صفتهای تفضیلی بیقاعده: better, worse, more
better برای چیزای بهتر، worse برای چیزای بدتر، و more برای مقایسه مقدار. با اینا خیلی طبیعیتر حرف میزنی و اشتباهای رایج رو هم نداری.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Forget '-er'! Some common words like 'good' and 'bad' change completely when comparing two things.
- 'Good' never becomes 'gooder'; it always becomes 'better' (e.g., This pizza is better).
- 'Bad' never becomes 'badder'; it always becomes 'worse' (e.g., The weather is worse today).
- 'Much' and 'many' both turn into 'more' to show a larger amount (e.g., I need more water).
مرور کلی
gooder؟ انگار یه بچه کوچولو داره حرف میزنه، مگه نه؟ زبان انگلیسی عاشق قانون و قاعدهست، اما بیشتر از اون عاشقِ شکستنِ اوناست.-er یا more پیروی میکنن. کلمهی tall رو برمیداری و میکنی taller. کلمهی expensive رو برمیداری و میکنی more expensive.Good فقط یه کلاه سرش نمیذاره؛ تکامل پیدا میکنه و میشه better. Bad فقط یه حرف اضافه نمیگیره؛ تبدیل میشه به worse.gooder یا badder، ممکنه چپچپ نگاهت کنن. این کلمات جزو پرکاربردترین کلمات کل زبان انگلیسی هستن.good، bad، far، little و much/many. مسلط شدن به اینا باعث میشه انگلیسیت درجا ۱۰ برابر شیکتر و تمیزتر بشه.این گرامر چطور کار میکنه
-er اضافه میکنیم (fast ← faster). به کلمات بلند more اضافه میکنیم (beautiful ← more beautiful).more good هست. میگی better هست. اگه عمر باتری گوشی قدیمیت بد بوده، اما جدیدیه حتی مشکلسازتره، میگی این worse هست. کلاً کلمه عوض میشه. معنی اصلی همونه، اما شکل کلمه کاملاً تغییر میکنه.than استفاده میکنیم وقتی اسم هر دو چیزی که مقایسه میشن رو میاریم. This coffee is better than the one I had yesterday (این قهوه better از اونیه که دیروز خوردم). اگه از متن معلوم باشه، میتونی than رو حذف کنی.I thought the first movie was good, but the sequel is better (فکر میکردم فیلم اول خوب بود، ولی دنبالهش better هست). این کلمات رو همه جای شبکههای اجتماعی میبینی. مردم همیشه دارن بحث میکنن که کی گیمر better (بهتری) هست یا کدوم سریال پایان worse (بدتری) داره.-er، نه more. فقط از فرم خاصش استفاده کن.الگوی ساخت
good, bad, far).
good ← better
bad ← worse
far ← farther (فاصله فیزیکی) یا further (استعاری/اضافی)
little ← less (برای مقدار/کمیت)
much / many ← more
to be) قرار بده.
than رو اضافه کن.
جدول صرف
| Adjective | Comparative Form | Example Sentence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| :--- | :--- | :--- | ||
good |
better |
My new laptop is better than my old one. |
||
bad |
worse |
The traffic today is worse than yesterday. |
||
far |
farther / further |
The gym is farther than the park. |
||
little |
less |
I have less free time this semester. |
||
much / many |
more |
There are more people at the party tonight. |
کی استفاده کنیم
better هست. داری راجع به کلاسهای زومت (Zoom) حرف میزنی.worse هست. این کلمات کمکت میکنن توی مقایسههای بیپایان زندگی جلو بری.better استفاده کن وقتی چیزی کیفیت بالاتری داره یا موثرتره. I feel better today (سلامتی) یا This app is better than the last one (کارایی).worse استفاده کن وقتی اوضاع خراب میشه. The weather is getting worse یا His singing is worse than I expected.farther یا further برای مسافت استفاده کن. اگه داری کوهنوردی میکنی و کیلومترها راه داری، داری میری farther. اگه داری راجع به یه پروژه بحث میکنی و جزئیات بیشتری لازم داری، نیاز به اطلاعات further داری.less برای چیزهای غیرقابل شمارش مثل زمان، پول، یا نمک استفاده کن. I have less money after the Steam sale.more برای هر چیز دیگهای استفاده کن! این صفت تفضیلی بیقاعده برای هر دو کلمهی much و many هست. I need more followers on Instagram یا This needs more sugar.My skills are better now)، توی ولاگهای سفر برای توصیف مکانها (The beach was further than we thought)، و توی پیامهای معمولی به دوستات ("I'm less busy tonight"). اینا اجتنابناپذیر و ضروری هستن.اشتباهات رایج
more یا -er اضافه کنی.- ✗
This is
more better. - ✓
This is
better.
more better مثل اینه که دو تا عینک آفتابی رو هم بزنی. چیزی رو شفافتر نمیکنه؛ فقط مسخره به نظر میاد.badder هست. توی بعضی متون اسلنگ (مثل متن آهنگها)، ممکنه بشنوی که از badder به معنی «خفنتر» یا «باحالتر» استفاده میشه، اما توی انگلیسی استاندارد، همیشه worse هست. اگه ماشینت خراب شده، وضعیتش worse از دیروزه، نه badder.farther و further حتی برای انگلیسیزبانهای بومی هم رایجه. یه ترفند خوب: farther توش کلمهی far رو داره، که مربوط به فاصله فیزیکیه که میتونی با خطکش اندازه بگیری. Further برای چیزاییه که نمیتونی اندازه بگیری، مثل «بحث بیشتر» (further discussion) یا «پیچیدگیهای بیشتر» (further complications).than رو فراموش نکن. خیلی از آدما اشتباهی از then استفاده میکنن.- ✗
She is better
thenme. - ✓
She is better
thanme.
Then برای زمانه (اول این، then (بعدش) اون). Than برای مقایسهست. اگه اینو اشتباه بگی، پلیسِ گرامر دستگیرت نمیکنه، ولی یه غلط نوشتاری خیلی رایجه که اصلاحش آسونه.مقایسه با الگوهای مشابه
small رو ببینی، میدونی میشه smaller. اگه beautiful رو ببینی، میدونی میشه more beautiful. بیقاعدهها غیرقابل پیشبینیان (wildcards). اونا کل ریشهی کلمه رو عوض میکنن.- تفضیلی (Comparative):
This pizza is
betterthan that one. - عالی (Superlative):
This is the
bestpizza in the city.
Good(Level 1)Better(Level 2 - در برابر یه چیز دیگه)Best(Level 3 - در برابر همه)
as...as هست. این برای وقتیه که چیزها با هم برابرن. My new phone is as good as yours. اینجا، ما از کلمهی پایه (good) استفاده میکنیم، نه فرم تفضیلی بیقاعده (better).سؤالات رایج
میتونم هیچوقت بگم more better؟
نه. هیچوقت. مگه اینکه عمداً بخوای برای شوخی مثل یه بچه کوچولو حرف بزنی. این یه جرم گرامریه.
فرق بین less و fewer چیه؟
از نظر فنی، less برای چیزهای غیرقابل شمارش (آب، زمان) هست و fewer برای چیزهای قابل شمارش (کتاب، آدم). با این حال، توی انگلیسی محاوره مدرن، مردم تقریباً برای همه چی از less استفاده میکنن. ولی توی مقالههای دانشگاهیت از fewer استفاده کن تا استادات رو تحت تاثیر قرار بدی!
آیا worser یه کلمهست؟
ابداً نه. این از اون کلمههاست که اشک معلمهای زبان رو در میاره. بچسب به همون worse.
چطوری farther رو از further تشخیص بدم و یادم بمونه؟
از تست F-A-R استفاده کن. اگه میتونی با کیلومترشمار ماشین یا روی نقشه اندازهش بگیری، farther هست. اگه داری راجع به «بیشتر» بودنِ یه ایده حرف میزنی، further هست.
کلمهی better رسمیه یا غیررسمی؟
هر دو! هم توی پیام واتساپ به صمیمیترین دوستت جواب میده و هم توی گزارش رسمی برای رئیست. یه کلمهی جهانیه.
Irregular Comparative Forms
| Adjective/Adverb | Comparative Form | Opposite Comparative | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Good / Well
|
Better
|
Worse
|
This is better.
|
|
Bad / Badly
|
Worse
|
Better
|
It's getting worse.
|
|
Many (Countable)
|
More
|
Fewer
|
More apples.
|
|
Much (Uncountable)
|
More
|
Less
|
More water.
|
|
Far (Distance)
|
Farther / Further
|
Nearer
|
It's farther away.
|
Meanings
Irregular comparatives are special forms of adjectives and adverbs used to compare two people, things, or actions that do not follow the standard rule of adding '-er' or using 'more' before the word.
Quality Comparison
Using 'better' or 'worse' to describe the standard or level of something compared to another.
“This movie is better than the last one.”
“My headache is worse than it was this morning.”
Quantity Comparison
Using 'more' to indicate a larger number or amount of something.
“I have more books than my brother.”
“We need more time to finish the project.”
Health and Well-being
Using 'better' or 'worse' specifically to describe physical or emotional health.
“I feel much better after taking the medicine.”
“The patient is worse today, unfortunately.”
Reference Table
| شکل پایه | شکل تفضیلی | مثال |
|---|---|---|
|
good
|
better
|
This coffee is better.
|
|
bad
|
worse
|
My headache is worse.
|
|
much (غیرقابل شمارش)
|
more
|
I need more water.
|
|
many (قابل شمارش)
|
more
|
She has more friends.
|
|
a lot of (هردو)
|
more
|
We have more time.
|
طیف رسمیت
The current iteration is superior to the previous one. (Product review)
This version is better than the last one. (Product review)
This one's way better. (Product review)
This one's a total upgrade. (Product review)
صفتهای تفضیلی بیقاعده: کلمات شورشی
خوب
- good شکل مثبت
- better شکل تفضیلی
بد
- bad شکل مثبت
- worse شکل تفضیلی
مقدار
- much / many / a lot of شکل مثبت
- more شکل تفضیلی
صفتهای تفضیلی باقاعده در مقابل بیقاعده
انتخاب صفت تفضیلی درست
آیا کلمه 'good', 'bad', 'much', 'many' یا 'a lot' هست؟
آیا صفت کوتاه هست (1-2 سیلاب، مثلاً 'tall', 'big')؟
آیا صفت طولانی هست (3+ سیلاب، مثلاً 'beautiful', 'difficult')؟
موارد استفاده صفتهای تفضیلی بیقاعده
کیفیت/احساس
- • This coffee is better.
- • I feel worse today.
مقدار
- • I need more sleep.
- • She has more friends.
عملکرد
- • My team played better.
- • The internet got worse.
ترجیحات
- • I like this song better.
- • This option is worse.
مثالها بر اساس سطح
This tea is better.
This tea is better.
I want more water.
I want more water.
The weather is worse.
The weather is worse.
Is it better?
Is it better?
My new job is better than my old job.
My new job is better than my old job.
There are more students in this class.
There are more students in this class.
The traffic is worse on Mondays.
The traffic is worse on Mondays.
Do you have more pens?
Do you have more pens?
I feel much better than I did yesterday.
I feel much better than I did yesterday.
The situation is getting worse and worse.
The situation is getting worse and worse.
We need more information before we decide.
We need more information before we decide.
Is this laptop really better for gaming?
Is this laptop really better for gaming?
The results were even worse than we feared.
The results were even worse than we feared.
There is more to this story than meets the eye.
There is more to this story than meets the eye.
He performs better under pressure.
He performs better under pressure.
Could you provide more detailed instructions?
Could you provide more detailed instructions?
The economy is in a far worse state than predicted.
The economy is in a far worse state than predicted.
You are better off staying here tonight.
You are better off staying here tonight.
Nothing could be more important than this.
Nothing could be more important than this.
The more I learn, the more I realize I don't know.
The more I learn, the more I realize I don't know.
The situation has taken a turn for the worse.
The situation has taken a turn for the worse.
He sought to better his circumstances through education.
He sought to better his circumstances through education.
The play was, for better or worse, a unique experience.
The play was, for better or worse, a unique experience.
There were no more than fifty people present.
There were no more than fifty people present.
بهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Learners often use 'worse' (comparing 2) when they mean 'worst' (the #1 bad thing).
Similar to worse/worst, learners mix up the comparative and superlative.
Learners sometimes use 'more' when they just want to emphasize an adjective.
اشتباهات رایج
This is gooder.
This is better.
I am badder at tennis.
I am worse at tennis.
I have much apples.
I have more apples.
It is more better.
It is better.
The weather is more bad today.
The weather is worse today.
He is better that me.
He is better than me.
I feel more well.
I feel better.
This is the worse movie.
This is the worst movie.
I have more small problems.
I have smaller problems.
He is better as his brother.
He is better than his brother.
الگوهای جملهسازی
I think ___ is better than ___.
I need more ___ to ___.
The ___ is worse today because ___.
Is ___ better for ___ or ___?
Real World Usage
I'm feeling much better today! Want to hang out?
I believe my skills are better suited for this role than my previous one.
Can I have more napkins, please?
The sequel was way worse than the original movie. 0/10.
The pain is worse when I try to sit down.
Is it better to take the bus or the train to the airport?
با جملههای رایج تمرین کن
My coffee is better than yours!
مراقب باش 'gooder' و 'badder' نگی!
برای 'more' به 'مقدار' فکر کن
more money, more friends. اینجوری با 'more' که با صفتهای طولانی میاد (مثل 'more beautiful') قاطی نمیکنی.تعریف و گله کردن
Your presentation was better than last time!) و از 'worse' برای گلههای دوستانه (مثلاً:
The service was a bit worse today.)
به صداشون گوش کن
Smart Tips
Use 'much' or 'far' instead of 'more'.
Remember that 'better' is also the comparative of 'well'.
If you don't mention the second thing, you don't need 'than'.
Use 'more' for everything—it's the easiest irregular rule!
تلفظ
The 'tt' in Better
In American English, the 'tt' in 'better' sounds like a quick 'd' (flap T).
The 'r' in Worse
The 'r' is silent in British English (non-rhotic) but pronounced in American English.
Comparison Stress
This one is BETTER than that one.
Stress the comparative word to emphasize the difference.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Better is Best's little brother (from Good), Worse is Worst's little brother (from Bad).
تداعی تصویری
Imagine a 'Thumbs Up' icon growing larger for 'Better', a 'Thumbs Down' icon cracking for 'Worse', and a pile of gold coins growing taller for 'More'.
Rhyme
Good is better, bad is worse; learn these now or feel the curse!
Story
A chef made a 'good' soup, but added salt to make it 'better'. Then he added sugar by mistake and it became 'worse'. Finally, he added 'more' water to fix it.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Look around your room. Find two similar objects and say one sentence comparing them using 'better', 'worse', or 'more'. (e.g., 'This pen is better than that pen.')
نکات فرهنگی
Using 'badder' is common in some dialects of African American Vernacular English (AAVE) and slang to mean 'cool' or 'tough', but it is incorrect in standard academic or professional English.
British speakers often use 'further' more frequently than 'farther' for physical distance, whereas American speakers often distinguish between the two.
In professional settings, people often avoid 'worse' and use 'more challenging' or 'less favorable' to sound more positive/diplomatic.
These words come from Old English and are 'suppletive', meaning the comparative forms were originally from different roots than the base adjectives.
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
Which do you think is better: working from home or working in an office?
Is the weather in your country better or worse in the summer?
What is a movie that is better than the book it is based on?
Do you need more coffee or more sleep right now?
موضوعات نگارش
اشتباهات رایج
Test Yourself
This restaurant's food is much ___ than the cafe next door.
Find and fix the mistake:
The traffic was badder today than yesterday.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Mi inglés es mejor que el año pasado.'
Answer starts with: ["M...
Score: /4
تمرینهای عملی
8 exercisesThis pizza is ___ than the one we had yesterday.
Find and fix the mistake:
The traffic is more worse today because of the rain.
I have many books, but my teacher has ___ books than me.
than / My / is / better / car / yours / .
Good, Bad, Many
A: How is your cold? B: It's ___, I have a fever now.
Check the correct sentence.
Este libro es mejor que ese.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesMy phone's battery life is ___ now after the update.
I think this movie is more bad than the last one.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Necesito más tiempo para terminar este informe.'
این کلمات رو مرتب کن تا یه جمله بسازی:
کلمات رو به هم وصل کن:
I'm sure the next season of the show will be even ___!
We need much more effort if we want to win.
Which sentence is correct?
Translate into English: 'La situación está empeorando rápidamente.'
کلمات رو مرتب کن:
After my vacation, I feel so much ___.
Score: /12
سوالات متداول (8)
No, 'more better' is always grammatically incorrect. To emphasize, use `much better`, `far better`, or `a lot better`.
Use `worse` to compare two things (This is worse than that). Use `worst` for three or more (This is the worst movie ever).
In standard English, no. In some very casual slang, it can mean 'cool', but you should avoid it in exams or at work.
Yes! You can say `more people` (countable) and `more sugar` (uncountable).
The comparative of 'well' is also `better`. For example: 'I feel well' ➡️ 'I feel better'.
It's a historical accident! English merged two different words from Old English into one family. We call this 'suppletion'.
Yes, but it's more advanced. To `better` something means to improve it. Example: 'He wants to better his life.'
For physical distance, both are okay. For metaphorical distance (like 'further information'), only `further` is correct.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
mejor / peor
English requires 'than' while Spanish uses 'que'.
meilleur / pire
French adjectives must agree in gender and number, English ones do not.
besser / schlechter
German uses 'als' for 'than'.
motto ii / motto warui
Japanese doesn't change the base word 'ii' (good) to a new root.
afdal / aswa'
Arabic comparatives are derived from a 3-letter root pattern.
gèng hǎo / gèng chà
Chinese has no inflection or word-changing for comparison.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
ویدیوهای مرتبط
Related Grammar Rules
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