の生存基盤を維持するために不可欠である' (Seibutsu tayousei o hogo suru koto wa, tanni utsukushii shizen o mamoru dake de naku, jinrui no seizon kiban o iji suru tame ni fukaketsu de aru - Protecting biodiversity is essential not only for preserving beautiful nature but also for maintaining the foundation of human survival). They are also adept at using appropriate formal language (keigo) and academic phrasing when presenting research or debating. The distinction between the objective 'seibutsu' and the emotional 'ikimono' is fully internalized, and learners can switch between them effortlessly depending on the audience. In a formal presentation, they will strictly use 'seibutsu', but during a casual chat after the presentation, they might revert to 'ikimono' when sharing a personal anecdote about a pet. B2 learners also understand the cultural nuances of how Japanese society views living things, including the Shinto-influenced respect for nature, which adds depth to their comprehension of literature and media.
At the C1 advanced level, the mastery of 生物 involves not just linguistic accuracy, but a profound understanding of its cultural, philosophical, and highly technical applications. C1 learners can effortlessly consume and produce complex texts on advanced biological sciences, bioethics, and environmental philosophy. They are familiar with highly specialized jargon and idiomatic expressions related to life and existence. At this level, learners engage with abstract concepts. They might discuss the philosophical definition of life, debating questions like '何をもって生物と定義するのか' (Nani o motte seibutsu to teigi suru no ka - By what criteria do we define an organism?). They can read and analyze classic Japanese literature or modern essays that explore the relationship between humans and nature, understanding how authors use words like 生き物 (ikimono) to evoke specific emotional responses or animistic themes. A C1 learner can articulate complex ethical arguments regarding biotechnology, such as cloning or CRISPR, using precise terminology. For example: '人工的に生物の遺伝子を操作することの倫理的妥当性について、社会全体で議論を深める必要がある' (Jinkouteki ni seibutsu no idenshi o sousa suru koto no rinriteki datousei ni tsuite, shakai zentai de giron o fukameru hitsuyou ga aru - There is a need to deepen the discussion throughout society regarding the ethical validity of artificially manipulating the genes of organisms). Furthermore, C1 learners are highly sensitive to register and nuance. They understand that using 'ikimono' in a strictly scientific paper would be a glaring error, just as using 'seibutsu' in a heartfelt poem about a dying pet would sound cold and detached. They manipulate these nuances intentionally to persuade, entertain, or inform their audience, demonstrating a near-native intuition for the word's multifaceted nature.
At the C2 mastery level, the learner's understanding and usage of 生物 are indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. They possess absolute fluency in all contexts, from the most rigorous academic discourse in molecular biology to the most subtle, poetic, and philosophical explorations of life. C2 learners can comprehend and critique complex scientific papers, legal documents regarding environmental protection, and philosophical treatises on the nature of existence. They are capable of coining new phrases or using the word in highly original, metaphorical ways that resonate with native speakers. For instance, they might analyze the socio-economic structure of a nation by comparing it to a complex biological organism, using terms like '社会という巨大な生物' (shakai to iu kyodaina seibutsu - the giant organism known as society) to draw intricate parallels between biological functions and societal mechanisms. They have a complete command of the etymology of the kanji and can discuss how historical shifts in Japanese thought have influenced the perception of 'seibutsu'. In debates on cutting-edge bioethics, such as synthetic biology or artificial life, C2 learners can articulate highly nuanced positions, seamlessly integrating specialized vocabulary with advanced grammatical structures to express subtle degrees of probability, hypothetical scenarios, and moral imperatives. For example: '仮に完全な人工生物の創造が可能となった暁には、我々の生命に対する既存のパラダイムは根本からの転換を余儀なくされるであろう' (Kari ni kanzen na jinkou seibutsu no souzou ga kanou to natta akatsuki ni wa, wareware no seimei ni taisuru kizon no paradaimu wa konpon kara no tenkan o yoginaku sareru de arou - In the event that the creation of completely artificial organisms becomes possible, our existing paradigm regarding life will inevitably be forced to undergo a fundamental shift). At this level, language is no longer a barrier, but a finely tuned instrument for intellectual and artistic expression.
تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

生物 در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • Means 'living thing' or 'organism'.
  • Read as 'seibutsu' for science/biology.
  • Read as 'ikimono' for everyday creatures.
  • Includes animals, plants, and microorganisms.
The Japanese word 生物 (seibutsu or ikimono) is a fundamental term that translates to 'living thing,' 'creature,' or 'organism.' To truly understand its depth, we must examine its kanji components, its dual readings, and its application across various contexts ranging from daily conversation to academic biology. The first kanji, 生 (sei, shou, i-kiru, u-mareru), means 'life,' 'living,' or 'birth.' It is one of the most versatile and vital characters in the Japanese language, appearing in words like 生活 (seikatsu - daily life), 先生 (sensei - teacher), and 生きる (ikiru - to live). The second kanji, 物 (butsu, mono), means 'thing,' 'object,' or 'matter.' When combined, they literally form 'living thing.'
Reading 1: Seibutsu
This is the Sino-Japanese (on'yomi) reading. It is used in academic, scientific, and formal contexts. When you study biology in school, the subject is called 生物 (seibutsu). It encompasses all living organisms, including plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms.

地球上のすべての生物は細胞からできている。

All living organisms on Earth are made of cells.
Reading 2: Ikimono
This is the native Japanese (kun'yomi) reading. It is much more colloquial, warm, and commonly used in everyday speech. It usually refers to animals, insects, or pets, and carries a sense of familiarity and emotional connection.

子供たちは公園で生き物を探している。

The children are looking for creatures in the park.
Understanding the distinction between these two readings is crucial for mastering Japanese at an intermediate to advanced level. While they are written with the exact same kanji, the pronunciation completely alters the register and nuance of the sentence.

深海には奇妙な生物がたくさんいる。

There are many strange organisms in the deep sea.
In scientific literature, 生物 is categorized into various kingdoms, such as 動物 (doubutsu - animals), 植物 (shokubutsu - plants), and 微生物 (biseibutsu - microorganisms). The term acts as the overarching umbrella for all these categories.
Related Term: 微生物 (Biseibutsu)
Microorganisms. The prefix 微 (bi) means micro or tiny. This is a crucial sub-category of seibutsu in scientific contexts.

この川には多様な生物が生息している。

A diverse range of organisms inhabit this river.
Furthermore, the concept of 生物 extends beyond mere physical existence in Japanese culture. Influenced by Shinto and animistic beliefs, there is a profound respect for all living things, which is often reflected in how the word is used in literature and poetry.

生き物を大切にしなければならない。

We must cherish all living creatures.
In summary, 生物 is a dynamic word that bridges the gap between cold, hard science and warm, everyday interaction with nature. Whether you are a biologist studying cellular structures or a child catching beetles in the summer, this word is an indispensable part of your Japanese vocabulary.
Using the word 生物 correctly requires a solid understanding of context, audience, and the specific nuance you wish to convey. Because it has two distinct readings (seibutsu and ikimono) with different connotations, choosing the right pronunciation is just as important as knowing the meaning. Let us delve deeply into the practical applications of this essential Japanese noun.
Academic and Formal Usage (Seibutsu)
When you are in a classroom, reading a news article, or discussing environmental issues, you must use the reading 'seibutsu'. This reading is objective and encompasses all forms of life, including plants and bacteria.

明日の生物のテストは難しいだろう。

Tomorrow's biology test will probably be difficult.
When discussing ecosystems, biodiversity, or scientific research, 'seibutsu' is the only appropriate choice. It strips away the emotional attachment and focuses on the organism as a subject of study or a component of an environment.

海洋生物の保護が急務である。

The protection of marine life is an urgent task.
Everyday and Casual Usage (Ikimono)
In contrast, 'ikimono' is used in daily life, especially when talking to children, discussing pets, or referring to animals and insects in a general, non-scientific way. It feels warmer and more empathetic.

彼は昔から生き物の世話をするのが好きだ。

He has always liked taking care of creatures.
The usage of 生き物 often implies a sense of animacy that is easily observable. While technically a plant is an 'ikimono', in everyday conversation, people usually use 'ikimono' to refer to things that move, like bugs, fish, birds, and mammals.

春になると、多くの生き物が活動を始める。

When spring comes, many creatures begin their activities.
Metaphorical Usage
Sometimes, 'ikimono' is used metaphorically to describe something that is constantly changing, unpredictable, or requires careful handling, much like a living creature. For example, language or the economy.

言葉は生き物だから、時代とともに変化する。

Language is a living thing, so it changes with the times.
To master the usage of 生物, you must constantly ask yourself: 'Am I speaking in a scientific/formal context, or a casual/emotional context?' If you are writing a research paper on the flora and fauna of a specific region, use 'seibutsu'. If you are telling a friend about a cute bug you found in your garden, use 'ikimono'. This dual nature makes the word incredibly rich and highly representative of the Japanese language's ability to shift registers seamlessly.
The environments and contexts where you will encounter the word 生物 are incredibly diverse, reflecting its dual nature as both a strict scientific term and a warm, everyday word for creatures. By exploring these different settings, learners can develop a more intuitive grasp of when and how to use the word naturally.
In Educational Settings
From junior high school onwards, Japanese students take a science subject specifically called 生物 (seibutsu), which is the equivalent of Biology. You will hear this word constantly in classrooms, textbooks, and examinations.

今日の生物の授業は遺伝子についてだった。

Today's biology class was about genes.
In Documentaries and News
When watching nature documentaries on channels like NHK, the narrator will frequently use 'seibutsu' to describe the organisms being showcased, especially when discussing their ecological roles, habitats, or evolutionary history.

この番組は深海生物の謎に迫ります。

This program approaches the mysteries of deep-sea organisms.
However, if the documentary is aimed at young children, the narrator might switch to 'ikimono' to make the content more accessible and engaging.

森の中にはどんな生き物が隠れているかな？

I wonder what kind of creatures are hiding in the forest?
In Daily Conversation and Parenting
Parents and teachers of young children use 'ikimono' very frequently. It is common to hear parents encouraging their children to be gentle with bugs or small animals using this word.

生き物をいじめてはいけません。

You must not bully living creatures.
You will also hear 'ikimono' in casual conversations among adults when discussing pets or wildlife encountered in daily life. It feels much more natural than using specific scientific names or the formal 'seibutsu'.

田舎に引っ越してから、色々な生き物を見るようになった。

Since moving to the countryside, I've started seeing various creatures.
Finally, in the realm of literature, poetry, and philosophy, both readings are used to evoke different moods. 'Seibutsu' might be used to ponder the mechanical or objective nature of life, while 'ikimono' is used to evoke empathy, fragility, and the interconnectedness of all living souls. Recognizing these subtle shifts in environment and tone is key to mastering the word.
When learning the word 生物, students frequently encounter several stumbling blocks, primarily related to its pronunciation, its written form, and its distinction from similar words like 動物 (doubutsu - animal). Understanding these common mistakes is crucial for achieving fluency and avoiding awkward misunderstandings in both spoken and written Japanese.
Mistake 1: Incorrect Reading in Context
The most prevalent mistake is using the academic reading 'seibutsu' in a casual context, or the casual reading 'ikimono' in a formal context. Saying 'seibutsu' when talking to a toddler about a butterfly sounds incredibly robotic and overly academic.

❌ 庭で可愛い生物を見つけたよ。(Sounds unnatural)

✅ 庭で可愛い生き物を見つけたよ。(Natural)

I found a cute creature in the garden.
Mistake 2: Confusing 生物 with 動物
Many learners translate 'animal' as 生物, but this is imprecise. 動物 (doubutsu) specifically means 'animal' (excluding plants and bacteria), whereas 生物 (seibutsu/ikimono) includes ALL living things, including plants, fungi, and microorganisms.

❌ 犬は私の好きな生物です。(Technically true, but weird)

✅ 犬は私の好きな動物です。(Natural)

Dogs are my favorite animals.
Mistake 3: Missing Okurigana
When writing the casual reading 'ikimono', it is highly recommended to include the okurigana (the hiragana characters attached to the kanji) and write it as 生き物. If you just write 生物, the reader will default to reading it as 'seibutsu' unless the context heavily implies otherwise.

❌ 生物の世話をする。(Usually read as seibutsu, sounds academic)

✅ 生き物の世話をする。(Clearly read as ikimono, sounds natural)

To take care of creatures/pets.
Another subtle mistake is using 生物 to refer to inanimate objects that move, like robots or AI. While metaphorical usage exists (e.g., 'The internet is a living thing'), strictly speaking, 生物 must possess biological life.

❌ AIは新しい生物だ。

✅ AIはまるで生き物のようだ。

AI is like a living creature.

❌ この石は生物ですか？

✅ この石は生き物ですか？(If asking a child playfully)

Is this stone a living thing?
By paying close attention to these common pitfalls, learners can elevate their Japanese from merely understandable to highly natural and contextually appropriate. Always remember the golden rule: 'seibutsu' for science, 'ikimono' for life.
The Japanese language is rich with vocabulary related to life, nature, and existence. To fully master 生物 (seibutsu / ikimono), it is highly beneficial to compare and contrast it with similar words. This not only expands your vocabulary but also sharpens your ability to choose the most precise word for any given situation. Let us explore some of the most common synonyms and related terms.
動物 (Doubutsu) - Animal
This is perhaps the most commonly confused word. While 生物 means 'living thing' (including plants), 動物 specifically means 'animal' (moving things). It is composed of 動 (move) and 物 (thing).

パンダは珍しい動物です。

The panda is a rare animal.
生命 (Seimei) - Life / Existence
生命 refers to the abstract concept of life, the life force, or existence itself, rather than a physical creature. You use this when discussing the origins of life or medical ethics.

火星に生命は存在するのだろうか。

Does life exist on Mars?
命 (Inochi) - Life / Lifespan
命 is a much more emotional, poetic, and personal word for life. It refers to the preciousness of life, a lifespan, or the soul of a living being. It is often used in dramatic or heartfelt contexts.

命を大切にしてください。

Please value life.
Another related term is 植物 (shokubutsu), which means 'plant'. Together with 動物 (animals) and 微生物 (microorganisms), they make up the primary categories of 生物.

この山には特有の植物が生えている。

Unique plants grow on this mountain.
Finally, there is the word 獣 (kemono), which translates to 'beast' or 'wild animal'. This word carries a wild, untamed, and sometimes dangerous connotation, unlike the neutral 'doubutsu' or the broad 'seibutsu'.

森の奥から獣の鳴き声が聞こえた。

I heard the cry of a beast from deep in the forest.
By understanding the subtle boundaries between 生物, 動物, 生命, 命, and 獣, you can navigate Japanese conversations about nature and existence with incredible precision and nuance. 生物 remains the ultimate umbrella term, the foundational concept upon which all these other biological and philosophical words are built.

چقدر رسمی است؟

رسمی

""

سطح دشواری

گرامر لازم

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

これは生き物ですか？

Is this a living thing?

Basic question structure using ですか (desu ka).

2

公園に生き物がいます。

There are creatures in the park.

Use of います (imasu) for the existence of living things.

3

私は生き物が好きです。

I like living creatures.

Expressing preference using が好きです (ga suki desu).

4

海にはたくさんの生き物がいます。

There are many creatures in the sea.

Location marker に (ni) combined with existence verb.

5

あの生き物は何ですか？

What is that creature?

Using demonstrative あの (ano) to point out something distant.

6

生き物を見ましょう。

Let's look at the creatures.

Volitional form ましょう (mashou) for suggestions.

7

小さい生き物がいます。

There is a small creature.

Adjective 小さい (chiisai) modifying the noun.

8

生き物は水を飲みます。

Living things drink water.

Basic action verb 飲みます (nomimasu) with object marker を (o).

1

子供の時、色々な生き物を飼っていました。

When I was a child, I kept various creatures.

Past continuous form ていました (te imashita) for past habits.

2

明日の生物のテストは難しいと思います。

I think tomorrow's biology test will be difficult.

Expressing opinion using と思います (to omoimasu).

3

この森には珍しい生物が住んでいます。

Rare organisms live in this forest.

State of being/living using ています (te imasu).

4

生き物を大切にしなければなりません。

We must take good care of living creatures.

Obligation form なければなりません (nakereba narimasen).

5

動物園でたくさんの生き物の写真を撮りました。

I took pictures of many creatures at the zoo.

Action in a location using で (de).

6

兄は大学で生物を勉強しています。

My older brother is studying biology at university.

Ongoing action ています (te imasu).

7

暗い所にいる生き物は目が大きいです。

Creatures that are in dark places have big eyes.

Relative clause modifying a noun (暗い所にいる生き物).

8

春になると、生き物が活動を始めます。

When spring comes, creatures begin their activities.

Conditional と (to) for natural consequences.

1

環境破壊によって、多くの生物が絶滅の危機に瀕しています。

Due to environmental destruction, many organisms are on the verge of extinction.

Cause/reason using によって (ni yotte).

2

深海にはまだ発見されていない生物がたくさんいるそうです。

I hear there are still many undiscovered organisms in the deep sea.

Hearsay using そうです (sou desu) and passive negative ていない (te inai).

3

生物学の授業で、細胞の構造について詳しく学びました。

In biology class, we learned in detail about the structure of cells.

About/concerning using について (ni tsuite).

4

地球上のすべての生物は、DNAを持っています。

All living organisms on Earth have DNA.

Possession/state using 持っています (motte imasu).

5

この川の水質が改善されれば、より多くの生物が戻ってくるでしょう。

If the water quality of this river is improved, more organisms will probably return.

Conditional ば (ba) and conjecture でしょう (deshou).

6

言葉は生き物のようなものだから、時代とともに変化していく。

Because language is like a living thing, it continues to change with the times.

Simile using のようなもの (no you na mono) and continuous change ていく (te iku).

7

微生物は目に見えないほど小さいですが、重要な役割を果たしています。

Microorganisms are so small they are invisible to the eye, but they play an important role.

Extent using ほど (hodo) and contrast using が (ga).

8

彼は新しい生物の種を発見したとして、表彰されました。

He was commended for having discovered a new species of organism.

Reason/basis using として (to shite) and passive voice されました (saremashita).

1

生物多様性の喪失は、人類の生存基盤を脅かす深刻な問題である。

The loss of biodiversity is a serious problem that threatens the foundation of human survival.

Formal declarative である (de aru) and complex noun modification.

2

遺伝子組み換え生物の安全性については、依然として議論が分かれている。

Opinions remain divided regarding the safety of genetically modified organisms.

Formal state 依然として (izen to shite) and passive state 分かれている (wakarete iru).

3

特定の外来生物が繁殖しすぎると、在来の生態系が破壊される恐れがある。

If a specific alien species overpopulates, there is a fear that the native ecosystem will be destroyed.

Excessive action すぎる (sugiru) and possibility of danger 恐れがある (osore ga aru).

4

極限環境に生息する生物の研究は、生命の起源を探る上で非常に重要だ。

Research on organisms living in extreme environments is extremely important for exploring the origins of life.

In the process of / for the purpose of using 上で (ue de).

5

気候変動が海洋生物に与える影響を定量的に評価する必要がある。

It is necessary to quantitatively evaluate the impact that climate change has on marine life.

Necessity using 必要がある (hitsuyou ga aru) and giving impact 影響を与える (eikyou o ataeru).

6

都市化が進むにつれて、野生生物の生息地が奪われつつある。

As urbanization progresses, the habitats of wildlife are gradually being taken away.

As/in proportion to につれて (ni tsurete) and ongoing passive process つつある (tsutsu aru).

7

そのドキュメンタリーは、厳しい自然界で生き抜く生物の姿を克明に描いている。

That documentary vividly depicts the figures of organisms surviving in the harsh natural world.

Compound verb 生き抜く (ikinuku - to survive through) and adverb 克明に (kokumei ni).

8

生物の進化の過程を辿ることで、我々自身のルーツを理解することができる。

By tracing the process of biological evolution, we can understand our own roots.

Means/method using ことで (koto de) and potential form ことができる (koto ga dekiru).

1

合成生物学の進展は、生命を設計するという新たなパラダイムを提示している。

The advancement of synthetic biology presents a new paradigm of designing life.

Apposition using という (to iu) and formal continuous 提示している (teiji shite iru).

2

人為的な環境介入が生物相に及ぼす不可逆的な影響を軽視してはならない。

We must not make light of the irreversible impact that artificial environmental intervention exerts on the biota.

Strong prohibition してはならない (shite wa naranai) and formal vocabulary (不可逆的, 生物相).

3

何をもって生物と定義するかという問いは、科学のみならず哲学の領域にも踏み込む。

The question of what defines an organism steps into the realm of philosophy as well as science.

Criteria marker 何をもって (nani o motte) and 'not only... but also' のみならず (nomi narazu).

4

深海熱水噴出孔周辺の特異な生物群集は、光合成に依存しない独自の生態系を構築している。

The unique biological communities around deep-sea hydrothermal vents have constructed an independent ecosystem that does not rely on photosynthesis.

Dependence 依存しない (izon shinai) and highly specific academic terminology.

5

絶滅危惧種の保全においては、単一の生物種だけでなく、その生息環境全体を俯瞰する視点が求められる。

In the conservation of endangered species, a perspective that overlooks the entire habitat, not just the single biological species, is required.

In the context of においては (ni oite wa) and passive expectation 求められる (motomerareru).

6

生物が持つ高度な環境適応能力には、人間の技術を遥かに凌駕するメカニズムが隠されている。

Hidden within the advanced environmental adaptability possessed by organisms are mechanisms that far surpass human technology.

Surpassing 凌駕する (ryouga suru) and passive state 隠されている (kakusarete iru).

7

外来生物の駆除を巡る議論は、動物愛護の観点と生態系保全の観点が複雑に絡み合っている。

The debate surrounding the extermination of alien species is a complex intertwining of animal welfare perspectives and ecosystem conservation perspectives.

Surrounding/concerning を巡る (o meguru) and complex state 絡み合っている (karamiatte iru).

8

生命倫理の観点から、人間に近い知能を持つとされる生物の実験利用には厳格な規制が敷かれるべきだ。

From the perspective of bioethics, strict regulations should be laid down for the experimental use of organisms considered to have intelligence close to humans.

Perspective から (kara), considered to be とされる (to sareru), and strong recommendation べきだ (beki da).

1

人工知能が自己複製と自己進化の能力を獲得した暁には、それを新たな生物として認知すべきか否かという根源的な命題に直面するであろう。

In the event that artificial intelligence acquires the ability for self-replication and self-evolution, we will likely face the fundamental proposition of whether or not it should be recognized as a new organism.

In the event of した暁には (shita akatsuki ni wa) and whether or not すべきか否か (subeki ka ina ka).

2

万物有霊論的自然観が根付く日本において、無機物と生物の境界線は西洋のそれと比較して極めて曖昧かつ流動的であると言わざるを得ない。

In Japan, where an animistic view of nature is rooted, one cannot help but say that the boundary between inorganic matter and living organisms is extremely ambiguous and fluid compared to that of the West.

Cannot help but say 言わざるを得ない (iwazaru o enai) and formal comparison と比較して (to hikaku shite).

3

分子生物学の還元主義的アプローチは生命の微視的構造を解明した反面、生物全体としての創発的特性を見落とす危険性を孕んでいる。

While the reductionist approach of molecular biology has elucidated the microscopic structure of life, it is fraught with the danger of overlooking the emergent properties of the organism as a whole.

On the other hand 反面 (hanmen) and fraught with danger 危険性を孕んでいる (kikensei o harande iru).

4

地球外生命体の探査は、我々が抱く「生物」という概念の普遍性を検証する壮大な試みであると位置づけられる。

The search for extraterrestrial life is positioned as a grand attempt to verify the universality of the concept of 'organism' that we hold.

Positioned as と位置づけられる (to ichizukerareru) and modifying clause 我々が抱く (wareware ga idaku).

5

生態系のレジリエンスは、個々の生物種の強靭さではなく、種間の複雑極まりない相互依存関係のネットワークによって担保されている。

The resilience of an ecosystem is guaranteed not by the robustness of individual biological species, but by the network of extremely complex interdependent relationships between species.

Extremely 複雑極まりない (fukuzatsu kiwamarinai) and guaranteed by によって担保されている (ni yotte tanpo sarete iru).

6

人新世における生物の大量絶滅は、地質学的なタイムスケールで見ても類を見ないほどの急激な変化であり、人類の業の深さを物語っている。

The mass extinction of organisms in the Anthropocene is a rapid change unprecedented even on a geological timescale, speaking volumes about the depth of humanity's karma.

Unprecedented 類を見ない (rui o minai) and speaking volumes/indicating 物語っている (monogatatte iru).

7

遺伝子ドライブ技術を用いた特定生物の意図的な絶滅は、パンドラの箱を開けるに等しい行為であり、慎重の上にも慎重を期すべきである。

The intentional extinction of a specific organism using gene drive technology is an act equivalent to opening Pandora's box, and one must exercise the utmost caution.

Equivalent to に等しい (ni hitoshii) and utmost caution 慎重の上にも慎重を期す (shinchou no ue ni mo shinchou o kisu).

8

生命現象を単なる物理化学的反応の連鎖と見なす唯物論的生命観は、生物が内包する主観的経験や志向性を捨象してしまうという批判を免れない。

The materialistic view of life, which regards life phenomena merely as a chain of physicochemical reactions, cannot escape the criticism that it abstracts away the subjective experiences and intentionality inherent in organisms.

Cannot escape criticism 批判を免れない (hihan o manukarenai) and inherent 内包する (naihou suru).

ترکیب‌های رایج

生物学
生物多様性
微生物
海洋生物
野生生物
生物兵器
生物圏
生物相
地球外生物
生物資源

عبارات رایج

生物の授業

生き物を飼う

生き物を大切にする

生物の進化

未知の生物

生物の多様性

生き物の世話

生物の観察

深海生物

生き物の命

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

生物 vs 動物 (doubutsu - animal)

生物 vs 生命 (seimei - life/existence)

生物 vs 植物 (shokubutsu - plant)

اصطلاحات و عبارات

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

生物 vs 動物

生物 vs 生命

生物 vs 無生物

生物 vs 生もの

生物 vs 化け物

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

نحوه استفاده

nuance

The core nuance is the split between objective science (seibutsu) and subjective experience (ikimono). Mastering this word means mastering the ability to switch between a detached, analytical mindset and a warm, observant mindset.

colloquialisms

Calling a person a 'strange creature' (変な生き物) can be used playfully, but calling them a 'seibutsu' sounds very clinical and potentially insulting.

regional differences

There are no major regional differences in the meaning of the word itself, though local dialects might have specific words for 'bugs' or 'small animals'.

اشتباهات رایج
  • Using 'seibutsu' when talking to children about bugs.
  • Translating 'animal' directly as 'seibutsu' instead of 'doubutsu'.
  • Forgetting to add the okurigana 'き' when writing 'ikimono'.
  • Using the verb あります (arimasu) instead of います (imasu) for living creatures.
  • Pronouncing it as 'namamono' (raw food) by mistake.

نکات

Pitch Accent Matters

Pay attention to the pitch accent. 'Seibutsu' is Atamadaka (high on the first syllable). 'Ikimono' is Nakadaka (high in the middle). Incorrect pitch can make you sound unnatural.

Use Okurigana for Clarity

Always write 生き物 when you mean the casual reading. If you just write 生物, readers will assume you mean the academic 'seibutsu'.

School vs. Home

Think of 'seibutsu' as your school word and 'ikimono' as your home word. This simple rule will help you choose the right reading 90% of the time.

Learn Compound Words

Learn words like 微生物 (microorganism) and 海洋生物 (marine life). They always use the 'seibutsu' reading and will rapidly expand your academic vocabulary.

Use 'Imasu' for Existence

Because 生物 refers to living things, always use the verb います (imasu) to state their existence, not あります (arimasu).

Metaphorical Usage

Impress native speakers by using 'ikimono' metaphorically. Describing a chaotic city or a fluctuating market as an 'ikimono' shows advanced language mastery.

Don't Confuse with Namamono

Be careful not to read 生物 as 'namamono'. While written with the same kanji sometimes (usually 生もの), 'namamono' means raw food, which is very different!

Respect for Life

Remember that Japanese culture has a deep respect for all 'ikimono'. Using this word often carries a subtle tone of empathy and care.

Know the Difference with Doubutsu

Never use 生物 when you specifically mean 'animal'. Use 動物 (doubutsu) instead. Save 生物 for when you want to include plants or speak generally.

Watch Documentaries

Watch Japanese nature documentaries. You will hear both 'seibutsu' and 'ikimono' used extensively, which is perfect for training your ear to the context.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Imagine a SAYing (sei) BOOT (butsu) that is actually a living creature. 'Say, boot! Are you a living organism?'

ریشه کلمه

Sino-Japanese origin (for seibutsu). Native Japanese origin (for ikimono).

بافت فرهنگی

Japan has a massive pet culture, and pets are often treated as family members. The word 生き物 is frequently used when discussing the responsibility of owning a pet.

The phrase '生きとし生けるもの' (ikitoshi ikeru mono) is a poetic way to refer to 'all living things' and is often used in prayers or speeches about peace and nature.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"一番好きな生き物は何ですか？ (What is your favorite creature?)"

"高校の時、生物の授業は好きでしたか？ (Did you like biology class in high school?)"

"家で何か生き物を飼っていますか？ (Do you keep any creatures/pets at home?)"

"宇宙に他の生物はいると思いますか？ (Do you think there are other organisms in space?)"

"最近、面白い生き物のドキュメンタリーを見ましたか？ (Have you seen any interesting nature documentaries recently?)"

موضوعات نگارش

Write about a time you found an interesting 生き物 in your garden or neighborhood.

Discuss your opinion on the importance of protecting 海洋生物 (marine life).

Explain the difference between 生物 and 動物 in your own words.

If you could discover a new 生物, what would it look like and what would you name it?

Reflect on the phrase '言葉は生き物' (Language is a living thing). Do you agree?

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Yes, but you should use the reading 'ikimono' (生き物). Saying 'seibutsu' sounds like you are studying your dog in a lab. It is even more natural to just say '動物' (doubutsu - animal) or '犬' (inu - dog). 'Ikimono' is great when talking about pets in general.

Yes, absolutely. A tree is a plant (植物), and all plants fall under the category of 生物 (seibutsu). However, in casual conversation, people don't usually point at a tree and call it an 'ikimono', as 'ikimono' implies movement to most people.

生物 (seibutsu) is the overarching category for all living things, including plants, fungi, and bacteria. 動物 (doubutsu) specifically means 'animal'. Therefore, all animals are seibutsu, but not all seibutsu are animals.

Writing it as 生き物 with the hiragana 'き' (okurigana) clarifies that the intended reading is 'ikimono' and not 'seibutsu'. It is highly recommended to write it this way in casual contexts to avoid confusion.

Biology is 生物学 (seibutsugaku). The 'gaku' suffix means 'study of' or 'science of'. When used as a school subject, it is often just shortened to 生物 (seibutsu).

Yes, especially the reading 'ikimono'. You can say '言葉は生き物だ' (Language is a living thing) to express that language constantly changes and evolves, just like a living organism.

The direct opposite is 無生物 (museibutsu), which means inanimate object. The prefix 無 (mu) means 'none' or 'without'.

The concept is basic, but the specific kanji compound 生物 is typically introduced around the JLPT N4 or N3 level. However, the casual word 生き物 (ikimono) is very common and useful even for beginners.

There is no single counter for the word itself. You must use the counter appropriate for the specific type of creature you are counting. Use 匹 (hiki) for small animals/bugs, 頭 (tou) for large animals, and 株 (kabu) for plants.

Biologically speaking, yes. Humans (人間 - ningen) are a type of 生物. However, in everyday conversation, if you say '生き物', people usually assume you are talking about non-human creatures.

خودت رو بسنج 180 سوال

/ 180 درست

نمره کامل!

محتوای مرتبط

این کلمه در زبان‌های دیگر

organism انگلیسی 生物 چینی
مفید بود؟

نظرات (0)

برای نظر دادن وارد شوید
هنوز نظری وجود ندارد. اولین نفری باشید که افکار خود را به اشتراک می‌گذارد!