durmak در ۳۰ ثانیه
- To stop moving or cease an action.
- Used for physical objects and abstract concepts.
- Conjugates like other Turkish verbs.
- Essential for everyday communication.
- Core Meaning
- The fundamental meaning of 'durmak' is to cease movement, to become stationary, or to come to a halt. This applies to both physical objects and abstract concepts like actions or processes. It's a very common and versatile verb.
- Physical Stopping
- When you see a car, a person, or any moving object, you can say it 'duruyor' (is stopping) or 'durdu' (stopped). For example, 'Araba durdu' means 'The car stopped'. You use it to describe the act of ceasing motion.
- Standing Still
- 'Durmak' can also mean to stand still, to remain in one place without moving. If someone is asked to stand still for a photograph, you might hear 'Lütfen durun' (Please stand still). It implies a lack of movement.
- Ceasing Activities
- Beyond physical movement, 'durmak' can signify the cessation of an activity or process. If a project is paused, one might say 'Proje durdu' (The project stopped). This extends to abstract ideas, like time or a conversation.
- Duration and State
- It can also describe a state of being stopped or a period of inactivity. 'Bugün işler durdu' could mean 'Work stopped today' or 'Things came to a standstill today'. It's about the absence of progress or movement.
- Examples in Context
- You'll hear it in everyday commands: 'Burada dur!' (Stop here!). In descriptions: 'Tren istasyonda durdu' (The train stopped at the station). In warnings: 'Koşma, dur!' (Don't run, stop!). It's a verb you will encounter constantly.
Trafik ışıkları kırmızıya dönünce arabalar durdu.
Lütfen biraz durun, nefes alalım.
- Action vs. State
- 'Durmak' can describe the action of stopping (e.g., 'Araba durdu' - The car stopped) or the state of being stopped (e.g., 'Tren istasyonda duruyor' - The train is stopped at the station).
- Command Form
- The imperative form, 'dur!' (stop!) or 'durun!' (stop! - plural/formal), is very common for giving direct commands.
- Continuous Action
- When used with the present continuous tense (-iyor), it means 'is stopping' or 'is stationary'. 'Sen orada dur.' (You stand there.)
Yağmur durdu, dışarı çıkabiliriz.
- Basic Structure
- The verb 'durmak' conjugates like most Turkish verbs. The subject is usually implied or stated, and the verb comes at the end of the sentence, following the object or adverbial phrases. For example: Subject + (Object) + Adverbial Phrase + Verb.
- Present Tense (-iyor)
- To say something 'is stopping' or 'is standing', you use the '-iyor' suffix. Example: 'Ben burada duruyorum.' (I am standing here.) 'Tren yavaşça duruyor.' (The train is stopping slowly.)
- Past Tense (-di)
- To indicate that something 'stopped', you use the past tense suffix '-di'. Example: 'Kapı kendiliğinden durdu.' (The door stopped by itself.) 'Konuşmamız birden durdu.' (Our conversation stopped suddenly.)
- Future Tense (-ecek)
- For something that 'will stop', use the future tense suffix '-ecek'. Example: 'Bu araba yakında duracak.' (This car will stop soon.) 'İşler yakında duracak.' (Things will stop soon.)
- Imperative (Commands)
- The command form is very direct: 'Dur!' (Stop! - singular/informal) or 'Durun!' (Stop! - plural/formal). Example: 'Hey, sen, dur!' (Hey, you, stop!). 'Lütfen durun, trafik var.' (Please stop, there is traffic.)
- Using with Prepositions/Postpositions
- 'Durmak' is often used with locative case '-de' or temporal expressions. Example: 'Okulda durdum.' (I stayed/stopped at school.) 'Biraz dur ve düşün.' (Stop for a bit and think.)
- Abstract Usage
- It can also be used for abstract stopping. Example: 'Hayat bir an durdu.' (Life stopped for a moment.) 'Bu proje ne zaman duracak?' (When will this project stop/be paused?)
- Negative Forms
- To say 'not stop', you use '-me'. Example: 'Araba durmuyor.' (The car is not stopping / is not stationary.) 'O, hiç durmaz.' (He/She never stops.)
Arabalar trafik sıkışıklığında durdu.
Lütfen burada durun, manzarayı izleyelim.
- Everyday Conversations
- You will hear 'durmak' constantly in daily life. When people are talking about their commute, they might say 'Otobüs tam durağında durdu' (The bus stopped right at the stop). Or when telling a story: 'Yolda yürürken birden durdum' (While walking on the road, I suddenly stopped).
- Street and Traffic
- In traffic situations, you'll hear it frequently. 'Kırmızı ışıkta durduk.' (We stopped at the red light.) 'Polis bizi durdurdu.' (The police stopped us.) It's a fundamental verb for describing traffic flow and actions.
- Instructions and Commands
- Teachers, parents, and anyone giving instructions will use it. 'Çocuklar, buraya gelin ve durun.' (Children, come here and stand still.) 'Bana bak ve dur.' (Look at me and stop.)
- Describing Processes
- When discussing events or processes, 'durmak' can indicate a pause or cessation. 'İnşaat bir süredir durmuş.' (The construction has stopped for a while.) 'Konuşma aniden durdu.' (The conversation suddenly stopped.)
- Media and Announcements
- You might hear it in public announcements: 'Lütfen araçlarınızı durdurun.' (Please stop your vehicles.) Or in news reports: 'Ekonomik büyüme durdu.' (Economic growth has stopped.)
- Stories and Narratives
- In storytelling, it's used to mark a pause or a moment of stillness. 'Kahraman tam köşeyi dönerken durdu.' (The hero stopped just as he was turning the corner.)
- Weather
- Even in weather descriptions: 'Yağmur durdu.' (The rain stopped.) 'Rüzgar durdu.' (The wind stopped.)
Trafik polisi eliyle arabaları durdurdu.
Bizimle gelmeden önce biraz dur.
- Confusing with 'beklemek' (to wait)
- Learners sometimes confuse 'durmak' (to stop) with 'beklemek' (to wait). While stopping might involve waiting, 'durmak' is about the cessation of movement. 'Ben durdum' means 'I stopped', whereas 'Ben bekledim' means 'I waited'. You can stop without waiting, and you can wait without necessarily stopping completely (e.g., waiting in a queue where there's some movement).
- Incorrect Tense Usage
- Using the wrong tense can change the meaning significantly. For example, saying 'Tren duruyor' when you mean it 'stopped' (past) would be incorrect. It should be 'Tren durdu'. Similarly, using the present continuous ('duruyor') for a completed action is a common error.
- Overuse of 'dur!'
- The imperative 'dur!' is very direct and can sound abrupt or rude if used inappropriately. In many situations, a softer approach or a more polite imperative like 'durun' (if addressing multiple people or someone formally) is better. Or using phrases like 'biraz bekleyebilir miyiz?' (Can we wait a bit?).
- Misplacing the Verb
- Turkish is an SOV language, meaning the verb usually comes last. Learners accustomed to English (SVO) might place 'durmak' too early in the sentence. For example, saying 'Ben durdum evde' instead of 'Ben evde durdum' (I stayed at home).
- Confusing with 'kalmak' (to stay)
- While 'durmak' can sometimes imply staying in a place (e.g., 'Burada duruyorum' - I am staying/standing here), 'kalmak' is more specifically 'to stay' or 'to remain'. If the emphasis is on remaining in a location for a period, 'kalmak' is often preferred. 'Ben Ankara'da kaldım' (I stayed in Ankara) is different from 'Ben Ankara'da durdum' (I stopped/stood in Ankara, perhaps briefly).
- Forgetting the Negative Suffix
- To negate 'durmak', you need the '-me' suffix. Forgetting this results in incorrect sentences. For example, saying 'Araba dur değil' instead of 'Araba durmuyor' (The car is not stopping/moving).
Yanlış: Ben bekledim otobüs durağında. Doğru: Ben otobüs durağında durmadım, bekledim.
- Beklemek (to wait)
- 'Durmak' is about stopping movement. 'Beklemek' is about anticipating an event or person. You might stop ('durmak') while waiting ('beklemek'). Example: 'Otobüs durağında bekledim.' (I waited at the bus stop.) Here, the primary action is waiting, not just stopping.
- Duraksamak (to hesitate, to pause briefly)
- This is a more nuanced verb. 'Duraksamak' implies a brief, often involuntary, pause in speech or action, usually due to thinking, hesitation, or a slight interruption. 'Konuşurken duraksadı.' (He/She paused/hesitated while speaking.) It's a temporary halt, often in the middle of something.
- Mola vermek (to take a break)
- This phrase means to intentionally stop an activity for a period of rest. 'Çalışmaya mola verdik.' (We took a break from working.) While it involves stopping, the intention is to rest and then resume, unlike a permanent stop.
- Durultmak (to clarify, to settle)
- This is a transitive verb, meaning it takes an object. It's unrelated to physical stopping. It means to make something clear or to let something settle (like sediment in water). Example: 'Suyu durultmak için bekliyor.' (He is waiting for the water to settle.)
- Durdurmak (to stop someone/something, to make stop)
- This is the causative form of 'durmak'. 'Durdurmak' means to cause something or someone else to stop. 'Polis arabayı durdurdu.' (The police stopped the car.) 'Benimle durdurma!' (Don't stop me!). 'Durmak' is intransitive (the subject stops itself), while 'durdurmak' is transitive (the subject stops something else).
- Durulmak (to be stopped, to become clear)
- This is the passive or intransitive form of 'durdurmak'. It can mean 'to be stopped' (e.g., 'Motor duruldu' - The engine was stopped) or 'to become clear/settled' (e.g., 'Su duruldu' - The water settled).
Biraz duraksadım ve ne söyleyeceğimi düşündüm.
Polis, kaçan şüpheliyi durdurdu.
چقدر رسمی است؟
نکته جالب
The root 'dur-' is so fundamental that it appears in many related verbs and nouns in Turkish, forming a core part of the language's vocabulary related to position and cessation of movement. For example, 'durak' (bus stop) literally means a place where one stops.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Pronouncing the 'u' as a long 'oo' sound (like in 'moon'). It's a short 'u'.
- Not trilling or tapping the 'r' sound.
- Placing stress on the first syllable instead of the last.
سطح دشواری
Recognizing 'durmak' in simple sentences is easy (A1). Understanding its various tenses and abstract meanings requires more practice (A2-B1). Complex sentence structures involving causative or passive forms can increase difficulty.
Basic usage in simple sentences is straightforward. Correctly applying different tenses, negative forms, and the causative 'durdurmak' requires attention to detail. Mastering abstract and idiomatic uses is more challenging.
Using 'Dur!' or 'Durdu' in basic contexts is achievable early on. Incorporating it smoothly into more complex sentences and dialogues, especially when distinguishing from similar verbs, takes practice.
The verb is very common, so it's frequently heard. Distinguishing between 'durmak', 'durdurmak', and 'beklemek' in fast speech can be challenging for beginners.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
Verb Conjugation in Turkish
'Durmak' follows standard conjugation patterns for present, past, and future tenses, with suffixes added to the verb stem.
Causative Verbs
'Durmak' (to stop) becomes 'durdurmak' (to make stop), illustrating the '-dur' suffix for causation.
Imperative Mood
The command forms 'Dur!' and 'Durun!' are derived from the verb stem.
Negative Verb Forms
The negative suffix '-me' is used, e.g., 'durma' (don't stop).
Gerunds and Infinitives
Using 'durmak' in nominalized forms like 'durmak' (infinitive) or 'durdurma' (gerund).
مثالها بر اساس سطح
Araba durdu.
The car stopped.
Simple past tense of 'durmak'.
Burada dur.
Stop here.
Imperative, informal singular.
Tren duruyor.
The train is stopping.
Present continuous tense.
Lütfen durun.
Please stop.
Imperative, formal/plural.
Yağmur durdu.
The rain stopped.
Past tense, common usage for weather.
Ben durdum.
I stopped.
First person singular past tense.
Durma!
Don't stop!
Negative imperative, informal singular.
Adam durdu.
The man stopped.
Past tense with a subject.
Otobüs tam durağında durdu.
The bus stopped exactly at its stop.
Past tense, specific location.
Koşmayı bırak ve dur.
Stop running and stand still.
Imperative, combining actions.
Bu araba neden durdu?
Why did this car stop?
Interrogative, past tense.
Sabahları erken dururum.
I get up early in the mornings.
Present tense, common idiomatic use for waking up.
Bu şarkı beni durdurdu.
This song made me stop (and listen/reflect).
Causative implication, metaphorical stopping.
Lütfen burada durun, fotoğraf çekelim.
Please stop here, let's take a photo.
Formal imperative, suggestion.
İşler bir süredir durdu.
Things have been stagnant for a while.
Present perfect tense (implied), abstract usage.
O, konuşurken hiç durmaz.
He/She never stops talking.
Negative present tense, habitual action.
Trafik sıkışıklığı yüzünden ilerleyemeden durduk.
We stopped without being able to proceed due to traffic congestion.
Past tense, explaining the reason for stopping.
Hayat bazen beklenmedik anlarda durur gibi olur.
Life sometimes feels like it stops at unexpected moments.
Present tense, metaphorical and philosophical.
Bu projeye başlamadan önce biraz durup düşünmek gerek.
Before starting this project, it's necessary to stop and think for a bit.
Infinitive with 'gerek', suggesting a pause for thought.
Yağmur durunca dışarı çıktık.
We went out when the rain stopped.
Subordinate clause indicating time.
Onu görünce olduğu yerde durdu kaldı.
Seeing him/her, he/she froze on the spot.
Idiomatic expression, strong emphasis on stopping.
Mühendisler makineyi tamir ederken geçici olarak durdurdu.
The engineers temporarily stopped the machine while repairing it.
Past tense, causative verb 'durdurmak' used correctly.
Toplantı, önemli bir haber gelince durdu.
The meeting stopped when important news arrived.
Past tense, stop due to an external event.
Bu kadar acele etme, biraz dur ve nefes al.
Don't hurry so much, stop for a bit and breathe.
Imperative, advice for slowing down.
Ekonomik durgunluk nedeniyle pek çok fabrika üretimini durdurdu.
Due to the economic recession, many factories stopped their production.
Past tense, abstract concept 'durgunluk' (stagnation) related to 'durmak'.
Beklenmedik bir şekilde, konuşmacı aniden durdu ve seyircilere baktı.
Unexpectedly, the speaker suddenly stopped and looked at the audience.
Past tense, descriptive narrative.
Bu tür bir teknoloji, ilerlemeyi durduracak kadar yenilikçiydi.
This type of technology was innovative enough to halt progress.
Past tense, metaphorical stopping of progress.
Fırtına durduğunda, denizdeki dalgalar da sakinleşti.
When the storm stopped, the waves in the sea also calmed down.
Subordinate clause, cause and effect.
Kriz yönetimi, durumun daha da kötüleşmesini durdurmayı amaçlıyordu.
Crisis management aimed to stop the situation from worsening further.
Infinitive with 'amaçlamak', causative verb 'durdurmak'.
Öğrencilerin dikkatini çekmek için dersi kısa bir süre durdurdu.
He/She temporarily stopped the lesson to grab the students' attention.
Past tense, causative verb 'durdurmak'.
Bu tür bir tartışma, ileride daha büyük sorunların çıkmasını durdurabilir.
This kind of discussion can prevent bigger problems from arising later.
Modal verb 'edebilir', causative verb 'durdurmak'.
Tarih boyunca pek çok medeniyet, iç çekişmeler yüzünden kendi kendini durdurmuştur.
Throughout history, many civilizations have halted themselves due to internal conflicts.
Past perfect tense, reflexive implication of stopping oneself.
Küresel ısınmanın etkilerini durdurmak için acil önlemler alınması gerekmektedir.
Urgent measures must be taken to halt the effects of global warming.
Infinitive with 'gerekmek', causative verb 'durdurmak'.
Sanatçı, eserinde toplumsal adaletsizliğin ilerleyişini durdurma çağrısı yapıyordu.
The artist was calling for a halt to the progression of social injustice in his work.
Past continuous tense, abstract stopping.
Teknolojik gelişmelerin hızı, insanlığın karşılaştığı sorunları durduracak kadar büyük.
The speed of technological advancements is so great that it could halt the problems humanity faces.
Present tense, hypothetical capability of stopping problems.
Bu tür bir politik duruş, ülkenin uluslararası ilişkilerini olumsuz yönde durdurabilir.
This kind of political stance could negatively halt the country's international relations.
Modal verb 'edebilir', abstract stopping of relations.
Tarihsel süreçte, belirli olaylar medeniyetlerin gelişimini durdurmuştur.
In the historical process, certain events have halted the development of civilizations.
Past perfect tense, historical context.
Savaşın yıkıcı etkilerini durdurmak için uluslararası bir çaba gösterildi.
An international effort was made to stop the devastating effects of war.
Past tense, causative verb 'durdurmak'.
Kendi kendini sabote eden davranışları durdurmak, kişisel gelişim için elzemdir.
Halting self-sabotaging behaviors is essential for personal growth.
Gerund as subject, abstract stopping.
Finansal krizin yayılmasını durdurmak amacıyla yeni düzenlemeler getirildi.
New regulations were introduced to halt the spread of the financial crisis.
Past tense, causative verb 'durdurmak'.
İklim değişikliğinin geri döndürülemez noktaya ulaşmasını durdurmak için küresel işbirliği şarttır.
Global cooperation is essential to halt climate change from reaching an irreversible point.
Infinitive with 'şarttır', causative verb 'durdurmak'.
Sanatın toplumsal değişimdeki rolü, mevcut statükoyu durdurma potansiyelinde yatar.
The role of art in social change lies in its potential to halt the existing status quo.
Metaphorical use of stopping the status quo.
Bu tür bir yayılmacı politikayı durdurmak, uluslararası hukukun temel görevlerindendir.
Halting this kind of expansionist policy is among the fundamental duties of international law.
Gerund as subject, causative verb 'durdurmak'.
Teknolojinin insan yaşamı üzerindeki kontrolünü durdurmak adına felsefi bir sorgulama başlatıldı.
A philosophical inquiry was initiated to halt the control of technology over human life.
Gerund as object, abstract stopping.
Tarihin akışını durdurma yanılgısına kapılan imparatorluklar, er ya da geç yıkılmıştır.
Empires that fell into the delusion of halting the course of history have, sooner or later, collapsed.
Gerund as object, abstract stopping of historical flow.
Bilimsel ilerlemeyi durdurmak yerine, onun etik çerçevede yönlendirilmesi gerektiği savunuluyor.
Instead of halting scientific progress, it is argued that it should be guided within an ethical framework.
Gerund as object, contrasting stopping with guiding.
Kültürel erozyonun önüne geçmek, özgün kimlikleri korumak adına bu süreci durdurmayı gerektirir.
Preventing cultural erosion requires halting this process to preserve unique identities.
Gerund as object, abstract stopping of erosion.
Savaşın getirdiği trajedileri durdurmak için diplomatik kanalların sonuna kadar kullanılması elzemdir.
It is essential to use diplomatic channels to the fullest to halt the tragedies brought by war.
Infinitive with 'elzemdir', causative verb 'durdurmak'.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— To stand still without moving.
Çocuklar resim çektirmek için hareket etmeden durdular.
— To stop to catch one's breath.
Uzun bir koşudan sonra nefes almak için durduk.
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
'Durmak' is to stop moving, while 'beklemek' is to wait. You can stop without waiting, and wait without stopping completely.
'Durmak' is intransitive (the subject stops itself). 'Durdurmak' is transitive (the subject makes something else stop).
'Duraksamak' implies a brief, often involuntary pause or hesitation, usually in speech or thought, whereas 'durmak' is a more general cessation of movement or activity.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— To freeze on the spot, often due to shock, fear, or surprise. It implies a complete and sudden cessation of movement.
Kapı açıldığında içerideki manzara karşısında durduğu yerde kaldı.
Informal, expressive— Although not directly using 'durmak', it implies a state where one can no longer 'stop' or 'hold back' their feelings, often leading to an outburst.
Yıllarca süren sabrı sonunda taştı ve istifa etti.
Neutral— Similar to 'durduğu yerde kalmak', this idiom describes extreme shock or surprise, where one's eyes seem to pop out, implying a complete stop of normal reaction.
Kazayı görünce gözleri yerinden fırladı.
Informal, expressive— To become flustered, clumsy, and unable to act properly, often leading to a temporary 'stop' in coordinated action.
Sunum yaparken heyecandan eli ayağına dolaştı.
Informal— Things going wrong, getting complicated, and effectively 'stopping' smooth progress. It's a situation where things are not moving forward as planned.
Beklenmedik sorunlar çıkınca işler sarpa sardı.
Informal— To feel like time has stopped, often during a very intense or significant moment, causing a person to be momentarily immobile.
O an yaşadığı şokla zamanda donup kaldı.
Figurative, expressive— To be reluctant to go somewhere, to hesitate and want to turn back. This implies an internal struggle to 'stop' oneself from proceeding.
Sınav yerine giderken ayakları geri geri gidiyordu.
Informal— To feel extreme fear or shock, causing one's heart to feel like it's in their mouth. This intense feeling can lead to a temporary paralysis or 'stop'.
Uçak ani türbülansa girince yüreği ağzına geldi.
Figurative, expressive— To suddenly stop and remain motionless, often due to surprise or realization.
Gerçeği öğrenince bir anda durup kaldı.
Neutral, descriptive— To become stagnant or inactive. This is related to 'durmak' in the sense of lack of progress or movement.
Şirketin pazar payı son yıllarda durağanlaştı.
Neutral, economic/business contextبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Both involve a cessation of forward movement, and one might stop in order to wait.
'Durmak' means to cease movement; the action of stopping is completed. 'Beklemek' means to stay in one place or state while anticipating something. You can stop (durmak) at a bus stop, but the primary action there is waiting (beklemek).
Otobüs durağında bekledim. (I waited at the bus stop.) vs. Otobüs durağında durdum. (I stopped at the bus stop.)
They share the same root and relate to the concept of stopping.
'Durmak' is intransitive: the subject stops itself (e.g., 'Araba durdu' - The car stopped). 'Durdurmak' is transitive: the subject causes something else to stop (e.g., 'Polis arabayı durdurdu' - The police stopped the car).
Ben durdum. (I stopped.) vs. Sen beni durdurdun. (You stopped me.)
Both involve a pause or interruption.
'Duraksamak' usually refers to a brief, often hesitant or involuntary pause, especially in speech or thought. 'Durmak' is a more general stop, whether brief or prolonged, and applies to physical movement more broadly.
Konuşurken duraksadı. (He/She paused/hesitated while speaking.) vs. Araba yolda durdu. (The car stopped on the road.)
Both can imply staying in a location.
'Durmak' emphasizes the act of stopping or standing still in a place. 'Kalmak' emphasizes remaining or staying in a place for a duration. 'Ben evde durdum.' (I stayed/remained at home - could imply just being there). 'Ben evde kaldım.' (I stayed at home - implies more of a duration or being lodged there).
Toplantıdan sonra ofiste biraz durdum. (After the meeting, I stayed/stood around in the office for a bit.) vs. Tatilde iki hafta İstanbul'da kaldım. (I stayed in Istanbul for two weeks on holiday.)
Both involve a temporary cessation of an activity.
'Durmak' is the general act of stopping. 'Mola vermek' is specifically 'to take a break', implying an intentional pause with the intention to resume the activity later. You 'durmak' to 'mola vermek'.
Uzun süre yürüdükten sonra dinlenmek için durduk. (After walking for a long time, we stopped to rest.) vs. İşten sonra bir mola verdik. (We took a break from work.)
الگوهای جملهسازی
Subject + Durmak (Past Tense)
Ben durdum.
Imperative (Singular)
Dur!
Subject + Durmak (Present Continuous)
O duruyor.
Subject + Location + Durmak (Past Tense)
Araba durakta durdu.
Subject + Adverb + Durmak (Past Tense)
Tren yavaşça durdu.
Clause + When + Durmak (Past Tense)
Yağmur durduktan sonra çıktık.
Subject + Gerund + Durmak (Past Tense)
Koşmayı durdurup dinlendi.
Subject + Causative Verb 'Durdurmak' (Past Tense)
Polis aracı durdurdu.
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
صفتها
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
Very High
-
Using 'durmak' when 'beklemek' is needed.
→
Araba durağında bekledim.
While you might stop at a bus stop, the primary action when referring to waiting for a bus is 'beklemek' (to wait). 'Durmak' means to cease movement.
-
Confusing 'durmak' and 'durdurmak'.
→
Polis aracı durdurdu.
'Durmak' is intransitive (the car stopped itself). 'Durdurmak' is transitive (the police made the car stop). The subject performing the action of stopping is different.
-
Incorrect negative imperative.
→
Sakın durma!
The negative imperative for 'durmak' is 'durma' (singular) or 'durmayın' (plural/formal), not simply adding 'değil' or another negative marker.
-
Using 'durmak' for prolonged staying.
→
Tatil için İzmir'de kaldım.
While 'durmak' can mean to stay in a place, 'kalmak' is more specific for staying for a period of time, like on holiday or as a guest.
-
Placing the verb 'durmak' too early in the sentence.
→
Ben evde durdum.
Turkish is an SOV (Subject-Object-Verb) language. The verb 'durmak' typically comes at the end of the sentence.
نکات
Mastering Tenses
Focus on conjugating 'durmak' correctly in the present continuous (-iyor), simple past (-di), and future (-ecek) tenses. This will allow you to describe actions happening now, that happened, and that will happen.
Intransitive vs. Transitive
Remember that 'durmak' is intransitive (the subject stops itself), while its causative form 'durdurmak' is transitive (the subject makes something else stop). This distinction is crucial for correct sentence construction.
Related Nouns
Learn related nouns like 'durak' (bus stop) and 'durgunluk' (stagnation) to expand your vocabulary and understand the semantic field of 'durmak'.
Stress and Vowels
Pay attention to the stress on the final syllable ('-MAK') and the short 'u' vowel sound. Practicing pronunciation will help native speakers understand you better.
Abstract vs. Concrete
Be aware that 'durmak' applies to both physical objects (cars, people) and abstract concepts (time, work, rain). Context is key to interpreting the meaning correctly.
Visual Aids
Use visual associations, like a stop sign, or create simple stories to remember the meaning and usage of 'durmak'.
Sentence Building
Actively build sentences using 'durmak' in different tenses and contexts. Try to describe your own actions or observations involving stopping.
Synonym Nuances
Understand the subtle differences between 'durmak', 'beklemek', and 'duraksamak' to choose the most appropriate word for your intended meaning.
Polite Commands
When giving commands, use 'Durun!' instead of 'Dur!' in formal situations or when addressing multiple people to maintain politeness.
Ancient Roots
Knowing that 'dur-' is an ancient Turkic root for 'to stand' can help you see its fundamental importance and connection to related words.
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روش یادسپاری
Imagine a very polite robot saying 'DOOR-MA-KAY!' when it needs to stop. The 'door' sounds like 'dur', 'ma' is a common Turkish suffix, and 'kay' sounds like a polite ending. So, 'Open the door, make it stop!' or 'Door, make Kay stop!'
تداعی تصویری
Picture a STOP sign. The red octagon shape itself is a visual cue for stopping. Connect the visual of the STOP sign with the sound 'dur-mak'. You can even imagine the letters 'DUR MAK' written on the stop sign.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Try to use 'durmak' in at least three sentences today, describing different scenarios: one physical stop, one abstract stop, and one command. For example: 'The bus durdu.' 'My work durdu.' 'Dur!'
ریشه کلمه
The word 'durmak' has ancient Turkic roots. It is believed to be derived from Proto-Turkic *tür- or *dur-, which meant 'to stand, to be in a place, to stop'. This root is common across many Turkic languages, indicating its fundamental nature.
معنای اصلی: To stand, to be in a place, to stop.
Turkicبافت فرهنگی
Using the imperative 'Dur!' can be perceived as aggressive or impolite in formal settings or when addressing someone with respect. Always consider the context and your relationship with the person you are speaking to. Using 'Lütfen durun' (Please stop) is generally safer and more polite.
In English-speaking cultures, 'stop' is a very direct command. While 'dur!' is also direct, Turkish has more nuanced ways to express requests or commands, often using '-un' for politeness or softening phrases. The concept of 'standing still' is also common, similar to 'durmak'.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Traffic and transportation
- Araba durdu.
- Otobüs durağında durduk.
- Kırmızı ışıkta dur.
- Trafik durdu.
Giving instructions or commands
- Dur!
- Durun!
- Burada dur.
- Sakın durma!
Describing events or actions
- Yağmur durdu.
- Konuşma durdu.
- İşler durdu.
Personal actions
- Ben durdum.
- Biraz dur ve düşün.
- Durup nefes aldım.
Abstract concepts
- Zaman durdu.
- Hayat durdu.
- Gelişme durdu.
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"Bugün yolda ne kadar süre durmak zorunda kaldın?"
"Eğer zamanı durdurabilseydin, ne yapardın?"
"En son ne zaman bir yerde durup etrafına dikkatlice baktın?"
"Bu araba neden durdu sence?"
"Hayatında bir şeyleri durdurmak istediğin oldu mu?"
موضوعات نگارش
Bugün hangi anlarda hareket etmeyi bıraktın ve neden?
Hayatında ilerlemeni durduran engeller neler?
Bir anlığına zamanın durduğunu hayal et. Bu sessizlikte ne hissedersin?
Birini durdurman gerektiğinde hangi kelimeleri kullanırsın?
Duygularını durdurmak yerine onlara izin verdiğinde neler olur?
سوالات متداول
10 سوال'Durmak' is an intransitive verb meaning 'to stop' (the subject stops itself). For example, 'Araba durdu' (The car stopped). 'Durdurmak' is its causative form, meaning 'to make something stop' or 'to stop something'. It's a transitive verb. For example, 'Polis arabayı durdurdu' (The police stopped the car). The subject (police) caused the object (car) to stop.
Yes, absolutely. 'Durmak' is frequently used for abstract concepts. For example, 'Yağmur durdu' (The rain stopped), 'İşler durdu' (Work stopped / Things came to a standstill), or even metaphorically, 'Zaman durdu' (Time stopped).
The negative imperative form depends on who you are addressing. For one person informally, it's 'Durma!'. For multiple people or formally, it's 'Durmayın!'.
No, while its primary meaning is physical stopping, it is also used for the cessation of activities, processes, or even abstract concepts like time or progress. The context will usually make the meaning clear.
'Durmak' is the act of ceasing movement. 'Beklemek' is the act of waiting. You might stop (durmak) at a bus stop while waiting (beklemek) for the bus. They are related but distinct actions.
The past tense suffix '-di' is added to the verb stem 'dur-'. For example: Ben durdum (I stopped), Sen durdun (You stopped), O durdu (He/She/It stopped), Biz durduk (We stopped), Siz durdunuz (You all stopped), Onlar durdular (They stopped).
'Durak' is a noun derived from 'durmak'. It generally means a 'stop' or 'station', most commonly referring to a bus stop or a tram stop. It's the place where vehicles or people stop.
Yes, 'durmak' can also mean 'to stand' or 'to stand still'. For example, 'Lütfen burada durun' can mean 'Please stand here' or 'Please stop here'. The context usually clarifies whether it's about ceasing motion or maintaining a standing position.
'Durmak' is intransitive (to stop). 'Durulmak' is often the passive form of 'durdurmak' (to be stopped) or can mean 'to settle' or 'become clear', especially for liquids. For example, 'Su duruldu' (The water settled).
'Durmak' is an extremely common verb in Turkish, used in a wide variety of contexts from basic commands to abstract descriptions. You will encounter it very frequently in everyday Turkish.
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Summary
The verb 'durmak' is fundamental in Turkish, signifying the cessation of movement or activity. It can be used for concrete objects like vehicles or people, as well as abstract concepts such as time, work, or conversations. Mastering its various tenses and forms is crucial for basic Turkish comprehension and expression.
- To stop moving or cease an action.
- Used for physical objects and abstract concepts.
- Conjugates like other Turkish verbs.
- Essential for everyday communication.
Mastering Tenses
Focus on conjugating 'durmak' correctly in the present continuous (-iyor), simple past (-di), and future (-ecek) tenses. This will allow you to describe actions happening now, that happened, and that will happen.
Intransitive vs. Transitive
Remember that 'durmak' is intransitive (the subject stops itself), while its causative form 'durdurmak' is transitive (the subject makes something else stop). This distinction is crucial for correct sentence construction.
Related Nouns
Learn related nouns like 'durak' (bus stop) and 'durgunluk' (stagnation) to expand your vocabulary and understand the semantic field of 'durmak'.
Stress and Vowels
Pay attention to the stress on the final syllable ('-MAK') and the short 'u' vowel sound. Practicing pronunciation will help native speakers understand you better.
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر daily_life
acaba
A2تعجب می کنم که آیا او می آید. (Acaba gelir mi?)
acıkmak
A2گرسنه شدن. این فعل در زبان ترکی برای بیان احساس نیاز به غذا به کار میرود.
ad
A1name
adeta
B1به معنای 'تقریباً' یا 'گویی'. برای تأکید بر شباهت استفاده میشود. 'اینجا گویی بهشت است.'
adres
A1آدرس مجموعهای از اطلاعات است که نشان میدهد کسی کجا زندگی میکند یا یک ساختمان در کجا واقع شده است.
aksilik
B1بدشانسی یا گرفتگی در کار. 'یک بدشانسی (aksilik) پیش آمد و نتوانستم بیایم.'
akış
B1Flow, stream, or course of events
akşam
A1evening
akşamüstü
B1عصر دیرهنگام با هم ملاقات میکنیم.
almak
A1to take, to buy
