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B1 adverb #3,500 le plus courant 10 min de lecture

明瞭に

meiryou ni Top 3,500

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces 明瞭に en 30 secondes

Explication 明瞭に in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use '明瞭に' (meiryō ni) yet. It is a bit too difficult. Instead, you use 'はっきりと' (hakkiri to) to mean 'clearly'. A1 students learn to say 'Please speak clearly' as 'Hakkiri hanashite kudasai'. The word 'meiryō ni' is made of two kanji that mean 'bright' and 'clear'. Imagine a light bulb that is very bright and makes everything easy to see. That is the feeling of this word. Even though it is a formal word, you can think of it as a 'super clear' version of 'hakkiri'. In A1, we focus on simple words for daily life, like 'clear' for the weather or 'clear' for a voice. 'Meiryō ni' is like a professional version of those words. If you hear it, just remember it means 'very clearly and easy to understand'. You might hear it on the news or from a teacher who wants everyone to listen carefully. Don't worry about using it in your own speaking yet; just try to recognize the 'mei' (bright) kanji, which you will also see in 'ashita' (tomorrow) and 'akarui' (bright). This kanji always brings a sense of light and clarity to whatever word it is in. So, 'meiryō ni' is 'brightly clear'!

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At the A2 level, you are starting to learn more 'Kango' (words made from two or more kanji). '明瞭に' (meiryō ni) is one of these words. While you still use 'hakkiri' most of the time, you might start seeing 'meiryō ni' in your reading practice or hearing it in announcements. At this level, you should understand that 'meiryō ni' is used when someone is trying to be very professional. For example, if you are listening to a recorded announcement at a train station, the voice is often described as 'meiryō'. It's not just 'loud'; it's 'distinct'. Every sound is easy to separate from the others. You can practice recognizing this word in sentences like 'The teacher explained clearly' (Sensei wa meiryō ni setsumei shita). It's a step up from 'hakkiri'. At A2, you are building your vocabulary to include more formal options. Think of 'hakkiri' as your casual sneakers and 'meiryō ni' as your formal dress shoes. You use them for different occasions. When you want to sound like a serious student or a polite worker, you can try using 'meiryō ni' when talking about how someone speaks or how a picture looks. It shows you have a higher level of Japanese than a beginner.

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At the B1 level, '明瞭に' (meiryō ni) becomes a very useful word for your active vocabulary. This is the level where you are expected to handle more formal situations, such as business meetings or academic discussions. You should be able to distinguish between 'meiryō ni' and other similar words like 'meikaku ni' (precisely). 'Meiryō ni' is perfect for describing the quality of communication. For instance, if you are giving a presentation, you should aim to speak 'meiryō ni'. This doesn't just mean your Japanese is correct; it means your pronunciation is crisp and your logic is easy to follow. At B1, you will encounter this word in news articles, opinion pieces, and formal letters. You should practice using it with verbs like 'state' (noberu), 'explain' (setsumei suru), and 'show' (shimesu). It adds a layer of professionalism to your speech. For example, instead of saying 'I want to speak clearly,' you can say 'Meiryō ni tsutaetai desu' (I want to convey [my message] clearly). This sounds much more mature. You should also be aware of the na-adjective form 'meiryō na', which you can use to describe things like 'clear pronunciation' (meiryō na hatsuon). Mastering this word helps you move away from simple descriptions and toward more nuanced, professional communication.

At the B2 level, you should have a firm grasp of '明瞭に' (meiryō ni) and be able to use it naturally in complex sentences. You understand that this word implies an objective clarity. It’s not just that you *think* it’s clear; it’s that the information is presented in a way that *is* clear to everyone. At this level, you might use it to discuss the resolution of a screen, the articulation of a singer, or the transparency of a government policy. You can also use it in its negative form, 'fumeiryō ni' (unclearly), to describe things that are vague or blurry. For example, 'The cause of the accident is still unclear' (Jiko no gen'in wa mada fumeiryō da). At B2, you should also be familiar with compound words like 'meiryō-kaikatsu' (articulate and cheerful). You will see 'meiryō ni' used in legal documents to ensure that terms are 'clearly' defined. When writing essays, you can use 'meiryō ni' to introduce your main point: 'I will state my opinion clearly' (Watashi no iken o meiryō ni nobeます). This shows that you are a confident and organized communicator. You should also be able to explain the difference between 'meiryō ni' and 'senmei ni' (vividly), noting that 'meiryō' is more about the ease of understanding and 'senmei' is more about the intensity of the visual or memory.

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At the C1 level, '明瞭に' (meiryō ni) is a word you use to fine-tune your expression. You understand the subtle differences between 'meiryō', 'meikaku', 'meihaku', and 'senmei'. For a C1 speaker, 'meiryō ni' is often used to describe the 'lucidity' of a philosophical argument or the 'articulateness' of a sophisticated orator. You might use it in a critique of a piece of literature, noting that the author's message is 'meiryō ni' conveyed through their choice of metaphors. You are also aware of the technical applications of the word in fields like acoustics, linguistics, and optics. For example, you might discuss the 'speech intelligibility' (goon meiryō-do) of a room's design. At this level, you don't just use the word; you use it to show that you are operating at a high intellectual level. You might use it in a debate to call out an opponent's lack of clarity: 'Kimi no ronten wa meiryō ni sa-rete inai' (Your point is not being stated clearly). This shows a command of the language that allows for precise, high-stakes communication. You also understand how 'meiryō' fits into the broader context of Japanese aesthetics and communication styles, where clarity is sometimes balanced with 'aimai' (ambiguity) depending on the social situation. However, in the professional and academic spheres where you now operate, 'meiryō ni' is your standard for excellence.

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At the C2 level, '明瞭に' (meiryō ni) is a tool for absolute precision in communication. You use it with complete mastery of its register and nuances. You might use it when discussing the 'perspicuity' of a complex legal statute or the 'distinctness' of a specific dialect's phonology. At this level, you are likely reading academic journals or high-level literature where 'meiryō ni' is used to describe the very essence of truth and understanding. You can use it to describe the way a historical event has been 'clearly' re-evaluated in light of new evidence. Your usage of 'meiryō ni' is flawless, and you can even play with the word's formality to achieve specific rhetorical effects. For example, you might use it in a highly formal speech to emphasize the transparency of an organization's goals, or in a scientific paper to describe the 'clear' separation of variables in an experiment. You are also aware of the word's historical development and how its usage has evolved in modern Japanese. You can distinguish between 'meiryō' as a quality of the 'sender' of information and 'meiryō' as a quality of the 'medium' itself. For a C2 speaker, 'meiryō ni' is not just a vocabulary word; it is a concept that represents the pinnacle of effective, unambiguous, and professional Japanese expression. You use it to navigate the most complex social and intellectual landscapes with ease and authority.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

明瞭に en 30 secondes

Used to describe actions done with high clarity and distinctness in formal settings.
Commonly modifies verbs like 'speak', 'show', 'state', and 'perceive'.
A more professional and academic alternative to the common word 'hakkiri'.
Essential for business communication, academic writing, and technical descriptions.

The Japanese adverb 明瞭に (meiryō ni) is a sophisticated term used to describe actions performed with clarity, distinctness, and lack of ambiguity. Rooted in the kanji 明 (bright/clear) and 瞭 (clear/obvious), it signifies a level of lucidity that goes beyond simple understanding. While the more common word hakkiri covers general clarity, 明瞭に carries an academic, professional, or technical nuance. It is frequently employed when discussing communication, visual perception, or logical reasoning where precision is paramount. For instance, a speaker might be praised for speaking 明瞭に during a formal presentation, or a document might be described as stating its objectives 明瞭に to avoid legal misunderstandings.

Kanji Breakdown: 明 (Mei) represents brightness, as in the sun and moon together. 瞭 (Ryō) specifically refers to clear vision or something being easily seen from a distance. Together, they create a sense of 'shining clarity'.
Formal Contexts: This word is a staple in news broadcasting, academic papers, and legal settings. It implies that the clarity is objective and verifiable, rather than just a subjective feeling of understanding.

アナウンサーは、ニュースを明瞭に伝えた。(The announcer conveyed the news clearly.)

In everyday conversation, using 明瞭に might sound slightly stiff or overly formal unless you are discussing a specific problem, such as a radio signal being 'distinct' or a witness's testimony being 'clear'. It is particularly useful in the phrase meiryō-kaikatsu (明瞭快活), which describes a person who is articulate, bright, and cheerful. Understanding this word helps intermediate learners bridge the gap between 'survival Japanese' and 'professional Japanese'. It shows that you are not just communicating, but doing so with a high degree of intentionality and precision. When you see this word in a text, look for the surrounding context to see if it refers to sound (articulation), sight (resolution), or thought (logic).

その図面は、建物の構造を明瞭に示している。(The blueprint clearly shows the structure of the building.)

Furthermore, 明瞭に is often paired with verbs like noberu (to state), shimesu (to show), and kikitoru (to hear/catch). In technical fields, it might describe a signal-to-noise ratio where the primary signal is 'distinctly' audible. In psychology or linguistics, it might describe the 'clarity' of a child's speech development. By mastering this adverb, you gain the ability to describe the quality of information transmission with nuance. It is not just about 'being clear'; it is about being 'unmistakably distinct'.

Register Comparison: While 'hakkiri' is used for 'seeing a mountain clearly' or 'saying no clearly', 'meiryō ni' is used for 'articulating a philosophy clearly' or 'resolving a satellite image clearly'.

彼は自分の意図を明瞭に説明した。(He explained his intentions clearly.)

Using 明瞭に (meiryō ni) correctly requires an understanding of its adverbial function. It typically modifies verbs that involve communication, perception, or logical presentation. Because it is derived from a na-adjective (明瞭な), the addition of 'ni' allows it to function as a manner adverb. In a sentence, it often appears before the verb it modifies, though it can be moved for emphasis. For example, in the sentence 'Please speak clearly,' you would say Meiryō ni hanashite kudasai. This sounds more formal and polite than Hakkiri hanashite, making it suitable for a student speaking to a teacher or an employee to a manager.

Common Verb Pairings: Pair it with verbs like 述べる (noberu - to state), 記載する (kisai suru - to record/write down), 発音する (hatsuon suru - to pronounce), and 区分する (kubun suru - to classify).

契約書には、支払条件が明瞭に記載されている。(The payment terms are clearly stated in the contract.)

When describing visual clarity, 明瞭に is used for things like photographs, monitors, or maps. If you are adjusting a microscope and the cells finally come into focus, you might say they are seen meiryō ni. This implies a technical or scientific level of detail. In contrast, if you are just looking at a beautiful view, you'd likely use kirei ni or hakkiri. The choice of 明瞭に suggests that the clarity is functional—it allows for analysis or identification.

最新の望遠鏡を使えば、遠くの銀河を明瞭に観測できる。(Using the latest telescope, you can clearly observe distant galaxies.)

In the realm of logic and debate, 明瞭に is used to describe the structure of an argument. If a philosopher defines their terms meiryō ni, they are leaving no room for equivocation. This usage is common in academic writing (Ronbun). It signals to the reader that the author is being rigorous. For example, 'The author clearly distinguishes between these two concepts' would be Hissha wa korera no futatsu no gainen o meiryō ni kubun shite iru. This level of precision is a hallmark of B1 and B2 level Japanese proficiency.

彼はその問題の核心を明瞭に指摘した。(He clearly pointed out the core of the problem.)

Sentence Structure: [Subject] + [Object] + [明瞭に] + [Verb]. Example: 彼は (He) 理論を (theory) 明瞭に (clearly) 説明した (explained).

モニターの解像度を上げると、文字がより明瞭に見える。(Increasing the monitor resolution makes the text look clearer.)

You are most likely to encounter 明瞭に (meiryō ni) in environments where information accuracy is the top priority. One of the most common places is in the Japanese news. NHK announcers are trained to speak meiryō ni so that every listener, including the elderly and non-native speakers, can understand the broadcast without effort. In this context, it refers to perfect articulation and a steady pace. If you watch a documentary, the narrator will often use this word to describe scientific phenomena or historical facts that have been 'clearly' established through evidence.

In the Office: During a 'kaigi' (meeting), a chairperson might ask a participant to state their opinion 'meiryō ni' if their previous statement was vague. It’s a polite way to say 'be more specific and clear'.

会議の議事録には、決定事項を明瞭に残すべきだ。(In the meeting minutes, decisions should be left clearly recorded.)

Another frequent setting is in educational environments. Professors in universities use 明瞭に when explaining complex theories or when grading students' papers. A comment like 'Your argument is stated clearly' (Ronten ga meiryō ni noberarete iru) is high praise in a Japanese academic setting. It suggests not just grammatical correctness, but intellectual lucidity. You will also see it in textbooks, particularly in the instructions: 'Please answer the following questions clearly' (Tsugi no shitsumon ni meiryō ni kotaenasai).

先生は複雑な数学の公式を明瞭に解説してくれた。(The teacher clearly explained the complex mathematical formula.)

In the tech world, 明瞭に appears in product reviews and specifications. A reviewer comparing two cameras might say that one captures details more meiryō ni than the other. Similarly, in audio engineering, a 'meiryō' sound is one where the vocals are distinct from the background music. If you are into photography or videography in Japan, this is a keyword you will see in every manual. It describes the 'sharpness' and 'definition' of the output.

このスピーカーは、高音域を非常に明瞭に再生する。(This speaker reproduces high frequencies very clearly.)

Legal and Official Documents: In laws and regulations, the scope of a rule must be 'meiryō ni' defined to ensure fair enforcement. Vague language is the enemy of 'meiryō'.

法律の条文は、誰にでも明瞭に理解できるものであるべきだ。(The text of the law should be clearly understandable to everyone.)

One of the most common mistakes learners make with 明瞭に (meiryō ni) is using it in overly casual situations. Because it is a formal word (Kango), using it while hanging out with friends can sound robotic or unintentionally sarcastic. For example, if a friend tells a joke and you didn't hear it, saying Meiryō ni itte (Say it clearly) sounds like you are a police officer or a strict teacher. In that case, Hakkiri itte or Mou ichido itte is much more natural. Save 明瞭に for situations where 'clarity' is an objective standard rather than just a personal preference.

Confusion with 'Meikaku ni': People often confuse 'meiryō ni' (clearly/distinctly) with 'meikaku ni' (clearly/precisely). While they overlap, 'meikaku' focuses more on 'accuracy' and 'lack of error', whereas 'meiryō' focuses on 'visibility' and 'ease of understanding'.

❌ 友達と明瞭に話す。(Too formal for friends.)
✅ 友達とはっきりと話す。(Natural.)

Another mistake is forgetting the 'ni' when using it as an adverb. Since the root is a na-adjective, you cannot just say Meiryō hanasu. You must include the particle 'ni'. Additionally, learners sometimes use it to describe weather, like 'The sky is clear'. While the sky can be harete iru or toumei, 明瞭に is not used for weather unless you are talking about the visibility of a specific landmark through the fog in a technical report.

❌ 今日は空が明瞭に晴れている。(Incorrect usage for weather.)
✅ 今日は空がすっきりと晴れている。(Correct.)

Finally, avoid using 明瞭に to describe feelings or emotions unless you are analyzing them clinically. If you say 'I clearly love her' using meiryō ni, it sounds like you are diagnosing yourself with a feeling rather than expressing it. For emotions, hakkiri to or tsuyoku are better choices. 明瞭に is for the head, not the heart. It is about the 'clarity of the signal', not the 'intensity of the emotion'.

Collocation Error: Avoid: 'Meiryō ni taberu' (Eat clearly? Doesn't make sense). Use it only for actions that can be judged by their clarity or distinctness.

❌ 彼は彼女を明瞭に愛している。(Sounds like a clinical observation.)
✅ 彼は彼女を心から愛している。(Natural expression of love.)

Japanese has several ways to say 'clearly', and choosing the right one depends on the context and level of formality. 明瞭に (meiryō ni) is the 'distinct' choice, but let's look at its competitors. The most common is はっきりと (hakkiri to). This is the all-purpose word. You can use it for seeing, hearing, speaking, and even for things like 'saying no clearly'. It is less formal than meiryō ni and much more common in daily life. If meiryō ni is a high-definition 4K monitor, hakkiri to is just a clean, smudge-free window.

明瞭に vs はっきりと: 'Meiryō ni' implies technical or formal clarity. 'Hakkiri to' is general and can include emotional clarity or decisiveness.
明瞭に vs 明確に (meikaku ni): 'Meikaku ni' means 'precisely' or 'specifically'. Use it when you want to emphasize that there is no ambiguity in details or numbers. 'Meiryō ni' is about the ease of perceiving the information.

Another alternative is 鮮明に (senmei ni). This word specifically refers to visual vividness. You use it for memories that are 'vividly' remembered or colors that are 'vividly' bright. While meiryō ni means you can see the shapes and details clearly, senmei ni adds a layer of color and emotional impact. For example, 'I vividly remember that day' would be Ano hi no koto o senmei ni oboete iru. If you used meiryō ni there, it would sound like you have a very clear, photographic record of the events but perhaps without the emotional 'vividness'.

その景色は、今も私の記憶の中に鮮明に残っている。(That scene still remains vividly in my memory.)

In academic or logical contexts, you might see 明白に (meihaku ni). This means 'obviously' or 'evidently'. It is used when something is so clear that it cannot be denied. 'The evidence clearly shows his guilt' would use meihaku ni. While meiryō ni describes the quality of the presentation, meihaku ni describes the indisputable nature of the conclusion. Finally, 簡潔に (kanketsu ni) means 'concisely'. Often, to be 'meiryō' (clear), one must also be 'kanketsu' (concise), but they are not the same thing. You can be clear but long-winded, or concise but vague.

Summary Table: - はっきりと: General clarity.
- 明瞭に: Distinct, formal, articulate.
- 明確に: Precise, specific, accurate.
- 鮮明に: Vivid, visual, high-contrast.
- 明白に: Obvious, evident, undeniable.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The kanji 瞭 is actually quite rare in daily life except in the words 'meiryō' and 'ichimoku-ryōzen'. It is a 'Joyo' kanji (daily use) but feels very academic.

Guide de prononciation

UK /meɪ.ɾjoʊ.ni/

US /meɪ.ɾjoʊ.ni/

No lexical stress; pitch accent is typically 'Heiban' (flat) or 'Nakadaka' (middle-high) depending on the dialect, but flat is standard.

Rime avec

Kiryō (ability) Shiryō (materials) Hiryō (fertilizer) Iryō (medical care) Kōryō (spices) Jōryō (distillation) Sōryō (shipping fee) Tōryō (leader)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing 'ryo' as two syllables (ri-yo) instead of a single contracted syllable.
Shortening the long 'ō' in 'ryō'.
Using English-style heavy stress on the first syllable.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 3/5

The kanji '瞭' is slightly advanced but the word is common in media.

Écriture 4/5

Writing '瞭' correctly takes practice due to the number of strokes.

Expression orale 3/5

Pronunciation is straightforward, but choosing the right context is key.

Écoute 2/5

Commonly heard in news and announcements.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

明るい (akarui) はっきりと (hakkiri to) 説明 (setsumei) 声 (koe)

Apprends ensuite

明確に (meikaku ni) 明白に (meihaku ni) 論理的 (ronri-teki) 定義 (teigi)

Avancé

明晰 (meiseki) 判然 (hanzen) 顕著 (kencho) 端的に (tanken-teki ni)

Grammaire à connaître

Adverbial formation of Na-adjectives

明瞭な (adj) -> 明瞭に (adv)

Using 'ni' for resultative states

説明して、問題を明瞭にする (Explain and make the problem clear)

Polite requests with adverbs

明瞭に話していただけますか？ (Could you please speak clearly?)

Modifying potential verbs

明瞭に聞き取れる (Can hear clearly)

Comparison of degree

以前より明瞭に見える (Looks clearer than before)

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Exemples par niveau

先生ははっきりと（明瞭に）話します。

The teacher speaks clearly.

In A1, we use 'hakkiri' but introduce 'meiryō ni' as a formal version.

この写真はきれいです。

This photo is clear (beautiful).

A1 uses 'kirei' for clear photos.

大きい声で話してください。

Please speak in a loud voice.

Simple instruction for clarity.

よく聞こえます。

I can hear well.

Simple perception.

名前を書いてください。

Please write your name.

Basic instruction.

これは何ですか。

What is this?

Asking for clarification.

わかりました。

I understood.

Expressing understanding.

ゆっくり話してください。

Please speak slowly.

Requesting clarity through speed.

駅のアナウンスが明瞭に聞こえます。

The station announcement can be heard clearly.

Meiryō ni modifies the verb kikoeru (can hear).

彼は明瞭に答えました。

He answered clearly.

Meiryō ni shows the manner of answering.

この地図は明瞭に見えます。

This map looks clear.

Visual clarity in a formal context.

もっと明瞭に言ってください。

Please say it more clearly.

Requesting better articulation.

字を明瞭に書きましょう。

Let's write characters clearly.

Action of writing with clarity.

テレビの音が明瞭になりました。

The TV sound became clear.

Resultative use with naru.

彼女の声は明瞭で、聞きやすいです。

Her voice is clear and easy to hear.

Using the 'de' form of the na-adjective.

説明が明瞭だったので、分かりました。

The explanation was clear, so I understood.

Reasoning with 'datta node'.

プレゼンでは、自分の考えを明瞭に述べる必要があります。

In a presentation, it is necessary to state your thoughts clearly.

'Meiryō ni noberu' is a standard formal phrase.

この文書には、目的が明瞭に示されています。

The purpose is clearly shown in this document.

'Meiryō ni shimesu' (clearly show) is common in business.

彼は明瞭な発音でスピーチをしました。

He gave a speech with clear pronunciation.

Using the adjective form 'meiryō na'.

複雑な問題を、彼は明瞭に分析した。

He clearly analyzed the complex problem.

Logical clarity.

契約の条件を明瞭に確認しましょう。

Let's clearly confirm the terms of the contract.

Ensuring understanding in a professional setting.

録音された声が、以前より明瞭に再生されている。

The recorded voice is being played back more clearly than before.

Technical clarity of audio.

筆者は、自分の立場を明瞭にしています。

The author is making their position clear.

'Meiryō ni suru' (to make clear).

その区別を明瞭にすることが重要です。

It is important to make that distinction clear.

Focus on distinguishing concepts.

その画像は、細部まで明瞭に再現されている。

The image is reproduced clearly down to the finest details.

Technical reproduction of detail.

証人は、当時の状況を明瞭に証言した。

The witness testified clearly about the situation at the time.

Legal context of clarity.

二つの計画の相違点を明瞭に指摘する。

Point out the differences between the two plans clearly.

Analytical clarity.

彼は明瞭快活な性格で、誰からも好かれる。

He has an articulate and cheerful personality and is liked by everyone.

Usage of the four-character idiom 'meiryō-kaikatsu'.

報告書には、今後の課題が明瞭に記されている。

The future challenges are clearly noted in the report.

Formal recording of information.

このヘッドホンは、楽器の音を明瞭に分離して聞かせてくれる。

These headphones let you hear the sounds of the instruments clearly separated.

Acoustic separation and clarity.

政府は、新しい規制の内容を国民に明瞭に説明すべきだ。

The government should clearly explain the content of the new regulations to the citizens.

Public accountability and clarity.

データの傾向が、グラフによって明瞭になった。

The trend of the data became clear through the graph.

Clarity through visualization.

その哲学者は、存在の概念を明瞭に定義しようと試みた。

The philosopher attempted to clearly define the concept of existence.

Academic and abstract clarity.

バイリンガルの子供は、二つの言語を明瞭に使い分けることができる。

Bilingual children can clearly distinguish and use two languages.

Linguistic precision.

彼の論文は、論理構成が非常に明瞭に組み立てられている。

His thesis has a very clearly constructed logical structure.

Structural clarity in writing.

その手術の映像は、患部を明瞭に捉えていた。

The video of the surgery captured the affected area clearly.

Clinical/technical visual clarity.

外交官は、自国の意図を相手国に明瞭に伝える技術が求められる。

Diplomats are required to have the skill to clearly convey their country's intentions to the other nation.

Strategic communication clarity.

その詩人は、言葉を明瞭に紡ぎ出し、読者の心に訴えかけた。

The poet spun words clearly and appealed to the readers' hearts.

Literary clarity of expression.

最新のAIは、ノイズの多い音声から人の声を明瞭に抽出できる。

The latest AI can clearly extract human voices from noisy audio.

Technological processing clarity.

判決文は、被告の責任の所在を明瞭に断じている。

The written judgment clearly determines the location of the defendant's responsibility.

Legal determination and clarity.

その学説の脆弱性を明瞭に看破したのは、彼が最初だった。

He was the first to clearly see through the vulnerability of that theory.

High-level analytical insight.

言語の恣意性を明瞭に記述することは、言語学の核心である。

Clearly describing the arbitrariness of language is the core of linguistics.

Abstract theoretical clarity.

彼の指揮は、オーケストラの各パートの音色を明瞭に際立たせる。

His conducting clearly makes the timbre of each part of the orchestra stand out.

Artistic and auditory clarity.

この法案の曖昧さが、適用範囲を明瞭にすることを困難にしている。

The ambiguity of this bill makes it difficult to clarify the scope of its application.

Discussing the difficulty of achieving clarity.

顕微鏡の解像度を極限まで高め、分子の動きを明瞭に観察する。

Increase the resolution of the microscope to the limit to clearly observe the movement of molecules.

Scientific observation at the limits of technology.

作家は、時代の閉塞感を明瞭に描き出すことで、社会に警鐘を鳴らした。

By clearly depicting the sense of stagnation of the era, the author sounded an alarm to society.

Socio-literary depiction.

その数学的証明は、一分の隙もなく明瞭に展開されていた。

The mathematical proof was clearly developed without a single flaw.

Perfect logical clarity.

通信環境の改善により、遠隔地との意思疎通がより明瞭に行えるようになった。

Due to improvements in the communication environment, mutual understanding with remote locations can be carried out more clearly.

Systemic communication clarity.

Collocations courantes

明瞭に話す

明瞭に述べる

明瞭に聞き取る

明瞭に区分する

明瞭に示す

明瞭に記載する

明瞭に見える

明瞭に再現する

明瞭に意識する

明瞭に定義する

Phrases Courantes

明瞭快活

— Articulate, bright, and cheerful personality.

彼は明瞭快活な青年だ。

意識が明瞭

— Being fully conscious and alert (medical context).

患者の意識は明瞭です。

意味明瞭

— The meaning is clear and easy to understand.

この文章は意味明瞭で読みやすい。

論旨明瞭

— The point of the argument is clear.

彼の論文は論旨明瞭だ。

発音明瞭

— Clear pronunciation.

彼女は発音明瞭で聞き取りやすい。

色彩明瞭

— Clear and distinct colors.

色彩明瞭な絵画。

判然としない

— Not clearly distinguishable (often used in negative).

原因が明瞭（判然）としない。

明快に

— Clearly and pleasantly (similar to meiryō).

疑問に明快に答える。

解像度が高い

— High resolution (often leads to meiryō visuals).

解像度が高く、画像が明瞭だ。

歯切れが良い

— Crisp and clear speech/writing.

彼の話し方は歯切れが良く明瞭だ。

Souvent confondu avec

明瞭に vs 明確に

Meikaku focuses on precision and lack of error, while Meiryō focuses on visibility and distinctness.

明瞭に vs 鮮明に

Senmei focuses on vividness and high contrast, usually for images or memories.

明瞭に vs はっきりと

Hakkiri is the casual, everyday version of meiryō.

Expressions idiomatiques

"明瞭簡潔"

— Clear and concise; the ideal for business writing.

報告は明瞭簡潔に行うこと。

Professional

"一目瞭然"

— So clear that it is obvious at a single glance.

どちらが勝ったかは一目瞭然だ。

General

"立て板に水"

— Speaking fluently and clearly without stopping.

彼は立て板に水のように明瞭に話す。

Literary

"明鏡止水"

— A mind as clear as a polished mirror and still water.

明鏡止水の心境で明瞭に判断する。

Formal/Zen

"白日の下にさらす"

— To bring something clearly into the light of day (expose).

真実を白日の下に明瞭にさらす。

Literary

"雲散霧消"

— Disappearing like clouds and mist (clarity returning).

疑念が雲散霧消し、事実が明瞭になった。

Literary

"眼光紙背に徹する"

— Reading so clearly that you see through the paper (deep understanding).

彼は文章を明瞭に、かつ眼光紙背に徹して読んだ。

Academic

"理路整然"

— Logical and orderly (often paired with meiryō).

彼の説明は理路整然としていて明瞭だ。

Formal

"明晰判明"

— Clear and distinct (Descartes' term used in philosophy).

その概念は明晰判明に捉えられるべきだ。

Academic

"単刀直入"

— Getting straight to the point clearly.

単刀直入に、かつ明瞭に用件を伝えた。

General

Facile à confondre

明瞭に vs 明確に

Both mean 'clearly'.

Meikaku is about 'precision' (e.g., clear goals). Meiryō is about 'distinctness' (e.g., clear voice).

目標を明確にする vs 声を明瞭に出す。

明瞭に vs 鮮明に

Both relate to visual clarity.

Senmei is 'vivid' (bright colors). Meiryō is 'distinct' (sharp lines).

記憶が鮮明だ vs 輪郭が明瞭だ。

明瞭に vs 明白に

Both mean 'clearly'.

Meihaku means 'obviously' or 'evidently' (undeniable facts).

事実を明白にする。

明瞭に vs 簡潔に

Both are desired in communication.

Kanketsu means 'brief/concise'. Meiryō means 'clear/distinct'.

簡潔に、かつ明瞭に話す。

明瞭に vs 判然と

Both mean 'distinctly'.

Hanzen is often used in negative sentences (hanzen to shinai - not clear).

違いが判然としない。

Structures de phrases

[Noun] が明瞭に見えます。

山が明瞭に見えます。

[Noun] を明瞭に説明する。

計画を明瞭に説明する。

[Noun] は明瞭な [Noun] です。

これは明瞭な証拠です。

[Noun] を明瞭に区分すべきだ。

公私を明瞭に区分すべきだ。

[Noun] が明瞭になった。

原因が明瞭になった。

[Noun] を明瞭に定義することが不可欠だ。

概念を明瞭に定義することが不可欠だ。

[Noun] は非常に明瞭に組み立てられている。

論理が非常に明瞭に組み立てられている。

[Noun] の [Noun] を明瞭に看破する。

学説の矛盾を明瞭に看破する。

Famille de mots

Noms

明瞭 (Clarity)

不明瞭 (Unclarity)

語音明瞭度 (Speech intelligibility)

Verbes

明瞭にする (To clarify/make distinct)

Adjectifs

明瞭な (Clear/Distinct)

不明瞭な (Vague/Blurry)

Apparenté

明白 (Obvious)

明確 (Precise)

明快 (Lucid)

判然 (Distinct)

鮮明 (Vivid)

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Common in media, business, and education; rare in casual speech.

Erreurs courantes

Using 'meiryō ni' for 'honestly'. → 正直に (shoujiki ni)
'Meiryō' is about clarity, not truthfulness or honesty in a moral sense.
Using it to describe a clear sky. → 晴れている (harete iru)
'Meiryō' is not a weather term. It describes the quality of information or perception.
Omitting the 'ni' particle. → 明瞭に話す
As a na-adjective derivative, it requires 'ni' to function as an adverb.
Using it in casual slang. → はっきり言って (hakkiri itte)
It is too formal for casual street talk and sounds out of place.
Confusing it with 'meikaku' in math. → 明確な答え (meikaku na kotae)
For 'precise' or 'exact' answers, 'meikaku' is better. 'Meiryō' is for how the answer is presented.

Astuces

Kanji Focus

Focus on the 'eye' radical in 瞭. It helps you remember that this word is about how things look or are perceived.

Articulation

When you use this word, try to speak 'meiryō ni' yourself! It reinforces the meaning.

Context Clues

If you see 'meiryō ni', look for verbs like 'state', 'show', or 'hear' nearby.

Professionalism

Use this word in business emails to show you are serious about clear communication.

News Practice

Listen to NHK News; they use this word frequently when describing reports or evidence.

Adverb Rule

Always remember the 'ni' particle. 'Meiryō hanasu' is incorrect.

Synonym Swap

Try replacing 'hakkiri' with 'meiryō ni' in your formal writing practice to see how it changes the tone.

Social Cues

Notice how Japanese people value 'meiryō' in public service announcements.

Digital Terms

Look for this word on your camera or monitor settings if you set the language to Japanese.

Sun and Eye

Remember: Sun (明) + Eye (瞭) = Clear Vision!

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

'Mei' is like the 'May' sun, and 'Ryō' is like a 'Radio' signal. When the sun is out, the radio signal comes through 'Meiryō ni' (clearly)!

Association visuelle

Imagine a high-definition 4K screen compared to an old fuzzy TV. The 4K screen shows the image 'meiryō ni'.

Word Web

Clear Voice Sharp Image Logical Argument Distinct Sound Crisp Writing High Resolution Articulate Speech Unambiguous Law

Défi

Try to describe your favorite movie's plot in Japanese using 'meiryō ni' to describe how the director shows the main theme.

Origine du mot

Sino-Japanese (Kango). 'Mei' (明) comes from the combination of sun and moon, meaning light. 'Ryō' (瞭) consists of the eye radical and a phonetic part meaning 'far/clear'.

Sens originel : To see clearly from a distance; having clear vision.

Japonic (Sino-Japanese vocabulary).

Contexte culturel

None. It is a neutral, positive word.

In English, we might use 'distinctly' or 'articulately' where Japanese uses 'meiryō ni'.

NHK Announcer guidelines (emphasizing meiryō speech) Descartes' 'Meditations' (translated using meiryō/meiseki) Technical manuals for Sony/Panasonic (using meiryō for audio/video)

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Public Speaking

明瞭に話す
明瞭な発音
聴衆に明瞭に伝える

Academic Writing

明瞭に定義する
論旨を明瞭にする
差異を明瞭に示す

Technology/Media

画像が明瞭だ
音声を明瞭に再生する
解像度と明瞭度

Business/Legal

契約内容を明瞭に記載する
意図を明瞭に伝える
責任を明瞭にする

Medical/Psychology

意識が明瞭である
記憶が明瞭に残っている
症状を明瞭に説明する

Amorces de conversation

"プレゼンで明瞭に話すコツは何だと思いますか？ (What do you think is the trick to speaking clearly in a presentation?)"

"最近のテレビの画像は、本当に明瞭ですね。 (Recent TV images are really clear, aren't they?)"

"その説明は、私にはあまり明瞭ではありませんでした。 (That explanation wasn't very clear to me.)"

"どうすれば自分の意見をより明瞭に伝えられるでしょうか？ (How can I convey my opinion more clearly?)"

"この地図は細部まで明瞭に描かれていますね。 (This map is drawn clearly down to the details, isn't it?)"

Sujets d'écriture

今日、誰かの説明が非常に明瞭だと思ったことはありますか？ (Was there a time today when you thought someone's explanation was very clear?)

自分の目標を明瞭に書き出してみましょう。 (Try writing out your goals clearly.)

子供の頃の記憶で、今も明瞭に残っているものは何ですか？ (What is a childhood memory that still remains clear today?)

明瞭なコミュニケーションを阻害するものは何だと思いますか？ (What do you think hinders clear communication?)

将来、どのようなことを明瞭に学びたいですか？ (What kind of things do you want to learn clearly in the future?)

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

Generally, no. For clear weather, use 'harete iru' or 'kaisei'. 'Meiryō ni' is for information or perception clarity.

It sounds a bit too formal. Use 'hakkiri' instead unless you are being intentionally stiff or funny.

'Meiryō' is about how something is perceived (sound/sight). 'Meikaku' is about the accuracy of the content.

It has the 'eye' radical (目) on the left and 'ryō' (white/bright) on the right. It has 17 strokes.

It is a na-adjective (meiryō na) and a noun (meiryō). Adding 'ni' makes it an adverb.

Yes, in the phrase 'meiryō-kaikatsu' to mean they are articulate and bright.

Yes, 'ishiki meiryō' (conscious and alert) is a standard medical term.

Not exactly. It means 'distinct'. A whisper can be 'meiryō' if you can hear every word perfectly.

Yes, you can say 'the photo became meiryō' after fixing the focus.

Yes, it often appears in N2 and N1 level reading and listening sections.

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