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A2 verb 9 دقیقه مطالعه

经过

jingguo
مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 经过 در ۳۰ ثانیه
توضیح 经过 in your Level:
At the A1 level, you only need to understand 经过 as a simple verb meaning 'to pass'. Think of it like walking past a place. For example, if you walk past a school to go to the park, you '经过' the school. It is a physical action. You might use it when giving very simple directions or describing your daily routine. Focus on the structure: 'Subject + 经过 + Place'. Don't worry about the abstract meanings yet. Just remember it as 'going past' something without stopping. For instance, 'I pass the bank' is '我经过银行'. It is a very useful word for describing your environment and how you move through it on a basic level. You will often see it in early textbooks describing people meeting on the street or buses stopping at different stations. It helps you build sentences about where you are and where you are going.
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At the A2 level, 经过 becomes more useful as you start to describe events in time. You will learn to use it at the beginning of a sentence to mean 'after' or 'through'. For example, '经过两天的学习' means 'After two days of studying'. This is a key transition word that helps you connect a cause to a result. You should also recognize it as a way to describe a route. If you are taking a bus, the bus '经过' (passes through) several stops. You will start to see it in short stories and simple news reports. A common sentence pattern at this level is '经过 [Effort], [Success]'. For example: '经过努力，他学会了汉语' (After effort, he learned Chinese). This shows a progression from a beginner's simple physical description to a more intermediate logical connection between actions.
By B1, you are expected to use 经过 to describe the 'process' or 'details' of an event (acting as a noun). When someone asks you '事情的经过是什么？', they want to know the whole story from beginning to end. You should be able to distinguish between 经过 and 通过. Remember: 经过 is about the journey/time, while 通过 is about the method or passing a test. You will also use 经过 in more formal contexts, such as describing a scientific experiment or a business process. For example, '经过多次实验' (After many experiments). At this level, you should be comfortable using it to structure longer narratives, using it as a chronological marker to show how one state evolved into another over a period of time. It becomes a tool for storytelling and explaining complex situations.
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At the B2 level, you should master the nuance of 经过 in formal and written Chinese. You will encounter it in legal, academic, and professional texts. Here, it often introduces a necessary procedural step. For example, '经过批准' (after being approved) or '经过审议' (after deliberation). You should also understand its metaphorical uses, such as '经过风雨' (having experienced hardships). You should be able to use 经过 to create complex sentences that show a deep understanding of cause-and-effect relationships. Your vocabulary should also include related formal terms like '历经' (to go through over a long time). At B2, you are not just saying 'after'; you are using 经过 to imply that the process itself was significant and led to the current state of affairs. You can also use it to describe the evolution of ideas or historical movements.
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At the C1 level, you use 经过 with precision to differentiate between physical passage, temporal duration, and procedural necessity. You will understand its role in classical-style four-character idioms and formal discourse. You can use it to discuss abstract concepts, such as '经过时间的洗礼' (having stood the test of time). In academic writing, you use 经过 to outline the methodology of a study, ensuring the reader understands the rigorous process involved. You are also sensitive to the register of the word, knowing when to use 经过 and when a more specific verb like 穿过 (chuānguò - to pass through the middle) or 绕过 (ràoguò - to bypass) is required. Your usage is fluid, and you can explain the '经过' of complex social phenomena or historical events with detail and accuracy, using the word to anchor your narrative.
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At the C2 level, your mastery of 经过 is indistinguishable from a native speaker. You use it effortlessly in high-level diplomatic, legal, and literary contexts. You understand the deep etymological roots of the word and how it interacts with other characters to form nuanced meanings. You might use it in philosophical discussions about the 'passage' of life or the 'process' of existence. You can detect subtle shades of meaning when 经过 is used in poetry or classical literature. For you, 经过 is not just a vocabulary word; it is a structural element of the language that allows for the elegant expression of time, space, and causality. You can use it to construct sophisticated arguments, provide expert testimony on the '经过' of an incident, or write evocative prose that captures the essence of a journey or a transformation.
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مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

经过 در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • 经过 (jīngguò) is an A2-level word used to describe passing a physical location, like a shop or a station.
  • It also acts as a preposition meaning 'after' or 'through,' showing how effort or time leads to a specific result.
  • As a noun, it means the 'process' or 'details' of an event, often used in storytelling or reports.
  • Commonly confused with 通过 (tōngguò), but 经过 focuses more on the experience and time rather than the method.

The Chinese word 经过 (jīngguò) is a multifaceted term that every learner must master because it bridges the gap between physical movement and the abstract concept of time or process. At its most basic level, it functions as a verb meaning 'to pass by' or 'to go through' a specific physical location. Imagine you are walking down a street and you pass a famous landmark; in Chinese, you would use 经过 to describe that action. However, its utility extends far beyond simple navigation. It is frequently employed as a preposition to indicate that a certain result was achieved after a period of time or a series of actions, similar to the English 'after' or 'through'. For example, if you say 'After much hard work, I passed the exam,' you would use 经过 to introduce the 'hard work' phase. Finally, 经过 can act as a noun referring to the 'process' or 'the sequence of events' of an incident. If a police officer asks you for the details of an accident, they are asking for the 经过. This versatility makes it indispensable in both daily conversation and formal writing.

Physical Passage
Used when a person or object moves past a point. Example: 'The bus passes the library.' (汽车经过图书馆。)
Temporal/Process Preposition
Used to introduce a necessary condition or experience that leads to a result. Example: 'After discussion, we decided...' (经过讨论，我们决定...)
The Entire Story (Noun)
Refers to the 'how' and 'why' of an event. Example: 'Tell me the whole story.' (告诉我事情的经过。)

“我每天上班都会经过那家咖啡店，但从来没进去过。”

— Common Daily Usage (I pass that coffee shop every day on my way to work...)

Understanding the nuances of 经过 requires looking at its components. 经 (jīng) relates to threads or classics, implying a path or a constant flow, while 过 (guò) means to cross or surpass. Together, they suggest a movement that follows a path or crosses a threshold. In professional settings, you will hear it in phrases like '经过研究' (after research) or '经过批准' (after approval). It adds a sense of logical progression to your sentences. Whether you are describing a journey across Europe or the long process of learning Mandarin, 经过 provides the structural backbone to explain how you got from point A to point B, both literally and figuratively.

“经过三年的努力，他终于拿到了博士学位。”

— Achievement Context (After three years of effort, he finally got his PhD.)

Mastering 经过 involves understanding three distinct grammatical patterns. Each pattern serves a different communicative purpose, ranging from simple navigation to complex causal explanations. Because 经过 can change its part of speech based on its position in a sentence, learners must pay close attention to the words surrounding it. In this section, we will break down these patterns with detailed examples and structural guides to ensure you can use 经过 accurately in any context.

Pattern 1: Subject + 经过 + Place/Location

This is the most literal usage. It describes moving past a point. Note that 经过 is the main verb here.

Example: 我刚才经过超市的时候，看见了王老师。
(When I passed the supermarket just now, I saw Teacher Wang.)

Pattern 2: 经过 + Time/Action/Effort, [Result]

Here, 经过 acts as a preposition. It sets the stage for a result that occurred because of a prior experience. This is extremely common in storytelling and formal reporting.

Example: 经过医生的治疗，他的病好了。
(Through the doctor's treatment, his illness was cured.)

Pattern 3: [Event] + 的 + 经过

In this structure, 经过 is a noun meaning 'the whole story' or 'the process'. It is usually preceded by a possessive '的'.

Example: 请你把事情的经过说一遍。
(Please describe the sequence of events once.)

“我们经过了漫长的等待，才等到了这封信。”

— Emphasizing Duration (We went through a long wait before receiving this letter.)

When using 经过 as a preposition at the start of a sentence, it is often paired with words like '努力' (effort), '思考' (reflection), or '调查' (investigation). This creates a logical flow that shows the listener you are explaining the background of a situation. In writing, this is a sophisticated way to transition from a cause to an effect. For instance, '经过反复考虑，我决定辞职' (After repeated consideration, I decided to resign). This sounds much more professional than simply saying 'I thought about it and quit'.

The word 经过 is ubiquitous in the Chinese-speaking world, appearing in contexts ranging from high-stakes legal proceedings to casual chats about one's commute. Understanding where and how it is used in the real world will help you recognize its patterns and use it more naturally. Here are the primary domains where you will encounter this word frequently.

Transportation and Travel
In subways and buses, you will hear announcements like '本班车经过...' (This bus passes through...). If you are asking for directions, someone might say '你经过第二号路口后向左转' (After you pass the second intersection, turn left).
News and Media Reports
Journalists use 经过 to summarize how an event unfolded. Headlines often begin with '经过调查...' (After investigation...) or '经过多方努力...' (After efforts from many parties...). It is the standard way to provide a chronological summary of events.
Workplace and Business
In meetings, you might hear '经过我们的分析' (Through our analysis) or '这个项目经过了多次修改' (This project has gone through many revisions). It signifies that a result is not random but the product of a specific process.

“警察正在询问目击者案发的经过。”

— Legal Context (The police are asking witnesses about the sequence of events of the crime.)

In literature and film, 经过 is used to describe a character's journey or the passing of seasons. It carries a certain weight of experience. When you hear '经过风雨' (having gone through wind and rain), it's a metaphor for having survived hardships. This idiomatic use is common in songs and motivational speeches. Whether it's the physical act of walking past a friend's house or the emotional process of overcoming a challenge, 经过 is the word that connects the beginning of an experience to its end.

While 经过 is a foundational word, its multifaceted nature leads to several common errors among English speakers. These mistakes usually stem from direct translation from English or confusing 经过 with similar-sounding or similar-meaning Chinese words. By identifying these pitfalls, you can refine your usage and sound more like a native speaker.

Confusing '经过' with '及格' (Pass an Exam)
In English, we say 'I passed the exam.' A beginner might say '我经过了考试.' However, 经过 means you physically went through the exam room or the time period of the exam. To say you succeeded, you must use 及格 (jígé) or 通过 (tōngguò).
Misusing '经过' vs '通过' (Method vs Process)
This is the most common high-level mistake. Use 经过 when emphasizing the *experience* or *time elapsed*. Use 通过 when emphasizing the *tool*, *medium*, or *channel*. For example: '通过互联网' (via the internet) is correct; '经过互联网' sounds like you are physically passing the internet.
Redundant '的' in Prepositional Use
When using 经过 to mean 'after/through', don't add '的' before the result. Incorrect: '经过努力的，我成功了.' Correct: '经过努力，我成功了.'

“错误：我经过了考试 (I passed the exam).
正确：我通过了考试。”

— The 'Pass' Trap

Another mistake is using 经过 as a noun without a context. In English, you can say 'The process was hard.' In Chinese, you usually need to specify *what* process: '工作的经过' (the process of the work) or '事情的经过' (the process of the matter). Without the preceding noun, '经过' can feel incomplete. Lastly, remember that 经过 implies a completion of the 'passing'. If you are currently in the middle of something, you might use '正在通过' or '在...过程中'.

To truly master Chinese, you must understand how 经过 relates to its synonyms. Chinese is a language of subtle distinctions, where choosing the right word for 'pass' or 'through' depends entirely on the context. Here is a comparison of 经过 with its most common alternatives.

1. 经过 (jīngguò) vs. 通过 (tōngguò)

经过: Focuses on the experience, the time spent, or physical proximity. It is more passive. (e.g., After years of waiting...)

通过: Focuses on the means, the channel, or meeting a standard. It is more active. (e.g., Via a friend's introduction...)

2. 经过 (jīngguò) vs. 走过 (zǒuguò)

经过: Can be used for vehicles, time, or abstract processes. It is broad.

走过: Specifically implies 'walking' past or through. It is more literal and visual. You wouldn't say a process '走过' unless using poetic personification.

3. 经过 (jīngguò) vs. 经历 (jīnglì)

经过: Often refers to the factual sequence of events or a physical path.

经历: Refers to personal experiences, especially those that have an emotional impact or contribute to one's growth. You '经历' a war or '经历' heartbreak.

经过: 经过车站 (Pass the station)
通过: 通过考试 (Pass the exam)
经历: 经历困难 (Experience hardship)
走过: 走过桥 (Walk across the bridge)

When should you use 历经 (lìjīng)? This is a more formal, literary version of 经过. It is used in written Chinese to emphasize that a process was long, difficult, or historical. For example, '历经沧桑' (having gone through the great changes of the world). For daily conversation, stick to 经过. If you want to describe a 'route' in a technical sense, you might use 路径 (lùjìng). However, for 90% of situations involving 'passing by' or 'after a process', 经过 remains your most reliable and versatile choice.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

In ancient times, 经 referred to the most important books (classics) because they were seen as the 'warp' or foundation of society. That's why '经过' feels so fundamental—it's about the essential path an event takes.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /dʒɪŋ ɡwɔː/
US /dʒɪŋ ɡwɔ/
Primary stress on the first syllable 'jīng'.
هم‌قافیه با
星 (xīng) 兵 (bīng) 青 (qīng) 听 (tīng) 错 (cuò) 落 (luò) 破 (pò) 货 (huò)
خطاهای رایج
  • Pronouncing 'j' as 'zh' (like 'judge').
  • Failing to make 'jīng' high and flat enough.
  • Confusing the 4th tone of 'guò' with a 3rd tone.
  • Pronouncing 'uo' as a simple 'o'.
  • Slurring the two syllables together too quickly.
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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

我每天经过这间学校。

I pass this school every day.

Subject + 经过 + Place

2

公车经过银行吗？

Does the bus pass the bank?

Interrogative sentence with 经过

3

他经过我身边的时候没说话。

He didn't speak when he passed by me.

经过 + Person

4

我们经过了那座大桥。

We passed that big bridge.

Past action with 了

5

不要经过那里，那里在修路。

Don't go through there; they are fixing the road.

Negative imperative

6

小猫经过了花园。

The kitten passed through the garden.

Simple subject-verb-object

7

我刚才经过你的办公室。

I just passed your office.

Time adverb + 经过

8

火车经过了很多小镇。

The train passed many small towns.

Quantifier + Noun

1

经过一个月的努力，他减肥成功了。

After a month of effort, he successfully lost weight.

经过 + Time + Effort

2

经过老师的解释，我懂了。

After the teacher's explanation, I understood.

经过 as a preposition

3

这辆车不经过市中心。

This bus does not pass through the city center.

Negative usage in transport

4

经过考虑，我买了那台电脑。

After consideration, I bought that computer.

经过 + Mental process

5

我们要经过一片森林才能到家。

We have to go through a forest to get home.

经过 + Physical obstacle

6

经过这次考试，我知道了我的弱点。

Through this exam, I learned my weaknesses.

经过 + Event

7

他经过了长时间的休息，身体好多了。

After a long rest, he feels much better.

经过 + Duration

8

经过讨论，大家同意了这个计划。

After discussion, everyone agreed to the plan.

Formal prepositional use

1

请你把事情的经过详细告诉我。

Please tell me the details of the incident in detail.

经过 used as a noun

2

经过多方打听，他终于找到了失散多年的哥哥。

After inquiring in many places, he finally found his long-lost brother.

经过 + Multiple actions

3

这个产品经过了严格的质量检测。

This product has gone through strict quality testing.

經過 + Adjective + Noun

4

经过几年的发展，这个小村庄变成了城市。

After several years of development, this small village turned into a city.

经过 + Developmental process

5

我只是经过，并不打算待太久。

I'm just passing through; I don't plan to stay long.

经过 used to indicate transit

6

经过医生的抢救，病人脱离了危险。

Through the doctor's emergency treatment, the patient is out of danger.

经过 + Life-saving action

7

这件事情的经过非常复杂。

The process of this matter is very complicated.

Noun usage with adjective

8

经过反复练习，他的钢琴水平提高了很多。

After repeated practice, his piano level improved a lot.

经过 + Repetitive action

1

经过层层筛选，她最终获得了这个职位。

After layers of screening, she finally obtained the position.

经过 + Reduplicated noun (layer by layer)

2

该法案经过议会的激烈辩论后通过了。

The bill was passed after heated debate in parliament.

Formal political context

3

经过岁月的洗礼，这座建筑显得更加庄严。

After the baptism of years, this building appears even more solemn.

Metaphorical usage

4

我们的合作经过了时间的考验。

Our partnership has stood the test of time.

Abstract noun object

5

经过慎重研究，我们决定调整市场策略。

After careful research, we decided to adjust our market strategy.

Professional decision making

6

他的一生经过了无数坎坷。

His life has gone through countless ups and downs.

经过 used for life experiences

7

经过一番努力，问题终于得到了解决。

After a burst of effort, the problem was finally resolved.

经过 + Measure word (一番)

8

经过多次修改，这篇论文终于发表了。

After many revisions, this paper was finally published.

Academic context

1

经过这种极端的环境，材料的性能会发生变化。

After undergoing this extreme environment, the material's properties will change.

Technical/Scientific usage

2

他向法庭陈述了案发的全部经过。

He stated the entire sequence of events of the crime to the court.

Formal legal noun usage

3

经过长期的观察，科学家发现了这种规律。

Through long-term observation, scientists discovered this pattern.

Empirical research context

4

经过艺术家的巧手，废旧物品变成了艺术品。

Through the artist's skillful hands, discarded items became artworks.

經過 + Person's specific attribute

5

这一政策经过公示，广泛征求了公众意见。

This policy, after being publicized, widely solicited public opinion.

Administrative procedure

6

经过历史的沉淀，文化变得更加深厚。

After the accumulation of history, the culture has become more profound.

Abstract historical usage

7

这些数据经过处理后，才能进行分析。

These data must be processed before they can be analyzed.

Data science context

8

经过不懈追求，他终于实现了自己的梦想。

Through unremitting pursuit, he finally realized his dream.

Literary/Inspirational usage

1

该项决议须经过三分之二以上成员的同意方可生效。

The resolution shall take effect only after the consent of more than two-thirds of the members.

Legal/Constitutional requirement

2

经过一番唇枪舌战，双方终于达成了协议。

After a fierce war of words, the two sides finally reached an agreement.

Idiomatic usage (唇枪舌战)

3

这种物质经过催化反应，会释放出大量的能量。

This substance, after a catalytic reaction, will release a large amount of energy.

Advanced chemical terminology

4

经过多年的潜心钻研，他在该领域取得了突破性进展。

After years of dedicated research, he has made breakthrough progress in this field.

High-level academic praise

5

作品经过精雕细琢，呈现出完美的艺术效果。

The work, after meticulous carving and polishing, presents a perfect artistic effect.

Artistic critique

6

经过严密的逻辑推理，作者得出了这一结论。

Through rigorous logical reasoning, the author arrived at this conclusion.

Philosophical/Logical discourse

7

经过权衡利弊，政府决定推迟执行新规定。

After weighing the pros and cons, the government decided to postpone the implementation of the new regulations.

Policy-making terminology

8

经过血与火的考验，这支军队变得无坚不摧。

After the test of blood and fire, this army became invincible.

Military/Historical rhetoric

ترکیب‌های رایج

经过努力
经过讨论
事情的经过
经过车站
经过时间
经过批准
经过调查
经过洗礼
经过筛选
路过/经过

عبارات رایج

必经之路

— The road one must pass; an inevitable path.

这是成功的必经之路。

经过一番

— After a period of (effort, struggle, etc.).

经过一番思考，他同意了。

所经之处

— Everywhere one passes.

所经之处，人们纷纷欢迎。

经过处理

— Having been processed or treated.

这些水是经过处理的。

经过验证

— Verified; proven through testing.

这种方法经过了验证。

经过多方

— Through multiple parties or various ways.

经过多方协调，问题解决了。

经过考验

— Tested; having survived a trial.

他们的友谊经过了考验。

经过长途

— After a long journey.

他经过长途跋涉，终于到了。

经过精选

— Carefully selected.

这些都是经过精选的礼品。

经过同意

— With permission/consent.

未经同意，不得进入。

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"必经之路"

— A road that must be traveled; the only way to a goal.

挫折是成功的必经之路。

Common
"历经沧桑"

— To have gone through many changes and hardships in life.

这位老人的脸上写满了历经沧桑的痕迹。

Literary
"身经百战"

— To have experienced many battles; highly experienced.

他是一位身经百战的老将军。

Formal
"经久不衰"

— Enduring; not fading over a long time.

这部经典电影经久不衰。

Formal
"名经传"

— Famous in classics (often used as 不见经传 - not found in classics/unknown).

他是个不见经传的小人物。

Literary
"经过风雨"

— To go through hardships (wind and rain).

不经过风雨，怎么见彩虹？

Inspirational
"经世致用"

— Studying for the purpose of practical application to society.

中国古代学者提倡经世致用。

Academic
"漫不经心"

— Careless; casual; not paying attention.

他漫不经心地看了一眼报纸。

Common
"饱经风霜"

— Weather-beaten; having experienced many hardships.

他那双饱经风霜的手布满了老茧。

Literary
"荒诞不经"

— Absurd; not according to the classics/reason.

这个故事听起来荒诞不经。

Formal

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

经历 (Experience)
经验 (Experience/Skill)
经典 (Classic)
过程 (Process)

فعل‌ها

通过 (To pass/via)
走过 (To walk past)
渡过 (To cross/survive)
经营 (To manage/operate)

صفت‌ها

经常 (Frequent)
经济 (Economic)
经久 (Durable)

مرتبط

经过处
经由
路径
通道
往来
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روش یادسپاری

Think of 'Jing' as a 'Journey' and 'Guo' as 'Go'. You are on a 'Journey' where you 'Go' past many things.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a thread (经) passing through the eye of a needle or crossing a line (过).

شبکه واژگان

Travel Time Process Effort Route History Story Method

چالش

Try to use 经过 in three different ways today: once for a place you pass, once for a time period, and once to describe a story's process.

ریشه کلمه

The character 经 (jīng) originally referred to the warp threads on a loom, symbolizing a vertical path or a standard. 过 (guò) originally meant to pass or cross a space. Together, they form the concept of following a path across a threshold.

معنای اصلی: To pass along a set path or thread.

Sino-Tibetan

بافت فرهنگی

No specific sensitivities; however, in legal contexts, '经过' implies a factual account, so accuracy is expected.

English speakers often use 'after' or 'through', but 经过 is more specific about the 'passage' aspect.

The song '不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹' (How can you see a rainbow without going through wind and rain?) The classic 'Heart Sutra' is called 心经 (Xīnjīng). The concept of 'Long March' (长征) involves 经过 many provinces.
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