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A1 noun #3,800 پرکاربردترین 11 دقیقه مطالعه

호박

hobak رتبه 3,800

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 호박 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 호박 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should learn '호박' (hobak) as a basic noun meaning 'pumpkin' or 'squash'. You will mostly use it when talking about food or shopping. At this stage, don't worry too much about the different types of squash; just focus on recognizing the word in a sentence. You will see it in simple sentences like '호박이 있어요' (There is a pumpkin) or '호박을 사요' (I buy a pumpkin). It is a useful word for basic grocery shopping and identifying common vegetables in Korean side dishes (banchan). You might also see it in children's stories or pictures of farms.

At the A2 level, you can begin to distinguish between the common types of 'hobak'. You should learn '애호박' (aehobak - Korean zucchini) and '단호박' (danhobak - sweet pumpkin). At this level, you will use '호박' in more complex sentences involving cooking and preferences. For example, '저는 호박전을 좋아해요' (I like pan-fried squash). You should also be able to use basic adjectives to describe it, such as '노란 호박' (yellow pumpkin) or '작은 호박' (small squash). Understanding that 'hobak' is a healthy food in Korea is also important at this stage.

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At the B1 level, you should be familiar with the cultural and medicinal associations of '호박'. You will learn that '호박죽' (pumpkin porridge) is a traditional food often eaten for health or during recovery. You should also be able to understand '호박' in the context of recipes, knowing when it refers to a zucchini in a stew or a pumpkin in a dessert. At this level, you might encounter the homonym '호박' meaning 'amber' in a museum or jewelry context. You should be able to use the word in more natural conversations about health, diet, and traditional Korean customs.

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At the B2 level, you should be comfortable with idiomatic expressions involving '호박'. The most common is '호박씨 까다' (to talk behind someone's back). You should also understand the nuance of the saying '호박에 줄 긋는다고 수박 되나', which discusses superficial changes. Your vocabulary should expand to include parts of the plant, such as '호박잎' (pumpkin leaves) and '호박씨' (pumpkin seeds), and how they are used in Korean cuisine. You should be able to discuss the role of 'hobak' in Korean agriculture and its seasonal significance during the harvest and winter months.

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At the C1 level, you should have a deep understanding of the historical and linguistic roots of '호박'. This includes its etymology (the 'Ho' prefix often suggesting a foreign or western origin in historical terms) and its place in Korean folklore, such as the story of 'Heungbu and Nolbu' (though that focuses on 'bak', the connection is relevant). You should be able to use '호박' in sophisticated discussions about traditional medicine (Oriental medicine/Hanbang), specifically its role in 'removing dampness' or reducing edema. You can also distinguish between various technical grades of 'amber' (the gemstone) using more specialized vocabulary.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the C2 level, you should be able to appreciate the use of '호박' in literature, poetry, and high-level social commentary. You understand the subtle social connotations of using 'hobak' as a metaphor for appearance and how that has changed over time. You are capable of reading academic texts or agricultural reports about 'hobak' cultivation and its economic impact. Your mastery includes the ability to use the word in puns, wordplay, and complex metaphors, demonstrating a native-like grasp of both the literal vegetable and the cultural weight the word carries in the Korean language.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

호박 در ۳۰ ثانیه

Hobak means pumpkin, squash, or zucchini depending on the context of the dish.
It is also the Korean word for 'Amber', the fossilized gemstone used in jewelry.
Commonly used in stews (aehobak), porridges (hobak-juk), and fried snacks (hobak-jeon).
It is culturally linked to health, specifically for reducing swelling and aiding recovery.

The Korean word 호박 (Hobak) is a versatile noun that primarily refers to members of the gourd family, encompassing what English speakers distinguish as pumpkins, squashes, and zucchinis. Unlike English, which has specific names for these varieties, Korean often uses 'hobak' as a broad category, though specific prefixes are added to differentiate them in culinary contexts. Understanding 'hobak' requires looking beyond the orange Halloween pumpkin to a world of versatile vegetables used in everything from savory stews to sweet porridges.

Culinary Versatility: In Korean cuisine, 'hobak' is indispensable. It is the star of 'Hobak-juk' (a thick, sweet porridge made from mature pumpkins) and a critical component of 'Doenjang-jjigae' (soybean paste stew) where 'aehobak' (young zucchini) adds a soft, silky texture.

시장에서 싱싱한 호박을 샀어요. (I bought a fresh pumpkin/squash at the market.)

Beyond the kitchen, 'hobak' carries significant cultural weight. Historically, because pumpkins are hardy and grow easily, they were a reliable food source during lean times. This reliability led to its association with health and recovery. For instance, 'hobak-juk' is the go-to meal for patients recovering from surgery because it is believed to reduce swelling and improve digestion. This medicinal perception makes 'hobak' more than just a vegetable; it is a symbol of nourishment and healing in the Korean consciousness.

The Gemstone Connection: It is crucial to note that '호박' is a homonym. While it usually refers to the vegetable, it also means 'Amber' (the fossilized resin). You can distinguish them by context; if someone is talking about jewelry or fossils, they are referring to the gemstone.

그녀는 호박 목걸이를 하고 있어요. (She is wearing an amber necklace.)

In social settings, 'hobak' can be used idiomatically. There is a somewhat harsh saying, '호박에 줄 긋는다고 수박 되나?' which literally translates to 'Does drawing lines on a pumpkin make it a watermelon?' This is used to mock someone who tries to look better or more important through superficial means, suggesting that one's true nature or appearance cannot be easily hidden. While pumpkins are loved for their taste, they are historically used as a metaphor for being 'plain' or 'ugly' in Korean slang, though this is becoming less common in modern polite conversation.

겨울에는 따뜻한 호박죽이 최고예요. (In winter, warm pumpkin porridge is the best.)

Seasonal Availability: While 'aehobak' is available year-round in supermarkets, the large 'neulgeun-hobak' (aged pumpkin) is most prominent in the autumn and winter months, often seen piled up in traditional markets after the harvest.

할머니께서 호박전을 부쳐 주셨어요. (Grandmother fried some pumpkin pancakes for me.)

In summary, 'hobak' is a foundational word in the Korean language that bridges the gap between daily nutrition, traditional medicine, and linguistic idioms. Whether you are ordering a side dish of 'hobak-namul' or admiring an 'amber' artifact in a museum, this word is a key entry point into understanding the Korean environment and lifestyle.

Using 호박 in sentences requires an awareness of the specific type of squash you are referring to, as well as the grammatical particles that define its role. As a noun, it functions simply, but its meaning shifts based on the verbs it pairs with and the context of the conversation.

Subject and Object Markers: When 'hobak' is the subject, use '이' (호박이). When it is the object, use '을' (호박을). For example, '호박이 커요' (The pumpkin is big) vs '호박을 먹어요' (I eat pumpkin).

마트에서 호박을 한 개 샀어요. (I bought one pumpkin/squash at the mart.)

In culinary instructions, you will often see 'hobak' combined with action verbs. '호박을 썰다' (to slice pumpkin) and '호박을 볶다' (to stir-fry pumpkin) are common phrases. Because 'aehobak' (zucchini) is soft, it is often 'sliced' into rounds, whereas the larger 'neulgeun-hobak' is 'peeled' (껍질을 벗기다) and 'seeded' (씨를 파내다).

Compound Nouns: 'Hobak' frequently acts as a modifier in compound nouns. Examples include '호박씨' (pumpkin seeds), '호박잎' (pumpkin leaves - often steamed and eaten as wraps), and '호박색' (amber color).

호박씨를 까서 먹으면 고소해요. (It's nutty if you peel and eat pumpkin seeds.)

When talking about variety, you must use the specific names. If you say '호박을 넣으세요' (Add pumpkin) in a recipe for stew, a Korean person might clarify, '애호박요?' (The zucchini?). Using '단호박' (sweet pumpkin/kabocha) in a sentence usually implies a dessert or a specific healthy salad. Therefore, precision in naming the 'hobak' helps in clear communication.

신데렐라는 호박 마차를 타고 성으로 갔어요. (Cinderella went to the castle in a pumpkin carriage.)

Describing Appearance: Adjectives like '둥글다' (round) and '노랗다' (yellow/orange) are often used with 'hobak'. '둥근 호박' refers to a round squash often used in home cooking.

밭에 커다란 호박이 열렸어요. (A huge pumpkin grew in the field.)

Finally, 'hobak' appears in everyday polite inquiries. '호박 좀 드릴까요?' (Would you like some pumpkin/squash?) is a common offer during a meal. Because it is a healthy food, offering it is seen as a gesture of care. In professional contexts, such as agriculture or trade, '호박' is categorized by its scientific and commercial properties, but for most learners, focusing on its role in the kitchen and in basic descriptions is the most effective path to mastery.

You will encounter the word 호박 in a variety of real-world settings in Korea, ranging from bustling traditional markets to modern cafes and even in the context of plastic surgery clinics.

Traditional Markets (Sijang): Walking through a market like Namdaemun or Gwangjang, you'll hear vendors shouting prices. '호박 한 개에 이천 원!' (One pumpkin for 2,000 won!). You'll see piles of 'neulgeun-hobak' and crates of 'aehobak'.

이 호박 진짜 싱싱해 보이네요. (This pumpkin looks really fresh.)

In Korean restaurants, especially those serving traditional food (Hansik), 'hobak' is a staple in the 'banchan' (side dish) lineup. You will hear servers or diners mention '호박나물' (seasoned squash) or '호박전' (pan-fried squash). It's also a common ingredient in 'Kalguksu' (knife-cut noodles), where thin strips of squash are boiled with the noodles to add sweetness and color.

Health and Beauty Clinics: Surprisingly, you might hear this word in medical contexts. Doctors often recommend 'hobak-jeup' (pumpkin juice) to patients after surgery. It is widely believed in Korea that pumpkin helps '붓기를 빼다' (reduce swelling/edema).

수술 후에 호박즙을 마시면 붓기가 빨리 빠져요. (If you drink pumpkin juice after surgery, the swelling goes down quickly.)

In pop culture and media, 'hobak' appears in variety shows and dramas. Because of the idiom '호박씨 까다' (literally 'peeling pumpkin seeds', meaning to talk behind someone's back), you might hear characters accuse each other of 'peeling pumpkin seeds' when secrets are revealed. This idiomatic use is very common in informal, dramatic dialogue.

뒤에서 호박씨 까는 사람은 믿지 마세요. (Don't trust someone who talks behind your back.)

Jewelry Stores: In high-end boutiques or antique shops, 'hobak' refers to amber. You'll hear descriptions of '천연 호박' (natural amber) used in traditional Korean hairpins (binyeo) or modern rings.

Whether you're grocery shopping, watching a K-drama, or recovering from a procedure, 'hobak' is a word that echoes through the daily lives of Koreans. Its presence in both the literal vegetable sense and the metaphorical idiomatic sense makes it a rich part of the linguistic landscape that any serious learner will hear frequently.

While 호박 seems like a simple noun, English speakers often stumble over its broad application and its homonymous nature. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Korean sound much more natural and precise.

Mistake 1: The 'Zucchini' Confusion: English speakers often look for the word 'zucchini' in a dictionary and find '쥬키니'. However, in Korea, the vegetable most similar to zucchini used in daily cooking is '애호박' (aehobak). If you ask for 'hobak' in a grocery store, they might give you a large pumpkin. If you ask for 'zucchini', they might point you to the imported section. For everyday cooking, use '애호박'.

된장찌개에는 애호박을 넣어야 맛있어요. (It's delicious if you put zucchini/young squash in soybean paste stew.)

Another common mistake is ignoring the context of 'Amber'. Because '호박' means both the vegetable and the gemstone, learners sometimes translate 'Amber necklace' as 'Pumpkin necklace' or vice versa. Always check the surrounding words. If you see '보석' (gem) or '장신구' (ornament), it's definitely amber.

Mistake 2: Misusing Idioms: Using the phrase '호박 같다' (like a pumpkin) to describe someone's face is an insult in Korea, implying they are unattractive. Learners might think it sounds cute or 'round', but it is generally offensive. Be careful with this comparison!

사람 얼굴을 보고 호박 같다고 하면 안 돼요. (You shouldn't say someone's face is like a pumpkin.)

Furthermore, learners often forget that 'hobak' is a countable noun in some contexts but treated as a mass noun in others. When buying, you say '호박 한 개' (one pumpkin). When eating the dish, you just say '호박을 먹다'. Mixing up the counters or markers can lead to slightly awkward phrasing, though usually, people will understand.

Mistake 3: Confusing 'Hobak' with 'O-i' (Cucumber): To a beginner, a green 'aehobak' and a 'cucumber' (오이) might look similar in a sliced dish. However, their taste and usage are completely different. Cucumbers are usually eaten raw or pickled, while 'aehobak' is almost always cooked.

호박과 오이는 맛이 완전히 달라요. (Pumpkin/squash and cucumber taste completely different.)

By being mindful of these distinctions—the specific varieties, the gemstone homonym, and the potential for unintended insults—you can use 'hobak' effectively and accurately in any Korean conversation.

To truly master the use of 호박, it is helpful to understand the words that sit alongside it in the Korean vegetable and gemstone lexicon. These alternatives provide nuance and help you choose the right word for the right situation.

애호박 (Aehobak) vs. 쥬키니 (Jyukini): 'Aehobak' is the tender, thin-skinned young squash central to Korean cuisine. 'Jyukini' refers to the Western zucchini, which is thicker, has a darker green skin, and a slightly more bitter, firm texture. While they can be substituted, 'aehobak' is preferred for stews because it melts into the broth.

한국 요리에는 애호박이 더 잘 어울려요. (Aehobak goes better with Korean food.)

When talking about the large, sweet pumpkins used in desserts, you might use '단호박' (Dan-hobak). This literally means 'sweet pumpkin' and refers to the Kabocha squash. It is much denser and sweeter than the standard 'hobak'. If you are looking for a substitute for American pumpkin pie filling, 'dan-hobak' is your best bet.

박 (Bak) - The Gourd: 'Bak' is the general term for gourds. While 'hobak' is a type of 'bak', the word 'bak' alone often refers to the calabash or bottle gourd, which is traditionally dried and used as a container (bagaji) or in the famous folk tale 'Heungbu and Nolbu'.

흥부는 박을 타서 보물을 얻었어요. (Heungbu sawed the gourd and got treasures.)

In the realm of gemstones, if you want to be more specific than just '호박' (amber), you might use '밀화' (mil-hwa) for opaque yellow amber or '금파' (geum-pa) for transparent golden amber. These terms are used by jewelers to describe the quality and appearance of the stone.

Vegetable Comparisons

오이 (O-i): Cucumber. Crunchy, eaten raw.
가지 (Ga-ji): Eggplant. Spongy, purple skin.
무 (Mu): Radish. Crunchy, white, used in soups.

장바구니에 호박, 오이, 가지를 담았어요. (I put pumpkin, cucumber, and eggplant in the shopping basket.)

By understanding these related terms, you can navigate a Korean grocery store or jewelry shop with confidence. You'll know that while 'hobak' is the general term, specifying 'aehobak' or 'danhobak' will get you exactly what you need for your cooking, and knowing the difference between 'bak' and 'hobak' will help you appreciate Korean folklore and history.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

Pumpkins were introduced to Korea in the 16th or 17th century, likely via the Silk Road or Portuguese traders, which is why it was called a 'foreign gourd'.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK ho.bak

US hoʊ.bɑːk

The stress is equal on both syllables, though the first syllable might be slightly emphasized.

هم‌قافیه با

수박 (subak - watermelon) 박박 (bakbak - sound of scratching) 함박 (hambak - full/large) 도박 (dobak - gambling) 대박 (daebak - jackpot/awesome) 선박 (seonbak - ship) 숙박 (sukbak - lodging) 압박 (apbak - pressure)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing 'ho' as 'hu' (like 'who').
Making the 'k' at the end too explosive.
Pronouncing it as 'obak' by dropping the 'h'.
Using a long 'a' in 'bak' like in 'bake'.
Confusing the pitch with other similar sounding words.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 1/5

The word is short and uses simple phonetics. Very easy to read for beginners.

نوشتن 1/5

Only two syllables with simple consonants and vowels. Easy to write.

صحبت کردن 2/5

Requires clear pronunciation of the 'h' and unreleased 'k', but generally straightforward.

گوش دادن 2/5

Easy to hear, but must be distinguished from 'subak' (watermelon) or 'dobak' (gambling).

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

채소 (vegetable) 먹다 (eat) 시장 (market) 노란색 (yellow) 초록색 (green)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

오이 (cucumber) 가지 (eggplant) 당근 (carrot) 양파 (onion) 감자 (potato)

پیشرفته

이뇨 작용 (diuretic effect) 부종 (edema/swelling) 화석 (fossil) 수지 (resin) 장신구 (ornament)

گرامر لازم

Noun + 이/가 (Subject Marker)

호박이 맛있어요.

Noun + 을/를 (Object Marker)

호박을 사요.

Noun + (으)로 (Material/Means)

호박으로 죽을 만들어요.

Adjective + Noun (Modifier Form)

노란 호박, 작은 호박.

Noun + 한 개, 두 개 (Counting)

호박 세 개 주세요.

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

이것은 호박입니다.

This is a pumpkin.

이것 (this) + 은 (topic marker) + 호박 (pumpkin) + 입니다 (is).

호박이 커요.

The pumpkin is big.

호박 (subject) + 이 (subject marker) + 커요 (is big).

시장에서 호박을 사요.

I buy a pumpkin at the market.

시장 (market) + 에서 (at) + 호박 (object) + 을 (object marker) + 사요 (buy).

호박이 맛있어요.

The pumpkin/squash is delicious.

호박 (subject) + 이 (subject marker) + 맛있어요 (is delicious).

노란 호박 한 개 주세요.

Please give me one yellow pumpkin.

노란 (yellow) + 호박 (pumpkin) + 한 개 (one counter) + 주세요 (please give).

호박이 밭에 있어요.

There is a pumpkin in the field.

밭 (field) + 에 (in) + 있어요 (there is).

저는 호박을 좋아해요.

I like pumpkins.

저 (I) + 는 (topic marker) + 호박 (object) + 을 (object marker) + 좋아해요 (like).

호박이 싸요.

The pumpkin is cheap.

호박 (subject) + 이 (subject marker) + 싸요 (is cheap).

엄마가 호박전을 만드셨어요.

Mom made pan-fried squash.

만드셨어요 is the honorific past tense of 만들다 (to make).

애호박을 찌개에 넣으세요.

Put the zucchini in the stew.

넣으세요 is a polite imperative (command/request).

단호박은 아주 달아요.

The sweet pumpkin (kabocha) is very sweet.

단호박 is a compound noun meaning 'sweet pumpkin'.

호박씨를 먹어 봤어요?

Have you tried eating pumpkin seeds?

-어 보다 indicates trying an action; -았/었/였어요? is past tense question.

이 호박은 너무 무거워요.

This pumpkin is too heavy.

너무 (too) + 무거워요 (is heavy).

호박을 작게 썰어 주세요.

Please slice the pumpkin into small pieces.

작게 (smallly/into small pieces) + 썰어 (slice) + 주세요 (please).

슈퍼마켓에 호박이 없어요.

There are no pumpkins in the supermarket.

없어요 (there is not/don't have).

호박죽이 따뜻하고 맛있어요.

The pumpkin porridge is warm and delicious.

따뜻하고 (warm and) - '고' connects two adjectives.

감기에 걸렸을 때 호박죽을 먹으면 좋아요.

It's good to eat pumpkin porridge when you have a cold.

-을 때 (when) + -으면 (if/when) + 좋아요 (is good).

호박은 비타민이 풍부한 채소예요.

Pumpkin is a vegetable rich in vitamins.

풍부한 (rich/abundant) is an adjective modifying 채소 (vegetable).

이 목걸이는 진짜 호박으로 만들었어요.

This necklace is made of real amber.

으로 (with/of) indicates the material used.

호박잎에 밥을 싸서 먹어 보세요.

Try wrapping rice in pumpkin leaves and eating it.

싸서 (wrap and then) - '서' indicates sequential action.

붓기를 빼는 데는 호박즙이 최고예요.

Pumpkin juice is the best for reducing swelling.

-는 데 (in the act of/for) + 는 (topic marker).

호박 마차는 신데렐라 이야기에 나와요.

The pumpkin carriage appears in the Cinderella story.

나와요 (comes out/appears).

전통 시장에 가면 늙은 호박을 볼 수 있어요.

If you go to a traditional market, you can see aged pumpkins.

-을 수 있다 (can/be able to).

호박을 볶을 때 양파도 같이 넣으세요.

When stir-frying the squash, add onions too.

볶을 때 (when stir-frying) + 같이 (together).

그 사람은 뒤에서 호박씨를 까는 버릇이 있어요.

That person has a habit of talking behind people's backs.

호박씨를 까다 is an idiom for gossiping or acting behind someone's back.

호박에 줄 긋는다고 수박이 되는 건 아니잖아요.

Drawing lines on a pumpkin doesn't make it a watermelon, you know.

-는다고 (even if/saying that) + -는 건 아니다 (is not the case).

호박은 버릴 것이 하나도 없는 유익한 식물입니다.

The pumpkin is a beneficial plant with nothing to throw away.

버릴 것 (thing to throw away) + 하나도 없는 (not even one).

이 장신구에 박힌 보석은 투명한 호박이에요.

The gem set in this ornament is transparent amber.

박힌 (embedded/set) is a passive participle.

가을이 되면 집마다 호박을 말리는 풍경이 보여요.

When autumn comes, you see scenes of pumpkins drying at every house.

말리는 (drying) is a present participle modifying 풍경 (scenery).

호박의 달콤한 맛이 자극적이지 않아서 아이들이 좋아해요.

Children like it because the sweet taste of pumpkin isn't irritating.

자극적이지 않아서 (because it's not stimulating/irritating).

호박을 활용한 다양한 퓨전 요리가 개발되고 있습니다.

Various fusion dishes utilizing pumpkin are being developed.

활용한 (utilizing) + 개발되고 있습니다 (is being developed).

늙은 호박의 속을 파내고 깨끗이 씻어 두세요.

Scoop out the inside of the aged pumpkin and wash it clean.

파내고 (scoop out and) + 씻어 두세요 (wash and keep/leave it).

호박은 예로부터 산후 조리에 탁월한 효능이 있다고 알려져 왔습니다.

Pumpkin has been known since ancient times to have excellent effects on postpartum care.

-어 왔다 (has been doing/state continuing from the past).

호박의 원산지에 대해서는 학자들 사이에서도 의견이 분분합니다.

Among scholars, opinions are divided regarding the origin of the pumpkin.

의견이 분분하다 (opinions are divided/conflicting).

천연 호박 속에는 수천 년 전의 곤충이 그대로 보존되기도 합니다.

In natural amber, insects from thousands of years ago are sometimes preserved as they were.

그대로 (as it is) + 보존되기도 합니다 (is also preserved).

이 소설에서 호박은 민중의 끈질긴 생명력을 상징하는 소재로 쓰였습니다.

In this novel, the pumpkin was used as a motif symbolizing the persistent vitality of the common people.

상징하는 (symbolizing) + 소재 (material/motif).

호박의 베타카로틴 성분은 항암 효과와 면역력 강화에 도움을 줍니다.

The beta-carotene component of pumpkin helps with anti-cancer effects and strengthening immunity.

도움을 줍니다 (gives help/assists).

그는 겉으로는 웃고 있었지만 속으로는 호박씨를 까고 있었다.

He was smiling on the outside, but on the inside, he was being deceitful.

겉으로는... 속으로는... (on the outside... on the inside...).

호박의 품종 개량을 통해 당도를 높인 신품종이 출시되었습니다.

A new variety with increased sugar content through breed improvement of pumpkins has been released.

통해 (through) + 출시되었습니다 (was released).

동양 의학에서 호박은 기운을 북돋우고 이뇨 작용을 돕는 약재로 취급됩니다.

In Eastern medicine, pumpkin is treated as a medicinal ingredient that boosts energy and aids diuresis.

취급됩니다 (is treated/handled).

호박의 투박한 외양 뒤에 숨겨진 달콤함은 한국인의 정서와 닮아 있다.

The sweetness hidden behind the pumpkin's rough appearance resembles the sentiment of the Korean people.

닮아 있다 (resembles/is like - state of similarity).

지질학적 가치가 높은 호박 화석은 고대 생태계를 복원하는 데 결정적인 단서를 제공한다.

Amber fossils with high geological value provide decisive clues for restoring ancient ecosystems.

결정적인 단서 (decisive clue) + 제공한다 (provides).

호박 넝쿨이 담장을 넘어가듯, 그의 명성도 국경을 넘어 퍼져 나갔다.

Just as pumpkin vines climb over a fence, his fame spread across borders.

-듯 (as if/just like).

현대 미술에서 호박은 구사마 야요이의 작품처럼 반복과 무한을 상징하기도 한다.

In modern art, the pumpkin also symbolizes repetition and infinity, as in Yayoi Kusama's works.

반복 (repetition) + 무한 (infinity).

호박의 과육뿐만 아니라 씨앗과 껍질에 함유된 영양 성분에 대한 연구가 활발하다.

Research on the nutritional components contained not only in the pumpkin pulp but also in the seeds and skin is active.

뿐만 아니라 (not only... but also).

그 정치인의 발언은 호박에 줄 긋기 식의 미봉책에 불과하다는 비판을 받았다.

The politician's remarks were criticized as nothing more than a stopgap measure, like drawing lines on a pumpkin.

미봉책 (stopgap measure) + 에 불과하다 (is nothing more than).

호박의 자생력은 척박한 토양에서도 굴하지 않는 민초들의 삶을 투영한다.

The self-sustaining power of the pumpkin reflects the lives of the common people who do not yield even in barren soil.

투영한다 (reflects/projects).

장인의 손길을 거쳐 탄생한 호박 노리개는 그 빛깔이 영롱하기 그지없다.

The amber norigae (traditional ornament) created through a craftsman's touch is unimaginably brilliant in color.

-기 그지없다 (is beyond measure/limitless).

ترکیب‌های رایج

호박을 썰다

호박을 볶다

호박이 달다

호박이 익다

호박을 따다

호박즙을 마시다

호박죽을 끓이다

호박 마차

호박색 눈동자

호박씨를 까다

عبارات رایج

호박전

— Pan-fried squash/zucchini rounds coated in flour and egg.

비 오는 날에는 호박전이 생각나요.

호박나물

— A side dish made of stir-fried or steamed squash.

비빔밥에 호박나물을 넣으세요.

호박엿

— Traditional Korean pumpkin taffy/candy.

울릉도 호박엿이 유명해요.

호박범벅

— A thick stew/porridge made with pumpkin and various beans or grains.

엄마가 해주신 호박범벅은 정말 든든해요.

호박꽃

— Pumpkin flower; sometimes used to mock someone's appearance.

호박꽃도 꽃이라는 말이 있어요.

호박씨

— Pumpkin seeds; often eaten as a snack.

호박씨에는 영양분이 많아요.

호박잎

— Pumpkin leaves; used for wraps (ssam).

여름에는 호박잎 쌈이 별미예요.

호박 보석

— Amber gemstone.

그녀는 호박 보석 반지를 끼고 있어요.

호박 덩굴

— Pumpkin vine.

호박 덩굴이 마당을 덮었어요.

호박 속

— The inside/flesh of a pumpkin.

호박 속을 숟가락으로 파내세요.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

호박 vs 수박

Watermelon. Both are large fruits/vegetables ending in 'bak', but flavors are opposite.

호박 vs 오이

Cucumber. Both are green vegetables, but usage in cooking differs significantly.

호박 vs 도박

Gambling. Sounds slightly similar but unrelated in meaning.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"호박씨 까다"

— To talk behind someone's back or do something sneaky while appearing innocent.

얌전한 사람이 뒤에서 호박씨 깐다더니 정말이네.

informal

"호박에 줄 긋는다고 수박 되나"

— Changing the appearance doesn't change the essence; usually used to mock someone's looks.

화장을 아무리 진하게 해도 호박에 줄 긋는다고 수박 되니?

informal/harsh

"호박이 넝쿨째 굴러온다"

— To have a huge stroke of good luck or an unexpected windfall.

복권에 당첨되다니, 호박이 넝쿨째 굴러왔구나!

neutral

"호박꽃도 꽃이다"

— Even something unattractive has its own value or beauty.

나도 나름대로 매력이 있어. 호박꽃도 꽃이라고 하잖아.

informal

"호박국에 발가락"

— Something that is completely out of place or mismatched.

그 옷에 그 가방은 호박국에 발가락 같은 조합이야.

slang/rare

"호박 웃음"

— A broad, bright, and hearty smile (like a wide pumpkin).

그는 호박 웃음을 지으며 나를 반겼다.

literary

"호박 속 같다"

— To be soft-hearted or easily persuaded.

그는 마음이 호박 속 같아서 거절을 못 해.

informal

"호박 따러 가다"

— Sometimes used as a euphemism for going to the bathroom (rare/humorous).

잠시 호박 좀 따러 갔다 올게.

slang

"호박 머리"

— A person who is a bit slow or dull-witted (informal insult).

이 호박 머리야, 이것도 이해 못 하니?

informal

"호박을 잡다"

— To get something valuable or a good opportunity.

이번 계약을 따낸 건 정말 큰 호박을 잡은 거야.

informal

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

호박 vs 애호박

Often just called 'hobak' in recipes.

Specifically the young, green zucchini-like squash.

된장찌개에는 애호박을 넣으세요.

호박 vs 단호박

Often just called 'hobak' in dessert contexts.

Specifically the sweet kabocha squash.

단호박 찜이 정말 맛있어요.

호박 vs 쥬키니

Direct loanword for zucchini.

Used for Western-style zucchini, distinct from the Korean 'aehobak'.

라따뚜이에는 쥬키니가 들어가요.

호박 vs 박

General category for gourds.

Usually refers to the white-fleshed bottle gourd used for containers.

박 속을 긁어서 나물을 만들어요.

호박 vs 오이

Visual similarity when sliced.

Cucumber is watery and crunchy; squash is soft and savory when cooked.

오이는 생으로 먹지만 호박은 익혀 먹어요.

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

N이/가 있어요

호박이 있어요.

N을/를 좋아해요

호박을 좋아해요.

N으로 V

호박으로 전을 만들어요.

Adj-ㄴ N

달콤한 호박.

V-을 때 N

아플 때 호박죽을 먹어요.

N-은/는 N-에 좋아요

호박은 건강에 좋아요.

N-에 불과하다

그건 호박에 줄 긋기에 불과해요.

N-은/는 N-로 알려져 있다

호박은 부종 제거에 탁월하다고 알려져 있다.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

애호박 (young squash)

단호박 (sweet pumpkin)

늙은 호박 (aged pumpkin)

호박씨 (pumpkin seed)

호박죽 (pumpkin porridge)

호박전 (squash pancake)

호박즙 (pumpkin juice)

호박꽃 (pumpkin flower)

فعل‌ها

호박을 심다 (to plant pumpkin)

호박을 키우다 (to grow pumpkin)

호박을 수확하다 (to harvest pumpkin)

صفت‌ها

호박색의 (amber-colored)

호박 같은 (pumpkin-like/ugly)

مرتبط

오이 (cucumber)

가지 (eggplant)

박 (gourd)

수박 (watermelon)

참외 (oriental melon)

برای دیدن همه مثال‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

نحوه استفاده

frequency

Very high in culinary and health-related contexts.

اشتباهات رایج

Using '호박' as a romantic pet name. → Use '자기야' or '여보'.
Calling your partner 'pumpkin' in English is sweet, but in Korean, it implies they are ugly.
Asking for 'zucchini' (쥬키니) for a Korean stew. → Ask for 'aehobak' (애호박).
Western zucchini is firmer and less sweet than the Korean variety used in stews.
Confusing '호박' (amber) with '보석' (gem) as a general term. → Use '호박' only for the specific yellow resin stone.
Learners sometimes think 'hobak' is a general word for 'gem' because they see it in jewelry contexts.
Pronouncing it as 'Ho-bag'. → Pronounce it as 'Ho-bak'.
The final consonant is a 'k' sound, not a 'g' sound.
Thinking '호박죽' is always a dessert. → It is often eaten as a main meal for health.
In the West, pumpkin is for pie; in Korea, it is a nutritional powerhouse for main meals.

نکات

Learn the Prefixes

Always learn 'ae-', 'dan-', and 'neulgeun-' along with 'hobak'. It will save you from buying the wrong vegetable at the supermarket!

Porridge for Health

If a Korean friend is sick or has just had surgery, bringing them 'hobak-juk' (pumpkin porridge) is a very thoughtful and culturally appropriate gesture.

Counting Pumpkins

Use the counter '개' (gae) for pumpkins. '호박 한 개' (one pumpkin), '호박 두 개' (two pumpkins).

Soft 'K' Ending

The final 'k' in 'hobak' should be soft. Don't release a big puff of air; just stop the sound at the back of your throat.

Salt First

When making 'hobak-jeon' (pancakes), lightly salt the sliced squash first to draw out moisture. This makes the pancakes crispier!

Don't Peel Seeds

If someone says you are 'peeling pumpkin seeds', they are accusing you of gossiping. Be careful how you use this idiom!

Amber vs. Squash

If 'hobak' is followed by '반지' (ring) or '목걸이' (necklace), it's amber. If it's followed by '죽' (porridge) or '전' (pancake), it's a vegetable.

The 'Ho' Prefix

In many Korean words, 'Ho' (胡) refers to things that came from the West or Central Asia. Think of it as 'exotic' or 'imported' in a historical sense.

Climbing Vines

The word '넝쿨' (neong-kul) or '덩굴' (deong-gul) often appears with 'hobak' to describe the vines. It's a common image in Korean rural poetry.

Market Bargains

Pumpkins are very cheap in late autumn. This is the best time to buy 'neulgeun-hobak' to make a big batch of porridge for the winter.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of a 'Ho' (hoe) used in a 'Bak' (back) garden to grow a pumpkin. Or, imagine a 'Hobbit' eating 'Bak' (back) at home with a pumpkin.

تداعی تصویری

Picture a bright orange pumpkin being used as a 'jewelry box' for golden 'amber' stones. Both are 'hobak'!

شبکه واژگان

Vegetable Amber Stew (Jjigae) Porridge (Juk) Cinderella Swelling (Buki) Orange Zucchini

چالش

Try to go to a Korean market and find three different things called 'hobak'. (Hint: look for zucchini, sweet pumpkin, and amber jewelry!)

ریشه کلمه

The word '호박' is composed of '호' (胡), meaning 'foreign' or 'barbarian' (historically referring to regions west of China), and '박', which means 'gourd'. It reflects the vegetable's introduction to Korea from abroad.

معنای اصلی: A foreign gourd or a gourd from the west.

Sino-Korean (mostly, though 'bak' is often considered native).

بافت فرهنگی

Avoid using 'hobak' to describe a person's face, as it is a common way to call someone ugly.

While English speakers think of Jack-o'-lanterns, Koreans think of 'Doenjang-jjigae' and health juices.

The fairy tale 'Cinderella' (호박 마차) The folk tale 'Heungbu and Nolbu' (related gourd culture) Yayoi Kusama's famous 'Pumpkin' art installations in Korea

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

At a Grocery Store

호박 한 개에 얼마예요?
싱싱한 애호박 있어요?
단호박은 어디에 있나요?
제일 큰 호박으로 주세요.

Cooking at Home

호박을 얇게 썰어주세요.
찌개에 호박을 넣을까요?
호박전 부쳐 먹자.
호박 껍질을 벗겨야 해요.

Discussing Health

호박이 붓기 빼는 데 좋대요.
호박죽은 소화가 잘 돼요.
호박즙을 매일 마시고 있어요.
비타민을 위해 호박을 먹어요.

Jewelry Shopping

이게 진짜 호박인가요?
호박 목걸이가 참 예쁘네요.
천연 호박은 색이 영롱해요.
호박 반지를 보여주세요.

Fairy Tales/Stories

호박이 마차로 변했어요.
밭에 큰 호박이 열렸어요.
할머니가 호박을 따러 가요.
호박 속에 보물이 들어있을까?

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"호박 요리 중에서 어떤 것을 가장 좋아하세요?"

"한국에서는 수술 후에 왜 호박즙을 마시는지 아세요?"

"단호박 라떼를 마셔본 적이 있나요?"

"호박씨를 직접 까서 먹어본 적이 있어요?"

"신데렐라의 호박 마차가 실제로 있다면 어떨까요?"

موضوعات نگارش

오늘 시장에서 본 호박의 종류에 대해 써보세요.

호박죽을 처음 먹었을 때의 느낌을 설명해 보세요.

내가 만약 호박 마차를 가진다면 어디로 가고 싶은지 적어보세요.

호박씨를 까는 사람(gossiper)을 만났을 때 어떻게 대처할 것인지 써보세요.

호박이 들어간 나만의 특별한 레시피를 한국어로 써보세요.

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

No, it is a broad term. In a Korean kitchen, it most often means 'aehobak' (zucchini). In a jewelry store, it means 'amber'. You have to look at the context to be sure. If you are eating soup, it's a vegetable. If you are looking at a necklace, it's a gemstone.

Definitely not. In English, 'pumpkin' can be a pet name, but in Korean, '호박' is used to describe someone who is unattractive. It's best to avoid calling people 'hobak' unless you are very close and joking, or if you want to be mean.

Ae-hobak is a young, green, soft squash used in savory stews. Dan-hobak is a mature, sweet, hard-skinned kabocha squash used for porridges, salads, and desserts. They cannot usually be swapped in recipes because their sugar levels and textures are very different.

Traditional Korean medicine believes that pumpkins have a strong diuretic effect, which helps the body get rid of excess fluids. This is why it's the most popular natural remedy for reducing swelling (edema) after plastic surgery or childbirth.

Yes! 'Hobak-ip' (pumpkin leaves) are a popular summer delicacy in Korea. They are usually steamed and used as a wrap for rice and a savory soybean paste called 'ssamjang'. They have a unique, slightly fuzzy texture and a deep earthy taste.

The large orange pumpkins used for Halloween are called 'neulgeun-hobak' (aged pumpkin) in Korean. While they are the same species, they are used for food (like porridge) rather than carving in traditional Korean culture.

You say '호박씨' (hobak-ssi). They are a common snack and are also used in traditional Korean medicine to help with digestion and prostate health.

Literally, it means 'to peel pumpkin seeds'. Idiomatically, it means to talk behind someone's back or to act in a way that is different from your innocent appearance. It's like saying someone is 'playing innocent' while doing something sneaky.

Yes, high-quality 'hobak' (amber) jewelry can be quite expensive, especially if it's natural and has a clear golden color. It has been a favorite for traditional Korean ornaments for centuries.

The easiest way is to make 'hobak-bokkeum'. Slice some aehobak into rounds, stir-fry them with a bit of garlic, salt, and sesame oil until they are soft. It's a healthy and delicious side dish that takes only five minutes.

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