§ Basic Use: 'kruh' as a Subject or Object
'Kruh' is a masculine noun in Slovenian. This means it will change its ending depending on its role in the sentence. Don't worry too much about all the changes right now; we will focus on the most common uses.
When 'kruh' is the subject of a sentence (doing the action), it stays as 'kruh'.
Kruh je dober. (The bread is good.)
Kruh je svež. (The bread is fresh.)
When 'kruh' is the direct object (receiving the action), it also often stays as 'kruh' in simple sentences.
Jem kruh. (I am eating bread.)
Kupim kruh. (I buy bread.)
§ Asking for Bread: 'prosim' (please)
You will definitely want to know how to ask for bread. Use 'prosim' (please).
Kruh, prosim. (Bread, please.)
En kruh, prosim. (One bread, please. / A loaf of bread, please.)
§ Prepositions with 'kruh'
Prepositions tell us about the relationship between words. Here are some common ones you might use with 'kruh'.
- With 's' (with)
- When you use 's' (meaning 'with'), 'kruh' changes to 'kruhom'. This is an instrumental case ending.
Jem juho s kruhom. (I am eating soup with bread.)
Maslo s kruhom. (Butter with bread.)
- With 'za' (for)
- When you use 'za' (meaning 'for'), 'kruh' usually stays as 'kruh' in this context.
To je za kruh. (This is for bread.)
- With 'brez' (without)
- When you use 'brez' (meaning 'without'), 'kruh' changes to 'kruha'. This is a genitive case ending.
Kava brez kruha. (Coffee without bread.)
§ Useful Phrases with 'kruh'
Here are a few practical phrases you can use right away.
Imate kruh? (Do you have bread?)
Želim si kruh. (I want bread.)
Potrebujem kruh. (I need bread.)
Notice how in these phrases, 'kruh' mostly stays in its basic form. This is common for direct objects in many simple sentences.
§ Understanding 'Kruh' - Bread in Slovenian
The Slovenian word for bread is kruh. It's a fundamental noun that you'll use often. Like in English, 'kruh' refers to the staple food made from flour, water, and yeast. However, there are a few nuances and common mistakes English speakers make when learning this word.
- Slovenian Word
- kruh
- Definition
- bread
- CEFR Level
- A1
§ Common Mistakes with 'Kruh'
Here are the most frequent errors people make when using 'kruh' and how to avoid them.
Mistake 1: Confusing 'kruh' with specific types of bread. In English, we often say 'a bread' when referring to a loaf. In Slovenian, 'kruh' generally refers to the food item in general, or a loaf of bread. If you want to specify 'a piece of bread' or 'a slice of bread', you'll need additional words.
Želim kruh. (I want bread.)
Prosim, eno rezino kruha. (Please, one slice of bread.)
Mistake 2: Incorrectly applying English plural rules. Just like 'bread' in English is usually an uncountable noun, 'kruh' in Slovenian is also generally uncountable when referring to the substance. You wouldn't say 'two breads' for two loaves. You would say 'dva hleba kruha' (two loaves of bread).
Potrebujem kruh za večerjo. (I need bread for dinner.)
Kupil sem dva hleba kruha. (I bought two loaves of bread.)
Mistake 3: Overlooking the genitive case. Slovenian uses grammatical cases, and 'kruh' will change its ending. For instance, after prepositions like 'brez' (without) or when indicating possession, you'll use the genitive form 'kruha'.
Sem brez kruha. (I am without bread.)
Okus kruha je odličen. (The taste of the bread is excellent.)
Mistake 4: Direct translation of idioms. English has many idioms with 'bread' (e.g., 'bread and butter'). Do not assume these translate directly into Slovenian. Slovenian will have its own unique expressions.
To je moj vsakdanji kruh. (This is my daily bread - meaning, my livelihood.)
نکته جالب
The word 'kruh' is a cognate with words like 'krak' (cracker) in English, hinting at its shared linguistic roots.
سطح دشواری
short, common word
short, straightforward spelling
single syllable, common pronunciation
clear sound, easily recognizable
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
مثالها بر اساس سطح
Za zajtrk običajno jem kruh z maslom.
For breakfast, I usually eat bread with butter.
Prosim, kupi mi en hlebec kruha v trgovini.
Please buy me a loaf of bread in the store.
Ali imaš raje beli ali črni kruh?
Do you prefer white or dark bread?
Kruh je osnovna hrana v mnogih kulturah.
Bread is a basic food in many cultures.
Pekli so svež kruh v krušni peči.
They baked fresh bread in the bread oven.
Nareži mi nekaj rezin kruha, prosim.
Slice me some slices of bread, please.
Kruh s sirom je moja najljubša malica.
Bread with cheese is my favorite snack.
Včeraj sem spekel svoj kruh doma.
Yesterday I baked my own bread at home.
Kruh je osnovna hrana v mnogih kulturah.
Bread is a basic food in many cultures.
Vsako jutro jemo svež kruh z maslom.
Every morning we eat fresh bread with butter.
Ali imate polnozrnat kruh?
Do you have whole wheat bread?
Za večerjo sem spekel domač kruh.
I baked homemade bread for dinner.
Prosim, podajte mi kruh.
Please, pass me the bread.
Brez kruha je kosilo nepopolno.
Without bread, lunch is incomplete.
Otroci so pojedli ves kruh.
The children ate all the bread.
Ta pekarna ima najboljši kruh v mestu.
This bakery has the best bread in town.
Kruh je bil včeraj pečen, danes pa je že trd.
The bread was baked yesterday, but today it is already hard.
Past participle 'pečen' (baked) agrees in gender and number with 'kruh' (masculine singular).
Za dober kruh potrebujemo kakovostno moko in dober kvas.
For good bread, we need quality flour and good yeast.
Genitive case used after preposition 'za' (for) and 'od' (of).
Nekateri ljudje raje jedo bel kruh, drugi pa črnega.
Some people prefer to eat white bread, while others prefer dark bread.
Adjectives 'bel' (white) and 'črn' (dark) agree in gender and number with 'kruh' (masculine singular).
Mama je vsak dan gnetla kruh, dokler ni bil popoln.
Mom kneaded bread every day until it was perfect.
Imperfect tense 'gnetla' (kneaded) indicates a repeated action in the past.
Kruh je osnovna hrana v mnogih kulturah po svetu.
Bread is a basic food in many cultures around the world.
Preposition 'v' (in) followed by locative case 'kulturah' (cultures).
Ali ste poskusili tisti sveže pečen kruh iz pekarne?
Have you tried that freshly baked bread from the bakery?
Past participle 'pečen' (baked) functions as an adjective here.
Vonj po svežem kruhu se je razširil po celi hiši.
The smell of fresh bread spread throughout the whole house.
Genitive case 'kruhu' (bread) used after 'vonj po' (smell of).
Brez kruha in vode ne moremo dolgo preživeti.
Without bread and water, we cannot survive for long.
Genitive case 'kruha' (bread) and 'vode' (water) used after preposition 'brez' (without).
ریشه کلمه
Proto-Slavic *kruhъ
معنای اصلی: something crumbling or broken
Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavicبافت فرهنگی
<p>Bread, or 'kruh,' is a staple in Slovenian cuisine, often served with every meal. It's more than just food; it's a symbol of hospitality and tradition.</p>
سوالات متداول
10 سوالThe Slovenian word for 'bread' is kruh.
Kruh is a masculine noun in Slovenian.
You can say: Jaz jem kruh. (I eat bread.) or To je kruh. (This is bread.)
The plural of kruh (bread) is kruhi (loaves of bread) or often you'll hear kruha when talking about different kinds of bread (e.g., Dva kruha prosim. - Two loaves of bread please.).
Yes, absolutely! Slovenia has many types of bread. You'll find words like beli kruh (white bread), črni kruh (dark/rye bread), and polnozrnati kruh (whole grain bread).
You can say: Prosim, en kruh. (One bread, please.) or Bi lahko dobil kruh? (Could I have bread?).
Kruh refers to a whole loaf of bread. Žemlja is a bread roll or bun, typically smaller and individual.
Yes, for example, Dober kot kruh. (Good as bread.) means something is very good or essential.
It's pronounced closer to 'kroo-kh', with the 'kh' sound similar to the 'ch' in Scottish 'loch'.
Yes, bread is a staple in Slovenian cuisine and is eaten with most meals.
خودت رو بسنج 54 سوال
Jaz jem ___ za zajtrk.
The sentence means 'I eat ___ for breakfast.' 'Kruh' means bread, which fits the context of breakfast.
Prosim, podaj mi ___.
The sentence means 'Please, pass me ___.' 'Kruh' (bread) is a common item to ask someone to pass.
Ali imate svež ___?
The sentence means 'Do you have fresh ___?' 'Kruh' (bread) is often bought fresh.
Rad imam ___ z maslom.
The sentence means 'I like ___ with butter.' 'Kruh' (bread) is commonly eaten with butter.
Za večerjo imamo juho in ___.
The sentence means 'For dinner, we have soup and ___.' 'Kruh' (bread) is a typical accompaniment to soup.
Otrok je pojedel cel kos ___.
The sentence means 'The child ate a whole piece of ___.' 'Kruha' is the genitive case of 'kruh' (bread), meaning 'of bread', which is correct after 'kos' (piece).
Write a short sentence saying you want some bread.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
Želim kruh. (I want bread.)
Write a simple sentence stating 'This is bread.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
To je kruh. (This is bread.)
Translate 'I like bread' into Slovenian.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
Rad imam kruh. (I like bread.)
What is good?
این متن را بخوانید:
To je kruh. Kruh je dober.
What is good?
The passage states 'Kruh je dober,' meaning 'Bread is good.'
The passage states 'Kruh je dober,' meaning 'Bread is good.'
Who eats bread in the passage?
این متن را بخوانید:
Jaz jem kruh. Ti ješ kruh.
Who eats bread in the passage?
'Jaz jem kruh' means 'I eat bread,' and 'Ti ješ kruh' means 'You eat bread.'
'Jaz jem kruh' means 'I eat bread,' and 'Ti ješ kruh' means 'You eat bread.'
What does Mama have?
این متن را بخوانید:
Mama ima kruh. Oče ima tudi kruh.
What does Mama have?
The passage says 'Mama ima kruh,' meaning 'Mom has bread.'
The passage says 'Mama ima kruh,' meaning 'Mom has bread.'
Jaz ponavadi jem ___, ko sem lačen.
The sentence translates to 'I usually eat bread when I'm hungry.' 'Kruh' means bread, which fits the context of being hungry.
Ali imate prosim ___ in maslo?
The sentence means 'Do you have bread and butter, please?' 'Kruh' is the correct word for bread.
Za zajtrk pogosto jemo ___ z marmelado.
The sentence translates to 'For breakfast, we often eat bread with jam.' 'Kruh' is the appropriate word for bread in this context.
Potrebujem ___ za sendvič.
The sentence means 'I need bread for a sandwich.' 'Kruh' is the correct ingredient.
Ali lahko kupim svež ___ v pekarni?
The sentence translates to 'Can I buy fresh bread at the bakery?' 'Kruh' (bread) is what you typically buy at a bakery.
Otroci so prosili za dodaten kos ___.
The sentence means 'The children asked for an extra piece of bread.' 'Kruh' fits the context of something edible.
Choose the correct sentence: My mother bakes bread.
'Moja mama peče kruh' correctly translates 'My mother bakes bread' with the subject-verb-object order typical in Slovenian, and 'kruh' in the accusative case as the direct object.
Which word is the Slovenian equivalent for 'bread'?
'Kruh' is the direct translation of 'bread' in Slovenian.
Complete the sentence: 'Za zajtrk jemo ____.' (For breakfast we eat ____.)
In Slovenian, 'kruh' is a common food eaten for breakfast, fitting the context of the sentence.
The word 'kruh' is feminine in Slovenian.
The word 'kruh' is masculine in Slovenian.
You can say 'Prosim za kruh' to ask for bread.
'Prosim za kruh' is a grammatically correct way to ask for bread in Slovenian, using 'za' with the accusative case.
The plural form of 'kruh' is 'kruhi'.
While 'kruh' is a masculine noun, its plural form in the nominative case is 'kruhi' for countable loaves, but 'kruh' often refers to the uncountable mass of bread. However, the common plural for distinct loaves would be 'kruhi' in the nominative. For A2, it's more direct to focus on the common usage which often treats bread as uncountable, making 'kruhi' less frequently used in general context for 'bread' as a food item.
The standard word order in Slovenian is Subject-Verb-Object, but for simple sentences like this, placing the verb first is also common and natural. 'Jem' (I eat) comes first, followed by 'kruh' (bread), and then 'zjutraj' (in the morning).
'Ali' introduces a yes/no question. 'Imaš rad' means 'do you like', and 'svež kruh' is 'fresh bread'. The adjective 'svež' (fresh) comes before the noun 'kruh'.
'Kupila sem' (I bought) is followed by the object 'polnozrnati kruh' (whole wheat bread). 'V trgovini' (in the store) specifies the location.
Imagine you are at a Slovenian market. Describe what kind of bread you would buy and why. Include details about its appearance, smell, and what you plan to eat it with.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
Na slovenski tržnici bi iskal/iskala sveže pečen kmečki kruh. Želim tistega s hrustljavo skorjo in mehko sredico, ki diši po domači peki. Kupil/a bi ga, ker ga želim jesti z maslom in sirom za zajtrk.
Write a short paragraph about the cultural significance of bread in Slovenia. Consider traditions, holidays, and everyday life.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
Kruh ima v Sloveniji globoko kulturno vlogo, ki presega zgolj hrano. Je simbol gostoljubja, tradicije in družinskih vezi. Na praznikih, kot je božič, pogosto pripravljamo poseben kruh, ki simbolizira blaginjo. Tudi v vsakdanjem življenju je svež kruh nepogrešljiv del obrokov in druženja.
You are explaining to a friend why homemade bread is often preferred over store-bought bread in Slovenia. What arguments would you use?
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
Prijatelju bi razložil/a, da je domač kruh v Sloveniji pogosto bolj priljubljen, ker je okusnejši in bolj svež. Ljudje verjamejo, da so sestavine v domačem kruhu boljše kakovosti, poleg tega pa je to tudi del slovenske tradicionalne kuhinje. Domači kruh preprosto nima konkurence pri vonju in teksturi.
Kateri kruh je posebej priljubljen in kako je narejen?
این متن را بخوانید:
V Sloveniji obstajajo številne pekarne, ki ponujajo različne vrste kruha. Od rženega do belega, z dodanimi semeni ali brez, vsakdo najde nekaj zase. Posebno priljubljen je t.i. 'kmečki kruh', ki je narejen po tradicionalnih receptih in pečen v krušni peči. Mnogi Slovenci še vedno pečejo kruh doma, še posebej na podeželju, saj verjamejo, da je domač kruh najboljši.
Kateri kruh je posebej priljubljen in kako je narejen?
V besedilu piše, da je 'kmečki kruh' posebej priljubljen in da je narejen po tradicionalnih receptih ter pečen v krušni peči.
V besedilu piše, da je 'kmečki kruh' posebej priljubljen in da je narejen po tradicionalnih receptih ter pečen v krušni peči.
Zakaj je kruh pomemben pri tradicionalnih slovenskih obrokih?
این متن را بخوانید:
Tradicionalni slovenski obroki pogosto vključujejo kruh kot osnovno prilogo. Na primer, pri enolončnicah in golažu se kruh uporablja za pomakanje omake. Tudi za zajtrk in večerjo je svež kruh z maslom in marmelado ali namazom zelo pogost. Kruh v Sloveniji ni le hrana, ampak tudi simbol gostoljubja, saj se goste pogosto pozdravi s kruhom in soljo.
Zakaj je kruh pomemben pri tradicionalnih slovenskih obrokih?
V besedilu je navedeno, da se kruh uporablja za pomakanje omake pri jedeh, kot so enolončnice in golaž, ter da je simbol gostoljubja, saj se z njim pozdravlja goste.
V besedilu je navedeno, da se kruh uporablja za pomakanje omake pri jedeh, kot so enolončnice in golaž, ter da je simbol gostoljubja, saj se z njim pozdravlja goste.
Kaj je ključnega pomena za slovenskega potrošnika pri izbiri kruha?
این متن را بخوانید:
Pekarne v večjih mestih in manjših krajih ponujajo širok izbor kruha, ki odraža tako sodobne trende kot tudi bogato pekovsko tradicijo. Nekatere pekarne se specializirajo za brezglutenske izdelke, medtem ko druge ohranjajo stare recepte za kisli kruh ali potico. Ne glede na to, kje kupujete, je kakovost in svežina ključnega pomena za slovenskega potrošnika. Posebno cenjen je kruh iz lokalnih sestavin.
Kaj je ključnega pomena za slovenskega potrošnika pri izbiri kruha?
V besedilu piše, da sta 'kakovost in svežina ključnega pomena za slovenskega potrošnika' in da je 'posebno cenjen kruh iz lokalnih sestavin'.
V besedilu piše, da sta 'kakovost in svežina ključnega pomena za slovenskega potrošnika' in da je 'posebno cenjen kruh iz lokalnih sestavin'.
Pekarna je dišala po sveže pečenem ___.
The sentence means 'The bakery smelled of freshly baked bread.' 'Kruhu' is the dative case of 'kruh' (bread), which is required after the preposition 'po' (of/after) when indicating the object of smell.
Za zajtrk sem si namazal marmelado na rezino ___ in popil kavo.
The sentence means 'For breakfast, I spread jam on a slice of bread and drank coffee.' 'Kruha' is the genitive case of 'kruh' (bread), used after 'rezino' (a slice of).
Na mizi je bil koš s celim ___ in maslom.
The sentence means 'On the table was a basket with a whole loaf of bread and butter.' 'Kruhom' is the instrumental case of 'kruh' (bread), which is used after the preposition 's' (with).
Nekatere kulture menijo, da je ___ simbol življenja in blaginje.
The sentence means 'Some cultures believe that bread is a symbol of life and prosperity.' 'Kruha' is the genitive case of 'kruh' (bread), used as the subject of the sentence in a general sense when referring to the concept of bread.
Stari recept za to juho zahteva, da se postreže s hrustljavim, domačim ___.
The sentence means 'The old recipe for this soup requires it to be served with crispy, homemade bread.' 'Kruhom' is the instrumental case of 'kruh' (bread), used after the preposition 's' (with).
Peka ___ je včasih bil vsakodnevni obred v slovenskih gospodinjstvih.
The sentence means 'Baking bread used to be a daily ritual in Slovenian households.' 'Kruha' is the genitive case of 'kruh' (bread), as it is the object of the verb 'peka' (baking).
Kateri izmed naštetih živil ni običajno sestavina za pripravo tradicionalnega slovenskega kruha?
Tradicionalni slovenski kruh je narejen iz moke, vode, kvasa in soli, riž ni tipična sestavina.
V katerem kontekstu bi najpogosteje slišali frazo 'zaslužiti si svoj kruh'?
Fraza 'zaslužiti si svoj kruh' pomeni 'zaslužiti si za življenje' ali 'trdo delati za preživetje'.
Katera izmed spodnjih trditev najbolje opisuje vlogo kruha v slovenski kulturi?
Kruh je v Sloveniji več kot le hrana; simbolizira dom, družino in preživetje.
Slovenska beseda 'kruh' se uporablja samo za hlebec narejen iz pšenične moke.
Beseda 'kruh' se uporablja za različne vrste kruha, ne le pšeničnega, na primer rženi kruh ali koruzni kruh.
V Sloveniji je običajno, da se kruh postreže z vsakim obrokom, vključno z zajtrkom, kosilom in večerjo.
Kruh je sestavni del večine slovenskih obrokov, pogosto se postreže kot priloga ali osnova.
Izraz 'bel kot kruh' se v slovenščini uporablja za opis nečesa, kar je zelo temno.
Izraz 'bel kot kruh' se uporablja za opis nečesa, kar je zelo belo, podobno kot 'white as bread' v angleščini pomeni 'zelo bel'.
The sound of bread baking in a traditional oven.
A discussion about the significance of bread in Slovenian culture.
Economists analyzed the impact of bread prices.
این را بلند بخوانید:
Kakšne so vaše refleksije o vplivu globalizacije na lokalne tradicije peke kruha?
تمرکز: globalizacije, tradicije, peke
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
Pojasnite metaforične konotacije 'kruha' v slovenski literaturi in ljudskih izrekih.
تمرکز: metaforične, konotacije, izrekih
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
Razpravljajte o etičnih dilemah, povezanih z distribucijo in dostopnostjo kruha v območjih s pomanjkanjem hrane.
تمرکز: etičnih, dilemah, distribucijo, dostopnostjo
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
/ 54 درست
نمره کامل!
محتوای مرتبط
این کلمه در زبانهای دیگر
عبارات مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر food
hrana
A1food
jabolko
A1apple
jajce
A1an oval or round object laid by a female bird
jesti
A1to eat
juha
A1a liquid dish, typically made by boiling meat or vegetables
kava
A1coffee
krompir
A1an edible starchy tuber used as a vegetable
kuhati
A1to prepare food by combining and heating ingredients
maslo
A1a pale yellow edible fatty substance made by churning cream
meso
A1the flesh of an animal used as food
