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B1 adverb #1,000 le plus courant 3 min de lecture

کلاً

Top 1,000

When you want to say 'as a whole' or 'overall' in Persian, you can use the word کلاً (kollan).

It's an adverb that summarizes or refers to the general situation or entirety of something.

For example, if you're talking about a trip and want to say 'Overall, it was good,' you'd use کلاً.

It helps to give a complete picture or summary of what you're discussing.

When we use the word کلاً, it means we are talking about something entirely or as a whole. You can use it to summarize a situation, indicating that what you're saying applies to everything being considered.

It's similar to saying "overall" or "in general" in English, and it helps to provide a complete picture without going into specific details.

Think of it as a way to express a general conclusion or a comprehensive statement.

When using the word "کلاً" (kollan) in spoken or written Persian, you're essentially summarizing or generalizing. Think of it as saying "all in all," "on the whole," or "generally speaking." It indicates that you're making a statement about the entire situation or group, rather than focusing on specific details. For example, if someone asks how their trip was and you say "کلاً خوب بود" (kollan khub bud), you mean that overall it was good, even if there were minor issues. It's a useful adverb for conveying a broad sense of something.

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

§ What does کلاً (kollan) mean?

The Persian word "کلاً" (pronounced kol-lan) is an adverb. It’s a very useful word that you’ll hear and read frequently. At its core, "کلاً" means as a whole, entirely, or overall. Think of it as a way to summarize or generalize something. It takes a big picture view, rather than focusing on small details.

DEFINITION: As a whole; entirely; overall.

Let's break down its common uses.

§ When to use کلاً (kollan)?

You can use "کلاً" in several situations:

To summarize or generalize: This is probably the most common use. When you want to give a general impression or sum up a situation without going into specifics, "کلاً" is your word.
To mean "entirely" or "completely": Sometimes, "کلاً" emphasizes that something is done 100%, without any exceptions.
To indicate that something applies to everything or everyone: It can convey a sense of inclusivity, meaning "all in all" or "everybody/everything included."

§ Examples of کلاً (kollan) in action

Seeing it in context will make it much clearer. Pay attention to how the meaning shifts slightly depending on the sentence.

سفر به شیراز کلاً عالی بود.

(Safar be Shiraz kol-lan aali bud.)

English hint: The trip to Shiraz was overall great.

Here, "کلاً" summarizes the entire trip. It doesn't mean every single moment was perfect, but the general experience was very good.

این پروژه کلاً به پایان رسیده است.

(In proozhe kol-lan be payan raside ast.)

English hint: This project has been entirely completed.

In this example, "کلاً" emphasizes the completeness of the action. The project is 100% finished.

مردم ایران کلاً مهمان‌نواز هستند.

(Mardom-e Iran kol-lan mehmannavaz hastand.)

English hint: Iranian people are overall hospitable. (meaning, generally speaking, most of them are)

Here, "کلاً" gives a general characteristic of the people. It's a generalization, not a statement about every single person, but the collective impression.

کلاً حرف‌های او درست بود.

(Kol-lan harf-ha-ye oo dorost bud.)

English hint: Overall, his statements were correct.

This sentence uses "کلاً" to summarize the accuracy of someone's statements. Maybe not every single word, but the main points or the general idea was correct.

§ Practice using کلاً (kollan)

To really get a feel for "کلاً," try to use it in your own sentences. Think about situations where you would say "overall," "in general," or "completely" in English, and then try to construct the Persian equivalent using "کلاً."

It’s a simple word with a broad application, making it one of those essential vocabulary items for B1 learners. Mastering it will help you sound much more natural when summarizing thoughts or giving general impressions in Persian.

Exemples par niveau

کلاً، هوا امروز خوب است.

Overall, the weather is good today.

او کلاً از این ایده خوشش آمد.

He generally liked this idea.

کلاً، سفر خوبی داشتیم.

All in all, we had a good trip.

کلاً، من با نظر شما موافقم.

Overall, I agree with your opinion.

کلاً، این کتاب مفید است.

In general, this book is useful.

کلاً، شام خوشمزه بود.

Overall, dinner was delicious.

او کلاً آدم مهربانی است.

He is generally a kind person.

کلاً، همه چیز خوب پیش رفت.

All in all, everything went well.

کلاً، فکر می‌کنم که این ایده خوبی برای پروژه ما است.

Overall, I think this is a good idea for our project.

کلاً، فیلم خوب بود، اما پایانش کمی ناامیدکننده بود.

As a whole, the movie was good, but the ending was a bit disappointing.

کلاً، من از تجربه سفرم به اصفهان خیلی راضی بودم.

Entirely, I was very satisfied with my travel experience to Isfahan.

کلاً، وضعیت اقتصادی کشور در حال بهبود است.

Overall, the country's economic situation is improving.

کلاً، این تیم عملکرد خیلی خوبی در مسابقات داشت.

As a whole, this team performed very well in the competitions.

کلاً، به نظرم بهتر است که از ابتدا شروع کنیم.

Entirely, I think it's better to start from the beginning.

کلاً، او همیشه سعی می‌کند بهترین خودش باشد.

Overall, he always tries to be his best.

کلاً، ما باید راه‌حل‌های جدیدی برای این مشکل پیدا کنیم.

As a whole, we need to find new solutions for this problem.

Modèles grammaticaux

Adverb placement: 'کلاً' (kollan) usually precedes the verb or adjective it modifies, or appears at the beginning or end of a sentence to modify the whole idea. Emphasis: It adds emphasis to the entirety or totality of something. Flexibility in position: While typically at the beginning or before the modified word, it can also be placed at the end of a sentence for a more informal tone. Modifies actions and states: It can describe how an action was performed (entirely) or the overall state of something. Can be used with positive and negative statements. Often used in summing up or generalizing.

Structures de phrases

کلاً + verb

کلاً رفتم. (Kollan raftam.) — I entirely went. / I went overall.

کلاً + adjective

کلاً خوبه. (Kollan khube.) — It's entirely good. / It's good overall.

کلاً + verb phrase

کلاً کارها رو انجام دادم. (Kollan kaarhaa ro anjaam daadam.) — I entirely did the tasks. / I did the tasks overall.

کلاً + noun phrase + است

کلاً این یک مشکل است. (Kollan een yek moshkel ast.) — Overall, this is a problem.

کلاً + sentence (at the beginning)

کلاً، من فکر می‌کنم که این ایده خوبی است. (Kollan, man fekr mikonam ke een ideye khoobi ast.) — Overall, I think this is a good idea.

sentence + کلاً (at the end)

این پروژه موفقیت آمیز بود، کلاً. (Een proozhe movafaghiyat aameez bood, kollan.) — This project was successful, overall.

کلاً + negation

کلاً اینطور نیست. (Kollan eentowr neest.) — It's not entirely like this. / It's not like this overall.

کلاً + comparative/superlative

کلاً بهتر است. (Kollan behtar ast.) — It's entirely better. / It's better overall.

Comment l'utiliser

When you want to express that something is being considered as a whole, entirely, or overall, use the adverb "کلاً" (kollan). It's a versatile word that helps to summarize or generalize a situation. Here are some examples:

کلاً پروژه خوب پیش رفت. (Kollan, proozhe khoob pish raft.) - Overall, the project went well.
من کلاً از این موضوع راضی هستم. (Man kollan az in mowzoo raazi hastam.) - I am entirely satisfied with this matter.
این کلاً فکر خوبی نیست. (In kollan fekr-e khoobi nist.) - This is as a whole not a good idea.
هزینه کلاً بالا بود. (Hazineh kollan baalaa bood.) - The cost was overall high.

Erreurs courantes

A common mistake is to confuse "کلاً" (kollan) with "کل" (kol), which means "whole" or "entire" as an adjective. Remember that "کلاً" is an adverb, modifying verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, while "کل" modifies nouns. Incorrect:

کل من راضی هستم. (Kol-e man raazi hastam.) - (Incorrect: 'Whole I am satisfied.')

Correct:

من کلاً راضی هستم. (Man kollan raazi hastam.) - I am overall satisfied.

Another mistake is to use it when you simply mean "all" or "every" when referring to individual items. "کلاً" refers to the entirety of a situation or concept, not a collection of separate items. Incorrect:

کلاً کتاب‌ها را خواندم. (Kollan ketaabhaaraa khaandam.) - (Incorrect: 'Overall I read the books.') - This would imply the overall idea of reading the books, not that you read every single one.

Correct:

همه کتاب‌ها را خواندم. (Hame-ye ketaabhaaraa khaandam.) - I read all the books.
من کلاً از کتاب راضی بودم. (Man kollan az ketaab raazi boodam.) - I was overall satisfied with the book.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of 'کلاً' sounding a bit like 'collar.' Imagine something that goes 'all around your collar' – covering it entirely or overall.

Association visuelle

Picture a 'total' or 'overall' view of a landscape, like a panoramic shot. The word 'کلاً' could be hovering over this entire scene.

Word Web

کامل (kāmel - complete) همه (hame - all) سرتاپا (sartāpā - from head to toe, entirely) جمعاً (jam'an - in total, altogether) بطور کلی (be-towr-e kolli - generally, overall)

Défi

Try to describe your day using 'کلاً'. For example: 'کلاً روز خوبی بود.' (Overall, it was a good day.) Or 'کلاً درس سختی بود.' (Overall, it was a difficult lesson.)

Teste-toi 42 questions

fill blank A2

این مشکل ___ تقصیر شما نیست. (This problem is not ___ your fault.)

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : کلاً

The adverb 'کلاً' means 'overall' or 'entirely' and fits the context of emphasizing that the problem is not completely one person's fault.

fill blank A2

من ___ از این فیلم خوشم نیامد. (I didn't like this movie ___.)

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : کلاً

'کلاً' is used here to express a general dislike for the entire movie, meaning 'overall' or 'entirely'.

fill blank A2

او ___ آدم خوبی است. (He is ___ a good person.)

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : کلاً

Here, 'کلاً' means 'overall' or 'generally', indicating that he is considered a good person in general.

fill blank A2

این ایده ___ خوب نیست. (This idea is ___ not good.)

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : کلاً

Using 'کلاً' emphasizes that the idea is entirely or completely not good.

fill blank A2

قیمت ها ___ بالا رفته است. (Prices have gone up ___.)

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : کلاً

'کلاً' here means 'overall' or 'entirely', implying that prices have generally increased.

fill blank A2

کار او ___ عالی بود. (His work was ___ excellent.)

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : کلاً

'کلاً' signifies that his work was excellent in its entirety or overall.

fill blank B2

تصمیم او ___ اشتباه بود. (His decision was ___ wrong.)

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : کلاً

The word 'کلاً' (kollan) means 'entirely' or 'overall', which fits the context of the sentence to say 'his decision was entirely wrong'.

fill blank B2

این پروژه ___ موفق بود. (This project was ___ successful.)

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : کلاً

'کلاً' (kollan) here conveys that the project was successful as a whole or overall, indicating a general success.

fill blank B2

بعد از بررسی تمام جوانب، او ___ با پیشنهاد موافق بود. (After reviewing all aspects, he was ___ in agreement with the proposal.)

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : کلاً

'کلاً' (kollan) implies that after a complete review, his agreement was total or overall, without reservations.

fill blank B2

آب و هوا در این منطقه ___ گرم است. (The weather in this region is ___ warm.)

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : کلاً

Using 'کلاً' (kollan) indicates that the weather is generally or overall warm in that region.

fill blank B2

برنامه سفر ما ___ تغییر کرد. (Our travel plan ___ changed.)

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : کلاً

'کلاً' (kollan) suggests that the travel plan changed entirely or completely, not just a little.

fill blank B2

نظرات او ___ با من فرق دارد. (His opinions are ___ different from mine.)

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : کلاً

'کلاً' (kollan) means his opinions are entirely or completely different from yours.

listening B2

The project was overall very successful.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : کلاً پروژه خیلی موفقیت‌آمیز بود.