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B1 adjective #6,000 le plus courant 9 min de lecture

پختنی

pokhtani Top 6,000

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces پختنی en 30 secondes

Explication پختنی in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should know that 'pokhtani' comes from the word for 'cook'. It describes things like meat, beans, or potatoes that we need to put on the stove. Think of it as 'for cooking'. If you see a raw potato, it is a 'pokhtani' vegetable. It is a simple way to say 'we must cook this'. You will mostly use it with nouns for food. For example, 'In goosht pokhtani ast' (This meat is for cooking). It helps you understand the difference between a snack you can eat right now and something that needs work in the kitchen. Don't worry about complex grammar yet; just remember it marks things that need heat.

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'pokhtani' to categorize items. You might use it in a supermarket to ask if something is for cooking or for eating raw. You will learn the 'ezafe' structure: 'mavade pokhtani' (cooking materials). You can also use it to describe your preferences, like saying you prefer 'ghazahaye pokhtani' (cooked foods) over salads. You should also start noticing the difference between 'pokhtani' and 'pokhte' (cooked). At this stage, you are building a vocabulary for daily life, and 'pokhtani' is a key word for shopping and simple recipes.

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At the B1 level, you should understand that 'pokhtani' is an adjective of potentiality. The suffix '-ani' is a specific grammatical tool. You can use it to discuss cooking methods more deeply. For example, you can distinguish between 'sabzi-ye khordan' (herbs for eating raw) and 'sabzi-ye pokhtani' (herbs for cooking). You should be able to follow recipes that use this word to describe the state of ingredients. Your understanding of word families is growing, so you can see how 'pokhtan' (to cook), 'pazandeh' (cook/chef), and 'pokhtani' (cookable) are all related. You can also use it to describe the quality of ingredients, like saying a certain bean is 'good for cooking'.

At the B2 level, you use 'pokhtani' with more nuance. You might discuss the nutritional differences between 'pokhtani' and 'kham' (raw) foods in a debate or essay. You understand that while 'pokhtani' is common, formal texts might use 'ghabel-e pokht'. You can handle more complex sentence structures, such as 'In mavad, be dalil-e pokhtani boodan, niaz be deghat-e bishtari darand' (These materials, due to being cookable, require more attention). You are also aware of its use in non-food contexts like ceramics or pottery. Your vocabulary is becoming more professional and categorized.

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At the C1 level, you appreciate the morphological history of the '-ani' suffix. You can use 'pokhtani' in metaphorical contexts if appropriate, though you know it remains primarily a technical culinary term. You can read culinary critiques or historical texts about Persian food that use 'pokhtani' to describe ancient preparation methods. You can distinguish between 'pokhtani' and other specific adjectives like 'bokhar-paz-shodani' (steamable). Your use of the word is precise, and you can explain the subtle differences between suitability and state to lower-level learners. You are comfortable using it in academic or professional culinary discussions.

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At the C2 level, you have a masterly grasp of 'pokhtani'. You can discuss its role in the evolution of the Persian language and how such adjectives of potentiality have shifted over time. You might use it in a dissertation about food security, discussing 'mavade pokhtani-ye asasi' (essential cookable materials). You understand all regional variations in how the word might be used or replaced by local dialects. Your use of the word is indistinguishable from a native speaker, including the correct intonation and placement in complex, multi-clause sentences. You can even create puns or literary devices using the word's root and suffix.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

پختنی en 30 secondes

Derived from 'pokhtan' (to cook), it means 'cookable'.
Used for raw ingredients like meat, rice, and legumes.
Commonly found in grocery stores and kitchen conversations.
Distinguishes items that cannot be eaten raw from ready-to-eat food.

The Persian word پختنی (pronounced as pokhtani) is a versatile adjective derived from the infinitive verb پختن (pokhtan), which means 'to cook'. In Persian grammar, the suffix '-i' (ی) attached to the past stem of a verb often creates an adjective of potentiality or suitability, similar to the English suffixes '-able' or '-ible'. Therefore, pokhtani literally translates to 'cookable' or 'suitable for cooking'. This word is essential for anyone navigating a Persian-speaking kitchen, grocery store, or restaurant, as it distinguishes items that require heat processing from those that can be consumed raw or are already prepared. It is not just a technical term; it carries a domestic warmth, often associated with the preparation of traditional Persian stews (khoresh) or rice dishes (polo).

Grammatical Category: Adjective (Potentiality/Suitability)
Core Meaning: Items requiring the application of heat to be edible or useful.

Understanding when to use پختنی involves recognizing the state of an ingredient. For instance, while a cucumber (khiyar) is generally not considered پختنی because it is eaten raw, a potato (sib-zamini) is the quintessential پختنی vegetable. In modern culinary contexts, the word is also used to categorize recipes in cookbooks or sections in a supermarket. If you are looking for 'cooking ingredients' rather than 'ready-to-eat' snacks, you might look for the label مواد پختنی. This distinction is vital in Persian culture, where the process of slow-cooking is a respected art form. The word evokes the anticipation of a meal being transformed from raw elements into a complex, aromatic dish.

این حبوبات کاملاً پختنی هستند و زود نرم می‌شوند.

Translation: These legumes are perfectly cookable and soften quickly.

Furthermore, the word appears in broader contexts beyond just vegetables and meats. It can refer to anything that undergoes a 'firing' or 'baking' process, such as certain types of clay or ceramics in an artisanal context, though its primary home remains the kitchen. In the digital age, Persian cooking blogs and apps use this term to filter search results for users who want to spend time over a stove versus those looking for 'raw' (kham) food options. The linguistic beauty of پختنی lies in its simplicity; it takes the fundamental human act of cooking and turns it into a descriptive quality of the world around us.

Integrating پختنی into your Persian vocabulary requires an understanding of its placement as an attributive or predicative adjective. In Persian, adjectives usually follow the noun they modify, connected by the 'ezafe' (the short 'e' sound). For example, 'cookable meat' is goosht-e pokhtani. When used predicatively, it follows the noun and a linking verb: In goosht pokhtani ast (This meat is cookable). This structure is straightforward for English speakers, but the nuance lies in the selection of the noun. You wouldn't typically call water pokhtani unless you were referring to a specific culinary process where the water is a primary medium for a cooked dish.

Attributive Usage: Noun + e + پختنی (e.g., مواد پختنی - cooking materials)
Predicative Usage: Subject + پختنی + Verb (e.g., این برنج پختنی است - This rice is cookable)

When discussing dietary preferences, پختنی is a key term. If someone asks if a certain vegetable can be eaten raw, you might reply, 'No, it is pokhtani' (Na, aan pokhtani ast). This implies that the item is either unpalatable, indigestible, or unsafe without cooking. In more advanced usage, the word can describe the quality of an ingredient. For instance, some types of rice are praised for being 'khosh-pokhtani' (having a good cooking quality), though 'khosh-pokht' is more common. Using پختنی correctly shows a grasp of the functional nature of Persian adjectives.

آیا این کدو برای سرخ کردن است یا فقط پختنی است؟

Translation: Is this squash for frying or is it only for [boiling/stewing] cooking?

Consider the context of a market. A vendor might point to a pile of greens and say, 'Inha pokhtani hastand' (These are for cooking). This tells the customer that these aren't salad greens (sabzi khordan) but rather greens for a stew (sabzi khoresh). This distinction is vital because Persian cuisine uses a vast array of herbs, and their categorization as pokhtani or not determines how they will be prepared and served. By using this word, you are communicating not just a physical state, but a culinary destination.

The word پختنی is most frequently heard in domestic settings—the kitchen and the dining table. However, its reach extends to various commercial and media environments. In Iranian supermarkets, you will see it on packaging, especially for frozen vegetables, dried legumes, and grains. Labels like محصولات پختنی (cookable products) help consumers navigate the aisles. On television, during the ubiquitous cooking shows that are popular in Iran, chefs use the term to describe the properties of ingredients, explaining how a certain cut of meat is 'behtar-e pokhtani' (better for cooking/stewing) compared to grilling.

The Bazaar: Vendors use it to categorize herbs and vegetables for specific dishes.
Media: Cooking segments and health programs discussing prepared vs. raw diets.

In a restaurant setting, while you might not see پختنی on a menu (which usually lists names of dishes), you might hear it in the kitchen or during a conversation with a waiter if you ask about the preparation of a dish. For example, if you ask if a vegetable is served raw, the waiter might respond, 'Kheyr, in be soorat-e pokhtani service mishavad' (No, this is served in a cooked manner). It is also common in health and nutrition circles. Nutritionists in Iran often discuss the benefits of ghazahaye pokhtani (cooked foods) versus kham-giya-khari (raw veganism), using the word to define the category of food that has undergone thermal processing.

مادرم همیشه می‌گوید مواد پختنی را باید تازه خرید.

Translation: My mother always says that cooking ingredients should be bought fresh.

Finally, in literature and poetry, the concept of being 'pokhtani' can sometimes take on a metaphorical meaning, though this is less common than the literal culinary use. It can imply something that is ready to be transformed or matured through a 'heat' or 'trial'. However, for a B1 learner, focusing on the literal meaning in the context of food and preparation is most beneficial. Whether you are reading a recipe on a Persian website or listening to a grandmother explain how to make 'Ghormeh Sabzi', the word پختنی will be a constant companion in your linguistic journey.

One of the most frequent errors for English speakers learning Persian is confusing پختنی (pokhtani) with پخته (pokhte). While they share the same root, their meanings are distinct in terms of tense and state. Pokhte is the past participle, meaning 'cooked' or 'mature'. If you say a potato is pokhte, you mean it is ready to eat. If you say it is pokhtani, you mean it is an item intended for cooking. Confusing these two can lead to misunderstandings in the kitchen—telling someone a raw potato is 'pokhte' might result in a very crunchy and unpleasant bite!

Pokhtani vs. Pokhte: Pokhtani = To be cooked (potential); Pokhte = Cooked (completed).
Pokhtani vs. Khoraki: Pokhtani implies a process; Khoraki simply means 'edible'.

Another mistake is overusing پختنی for things that are fried. While technically frying is a form of cooking, in Persian, the word sorkh-kardani is often preferred for items specifically meant for frying. Using پختنی might imply boiling or stewing to a native speaker. Additionally, learners sometimes forget the 'ezafe' when using it as an adjective. Remember: goosht-e pokhtani, not goosht pokhtani (unless you are making a full sentence: 'The meat is cookable').

اشتباه: این برنج پخته است (وقتی هنوز خام است).

Translation: Mistake: 'This rice is cooked' (when it is still raw but meant for cooking).

Lastly, avoid using پختنی to describe people or situations unless you are being intentionally metaphorical or humorous. In English, we might say a situation is 'cooking', but in Persian, پختنی is almost strictly reserved for physical objects, primarily food and ceramics. Using it to describe a 'ripe' situation would sound unnatural. Instead, stick to its culinary roots to ensure clear communication. By keeping the distinction between the potential (pokhtani) and the completed (pokhte) clear, you will avoid the most common pitfall associated with this word.

While پختنی is specific to the act of cooking, several other Persian words inhabit a similar semantic space. Understanding the differences between these synonyms will help you choose the most precise word for your context. The most common alternative is خوراکی (khoraki), which means 'edible' or 'foodstuff'. While all pokhtani items are khoraki, not all khoraki items are pokhtani (like a raw apple). Another related word is آشپزی (ashpazi), which refers to the 'art of cooking' or 'cuisine'. You might see lavazem-e ashpazi (cooking tools) instead of lavazem-e pokhtani.

خوراکی (Khoraki): General term for anything that can be eaten.
سرخ‌کردنی (Sorkh-kardani): Specifically for items that are meant to be fried.
خام (Kham): The antonym: raw or uncooked.

In a professional culinary context, you might encounter قابل پخت (ghabel-e pokht), which is a more formal way of saying 'cookable'. This is often used in technical writing or formal recipes. For example, 'این گوشت در دمای پایین قابل پخت است' (This meat is cookable at a low temperature). While پختنی is more common in daily speech, قابل پخت adds a layer of formal precision. Additionally, آماده‌ی پخت (amade-ye pokht) means 'ready to cook', which is often used for pre-marinated or pre-cut ingredients sold in modern stores.

بسیاری از سبزیجات هم به صورت خام و هم پختنی مصرف می‌شوند.

Translation: Many vegetables are consumed both raw and as cookable [cooked] items.

When comparing پختنی to sorkh-kardani, think of the texture. Pokhtani suggests a transformation through water or steady heat, while sorkh-kardani suggests the crispness of oil. If you are in a shop and see 'sib-zamini-ye sorkh-kardani', those are potatoes specifically chosen for making French fries. If they are just labeled as 'pokhtani', they might be better for boiling or mashing. Mastering these subtle differences allows you to navigate the rich world of Persian gastronomy with confidence and precision.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The suffix '-ani' used here is a remnant of the Old Iranian gerundive, which survives in only a handful of modern Persian adjectives like 'didani' or 'khordani'.

Guide de prononciation

UK /pox.tæ.niː/

US /pɑːx.tæ.niː/

The stress is typically on the final syllable: pokhta-NI.

Rime avec

didani (worth seeing) khordani (edible) khandani (readable) mandani (durable) shekastani (breakable) pushidani (wearable) nushidani (drinkable) shenidani (worth hearing)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing 'kh' as a hard 'k'.
Putting the stress on the first syllable.
Merging the 't' and 'n' too quickly.
Ignoring the final long 'i' sound.
Pronouncing the 'o' like 'u' in 'put'.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 3/5

Easy to recognize if you know the root 'pokht'.

Écriture 4/5

Requires remembering the '-ani' suffix.

Expression orale 4/5

The 'kh' sound can be tricky for beginners.

Écoute 3/5

Clear pronunciation in most dialects.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

پختن غذا گوشت سبزی آشپز

Apprends ensuite

سرخ‌کردنی دم‌کردنی خوردنی نوشیدنی خواندنی

Avancé

استحاله نضج تکامل فرآوری ارگانیک

Grammaire à connaître

Ezafe Construction

موادِ پختنی (Mavad-e pokhtani)

Adjective of Potentiality (-ani)

دیدنی (worth seeing), پختنی (cookable)

Pluralizing Adjectives as Nouns

پختنی‌ها (The cookable items)

Predicative Adjectives

این لوبیا پختنی است.

Negative Adjectives with 'Gheyr-e'

غیر پختنی (Non-cookable)

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Exemples par niveau

این گوشت پختنی است.

This meat is for cooking.

Simple subject-adjective-verb structure.

سیب‌زمینی یک سبزی پختنی است.

Potato is a cookable vegetable.

Attributive adjective with ezafe.

آیا این ماهی پختنی است؟

Is this fish for cooking?

Question form.

من مواد پختنی می‌خرم.

I buy cooking ingredients.

Direct object with ezafe.

این لوبیا پختنی نیست.

This bean is not for cooking.

Negative sentence.

مادر پختنی‌ها را آورد.

Mother brought the cookable things.

Adjective used as a noun with plural suffix.

سبزی پختنی کجاست؟

Where is the cooking herb?

Locative question.

این غذا پختنی است.

This food is meant to be cooked.

Basic identification.

ما به مواد پختنی تازه نیاز داریم.

We need fresh cooking ingredients.

Adjective modifying a compound noun.

این کدو برای خوردن خام نیست، پختنی است.

This squash is not for eating raw; it is for cooking.

Contrast between raw and cookable.

در بازار، سبزی‌های پختنی زیادی وجود دارد.

In the market, there are many cookable herbs.

Plural noun with adjective.

او همیشه غذاهای پختنی را دوست دارد.

He always likes cooked dishes [dishes that require cooking].

Habitual action with direct object.

آیا این قارچ‌ها پختنی هستند؟

Are these mushrooms for cooking?

Plural subject and verb agreement.

لطفاً مواد پختنی را در یخچال بگذارید.

Please put the cooking ingredients in the fridge.

Imperative sentence.

این برنج پختنی خیلی خوشمزه است.

This cookable rice is very delicious.

Demonstrative adjective + noun + ezafe + adjective.

ما امروز فقط مواد پختنی خریدیم.

Today we only bought cooking ingredients.

Adverb of time and restrictor 'faghat'.

بسیاری از حبوبات پختنی باید قبل از پخت خیسانده شوند.

Many cookable legumes must be soaked before cooking.

Passive construction with modal verb.

این نوع گوشت برای کباب نیست، بلکه پختنی است.

This type of meat is not for grilling, but rather for [stew] cooking.

Contrastive 'balke' structure.

او مواد پختنی را از مواد آماده جدا کرد.

She separated the cooking ingredients from the ready-made ones.

Past tense with prepositional phrase.

در این کتاب، بخش ویژه‌ای برای غذاهای پختنی وجود دارد.

In this book, there is a special section for cooked dishes.

Existential 'voojood darad'.

آیا این میوه پختنی است یا می‌توان آن را خام خورد؟

Is this fruit for cooking or can it be eaten raw?

Alternative question with 'ya'.

مواد پختنی در فرهنگ ایرانی اهمیت زیادی دارند.

Cooking ingredients have great importance in Iranian culture.

Abstract subject with plural verb.

او به دنبال سبزی پختنی برای قورمه‌سبزی می‌گشت.

He was looking for cooking herbs for Ghormeh Sabzi.

Past progressive tense.

این ظروف سفالی هنوز پختنی هستند و باید در کوره بروند.

These clay vessels are still to-be-fired and must go into the kiln.

Non-culinary usage of the word.

تفاوت بین مواد پختنی و سرخ‌کردنی در رژیم غذایی مهم است.

The difference between cookable and fryable materials is important in diet.

Noun phrase as subject.

او ترجیح می‌دهد از مواد پختنی ارگانیک استفاده کند.

He prefers to use organic cooking ingredients.

Infinitive phrase with 'tarjih midahad'.

این محصول به عنوان یک کالای پختنی در گمرک ثبت شده است.

This product is registered as a cookable commodity in customs.

Passive voice in a formal context.

برخی از گیاهان دارویی فقط به صورت پختنی اثر دارند.

Some medicinal plants only have an effect in a cooked form.

Adverbial phrase 'be soorat-e'.

او در مورد کیفیت مواد پختنی با فروشنده بحث کرد.

He argued with the seller about the quality of the cooking ingredients.

Prepositional phrase with 'dar mored-e'.

این سیب‌ها برای تهیه مربا پختنی هستند.

These apples are for cooking to make jam.

Purpose phrase 'baraye tahiye-ye'.

بسته‌بندی مواد پختنی باید در برابر رطوبت مقاوم باشد.

Packaging of cooking materials must be resistant to moisture.

Compound subject with modal 'bayad'.

او مقاله‌ای درباره تاریخچه مواد پختنی در ایران نوشت.

He wrote an article about the history of cooking ingredients in Iran.

Complex prepositional phrase.

تحلیل ساختاری واژه پختنی نشان‌دهنده پتانسیل فعل در زبان فارسی است.

The structural analysis of the word 'pokhtani' shows the potential of verbs in the Persian language.

Academic register.

مواد پختنی در این منطقه به دلیل شرایط اقلیمی محدود هستند.

Cookable materials in this region are limited due to climatic conditions.

Causal phrase 'be dalil-e'.

او با ظرافت خاصی مواد پختنی را برای ضیافت آماده کرد.

With a specific elegance, she prepared the cooking ingredients for the banquet.

Adverbial phrase 'ba zerafat-e khassi'.

تمایز میان پختنی و پخته در متون حقوقی مربوط به صنایع غذایی حیاتی است.

The distinction between 'to be cooked' and 'cooked' is vital in legal texts related to the food industry.

Formal comparison 'tamayoz miyan-e'.

این نظریه بر مصرف مواد پختنی به جای غذاهای فرآوری شده تاکید دارد.

This theory emphasizes the consumption of cookable materials instead of processed foods.

Verb 'ta'kid darad' with 'bar'.

هنرمند معتقد بود که گل پختنی روح متفاوتی دارد.

The artist believed that cookable [to-be-fired] clay has a different soul.

Subordinate clause with 'ke'.

در دوران قحطی، حتی مواد غیر پختنی هم به مصرف می‌رسیدند.

During the famine, even non-cookable materials were consumed.

Negative adjective 'gheyr-e pokhtani'.

او در رساله خود به نقش مواد پختنی در تکامل انسان پرداخت.

In his treatise, he addressed the role of cookable materials in human evolution.

Formal verb 'pardakht' with 'be'.

استحاله مواد پختنی به اطعمه لذیذ، هنری است که نزد ایرانیان است و بس.

The transformation of raw ingredients into delicious foods is an art unique to Iranians.

Archaic/Literary register using 'اطعمه'.

واژه پختنی در این سیاق، استعاره‌ای از روح در حال کمال است.

The word 'pokhtani' in this context is a metaphor for a soul in the process of perfection.

Metaphorical analysis.

تدقیق در ماهیت پختنی بودن اشیاء، ما را به درک عمیق‌تری از متریالیسم می‌رساند.

Scrutinizing the 'cookable' nature of objects leads us to a deeper understanding of materialism.

Gerundive subject 'tadghigh dar...'.

سیاست‌های کلان کشاورزی بر تولید انبوه مواد پختنی استوار است.

Macro-agricultural policies are based on the mass production of cookable materials.

Complex technical subject.

او با رویکردی پدیدارشناسانه به بررسی مفهوم پختنی در فرهنگ عامه پرداخت.

With a phenomenological approach, he examined the concept of 'cookable' in popular culture.

Advanced academic vocabulary.

هر ماده پختنی، حامل پیامی از زمین و تاریخ آشپزی است.

Every cookable material carries a message from the earth and culinary history.

Poetic structure.

عدم دسترسی به مواد پختنی سالم، از چالش‌های اصلی جوامع مدرن است.

Lack of access to healthy cooking ingredients is one of the main challenges of modern societies.

Negative compound noun 'adam-e dastrasi'.

در این جستار، پختنی بودن به مثابه یک امکان وجودی تعریف شده است.

In this essay, 'being cookable' is defined as an existential possibility.

Philosophical register.

Collocations courantes

مواد پختنی

سبزی پختنی

گوشت پختنی

حبوبات پختنی

بخش پختنی‌ها

ظروف پختنی

سیب‌زمینی پختنی

برنج پختنی

لوازم پختنی

میوه پختنی

Phrases Courantes

فقط پختنی است

— It can only be eaten cooked.

این کدو را خام نخور، فقط پختنی است.

به صورت پختنی

— In a cooked manner/state.

این غذا به صورت پختنی سرو می‌شود.

مناسب برای پختنی

— Suitable for cooking.

این آرد مناسب برای پختنی است.

لیست مواد پختنی

— List of cooking ingredients.

لیست مواد پختنی را بنویس.

دنیای پختنی‌ها

— The world of cooked foods/cooking.

خوش آمدید به دنیای پختنی‌ها.

تازه و پختنی

— Fresh and ready for cooking.

ماهی تازه و پختنی داریم.

غیر قابل پختنی

— Uncookable (rare/incorrect but heard).

این چوب غیر قابل پختنی است.

همه چیز پختنی است

— Everything is for cooking.

در این سبد همه چیز پختنی است.

آماده‌سازی پختنی‌ها

— Preparing the cookable items.

آماده‌سازی پختنی‌ها وقت می‌برد.

روش‌های پختنی

— Methods of cooking.

او روش‌های پختنی مختلفی بلد است.

Souvent confondu avec

پختنی vs پخته (pokhte)

Means 'cooked'. Pokhtani means 'to be cooked'.

پختنی vs پختگی (pokhtegi)

Means 'maturity' or 'ripeness' (abstract noun).

پختنی vs پزاندنی (pazandani)

Rare; means 'something that can be made to cook'.

Expressions idiomatiques

"هنوز پختنی است"

— Metaphorically: Someone who needs more experience or 'cooking'.

این جوان هنوز در این کار پختنی است.

Informal

"پختنی بار آمدن"

— To be raised/prepared for a specific task.

او برای سختی‌ها پختنی بار آمده است.

Literary

"دیگ پختنی"

— A situation where things are developing.

اوضاع مثل یک دیگ پختنی است.

Slang

"حرف‌های پختنی"

— Serious or mature talk (rare).

او همیشه حرف‌های پختنی می‌زند.

Informal

"فکر پختنی"

— A well-thought-out idea.

این یک فکر پختنی و عالی است.

Neutral

"آش پختنی"

— A situation someone has 'cooked up'.

چه آشی برای ما پختنی است؟

Informal

"خام و پختنی"

— The inexperienced and the experienced (metaphor).

دنیا پر از آدم‌های خام و پختنی است.

Literary

"نان پختنی"

— Something essential/basic.

این کار برای ما مثل نان پختنی است.

Informal

"گوشت پختنی کسی بودن"

— To be someone's 'victim' or 'prey' (vulgar/rare).

او گوشت پختنی من است.

Slang

"پختنی شدن"

— To become ready or mature.

بعد از این سفر، او پختنی شد.

Neutral

Facile à confondre

پختنی vs خوردنی

Both relate to food.

Khordani means edible (can be raw), Pokhtani means must be cooked.

سیب خوردنی است، اما سیب‌زمینی پختنی است.

پختنی vs نوشیدنی

Same suffix.

Nushidani is for liquids/drinks.

آب نوشیدنی است، نه پختنی.

پختنی vs سرخ‌کردنی

Both are cooking methods.

Sorkh-kardani is specifically for frying.

این روغن برای مواد پختنی نیست، برای سرخ‌کردنی است.

پختنی vs دم‌کردنی

Same suffix, culinary context.

Dam-kardani is for brewing (like tea).

چای یک ماده دم‌کردنی است.

پختنی vs سوختنی

Sounds similar.

Sukhtani means fuel/combustible.

بنزین یک ماده سوختنی است.

Structures de phrases

این [Noun] پختنی است.

این گوشت پختنی است.

من [Noun] پختنی می‌خواهم.

من سبزی پختنی می‌خواهم.

آیا این [Noun] پختنی است یا [Noun]؟

آیا این کدو پختنی است یا سرخ‌کردنی؟

به دلیل [Adjective] بودن، این ماده پختنی است.

به دلیل سفت بودن، این ماده پختنی است.

تمایز بین [Noun] پختنی و [Noun] ضروری است.

تمایز بین مواد پختنی و آماده ضروری است.

ماهیت پختنی بودن [Noun] نشان‌دهنده...

ماهیت پختنی بودن اشیاء نشان‌دهنده تحول است.

لطفاً [Noun] پختنی را [Verb].

لطفاً مواد پختنی را بشویید.

[Noun] پختنی کجاست؟

لوبیا پختنی کجاست؟

Famille de mots

Noms

پخت (pokht) - cooking/bake

پز (paz) - the act of cooking (suffix)

آشپز (ashpaz) - cook/chef

آشپزخانه (ashpazkhane) - kitchen

Verbes

پختن (pokhtan) - to cook

پزاندن (pazandan) - to cause to cook

پخته شدن (pokhte shodan) - to be cooked

Adjectifs

پخته (pokhte) - cooked/mature

خوش‌پخت (khosh-pokht) - well-cooking

زودپز (zood-paz) - fast-cooking

دیرپز (dir-paz) - slow-cooking

Apparenté

مطبخ (matbakh)

طباخی (tabbakhi)

خوراک (khorak)

غذا (ghaza)

سفره (sofreh)

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

High in culinary and domestic contexts.

Erreurs courantes

Using 'pokhtani' for already cooked food. → Using 'pokhte'.
Pokhtani is the potential to be cooked; pokhte is the finished state.
Saying 'sib-zamini pokhtani' without ezafe. → sib-zamini-ye pokhtani.
Adjectives in Persian require the ezafe connector.
Using 'pokhtani' for water. → Using 'ghabel-e joush' (boilable).
Pokhtani is usually for solid food items.
Confusing 'pokhtani' with 'khordani'. → Using 'pokhtani' specifically for items requiring heat.
Khordani is anything edible; pokhtani is specifically for cooking.
Pronouncing 'pokhtani' with a hard 'k'. → Using the 'kh' sound.
The Persian 'kh' is a fricative, not a stop.

Astuces

The '-ani' Suffix

This suffix transforms a verb into an adjective of potential. Use it to expand your vocabulary: didani (worth seeing), khordani (edible).

Raw vs. Cooked

Always pair 'pokhtani' with its opposite 'kham' (raw) to help remember its specific meaning in the kitchen.

Herbs Category

In an Iranian bazaar, specify 'pokhtani' when buying herbs for stew, or you might get salad greens instead!

Master the 'KH'

The 'kh' in pokhtani is the most important sound. Practice it by clearing your throat slightly.

Supermarket Labels

Look for 'mavade pokhtani' on labels for beans and grains in Persian stores.

Ezafe Rule

Never forget the 'e' sound (ezafe) between the noun and 'pokhtani'. It's 'goosht-e pokhtani'.

Context Clues

If you hear 'pokhtani' in a restaurant, the waiter is likely describing how a side dish is prepared.

The Pot Mnemonic

Think of a 'POT' for 'POkhtani'. You put cookable things in a pot.

Asking Questions

Use 'In pokhtani ast?' to ask if you need to cook something before eating it.

Metaphorical Use

Use 'pokhtani' to describe a well-matured idea to impress native speakers.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Imagine a 'POT' (sounds like the start of Pokhtani) where you put things that are 'Cook-tani'.

Association visuelle

Visualize a raw potato with a big 'P' on it, sitting next to a stove. The 'P' stands for 'Pokhtani'.

Word Web

Kitchen Raw Heat Stove Ingredients Transformation Vegetables Meat

Défi

Go to your kitchen and label three items as 'pokhtani' and three items as 'khordani' (ready to eat).

Origine du mot

Derived from the Middle Persian 'pachtan' and Old Persian 'paka-'. The root is Indo-European *pekw-, which is also the ancestor of the Latin 'coquere' (to cook) and English 'cook'.

Sens originel : To ripen, to mature, or to process with heat.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Persian.

Contexte culturel

No specific sensitivities; the word is neutral and technical.

English uses 'cookable' or 'raw', but Persian 'pokhtani' is more common as a specific category for shopping.

Persian cookbooks by Najmieh Batmanglij Traditional 'Ash' (soup) festivals in Iran Iranian TV show 'Dastpokht'

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Grocery Shopping

بخش مواد پختنی کجاست؟
آیا این‌ها پختنی هستند؟
گوشت پختنی تازه دارید؟
قیمت مواد پختنی چقدر است؟

Cooking Class

ابتدا مواد پختنی را آماده کنید.
این سبزی پختنی است.
چقدر زمان برای پختنی لازم است؟
مواد پختنی را خرد کنید.

Restaurant

این غذا پختنی است یا کبابی؟
سبزیجات پختنی می‌خواهم.
آیا این میوه پختنی است؟
من غذاهای پختنی را ترجیح می‌دهم.

Pottery Workshop

این گل پختنی است.
کوره برای پختنی آماده است.
ظروف پختنی را داخل بگذارید.
دما برای پختنی چقدر است؟

Nutrition/Diet

فواید مواد پختنی چیست؟
رژیم غذایی پختنی.
تفاوت خام و پختنی.
هضم مواد پختنی راحت‌تر است.

Amorces de conversation

"آیا شما بیشتر غذاهای پختنی می‌خورید یا غذاهای خام؟"

"به نظر شما بهترین ماده پختنی برای سوپ چیست؟"

"آیا در کشور شما میوه پختنی هم وجود دارد؟"

"چرا بعضی از سبزیجات حتماً باید پختنی باشند؟"

"شما ترجیح می‌دهید مواد پختنی را از کجا بخرید؟"

Sujets d'écriture

امروز چه مواد پختنی از بازار خریدم و با آن‌ها چه درست کردم؟

تفاوت حس خوردن یک میوه خام با یک میوه پختنی مثل 'به' در چیست؟

چرا در فرهنگ ایرانی، غذاهای پختنی و گرم اهمیت زیادی دارند؟

یک خاطره از زمانی که یک ماده پختنی را به اشتباه خام خوردید بنویسید.

اگر بخواهید یک بخش 'پختنی' در آشپزخانه خود داشته باشید، چه چیزهایی در آن می‌گذارید؟

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

'Pokhtani' refers to something that is intended for cooking or can be cooked (potential). 'Pokhte' means it is already cooked (completed). For example, a raw potato is 'pokhtani', and a boiled potato is 'pokhte'.

Yes, but only if the fruit is typically cooked before eating, like quince (beh) or certain types of sour apples used in stews.

It is a neutral word used in both everyday speech and formal writing, though 'ghabel-e pokht' is more academic.

Usually, it implies boiling, stewing, or baking. For frying, 'sorkh-kardani' is more specific.

Only metaphorically, to mean someone who is 'ripe' for a challenge or needs more life experience, but this is informal and less common.

It is a mix of herbs specifically used for cooking in stews or rice, unlike 'sabzi-ye khordan' which is eaten raw.

If you are buying raw ingredients to cook later, it's 'mavade pokhtani'. If the food is already prepared, it's 'ghazaye pokhte'.

Yes, in pottery, clay that needs to be fired in a kiln is called 'pokhtani'.

You use the prefix 'gheyr-e', so it becomes 'gheyr-e pokhtani'.

The stress is on the final syllable 'ni'.

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