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A2 pronoun #2,500 پرکاربردترین 8 دقیقه مطالعه

星期几

xingqi ji
At the A1 level, '星期几' (xīngqī jǐ) is one of the first 'question phrases' you learn. It is used to ask 'What day of the week is it?'. You should learn it alongside the numbers 1 to 6. In Chinese, the days of the week are very easy: you just say the word for week (星期) and then the number. Monday is 1, Tuesday is 2, and so on. Sunday is the only special one (星期天 or 星期日). When you want to ask which day it is, you just replace the number with '几' (jǐ), which means 'how many'. So, '星期几' literally means 'Week how many?'. A common sentence is '今天星期几？' (Jīntiān xīngqī jǐ?), which means 'What day is today?'. You don't even need the word 'is' (是) in this simple sentence! Just remember: don't say '星期七' for Sunday!
At the A2 level, you start using '星期几' in more complex ways, such as making appointments or talking about your weekly routine. You will learn to place '星期几' before a verb to ask when an action happens. For example, '你星期几有课？' (Which day do you have class?). You also learn that there are other words for 'week' like '周' (zhōu) and '礼拜' (lǐbài). So, '周几' and '礼拜几' mean the same thing as '星期几'. At this level, you should also be careful not to confuse '星期几' with '几个星期'. '星期几' asks 'which day', while '几个星期' asks 'how many weeks'. You will also start using time words like '下个' (next) or '上个' (last) with it, such as '下个星期几？' (Which day next week?).
At the B1 level, '星期几' becomes a tool for more fluid conversation and scheduling. You will use it in subordinate clauses and more complex sentence structures. For instance, you might say '我不记得他是星期几来的' (I don't remember which day of the week he came). You also begin to distinguish the nuances between '星期', '周', and '礼拜'. '周' is often used in more formal or professional contexts (like '周一' in a business email), while '礼拜' is more common in casual, spoken Southern Chinese or Taiwanese Mandarin. You will also use '星期几' with '每' (every) to talk about habits: '你每个星期几去健身房？' (Which day every week do you go to the gym?). Your understanding of '几' as an indeterminate number also grows, seeing how it functions in questions where the expected answer is a small number.
At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using '星期几' and its variants in all registers of speech and writing. You will encounter it in idiomatic expressions or more formal structures like '无论星期几' (no matter which day of the week). You should also understand the historical and cultural background: why '星期' (Star Period) is used and how it relates to the ancient concept of the Seven Luminaries. At this level, you might also notice '星期几' used in rhetorical questions or to express frustration about a schedule. You should be able to switch between '星期几', '周几', and '礼拜几' effortlessly depending on who you are talking to. You also understand that in written Chinese, '周' is often preferred for conciseness in charts, schedules, and news headlines.
At the C1 level, your use of '星期几' is native-like, and you understand its role in the broader linguistic system of Mandarin. You can analyze the syntax of '星期几' as an interrogative noun phrase and how it functions as a temporal adverbial. You are aware of regional preferences—for example, the high frequency of '礼拜' in Cantonese-influenced Mandarin or '周' in mainland corporate culture. You can use the phrase in complex hypothetical or conditional sentences, such as '如果你确定是星期几，请务必告诉我' (If you are certain which day of the week it is, please be sure to tell me). You also recognize its use in literary or more sophisticated journalistic contexts where the concept of time is being discussed philosophically or analytically.
At the C2 level, you possess a comprehensive understanding of '星期几' from both a linguistic and sociolinguistic perspective. You can discuss the evolution of the Chinese calendar from the lunar system to the adoption of the seven-day week and how the terminology '星期' vs '礼拜' reflects historical shifts and Western influence. You understand the deep grammar of '几' as a placeholder in the numerical sequence of the week and can identify rare or archaic uses of similar structures in classical-style modern prose. Your mastery allows you to use the phrase with subtle irony, in complex legal or technical schedules, or within deep academic discussions about Chinese temporal perception. You are also fully aware of how different Chinese-speaking communities (Singapore, Malaysia, Taiwan, Mainland China) might favor one variant over another in specific professional niches.
تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

星期几 در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • Used to ask for the day of the week.
  • Combines 'week' (星期) with 'how many' (几).
  • Answers range from 1 to 6, plus Sunday (日/天).
  • Can be replaced by '周几' or '礼拜几' in casual speech.

The phrase 星期几 (xīngqī jǐ) is the fundamental interrogative construction used in Mandarin Chinese to inquire about the specific day of the week. To understand this phrase, one must break it down into its constituent parts: 星期 (xīngqī), meaning 'week' or literally 'star period', and 几 (jǐ), which is an interrogative pronoun used for small numbers (typically under ten). Unlike English, where days of the week have unique names derived from Norse or Roman mythology (Monday, Tuesday, etc.), Chinese employs a logical, numerical system. The days are simply 'Week 1', 'Week 2', and so on. Therefore, asking '星期几' is literally asking 'Week how-many?' or 'Which number of the week is it?'. This numerical logic makes the Chinese calendar system exceptionally accessible to learners, as once you can count to six, you already know six-sevenths of the weekly vocabulary.

Grammatical Function
It acts as a noun phrase functioning as an interrogative pronoun, usually appearing in the predicate position.
Numerical Range
The answer to '几' in this context is always an integer from 1 to 6, or the special terms for Sunday.
Semantic Scope
It specifically targets the seven-day cycle and cannot be used to ask for dates (month/day).

"今天星期几？" (Jīntiān xīngqī jǐ?) - What day of the week is it today?

— Common daily inquiry

Historically, the term '星期' refers to the 'period of stars', a concept tracing back to the ancient 'Seven Luminaries' (Sun, Moon, and the five visible planets). While the names of the days have shifted to a numerical format in modern standard Mandarin, the root 'star' remains. When you ask '星期几', you are participating in a linguistic tradition that simplified complex celestial naming into a practical, math-based system. It is important to note that '几' replaces the number in the answer. If the answer is '星期三' (Wednesday), the '三' (three) is what the '几' was looking for.

"你星期几有空？" (Nǐ xīngqī jǐ yǒu kòng?) - Which day of the week are you free?

Furthermore, the concept of '星期' is interchangeable in daily speech with '周' (zhōu) and '礼拜' (lǐbài). Thus, you will also hear '周几' and '礼拜几'. While '星期' is the most standard and formal, '周' is increasingly popular in urban settings for its brevity, and '礼拜' carries a slightly more colloquial or traditional (and historically religious) undertone. Regardless of the prefix, the '几' remains the constant interrogative marker for the day.

"下个星期几开会？" (Xià gè xīngqī jǐ kāihuì?) - Which day next week is the meeting?

"他不记得是星期几了。" (Tā bù jìdé shì xīngqī jǐ le.) - He doesn't remember which day of the week it was.

Using 星期几 is remarkably straightforward due to the logical structure of Chinese grammar. The most common sentence pattern is [Time Word] + 星期几?. Unlike English, which requires the verb 'to be' (e.g., 'What day *is* it?'), Chinese often omits the verb 是 (shì) when talking about dates, days, or times in a simple subject-predicate construction, although including it is also grammatically correct and often used for emphasis.

  • Direct Inquiry: "今天星期几？" (Today week-how-many?)
  • With the verb 'to be': "今天是星期几？" (Today is week-how-many?)
  • Future/Past Reference: "昨天星期几？" (Yesterday week-how-many?) or "明天星期几？" (Tomorrow week-how-many?)

When '星期几' is used within a larger sentence, it often functions as a placeholder for a specific day. For example, if you want to ask 'On what day do you go to the gym?', the structure is Subject + 星期几 + Verb?. This follows the standard Chinese word order where time expressions (when) come before the verb.

"你星期几去学校？" (Nǐ xīngqī jǐ qù xuéxiào?) - What day of the week do you go to school?

Answering the question is even easier. You simply replace the word 几 with the number corresponding to the day: 1 for Monday (星期一), 2 for Tuesday (星期二), 3 for Wednesday (星期三), 4 for Thursday (星期四), 5 for Friday (星期五), and 6 for Saturday (星期六). The only exception is Sunday, which is 星期日 (xīngqīrì) or 星期天 (xīngqītiān). You never say '星期七'.

In more complex sentences, '星期几' can be used in the 'regardless of' structure: 不管星期几... (No matter which day of the week...). This shows the phrase's flexibility beyond a simple question mark. It can also be used to express uncertainty: "我不确定是星期几" (I'm not sure which day it is).

You will encounter 星期几 in almost every facet of daily life in Chinese-speaking environments. It is a 'survival' phrase that appears in both high-frequency casual conversations and formal scheduling contexts. Because the seven-day week is the standard pulse of modern society, this phrase is the key to unlocking social life, work schedules, and travel plans.

In the Workplace
Colleagues use it to coordinate meetings: "我们星期几开会比较好？" (Which day of the week is better for us to have the meeting?)
In Schools
Students and teachers use it to discuss class schedules: "星期几有中文课？" (Which days are Chinese classes?)
At Home
Family members use it for planning: "你这周星期几回来吃饭？" (Which day this week are you coming home for dinner?)

Public transport and service industries also utilize this phrase. You might hear it at a train station when asking about specific schedules, or at a restaurant when asking about their closing days. In media, news anchors might use it when announcing upcoming events, and characters in TV dramas constantly use it to set up plot points involving appointments or deadlines.

"医生，我星期几可以来复查？" (Yīshēng, wǒ xīngqī jǐ kěyǐ lái fùchá?) - Doctor, which day of the week can I come for a follow-up?

In the digital age, you'll see it in calendar apps, booking systems, and social media event pages. When setting a reminder on a phone in Chinese, the interface will often ask '星期几？' to determine the repetition pattern. It is also a staple of weather forecasts: "星期几会下雨？" (Which day of the week will it rain?). Essentially, anywhere there is a schedule, '星期几' is the primary tool for navigation.

Even though the logic is simple, learners often trip over a few specific hurdles when using 星期几. The most frequent error is the 'Sunday Trap'. Since Monday through Saturday are numbered 1-6, many students logically assume Sunday is '星期七' (Week 7). However, Sunday is always 星期日 or 星期天. If you ask '星期几', and the answer is Sunday, the respondent will never say '7'.

Another common mistake is confusing 几 (jǐ) with 哪 (nǎ - which). In English, we say "*Which* day of the week?", leading students to say "哪个星期" or "哪天星期". While "哪天" (nǎ tiān - which day) is a valid alternative, "哪" cannot be combined with "星期" to ask for the day of the week in the same way "几" can. '星期几' is a fixed construction.

Confusing Dates and Days
Learners sometimes use '星期几' when they want to know the date (e.g., October 5th). For dates, you must use '几月几号' (jǐ yuè jǐ hào).
Word Order Issues
English speakers often put the time at the end of the sentence. In Chinese, '星期几' must come before the verb. "You go school what day?" is the correct logic for Chinese, not "You go school on what day?"

Finally, there is the confusion between 几个星期 (jǐ gè xīngqī) and 星期几. The addition of the measure word 个 (gè) changes the meaning entirely from 'which day of the week' to 'how many weeks'. If you ask "你在这里住几个星期？", you are asking "How many weeks are you staying here?", not "Which day of the week are you staying here?".

While 星期几 is the standard term taught in textbooks, Mandarin has several synonyms that are used depending on the region, the level of formality, and personal preference. Understanding these variations is crucial for achieving natural-sounding fluency and for comprehending different dialects of Mandarin.

周几 (zhōu jǐ)
This is the most common alternative. It is shorter, punchier, and very common in written Chinese and professional settings. It follows the same logic: 周一, 周二, etc.
礼拜几 (lǐbài jǐ)
Common in Southern China, Taiwan, and among older generations. '礼拜' means 'worship', reflecting the Christian influence on the introduction of the seven-day week to China. It is quite colloquial.
哪天 (nǎ tiān)
Literally 'which day'. This is more general. While '星期几' specifically asks for the day of the week, '哪天' could refer to a specific date or a day of the week depending on context.

When comparing 星期, 周, and 礼拜, the interrogative '几' remains the constant. However, there are subtle differences in how they handle Sunday. '星期' uses '日' or '天'; '礼拜' uses '日' or '天'; but '周' almost exclusively uses '日' (周日). You will rarely hear '周天' except in specific regional dialects.

"你周几方便？" vs "你星期几方便？"

The former is slightly more casual/modern; the latter is standard.

In summary, while '星期几' is your 'safe' bet for any situation, being aware of '周几' and '礼拜几' will make you a much more versatile listener. In business contexts, '周' is often preferred for its efficiency (e.g., 周一至周五 - Mon to Fri).

چقدر رسمی است؟

رسمی

""

غیر رسمی

""

عامیانه

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سطح دشواری

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گرامر لازم

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

今天星期几？

Today week how-many?

Simple subject-predicate sentence without 'shì'.

2

明天星期几？

Tomorrow week how-many?

Time word 'míngtiān' replaces 'jīntiān'.

3

昨天星期几？

Yesterday week how-many?

Past time reference.

4

今天是星期几？

Today is week how-many?

Using 'shì' for emphasis or formal structure.

5

星期几是你的生日？

Which day of the week is your birthday?

'Xīngqī jǐ' as the subject.

6

星期一、星期二，今天星期几？

Monday, Tuesday, today is what day?

Listing sequence before asking.

7

那是星期几？

That was which day of the week?

Demonstrative pronoun 'nà'.

8

星期几有中文课？

Which day has Chinese class?

Asking about existence/occurrence.

1

你星期几去超市？

You which day go supermarket?

Time-when before the verb.

2

下个星期几是你的面试？

Which day next week is your interview?

'Xià gè' modifies the week.

3

上个星期几你不在家？

Which day last week were you not home?

Negative sentence with time reference.

4

我们要星期几见面？

We want which day meet?

Using auxiliary verb 'yào'.

5

你每个星期几去跑步？

You every which day go running?

'Měi gè' indicates frequency.

6

我不记得是星期几了。

I don't remember is which day (particle).

Indirect question as an object.

7

星期几去北京最好？

Which day go Beijing best?

Asking for an opinion/recommendation.

8

他星期几有空？

He which day has free time?

Common phrase 'yǒu kòng'.

1

请告诉我你星期几方便开会。

Please tell me you which day convenient have meeting.

Polite request with embedded question.

2

无论星期几，他都去图书馆。

No matter which day, he always goes library.

'Wúlùn... dōu...' structure.

3

你还记得我们第一次见面是星期几吗？

Do you still remember our first meeting was which day?

Complex sentence with a noun clause.

4

我想知道这周星期几会有大雨。

I want to know this week which day will have heavy rain.

Future intent with 'huì'.

5

你通常星期几做家务？

You usually which day do housework?

Adverb 'tōngcháng' (usually).

6

星期几的机票最便宜？

Which day's plane ticket is cheapest?

Using 'de' to modify a noun.

7

他没说星期几回来。

He didn't say which day come back.

Negative past with 'méi'.

8

你决定好星期几出发了吗？

Have you decided which day to set off?

Resultative complement 'hǎo'.

1

不管星期几，这里的交通都很拥挤。

Regardless of the day, traffic here is crowded.

Conjunction 'bùguǎn'.

2

你能确认一下面试具体是星期几吗？

Can you confirm specifically which day the interview is?

Using 'quèrèn' (confirm) and 'jùtǐ' (specifically).

3

我需要查一下日历看那是星期几。

I need to check the calendar to see which day that was.

Serial verb construction.

4

这个活动定在星期几比较合适？

Which day is more suitable to set this activity?

Passive-like structure with 'dìng zài'.

5

他总是忘记今天是星期几。

He always forgets what day it is today.

Adverb 'zǒngshì' (always).

6

星期几并不是重点，重点是我们要准时。

Which day isn't the point, the point is we must be on time.

'...bìng bù shì...' for strong negation.

7

由于不知道是星期几，我错过了那场比赛。

Because of not knowing which day it was, I missed the match.

Causal conjunction 'yóuyú'.

8

你能不能告诉我你这周星期几有空帮我个忙？

Can you tell me which day this week you are free to help me?

Polite inquiry with multiple clauses.

1

在那个年代，人们并不太在意今天是星期几。

In that era, people didn't care much about what day it was.

Abstract temporal context.

2

无论星期几，这座城市的节奏始终如一。

No matter the day, the city's rhythm remains the same.

Literary expression 'shǐzhōng rúyī'.

3

他甚至无法分辨星期几和日期的区别。

He couldn't even distinguish the difference between the day and the date.

Using 'fēnbiàn' (distinguish).

4

请在表格中注明您希望在星期几进行预约。

Please indicate in the form which day you wish to make an appointment.

Formal verb 'zhùmíng' (indicate).

5

我不确定这种习俗起源于星期几的说法。

I'm not sure if this custom originated from a 'day of the week' saying.

Noun phrase 'xīngqī jǐ de shuōfǎ'.

6

对于一个退休的人来说，星期几已经不再重要了。

For a retired person, the day of the week is no longer important.

Prepositional phrase 'duìyú... lái shuō'.

7

我们需要统计出星期几的客流量最大。

We need to calculate which day has the highest passenger flow.

Technical term 'kèliúliàng'.

8

他总是纠结于到底是星期几发生的这件事。

He is always obsessed with exactly which day this happened.

Verb 'jiūjié' (obsess/struggle).

1

星期几这一概念的引入，深刻改变了中国人的时间观。

The introduction of the 'day of the week' concept profoundly changed Chinese views of time.

Topic-comment structure with philosophical depth.

2

在法律文书中，必须明确指代是星期几以避免歧义。

In legal documents, the day of the week must be clearly specified to avoid ambiguity.

Formal register 'míngquè zhǐdài'.

3

该研究探讨了星期几对人类心理波动的潜在影响。

The study explored the potential impact of the day of the week on human psychological fluctuations.

Academic vocabulary 'tàntǎo', 'bōdòng'.

4

他以此为契机，详细考察了星期几在不同方言中的称谓差异。

Taking this as an opportunity, he examined the differences in day-of-the-week titles across dialects.

Idiomatic 'yǐ cǐ wéi qìjī'.

5

无论星期几，那种弥漫在空气中的忧郁感从未消散。

No matter the day, the melancholy pervading the air never dissipated.

Literary/Poetic register.

6

通过分析星期几的消费数据，我们可以洞察市场趋势。

By analyzing day-of-the-week consumption data, we can gain insight into market trends.

Business intelligence context.

7

他试图在杂乱无章的记忆中搜寻那是星期几的蛛丝马迹。

He tried to search for clues of which day it was in his disorganized memories.

Idiomatic 'zhūsī mǎjì' (clues).

8

星期几的命名逻辑体现了从星象崇拜到理性计时的转变。

The naming logic of the days reflects the shift from astral worship to rational timing.

Sociocultural analysis.

ترکیب‌های رایج

今天星期几
明天星期几
下个星期几
上个星期几
每个星期几
到底是星期几
不确定星期几
星期几有空
星期几开会
星期几去

عبارات رایج

今天是星期几？

你星期几有空？

星期几去学校？

不管星期几

每个星期几

下个星期几

上个星期几

那是星期几

星期几最忙

星期几休息

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

星期几 vs 几个星期

星期几 vs 哪天

星期几 vs 几号

اصطلاحات و عبارات

""

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""

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به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

星期几 vs

星期几 vs

星期几 vs

星期几 vs

星期几 vs

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

خانواده کلمه

مرتبط

نحوه استفاده

numeric logic

Always follows the 1-6 sequence.

interchangeability

High interchangeability with 周几 and 礼拜几.

اشتباهات رایج
  • Saying 星期七 instead of 星期日.
  • Using 哪 instead of 几 (e.g., 星期哪).
  • Putting 星期几 at the end of the sentence (English word order).
  • Confusing 星期几 with 几个星期.
  • Using 星期几 to ask for a date (e.g., May 1st).

نکات

Word Order

Always place '星期几' before the verb, just like other time-when expressions in Chinese.

Sunday Rule

Remember: 1=Mon, 2=Tue, 3=Wed, 4=Thu, 5=Fri, 6=Sat, Sun=Sun/Sky. No 7!

Casual Style

Use '周几' (zhōu jǐ) to sound more like a local in big cities like Shanghai or Beijing.

Context Clues

If you hear 'lǐbài', don't panic—it's just another word for 'xīngqī'.

Punctuation

Don't forget the question mark if you are asking a direct question!

Work Week

Chinese people often refer to '周一' as the start of the grind.

Number Association

Associate the number with the day. 1 is the first day of work (Monday).

Measure Words

Don't use '个' with '星期几'. It's not '星期个几'.

Tone Sandhi

The third tone in 'jǐ' is full unless followed by another third tone.

Answering

To answer, just swap '几' for the number of the day.

حفظ کنید

ریشه کلمه

星期 (Star Period) + 几 (How many/Which number).

بافت فرهنگی

Sunday is the only day not numbered, reflecting its special status in both solar and religious traditions.

Numerical naming reflects a pragmatic approach to timekeeping.

Northern China favors '星期', Southern China/Taiwan often use '礼拜'.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"今天星期几？我忘了。"

"你星期几有空出来喝咖啡？"

"这周星期几会有足球赛？"

"你最喜欢星期几？"

"星期几去逛街人比较少？"

موضوعات نگارش

写一写你每个星期几都在做什么。

你觉得星期几是一周中最忙的一天？为什么？

如果你可以取消星期几，你会取消哪一天？

描述一个你印象深刻的星期几。

谈谈你对'星期几'这个词的理解。

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

No, Sunday is always 星期日 or 星期天.

星期 is standard/formal; 周 is shorter and common in modern/business contexts.

It is optional. '今天星期几' is very common in spoken Chinese.

Use '下个星期几' (Xià gè xīngqī jǐ).

No, '星期哪' is grammatically incorrect. Use '星期几'.

It has religious origins (worship), but today it is just a common colloquial term.

You still use '星期几', or you can say '哪几天'.

Usually before the verb, e.g., '你星期几去？'

星期日 is slightly more formal/written; 星期天 is more spoken.

In '星期几', it is almost always a question, but in '过星期几', it could imply 'some day of the week' in specific contexts.

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