Raconte tout ! Maîtrise le style indirect pour les questions et les ordres
Chapter in 30 Seconds
Master the art of relaying questions and instructions with precision and confidence.
- Convert direct questions into reported 'if' or 'wh-' structures.
- Transform commands and requests into reported speech using infinitives.
- Apply negative constraints correctly when passing on instructions.
Ce que tu vas apprendre
Prêt à passer au niveau supérieur ? Fini les répétitions mot pour mot ! Dans ce chapitre, tu vas apprendre l'art de rapporter fidèlement ce que les autres disent, sans avoir besoin de guillemets. C’est une étape cruciale pour fluidifier tes récits et tes conversations en anglais. On va s'attaquer ensemble au discours indirect appliqué aux questions et aux ordres. Tu découvriras comment transformer une question fermée en utilisant 'if' ou 'whether', et comment gérer les questions en 'Wh-' (what, where, why) tout en évitant le piège habituel de l'inversion sujet-verbe. On verra aussi comment transmettre des consignes ou des interdictions avec précision grâce à 'to' et 'not to'. Imagine la situation : tu sors d’un entretien d’embauche et tu expliques à tes amis ce que le recruteur t'a demandé : « He asked if I was ready to start. » Ou alors, tu rapportes les consignes d'un manager à un collègue : « She told me not to worry about the deadline. » En maîtrisant ces structures et le fameux 'backshift' (le décalage des temps), tu gagneras une aisance incroyable. À la fin de ce chapitre, tu ne te contenteras plus de citer les gens : tu sauras raconter de vraies histoires avec clarté, précision et naturel !
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Questions indirectes Oui/Non : 'Demandé si...'Tu as trois outils
magiquespour rapporter les questions oui/non :asked if/whether+sujet+verbe(décalé!) pour raconter tes histoires avec fluidité. -
Questions rapportées : Utilisation des mots en Wh- (quoi, où, pourquoi)Maîtrise les questions
Wh-indirectes pour raconter ce qu'on t'a demandé, ça sonneranaturel. -
Ordres Rapportés: Dire à quelqu'un quoi faireMaîtrise les
Reported Commandspour partager des instructions tout en douceur, sans les citer directement. C'est le secret pour être un as de la communication indirecte en anglais. -
Commandes Négatives Rapportées: 'de ne pas...' (Discours Indirect)Maîtrise le
not topour rapporter clairement les ordres négatifs. Le choix du bonreporting verbdonne le ton juste.
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
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1
By the end you will be able to: relay yes/no questions accurately using 'if'.
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2
By the end you will be able to: report commands and negative instructions using infinitive structures.
Guide du chapitre
Overview
asked if, how to handle wh-questions like what or where by carefully changing word order and tense, and even how to report clear instructions with reported commands using told/asked + someone + to + verb.We'll also cover how to report negative instructions, like when someone tells you "Don't do that!" Get ready to become a conversation expert and connect your ideas more seamlessly!
How This Grammar Works
asked followed by if or whether (they're often interchangeable) and then convert the question into a statement. The verb tense typically shifts one step back into the past. For instance, Are you busy? becomes She asked if I was busy.Notice how
are (present) becomes was (past) and the subject-verb order flips from a question to a statement.Where do you live?becomes
He asked where I lived.The auxiliary
do disappears, and live (present) becomes lived (past). The word order is crucial: wh-word + subject + verb.told or asked, followed by the person who received the command, and then to + base verb. Clean your room! becomes Mom told me to clean my room.If the command is negative, like "Don't touch that!
, we simply add not before to + verb«: »He asked us not to touch that." These structures let you recount instructions clearly and naturally.Common Mistakes
- 1Forgetting to shift tense or word order in questions.
- 1Using a question mark or question word order in reported questions.
- 1Mixing up 'tell' and 'say' for commands, or omitting 'to'.
Real Conversations
A
B
I asked her if she would be here on time, and she said yes!
A
I wonder what time the movie starts.
B
A
B
Yes, she often reminds us. She told us not to forget our homework earlier.
Quick FAQ
Do I always have to change the tense when reporting questions or commands?
Generally, yes, especially when the reporting verb (e.g., asked, told) is in the past tense. This is called backshift. However, if the reported information is still true or very recent, you might sometimes keep the present tense, though it's safer for B1 learners to practice backshift.
Can I use 'whether' instead of 'if' for reported Yes/No questions?
Absolutely! Both if and whether are correct and often interchangeable when reporting Yes/No questions.
He asked if I liked coffeeis the same as
He asked whether I liked coffee.
What's the main difference between tell and ask when reporting commands?
You use told when relaying an instruction or order, and asked when relaying a request. For example,
The boss told me to finish the reportimplies an instruction, while
My friend asked me to help him moveimplies a polite request.
Cultural Context
He advised me to...is softer than
He told me to....
Exemples clés (8)
My friend asked if I was going to the party tonight.
Mon ami m'a demandé si j'allais à la soirée ce soir.
Questions indirectes Oui/Non : 'Demandé si...'The interviewer inquired whether I had previous experience in marketing.
L'intervieweur a demandé si j'avais une expérience préalable en marketing.
Questions indirectes Oui/Non : 'Demandé si...'She asked `what I wanted` for dinner.
Elle a demandé ce que je voulais pour le dîner.
Questions rapportées : Utilisation des mots en Wh- (quoi, où, pourquoi)He wanted to know `where the nearest coffee shop was`.
Il voulait savoir où se trouvait le café le plus proche.
Questions rapportées : Utilisation des mots en Wh- (quoi, où, pourquoi)My friend told me to send the funny meme.
Mon ami m'a dit d'envoyer le mème rigolo.
Ordres Rapportés: Dire à quelqu'un quoi faireThe instructor asked us to pair up for the exercise.
L'instructeur nous a demandé de nous mettre en binôme pour l'exercice.
Ordres Rapportés: Dire à quelqu'un quoi faireShe told me not to open the package yet.
Elle m'a dit de ne pas ouvrir le paquet tout de suite.
Commandes Négatives Rapportées: 'de ne pas...' (Discours Indirect)He asked us not to make any noise during the exam.
Il nous a demandé de ne pas faire de bruit pendant l'examen.
Commandes Négatives Rapportées: 'de ne pas...' (Discours Indirect)Conseils et astuces (4)
Maîtrise le décalage des temps
He asked if I worked there.
Entraîne-toi à "dés-inverser"
She asked what I wanted, pas what wanted I. Cet exercice mental t'aidera à bien fixer le bon ordre.Choisis bien ton verbe
She asked him to wait here.
Choisis le bon verbe
He warned us not to be late.
Vocabulaire clé (5)
Real-World Preview
The Office Assistant
Review Summary
- Asked + if + subject + verb
- Asked + wh-word + subject + verb
- Told/Ordered + someone + to + verb
- Told + someone + NOT + to + verb
Erreurs courantes
In reported questions, do not use the auxiliary 'did'. The word order must be statement order, not question order.
The 'not' must come before the 'to'. Placing it after is a common syntax error.
We use 'told' with an object (me, him, her), but 'said' is not followed by an object in this structure.
Règles dans ce chapitre (4)
Next Steps
You have mastered a very difficult area of English grammar. Keep practicing in your daily conversations!
Rewrite a local news story using reported speech
Pratique rapide (10)
My mom told me ___ my room before dinner.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Ordres Rapportés: Dire à quelqu'un quoi faire
Find and fix the mistake:
My sister told me don't touch her diary.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Commandes Négatives Rapportées: 'de ne pas...' (Discours Indirect)
The teacher asked `what the answer ___` .
asked est au passé, le verbe dans la question indirecte passe aussi au passé (was).frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Questions rapportées : Utilisation des mots en Wh- (quoi, où, pourquoi)
Choose the correct sentence:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Ordres Rapportés: Dire à quelqu'un quoi faire
Find and fix the mistake:
He asked if was I ready for the presentation.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Questions indirectes Oui/Non : 'Demandé si...'
The coach warned the players _____ late for practice.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Commandes Négatives Rapportées: 'de ne pas...' (Discours Indirect)
Choose the correct sentence:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Commandes Négatives Rapportées: 'de ne pas...' (Discours Indirect)
Find and fix the mistake:
The teacher told studying harder.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Ordres Rapportés: Dire à quelqu'un quoi faire
Choose the correct sentence:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Questions indirectes Oui/Non : 'Demandé si...'
Find and fix the mistake:
He wondered why was she late?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Questions rapportées : Utilisation des mots en Wh- (quoi, où, pourquoi)
Score: /10
Questions fréquentes (6)
Are you hungry ?, tu la transformes en une affirmation comme He asked if I was hungry.
She asked whether I wanted coffee or tea.
He asked what I wanted rapporte la question directe What do you want?
Clean your room!', tu dis : He told me to clean my room.She asked him to open the door.