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A1 noun #4,200 le plus courant 9 min de lecture

پتو

patto Top 4,200

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces پتو en 30 secondes

Explication پتو in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'patu' is a basic vocabulary word used to identify a common household object. Learners should be able to point to a blanket and say 'In patu ast' (This is a blanket). They should know how to use it with simple verbs like 'daram' (I have) or 'mikham' (I want). The focus is on physical description (color, size) and basic needs (being cold). At this stage, the word is essential for communicating basic comfort requirements in a home or hotel setting. It is one of the first 500 words a student learns because it relates directly to the immediate environment and personal well-being.

At the A2 level, learners can use 'patu' in more descriptive sentences and simple stories. They can talk about their daily routine, such as 'Patu ra ru-ye takht mi-andazam' (I throw the blanket on the bed). They start using basic adjectives like 'narm' (soft) or 'garm' (warm) and can handle simple shopping interactions, such as asking for the price of a blanket in a bazaar. They also begin to understand the 'Ezafe' construction properly when describing the blanket's properties. The word is used to build more complex sentences about home life and travel preparations.

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At the B1 level, 'patu' is used in the context of giving advice or describing experiences in more detail. For example, a learner might explain why they prefer a certain type of blanket or describe the contents of their suitcase for a trip. They can understand short texts or news clips where 'patu' is mentioned, such as in reports about humanitarian aid. They are familiar with the difference between 'patu' and 'lahaf' and can choose the appropriate word based on the context of warmth and tradition. Their use of the word becomes more natural and integrated into broader topics of conversation.

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At the B2 level, the learner can use 'patu' in abstract or metaphorical ways. They might read a short story where a blanket symbolizes security or a secret. They can discuss the cultural importance of the 'Korsi' and the role of the 'patu' or 'lahaf' in Iranian winter traditions with significant detail. They are comfortable with passive constructions like 'Patu-ha tozi' shodand' (The blankets were distributed). They can also understand and use compound phrases and more advanced collocations, and they can participate in debates about the quality of different materials (wool vs. synthetic).

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At the C1 level, 'patu' appears in complex literary or social analyses. The learner can understand nuances in classical or modern Persian poetry where a 'patu' or covering might be used as a metaphor for the sky, snow, or even divine protection. they can write detailed essays on Iranian domestic culture or the history of textiles, using 'patu' as a specific example within a broader category of 'ru-andaz-ha'. Their vocabulary is rich enough to use synonyms like 'desar' or 'pushesh' appropriately to vary their style. They can also follow fast-paced discussions or news reports on complex socio-economic issues where blankets are mentioned as commodities or aid items.

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At the C2 level, 'patu' is used with the full range of native-like fluency, including rare idioms, historical references, and subtle wordplay. The speaker can appreciate how the word 'patu' has evolved and its place within the vast lexicon of Persian textiles. They can use the word in high-level academic discourse, perhaps discussing the semiotics of the home in Persian cinema. They can effortlessly switch between formal and informal registers, using 'patu' in a slangy way with friends or in a highly formal way in a legal or technical document. At this level, the word is just one thread in a complex linguistic tapestry.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

پتو en 30 secondes

Patu is the standard Persian word for 'blanket'.
It is used in everyday conversation about sleep, warmth, and travel.
Grammatically, it is a noun with the plural 'patu-ha'.
It is distinguished from 'lahaf' (quilt) and 'malafeh' (sheet).

The Persian word پتو (pronounced 'patu') is a fundamental noun in the Persian language, primarily referring to a blanket. In the Iranian household, a blanket is much more than just a piece of bedding; it is a symbol of warmth, safety, and hospitality. Historically and culturally, the concept of a blanket in Iran is tied to the harsh winters of the plateau and the nomadic traditions of weaving. Whether it is a heavy woolen blanket used in the mountainous regions of Azerbaijan or a lighter, synthetic one found in modern Tehran apartments, the word remains the same. The term is utilized across all registers of speech, from a mother comforting a child to a formal inventory list in a hotel or a relief organization distributing aid. Understanding 'patu' involves recognizing its role in the 'Korsi' culture—a traditional Iranian heating setup where a low table is covered with a massive blanket, and family members tuck their legs under it to stay warm during the cold months. This shared experience of sitting under a 'patu' or 'lahaf' (quilt) fosters a unique sense of intimacy and communal bonding in Persian society.

Material Composition: Traditionally made from pashm (wool) or cotton, modern patus are often made from polyester or acrylic fibers for ease of washing and durability.
Social Context: Offering a patu to a guest who is staying overnight is a core duty of 'Mehman-navazi' (Persian hospitality). It signifies that the guest is now part of the inner circle of the home.

لطفاً یک پتو برای من بیاورید، سردم است.

In contemporary usage, the word has also taken on metaphorical meanings. For instance, a 'blanket of snow' is often described using the word 'patu' in poetic or descriptive prose, suggesting a thick, protective, and silent covering over the landscape. When you visit a Persian bazaar, you will see 'patu-forushi' (blanket shops) displaying a vibrant array of colors and patterns, reflecting the Iranian love for intricate designs even in utilitarian objects. The word is A1 level because it is an essential object for daily survival and comfort, making it one of the first nouns a learner should master to navigate domestic life in a Persian-speaking environment.

بچه‌ها زیر پتو قایم شده بودند.

Furthermore, the linguistic evolution of 'patu' shows its stability in the language. Unlike many other household items that changed names with the influx of French or English loanwords in the 20th century, 'patu' has remained the standard. It is distinct from 'lahaf' (a thick, heavy quilt usually stuffed with cotton or down) and 'malafeh' (a thin bed sheet). Knowing the difference is crucial for effective communication; if you ask for a 'patu' in the middle of a hot summer night, your host might be surprised, as they would expect you to ask for a 'malafeh'. This nuance highlights the importance of context in Persian vocabulary enrichment.

Using the word پتو correctly involves pairing it with the right verbs and adjectives to describe its state, its use, or its quality. The most common verb used with 'patu' is andakhtan (to throw/to put on), as in 'patu andakhtan ru-ye kasi' (to put a blanket over someone). Another essential verb is pichidan (to wrap), used when someone wraps themselves in a blanket to stay warm. For maintenance, we use shostan (to wash) or tekan dadan (to shake out/dust off). Adjectives often describe the texture, weight, or size: 'patu-ye narm' (soft blanket), 'patu-ye zakhim' (thick blanket), or 'patu-ye donafareh' (double-sized blanket).

Verb Pairings: Common verbs include: andakhtan (to put on), pichidan (to wrap), shostan (to wash), and kharidan (to buy).
Adjective Pairings: Common adjectives include: garm (warm), narm (soft), sangin (heavy), and pashmi (woolen).

او یک پتوی پشمی خرید تا در سفر گرم بماند.

In grammatical terms, 'patu' follows standard Persian noun rules. Its plural is 'patu-ha'. When modified by an adjective, the 'Ezafe' construction is used (patu-ye ...). For example, 'patu-ye abi' (the blue blanket). In spoken Persian, the 'ye' sound in the Ezafe is often pronounced clearly because the word ends in a vowel 'u'. If you are describing an action involving a blanket, you might say 'patu ra bekesh ru-ye payat' (pull the blanket over your legs). This level of detail ensures that you can move beyond simple identification to active usage in complex scenarios.

مادرم تمام پتوها را در آفتاب پهن کرد.

When talking about shopping, you might hear 'patu-ye mosaferati' (travel blanket), which is usually thinner and more portable. In a medical or emergency context, you might hear 'patu-ye nejat' (rescue/emergency blanket). By mastering these combinations, you can express specific needs and observations. The word 'patu' is also used in compound verbs or phrases like 'patu pich kardan' (to wrap up tightly like a blanket), which can be used for objects or even people in a playful or protective sense. This versatility makes it a cornerstone of the Persian learner's vocabulary.

You will encounter the word پتو in a variety of everyday settings across the Persian-speaking world. The most common place is, of course, the home. During the winter months in Iran, Afghanistan, or Tajikistan, the 'patu' is a constant topic of conversation—whether someone is asking for an extra one, complaining that it's too thin, or discussing which ones to bring out for guests. In the traditional bazaars of cities like Isfahan or Tabriz, you will hear vendors shouting about the quality of their 'patu-ha', emphasizing their softness and warmth to passersby. It is a word of comfort and domesticity.

In the Home: Parents often tell children: 'Patu ra ta kon' (Fold the blanket) or 'Zir-e patu bekhab' (Sleep under the blanket).
In Travel & Hospitality: In hotels, you might call reception and say: 'Lotfan yek patu-ye ezafeh biavarid' (Please bring an extra blanket).

در سربازخانه، هر سرباز یک پتوی سازمانی دارد.

Beyond the home, 'patu' is a key term in the military and in humanitarian efforts. In 'sarbaz-khaneh' (barracks), the 'patu-ye nezami' (military blanket) is iconic—typically grey or olive green, heavy, and strictly folded. In news reports following natural disasters like earthquakes, which unfortunately occur in the region, you will frequently hear the word 'patu' as one of the primary items needed for aid. News anchors might say, 'Hezar-an takhteh patu be mantaqeh ersal shod' (Thousands of blankets were sent to the region). This usage underscores the word's association with survival and protection.

کمک‌های مردمی شامل غذا و پتو بود.

In literature and cinema, 'patu' can be used to create a sense of 'Khalvat' (privacy/solitude). A character might hide under a blanket to cry or to read a secret letter. In modern Persian pop culture and social media, you might see memes about 'Patu-ye garm' during the 'Sarma-ye Estokholm' (Stockholm cold) or simply about the struggle of leaving a warm blanket on a Monday morning. Whether in a gritty documentary about homelessness or a cozy family sitcom, 'patu' is a ubiquitous linguistic element that anchors the listener in the physical reality of the Persian-speaking world.

For English speakers learning Persian, the most common mistake is confusing پتو with other types of bedding. In English, 'blanket' is often used generically, but Persian is more specific. A 'patu' is typically a single layer of woven or felted material. If you are talking about a thick, stuffed quilt (like a duvet or a comforter), you should use the word لحاف (lahaf). Using 'patu' when you mean 'lahaf' isn't a grave error, but it marks you as a beginner. Similarly, do not confuse it with ملحفه (malafeh), which is the thin sheet that goes directly against your skin.

Patu vs. Lahaf: Patu is a woven blanket; Lahaf is a thick, stuffed quilt. Use Lahaf for extreme cold or traditional bedding.
Patu vs. Malafeh: Malafeh is a bed sheet. If you ask for a Patu in the summer, you'll get something much warmer than a sheet.

اشتباه: من زیر ملحفه گرم می‌شوم. (در حالی که منظور پتو است)

Another mistake involves the pronunciation of the final vowel. It is a long 'u' sound (like 'boot'), not a short one. Pronouncing it as 'pato' might sound like you are trying to say 'toe' or another unrelated sound. Also, pay attention to the pluralization. While 'patu-jat' is a possible collective form in some archaic or very specific commercial contexts, 'patu-ha' is the only form you should use in 99% of situations. Using the wrong plural can sound unnatural.

درست: این پتو خیلی زبر است، یکی دیگر بدهید.

Finally, learners sometimes struggle with the 'Ezafe' when an adjective follows 'patu'. Since 'patu' ends in a vowel, you must add a 'ye' sound: 'patu-ye narm'. Forgetting this 'ye' makes the sentence sound choppy and grammatically incorrect. Also, avoid using 'patu' for floor coverings. Even if a rug is thin, it is a 'gelim' or 'zir-andaz', never a 'patu'. A 'patu' is specifically for covering the body. Keeping these distinctions in mind will significantly improve your fluency and make your Persian sound more authentic.

While پتو is the standard word for blanket, Persian offers a rich vocabulary for various types of coverings, each with its own specific use and connotation. Understanding these alternatives will help you choose the right word for the right situation. For example, if you are looking for something very thick and traditional, لحاف (lahaf) is your best bet. If you are looking for a thin, decorative cover for a bed, you might use روانداز (ru-andaz). Each of these words carries a different 'weight'—both literally and figuratively.

لحاف (Lahaf): A heavy quilt. Used for sleeping in cold weather. Often handmade with cotton filling.
روانداز (Ru-andaz): A generic term for any top covering or bedspread. More formal than patu.
چادرشب (Chador-shab): A traditional, often hand-woven colorful wrapper used to bundle bedding or as a light cover in northern Iran.

او به جای پتو، از یک روانداز نازک استفاده کرد.

In more poetic or formal contexts, you might encounter دثار (desar), an Arabic loanword meaning a large outer garment or covering, though this is rare in daily speech. For specific regional items, گلیم (gelim) or جاجیم (jajim) might be used as blankets by nomadic tribes, even though they are technically types of flat-woven rugs. The word پوشش (pushesh) is a broad term for any 'covering' or 'clothing' and can be used in academic or technical discussions about thermal insulation.

مادربزرگ یک لحاف قدیمی برایم دوخت.

Comparing 'patu' to its synonyms also reveals cultural priorities. The existence of so many words for 'covering' reflects the Iranian climate's variability. While 'patu' is the industrial, modern standard, 'lahaf' evokes nostalgia and 'chador-shab' evokes regional identity. When you choose 'patu', you are opting for the most direct and functional term available. By learning these distinctions, you not only improve your vocabulary but also gain insight into the material culture of Iran and other Persian-speaking nations.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

In ancient times, a 'patu' was often a multifunctional item, serving as a cloak during the day and a blanket at night for travelers and shepherds.

Guide de prononciation

UK /pæˈtuː/

US /pəˈtu/

The stress is on the second syllable: pa-TU.

Rime avec

اتو (otu - iron) کدو (kadu - pumpkin) سبو (sabu - pitcher) گردو (gerdu - walnut) دارو (daru - medicine) ترو (taru - a type of bird) هلو (holu - peach) عمو (amu - paternal uncle)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing it as 'pato' (like tomato). The final sound must be a long 'u'.
Stress on the first syllable. In Persian, nouns usually take the stress on the final syllable.
Making the 'a' sound too long like 'paaaa-tu'.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 1/5

The word is short and uses basic Persian letters. Very easy to read.

Écriture 1/5

Only three letters: pe, te, vav. Very simple to write.

Expression orale 2/5

Requires correct 'u' vowel sound, but otherwise straightforward.

Écoute 1/5

Distinct sound, rarely confused with other words in context.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

گرم (warm) خواب (sleep) تخت (bed) سرد (cold) من (I)

Apprends ensuite

لحاف (quilt) بالش (pillow) ملحفه (sheet) اتاق خواب (bedroom) نرم (soft)

Avancé

نساجی (textiles) تار و پود (warp and weft) الیاف (fibers) عایق حرارتی (thermal insulation)

Grammaire à connaître

The Ezafe after a vowel 'u'

پتویِ من (patu-ye man) - The 'y' sound is added to link the noun to the possessor or adjective.

Indefinite 'i' after 'u'

پتویی (patu-i) - A blanket. The 'i' follows the 'u' directly.

Pluralization with '-ha'

پتوها (patu-ha) - Blankets. Standard plural for inanimate objects.

Classifiers for textiles

یک تخته پتو - Using 'takhteh' (board/sheet) as a counter for blankets.

Compound Verbs with 'kardan'

تا کردن پتو - To fold the blanket. 'Ta' is the non-verbal element.

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Exemples par niveau

این پتو گرم است.

This blanket is warm.

Simple subject + adjective + verb 'to be'.

من یک پتو دارم.

I have a blanket.

Verb 'dashtan' (to have) in the first person singular.

پتو کجاست؟

Where is the blanket?

Interrogative sentence using 'koja'.

پتو روی تخت است.

The blanket is on the bed.

Preposition 'ru-ye' (on).

لطفاً پتو را بیاور.

Please bring the blanket.

Imperative form of 'avardan' (to bring).

پتو آبی است.

The blanket is blue.

Basic color adjective.

او پتو می‌خواهد.

He/She wants a blanket.

Verb 'khastan' (to want) in the third person singular.

پتو نرم است.

The blanket is soft.

Adjective 'narm' (soft).

مادرم یک پتوی نو خرید.

My mother bought a new blanket.

Past tense of 'kharidan' (to buy).

پتوها را در کمد بگذار.

Put the blankets in the closet.

Plural noun 'patu-ha' and imperative 'bogzar'.

آیا این پتو برای توست؟

Is this blanket yours?

Possessive 'baraye to' (for you).

من زیر پتو خوابیدم.

I slept under the blanket.

Preposition 'zir-e' (under).

این پتو خیلی بزرگ است.

This blanket is very big.

Adverb 'kheyli' (very) modifying the adjective.

پتو را تا کن.

Fold the blanket.

Compound imperative 'ta kardan'.

هوا سرد است، پتو بینداز.

The weather is cold, put on a blanket.

Imperative 'biandaz' from 'andakhtan'.

او پتوی قرمزش را دوست دارد.

He/She likes his/her red blanket.

Possessive suffix '-ash'.

برای سفر شمال، حتماً پتو بردار.

For the trip to the north, definitely take a blanket.

Use of 'hatman' (definitely) for advice.

این پتو از پشم خالص درست شده است.

This blanket is made of pure wool.

Passive-like construction 'dorost shode ast'.

وقتی مریض بودم، دوتا پتو انداختم.

When I was sick, I put on two blankets.

Past continuous context with 'vaghti' (when).

پتوهای قدیمی را به خیریه دادیم.

We gave the old blankets to charity.

Plural definite object with 'ra'.

می‌توانم یک پتوی اضافه داشته باشم؟

Can I have an extra blanket?

Polite request using 'mitavanam'.

پتو را طوری بپیچ که سردت نشود.

Wrap the blanket in a way that you don't get cold.

Subjunctive 'nashavad' in a result clause.

این پتو بعد از شستن کوچک شد.

This blanket shrank after washing.

Past tense 'kuchek shod' (became small).

پتو را روی مبل پهن کردیم.

We spread the blanket on the sofa.

Compound verb 'pahn kardan'.

ضخامت این پتو برای زمستان کافی نیست.

The thickness of this blanket is not enough for winter.

Noun 'zakhamat' (thickness) as the subject.

او خودش را در پتو پیچید و به تماشای باران نشست.

He wrapped himself in a blanket and sat watching the rain.

Reflexive 'khodash' and sequential actions.

پتوهای امدادی بین زلزله‌زدگان توزیع شد.

Relief blankets were distributed among earthquake victims.

Formal passive voice 'tozi' shod'.

باید پتوها را قبل از انبار کردن، بشوییم.

We must wash the blankets before storing them.

Modal 'bayad' with subjunctive 'beshuyim'.

این پتو یادگار مادربزرگم است.

This blanket is a memento from my grandmother.

Noun 'yadgar' (memento/heirloom).

پتو را دور بچه پیچیدند تا دمای بدنش افت نکند.

They wrapped the blanket around the baby so his body temperature wouldn't drop.

Purpose clause with 'ta' and subjunctive.

قیمت پتو در این فصل به شدت افزایش یافته است.

The price of blankets has increased sharply this season.

Formal present perfect 'afzayesh yafte ast'.

او با پتو یک سنگر کوچک برای خودش ساخت.

He made a small fort for himself with a blanket.

Prepositional phrase 'ba patu' (with a blanket).

برف همچون پتویی سفید بر سر شهر کشیده شده بود.

The snow had been drawn over the city like a white blanket.

Simile 'hamchon' and poetic passive construction.

او تمام خاطراتش را زیر پتوی فراموشی پنهان کرد.

He hid all his memories under the blanket of forgetfulness.

Metaphorical use of 'patu'.

تولید پتوهای نانو، تحولی در صنعت نساجی ایجاد کرده است.

The production of nano-blankets has created a revolution in the textile industry.

Technical vocabulary and complex subject.

در آن سرمای استخوان‌سوز، حتی سه پتو هم چاره‌ساز نبود.

In that bone-chilling cold, even three blankets were not a solution.

Compound adjective 'ostokhan-suz' (bone-burning/chilling).

او با بی‌میلی پتو را کنار زد و از تخت بیرون آمد.

He reluctantly pushed the blanket aside and got out of bed.

Adverbial phrase 'ba bi-meyli' (reluctantly).

پتوهای دست‌باف این منطقه، شهرت جهانی دارند.

The hand-woven blankets of this region have global fame.

Compound adjective 'dast-baf' (hand-woven).

دولت موظف به تأمین پتو و وسایل گرمایشی برای پناهندگان است.

The government is obliged to provide blankets and heating equipment for refugees.

Formal administrative language.

لطافت این پتو با هیچ محصول دیگری قابل مقایسه نیست.

The softness of this blanket is not comparable to any other product.

Noun 'letafat' (softness/delicacy).

نویسنده در این رمان، پتو را نمادی از انزوای خودخواسته شخصیت قرار داده است.

In this novel, the author has made the blanket a symbol of the character's self-imposed isolation.

Literary analysis register.

پتوهای مسافرتی به دلیل وزن اندک و کارایی بالا، در سفرهای کوهنوردی کاربرد وسیعی دارند.

Travel blankets, due to their low weight and high efficiency, have wide application in mountaineering trips.

Technical/Scientific register.

او چنان در پتو فرو رفته بود که گویی می‌خواست از تمام جهان پنهان شود.

He was so sunken into the blanket as if he wanted to hide from the entire world.

Conjunction 'gu-i' (as if) and intensive 'chonan'.

بررسی‌های باستان‌شناسی نشان‌دهنده استفاده از الیاف گیاهی برای بافت پتو در ادوار کهن است.

Archaeological investigations indicate the use of plant fibers for weaving blankets in ancient eras.

Academic/Historical register.

او با یک حرکت مقتدرانه، پتو را از روی بیمار کنار زد تا معاینه را آغاز کند.

With an authoritative movement, he pulled the blanket off the patient to begin the examination.

Descriptive narrative with 'ba yek harekate moghtaderane'.

در این پژوهش، نرخ انتقال حرارت در انواع پتوهای پشمی و مصنوعی مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت.

In this research, the heat transfer rate in various woolen and synthetic blankets was compared.

Research/Formal passive register.

پتو در فرهنگ عامه، گاه به عنوان حایلی میان دنیای بیداری و رویا تصویر می‌شود.

In folklore, the blanket is sometimes depicted as a buffer between the world of waking and dreams.

Philosophical/Cultural register.

تنوع نقوش در پتوهای عشایری، بازتابی از جهان‌بینی و محیط پیرامون آن‌هاست.

The variety of motifs in nomadic blankets is a reflection of their worldview and surrounding environment.

Sociological/Artistic register.

Collocations courantes

پتوی پشمی

پتوی نرم

پتوی دونفره

پتوی مسافرتی

پتو انداختن

پتو پیچیدن

شستن پتو

پتوی برقی

پتوی نجات

زیر پتو

Phrases Courantes

پتو را کشیدن روی سر

— To pull the blanket over one's head, usually to hide or sleep deeply.

از ترس، پتو را روی سرم کشیدم.

پتو به پتو شدن

— An informal way to describe blankets getting tangled or messy.

تخت شلوغ است و پتو به پتو شده.

پتو لازم بودن

— To be in need of a blanket (feeling cold).

خیلی سردم است، واقعاً پتو لازمم.

پتو را تا زدن

— To fold the blanket neatly.

صبح‌ها همیشه پتو را تا می‌زنم.

یک تخته پتو

— The specific counting unit for blankets ('takhteh').

او دو تخته پتو خرید.

پتو انداختن روی چیزی

— To cover something up with a blanket.

پتو را روی قفس پرنده انداختم.

پتو را دور خود پیچیدن

— To wrap a blanket around oneself for warmth.

دور خودت پتو بپیچ تا نلرزی.

پتوی گلبافت

— Referring to a famous brand of embossed blankets in Iran.

این پتو گلبافت است و خیلی نرم است.

پتو را پس زدن

— To push the blanket away (usually when waking up).

پتو را پس زد و بلند شد.

پتوی تمیز

— A clean blanket.

برای مهمان پتوهای تمیز بیاور.

Souvent confondu avec

پتو vs پالتو (palto)

Palto means 'overcoat' or 'winter coat'. It sounds similar but is worn outside.

پتو vs پوسته (pusteh)

Pusteh means 'shell' or 'crust'. Only shares the 'p' sound.

پتو vs پتو (pato)

Not a Persian word, but a common mispronunciation by English speakers.

Expressions idiomatiques

"زیر پتو رفتن"

— Literally to go under the blanket, but often used to mean going to sleep or retreating from the world.

حالم خوب نبود و زود زیر پتو رفتم.

Informal

"پتو روی چیزی کشیدن"

— Metaphorically, to cover up a mistake or a secret.

نمی‌توانی روی این اشتباه پتو بکشی.

Informal

"مثل پتو پهن شدن"

— To spread out lazily or to fall flat on the ground.

خسته بود و وسط اتاق مثل پتو پهن شد.

Slang

"پتو پیچ کردن"

— To wrap someone up so tightly they can't move, often used for babies or playfully for adults.

بچه را پتو پیچ کردند تا بخوابد.

Informal

"از زیر پتو حرف زدن"

— To speak while muffled or to speak without showing oneself; can imply laziness or shyness.

درست حرف بزن، از زیر پتو صدایت نمی‌آید.

Informal

"پتو را از روی کسی کنار زدن"

— To expose someone's secret or to force them out of their comfort zone.

حقیقت پتو را از روی دروغ‌هایش کنار زد.

Literary

"پتو به دوش"

— Someone carrying a blanket on their shoulders, often implying a traveler, a homeless person, or someone very cold.

پیرمرد پتو به دوش در کوچه می‌رفت.

Descriptive

"پتو پارتی"

— A modern term for a 'slumber party' or 'blanket party' among youth.

امشب خانه ما پتو پارتی است.

Slang

"پتو کشیدن روی چشم"

— To ignore the truth or refuse to see something.

پتو روی چشمت نکش، واقعیت را ببین.

Informal

"پتو انداختن روی آتش"

— To smother a fire (literally) or to calm a heated situation (metaphorically).

با حرف‌هایش روی آتش دعوا پتو انداخت.

Informal

Facile à confondre

پتو vs لحاف (lahaf)

Both are used for warmth in bed.

Patu is a single woven blanket; Lahaf is a thick, stuffed quilt.

در سرمای شدید، لحاف بهتر از پتو است.

پتو vs ملحفه (malafeh)

Both are bed coverings.

Malafeh is a thin sheet; Patu is a warm blanket.

اول ملحفه را پهن کن، بعد پتو را.

پتو vs روانداز (ru-andaz)

Ru-andaz is a synonym.

Ru-andaz is more general and formal; Patu is specific.

هر پتویی یک روانداز است، اما هر رواندازی پتو نیست.

پتو vs شمد (shamad)

Both are blankets.

Shamad is very thin cotton for summer; Patu is for warmth.

در یزد به جای پتو از شمد استفاده می‌کنند.

پتو vs چادرشب (chador-shab)

Both wrap around the body.

Chador-shab is a traditional patterned wrap, often thinner.

او پتو را داخل چادرشب پیچید.

Structures de phrases

[Subject] [Patu] darad.

علی پتو دارد.

In [Patu] [Adjective] ast.

این پتو گرم است.

[Patu] ra [Preposition] [Noun] bogzar.

پتو را روی تخت بگذار.

Man be [Patu] niaz daram chon [Reason].

من به پتو نیاز دارم چون سردم است.

Agar [Condition], [Patu] biandaz.

اگر سردت شد، پتو بینداز.

[Patu] be عنوان [Symbol] dar in dastan ast.

پتو به عنوان نماد آرامش در این داستان است.

Ba tavajoh be [Context], tozi-e [Patu] zaruri ast.

با توجه به شرایط، توزیع پتو ضروری است.

[Patu] hamchon [Simile] bar [Noun] keshide shod.

پتو همچون برفی بر زمین کشیده شد.

Famille de mots

Noms

پتوبافی (blanket weaving)

پتوفروشی (blanket shop)

Adjectifs

پتویی (blanket-like/made of blanket material)

Apparenté

لحاف (quilt)

تشک (mattress)

بالش (pillow)

ملحفه (sheet)

خواب (sleep)

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Extremely frequent in winter and in domestic contexts.

Erreurs courantes

Using 'patu' for a bed sheet. → ملحفه (malafeh)
A sheet is thin; a blanket is thick. Don't mix them up in summer!
Saying 'patu garm' instead of 'patu-ye garm'. → پتوی گرم
Nouns ending in 'u' need a 'ye' to connect to an adjective.
Pronouncing it 'pato'. → patu (long u)
The 'o' sound changes the word's meaning or makes it unrecognizable.
Using 'daneh' to count blankets. → تخته (takhteh)
While 'daneh' is common for small items, 'takhteh' is the proper classifier for blankets.
Confusing 'patu' with 'palto'. → پتو vs پالتو
A patu is for the bed; a palto is a coat for outside.

Astuces

Distinguish your bedding

Learn 'patu', 'lahaf', and 'malafeh' together. It will save you from confusion when staying at an Iranian home.

The 'Ye' connector

Always remember the 'ye' sound when adding an adjective: 'patu-ye garm'. Without it, the phrase is incomplete.

Hospitality

If someone offers you a 'patu', it's a sign of care. Accepting it, even if you aren't very cold, is a polite gesture.

The Long U

Practice the 'u' sound. It's the same as in 'Rumi' or 'Zucchini'. Avoid the English 'oh' sound.

Brand names

If you are in Iran, look for 'Golaris' or 'G گلبافت' (Golbaft). They are synonymous with quality blankets.

Washing

In Iran, heavy blankets are often washed by specialized 'ghali-shui' (carpet cleaners) or at home in large tubs.

Patu-pich

Use 'patu-pich kardan' when you want to say you've wrapped something up very securely.

Korsi

Search for images of a 'Korsi' to see how multiple 'patus' and 'lahafs' are used together.

News keywords

In disaster reports, 'patu' is a keyword. If you hear it, the topic is likely about humanitarian aid.

Classifier

Use 'takhteh' when counting blankets to sound like a native speaker: 'do takhteh patu'.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of a 'PAT' on the back that makes you feel 'U' (you) are warm. PAT-U.

Association visuelle

Imagine a giant 'P' shaped blanket wrapped around a 'U' (you) in the middle of a snowy forest.

Word Web

Warmth Sleep Wool Bedroom Winter Softness Korsi Comfort

Défi

Try to find three different things in your house that you can cover with a 'patu' and name them in Persian.

Origine du mot

The word 'patu' is of Persian origin, though its exact roots are debated. Some linguists suggest it relates to 'pashm' (wool), as blankets were historically primarily woolen. It has been a stable part of the Persian lexicon for centuries.

Sens originel : A covering made of coarse wool or hair.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Western Iranian -> Persian.

Contexte culturel

There are no major sensitivities, but in relief contexts, the quality of 'patu' provided to refugees is a sensitive political and humanitarian topic.

In English-speaking cultures, blankets are often just bedding, but in Persian culture, they are also essential for social gatherings (like picnics or Korsi).

The 'Korsi' scenes in the movie 'The Night of the Hunchback' (Shab-e Ghouzi). References to woolen blankets in the works of Sadegh Hedayat to depict poverty. Modern Persian pop songs that mention 'patu' as a symbol of domestic loneliness.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

At Home

پتو را مرتب کن
پتو کثیف است
پتوی من کجاست؟
یک پتو بیاور

In a Hotel

پتوی اضافه می‌خواهم
این پتو تمیز نیست
پتوها را عوض کنید
پتوی گرم‌تری دارید؟

Camping/Travel

پتوی سفری بردار
پتو را در کوله بگذار
پتو خیس شده است
بدون پتو نمی‌شود خوابید

Hospital

مریض پتو می‌خواهد
پتو را روی پایش بکشید
پتوهای بیمارستان استریل هستند
پتو را تعویض کنید

Shopping

قیمت این پتو چند است؟
پتوی پشمی دارید؟
این پتو خیلی سبک است
یک پتوی دونفره می‌خواهم

Amorces de conversation

"آیا شما در زمستان از پتوی برقی استفاده می‌کنید؟ (Do you use an electric blanket in winter?)"

"به نظر شما بهترین جنس برای پتو چیست؟ (What do you think is the best material for a blanket?)"

"پتوی محبوب دوران کودکی شما چه شکلی بود؟ (What did your favorite childhood blanket look like?)"

"در شهر شما مردم بیشتر از پتو استفاده می‌کنند یا لحاف؟ (In your city, do people use blankets or quilts more?)"

"آیا برای پیک‌نیک پتو همراه خود می‌برید؟ (Do you take a blanket with you for picnics?)"

Sujets d'écriture

درباره یک شب سرد بنویسید که زیر یک پتوی گرم پناه گرفته بودید. (Write about a cold night when you took refuge under a warm blanket.)

تفاوت‌های بین پتو و لحاف را از نظر خودتان شرح دهید. (Describe the differences between a blanket and a quilt from your perspective.)

اگر قرار بود یک پتوی جادویی داشته باشید، چه قدرتی داشت؟ (If you were to have a magical blanket, what power would it have?)

خاطره‌ای از یک سفر که در آن پتو نقش مهمی داشت بنویسید. (Write a memory of a trip where a blanket played an important role.)

چرا داشتن یک پتوی شخصی برای بسیاری از افراد اهمیت دارد؟ (Why is having a personal blanket important for many people?)

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

No, 'patu' is only for covering the body. For a carpet, use 'farsh' or 'ghali'.

The plural is 'patu-ha'. In very formal or archaic contexts, you might see 'patu-jat', but it is rare.

It is 'patu-ye barghi'.

No, it is only a noun. To say 'to blanket', you would use 'pushandan' or 'patu andakhtan'.

The classifier is 'takhteh'. For example: 'Se takhteh patu' (Three blankets).

Yes, it is the standard word used in both formal and informal Persian.

It means 'travel blanket', usually a lightweight and compact blanket.

Use 'patu-ye narm'.

The word 'patu' is understood in both, though Afghanistan may have additional regional terms like 'shol'.

You can say: 'Lotfan yek patu-ye ezafeh baraye man biavarid'.

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