واریز کردن

The Persian verb واریز کردن (vâriz kardan) is a fundamental term in the world of finance, banking, and daily transactions. At its core, it means 'to deposit' or 'to remit' money into a specific account. While English speakers might use 'deposit' for physical cash at a teller and 'transfer' for digital moves, in Persian, vâriz kardan covers the act of ensuring money arrives in a destination account, regardless of the medium. It is a compound verb, consisting of the noun 'vâriz' (meaning the act of pouring in or depositing) and the auxiliary verb 'kardan' (to do/make). Understanding this word is crucial because Iran has a very active digital banking culture, where 'Kart-be-Kart' (card-to-card) transfers are the primary way people pay for everything from rent to second-hand items on apps like Divar.

Financial Context

This word is the standard term used in banking apps, ATM interfaces, and official bank statements. If you are expecting your salary, you are waiting for your employer to vâriz it.

Beyond simple banking, the term appears in legal and administrative settings. For instance, when paying a government fine or a university tuition fee, the instructions will explicitly state that the amount must be vâriz to a specific 'Shobeh' (branch) or 'Hesâb' (account). It is more formal than the colloquial 'be hesâb rikhtan' (pouring into the account), which you might hear among friends. However, even in casual settings, vâriz kardan remains the most common and clear way to communicate that a financial obligation has been met through a transfer. In the modern era of fintech in Iran, you will see this word on every digital receipt after a successful transaction.

Usage in Business

In business correspondence, 'vâriz' is often paired with 'fish' (receipt). A 'fish-e vârizi' is the deposit slip or the digital confirmation screenshot that serves as proof of payment.

The cultural significance of this word cannot be overstated in an economy where cash is becoming less common for large transactions. Whether you are dealing with a landlord, a shopkeeper, or a friend, the phrase 'vâriz kardam' (I deposited/transferred it) is the ultimate signal of a completed deal. It implies a level of formality and finality that 'dâdan' (giving) does not capture. It specifically refers to the movement of funds through the banking system, making it a technical yet everyday term. If you were to give someone cash, you would not use 'vâriz kardan'; you would use 'pardâkht kardan' (to pay) or 'dâdan'. Thus, 'vâriz' is strictly tied to accounts and digital ledgers.

In summary, vâriz kardan is the bridge between your wallet and someone else's bank account. It is the verb of the digital age in Iran, essential for anyone living, working, or shopping in a Persian-speaking environment. It carries the weight of officialdom but the frequency of a common greeting.

Using واریز کردن correctly requires understanding its grammatical structure as a compound verb. The noun 'vâriz' stays static, while the auxiliary verb 'kardan' changes to reflect tense, person, and mood. The typical sentence structure follows: [Subject] + [Amount/Object] + [Prepositional Phrase for Destination] + [Vâriz Kardan]. The destination is almost always preceded by 'be' (to) or 'be hesâb-e' (to the account of). Because it is a transitive verb, it often takes the object marker 'râ' if the specific amount or 'mablagh' (sum) is mentioned as a definite object.

Present Continuous

To say 'I am depositing,' use 'dâram vâriz mikonam.' This is common when you are literally at the ATM or using the app at that moment.

In the past tense, 'vâriz kardam' is used to confirm an action already taken. This is perhaps the most frequent use of the word in text messages. For example, after sending money via a mobile app, it is polite to send a message saying 'Vâriz shod' (It was deposited) or 'Vâriz kardam' (I deposited [it]). Note that in Persian, the object 'it' is often dropped if it is understood from the context. You don't need to say 'ân râ vâriz kardam' every time; 'vâriz kardam' is sufficient.

The Imperative

The imperative (command) form is 'vâriz kon' (informal) or 'vâriz konid' (formal). This is used in instructions or requests.

Another important aspect is the use of the word 'mablagh' (amount). In formal contexts, instead of just saying 'money' (pul), Iranians prefer to say 'mablagh-e ... râ vâriz kardan.' For instance, 'Mablagh-e shahriye râ vâriz kardid?' (Did you deposit the tuition amount?). This adds a layer of precision and professionalism to the conversation. When dealing with banks, you might also hear 'vâriz-e naghdi,' which specifically means a cash deposit made at the counter. The versatility of 'vâriz kardan' allows it to adapt to both the most technical financial documents and the simplest peer-to-peer transfers.

Finally, consider the passive construction 'vâriz shodan' (to be deposited). This is used when the focus is on the money arriving rather than who sent it. 'Yârâne vâriz shod' (The subsidy was deposited) is a common headline in Iranian news. By mastering these variations, you can navigate any financial interaction in Persian with confidence and accuracy.

If you spend even a single day in an Iranian city, you are likely to hear or see the word واریز کردن multiple times. The most common location is, of course, the bank ('bânk'). Whether you are standing in line at 'Bânk-e Melli' or 'Bânk-e Mellat,' the signage and the forms you fill out will be covered in this term. Tellers will ask, 'Che mablaghi râ mikhâhid vâriz konid?' (What amount do you want to deposit?). But the word's reach extends far beyond the physical walls of a bank. In the digital realm, every mobile banking app—from 'Hamrâh Bânk' to third-party apps like 'Aap' or 'Blu Bank'—uses 'vâriz' as a primary button or menu item.

Online Shopping

When buying from Instagram shops or local sellers on Divar, the seller will often send their card number and say, 'Vâriz konid va aks-e fish râ befrestid' (Deposit and send the photo of the receipt).

In the workplace, vâriz kardan is the standard term for payroll. Employees will ask the HR or accounting department, 'Hoghough vâriz shode?' (Has the salary been deposited?). In the news, particularly financial news, you will hear about 'vâriz-e soud-e sahâm' (the deposit of stock dividends) or 'vâriz-e mâliyât' (the payment/deposit of taxes). It is a word that signals the movement of the economy. Even in social settings, if a group of friends goes out to dinner and one person pays the whole bill, the others will say, 'Sahm-e khodam râ barâyat vâriz mikonam' (I will deposit/transfer my share for you).

Government and Utilities

Bills for water, electricity, and gas often come with a 'shenâse-ye vâriz' (deposit ID), which is a unique code used to ensure the payment is credited to the right account.

You will also encounter this word in the context of 'sahâm-e edâlat' (justice shares) or other government assistance programs. When the government announces a new round of support, the phrase 'vâriz be hesâb-e sarparastân-e khânevâde' (deposit to the accounts of heads of households) is a staple of the evening news. The word is so ubiquitous that it has become synonymous with the arrival of expected funds. If you are waiting for a refund from a store, you will ask, 'Key mablagh râ vâriz mikonid?' (When will you deposit the amount?).

In summary, from the 'bâzâr' to the boardroom, and from the 'âber-bânk' (ATM) to the smartphone, vâriz kardan is the linguistic currency of Iranian financial life. It is the word that confirms the deal is done and the money is where it needs to be.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when using واریز کردن is confusing it with 'pardâkht kardan' (to pay). While they are related, they are not interchangeable. 'Pardâkht kardan' is a general term for paying for a service or good, often involving cash or a direct POS transaction. Vâriz kardan specifically implies a transfer into an account. For example, you 'pardâkht' for your groceries at the store, but you 'vâriz' your rent to your landlord's account. Using 'vâriz' at a grocery store checkout would sound very strange to a native speaker.

Directionality

Another mistake is the direction of the transaction. Some learners confuse 'vâriz kardan' (deposit) with 'bardâsht kardan' (withdraw). 'Bardâsht' is taking money out, while 'vâriz' is putting it in. Mixing these up in a bank can lead to significant confusion.

Preposition errors are also common. Learners often use 'dar' (in) instead of 'be' (to). In Persian, you deposit 'to' an account (be hesâb), not 'in' an account. Saying 'dar hesâb vâriz kardam' is grammatically awkward. Additionally, learners sometimes forget that 'vâriz' is the noun part of the compound verb and try to pluralize it or change it, which is incorrect. Only 'kardan' should be conjugated. For example, 'vâriz-hâ kardam' is incorrect; it should be 'chand bâr vâriz kardam' (I deposited several times).

Spelling and Pronunciation

Don't confuse 'vâriz' (واریز) with 'vâred' (وارد - entering). While they share a sense of 'going in,' 'vâred shodan' is for entering a room or a website, while 'vâriz' is strictly financial.

Lastly, learners sometimes struggle with the 'râ' particle. If you say 'I deposited 100 dollars,' you don't necessarily need 'râ' if the amount is indefinite. But if you say 'I deposited THE money,' you MUST say 'pul RÂ vâriz kardam.' Omitting 'râ' when the object is definite is a hallmark of a beginner's mistake. Also, be careful with the word 'fish' (receipt). English speakers often think of 'fish' as the animal, but in Persian, it's the French-derived word for a slip or receipt. Saying 'fish-e vâriz' is correct, but don't let your brain wander to the sea!

By avoiding these common pitfalls—confusing it with payment, using the wrong preposition, or misplacing the 'râ'—you will sound much more like a native speaker and ensure your financial transactions go smoothly.

While واریز کردن is the most standard and professional term for depositing money, Persian offers several alternatives depending on the level of formality and the specific context. Understanding these nuances will help you choose the right word for the right situation. The most common colloquial alternative is be hesâb rikhtan (literally: to pour into the account). This is what you will hear most often in casual conversations between friends or family members. For example, 'Pul-o rikhti be hesâbam?' (Did you pour/deposit the money into my account?). It is less formal but perfectly acceptable in daily life.

Enteghâl Dâdan (To Transfer)

This is a broader term. While 'vâriz' focuses on the money arriving, 'enteghâl dâdan' focuses on the movement from point A to point B. It is used for bank transfers, wire transfers, and moving funds between accounts.

Another related term is shârj kardan (to charge/top up). This is specifically used for prepaid services like mobile phone SIM cards, internet accounts, or digital wallets (like the Snapp app wallet). You wouldn't 'vâriz' money to your SIM card; you would 'shârj' it. However, the act of putting money into the digital wallet of the app might be called 'vâriz' in the app's internal menu. For more formal or academic financial contexts, you might encounter seporde-gozâri (making a deposit/investment). This is usually reserved for long-term savings accounts or fixed deposits in a bank.

Pardâkht Kardan (To Pay)

As mentioned before, this is the general term for payment. It is the most versatile word but lacks the specific 'account-to-account' nuance of 'vâriz'.

In legal or very formal banking documents, you might see tâ'diye (payment/settlement), though this is rare in daily speech. For international contexts, 'remittance' is often translated as havâle. A 'havâle-ye bânki' is a bank draft or a wire transfer. If you are sending money abroad through an exchange office (Sarâfi), you are making a 'havâle,' and the act of the money arriving in the recipient's account is the 'vâriz.' Understanding these distinctions allows you to navigate the complexities of Persian finance with the precision of a native speaker.

In summary, use 'vâriz kardan' for most official and digital transfers, 'be hesâb rikhtan' for friends, 'shârj kardan' for SIM cards, and 'enteghâl dâdan' when focusing on the process of moving money. This repertoire will make your Persian sound rich and contextually appropriate.