反発 en 30 secondes
- Interpersonal opposition or rebellion.
- Public backlash against policies.
- Physical repulsion (e.g., magnets).
- Financial market rebound or rally.
The Japanese word 反発 (hanpatsu) is a versatile noun and suru-verb that primarily denotes a reaction of resistance, opposition, or pushing back against an idea, authority, or physical force. Understanding its nuances is crucial for mastering Japanese communication, especially in contexts involving interpersonal conflicts, societal reactions, physical sciences, and economic markets. The kanji 反 (han) means 'anti' or 'opposite', while 発 (patsu/hatsu) means 'emit' or 'discharge'. Together, they literally translate to 'emitting opposition' or 'springing back'.
- Interpersonal Opposition
- When someone pushes back against a rule or suggestion, showing emotional or verbal resistance.
彼の意見に反発した。
In a physical sense, it describes the repulsion between two magnets or the elasticity of a material bouncing back. In finance, it describes a market rally after a period of decline.
- Physical Repulsion
- The force that pushes two identical magnetic poles apart.
磁石が反発し合う。
The societal usage often appears in news reports detailing public backlash against government policies or corporate decisions. This makes it a high-frequency word in journalism.
- Market Rebound
- A sudden increase in stock prices after a downward trend.
株価が反発に転じた。
市民の反発を買う。
親への反発から家を出た。
Mastering hanpatsu allows learners to articulate complex dynamics of push-and-pull in both abstract and concrete scenarios. It is a word that bridges the gap between basic emotional expressions and advanced academic or professional discourse.
Using 反発 (hanpatsu) correctly requires understanding its common collocations and grammatical structures. As a noun, it often pairs with verbs like 買う (kau - to buy/incur), 招く (maneku - to invite/cause), and 強まる (tsuyomaru - to strengthen). As a suru-verb (反発する), it takes the particle に (ni) to indicate the object of opposition.
- Using with 買う (kau)
- 反発を買う means to incur backlash or provoke opposition.
その発言は大きな反発を買った。
When expressing the intensity of the opposition, adverbs like 強く (tsuyoku - strongly) or 激しく (hageshiku - fiercely) are frequently used. For example, 強く反発する (tsuyoku hanpatsu suru) means to strongly oppose or rebel against.
- Using as a Suru-Verb
- Attach する to make it an action verb meaning 'to oppose' or 'to rebel'.
若者は古い規則に反発する。
In economic contexts, hanpatsu is used intransitively to describe the market's behavior. You will often hear phrases like 反発に転じる (hanpatsu ni tenjiru - to turn to a rebound) or 小反発 (shou-hanpatsu - a small rebound).
- Economic Usage
- Used to describe stock prices bouncing back.
日経平均は小幅に反発した。
政府の決定に反発の声が上がっている。
反発力のある素材を使用しています。
By memorizing these patterns, learners can confidently deploy hanpatsu in daily conversations, business meetings, and academic writing, ensuring their Japanese sounds natural and precise.
The word 反発 (hanpatsu) is ubiquitous in Japanese media, daily conversation, and specialized fields. Its broad semantic range means you will encounter it in diverse environments, from casual chats about family dynamics to formal news broadcasts about international relations.
- News and Politics
- Frequently used to describe public backlash against new laws or political scandals.
増税案は国民の強い反発を招いた。
In the realm of psychology and family counseling, hanpatsu is the go-to term for describing a child's rebellion against their parents, often referred to as 反抗期 (hankouki - rebellious phase) behavior, but the action itself is hanpatsu.
- Family Dynamics
- Describes the pushback teenagers give to their parents' rules.
思春期の子供は親に反発しやすい。
Sports and material sciences also utilize this term. When discussing running shoes, the 'bounce' or 'energy return' is called 反発力 (hanpatsuryoku). A shoe with high hanpatsuryoku helps runners spring forward.
- Sports and Materials
- Refers to the elasticity or bounce of a surface or material.
この靴は反発性が高い。
市場は昨日の下落から反発して始まった。
二つの磁石が反発する力を利用する。
Whether you are reading the Nikkei newspaper, watching a sports review, or discussing teenage angst, hanpatsu is a core vocabulary item that provides critical context to the narrative of resistance and rebound.
While 反発 (hanpatsu) is highly useful, learners often make mistakes regarding its particle usage, collocations, and nuanced differences from similar words like 反対 (hantai - opposition) or 抵抗 (teikou - resistance). Understanding these pitfalls is key to achieving fluency.
- Particle Errors
- Using を (wo) instead of に (ni) when indicating the target of opposition.
❌ 規則を反発する。 ⭕ 規則に反発する。
Another common error is confusing hanpatsu with hantai. Hantai is a logical or stated disagreement, whereas hanpatsu carries an emotional, reactive, or physical weight. You can calmly be 'hantai' to a plan, but if you are 'hanpatsu', you are actively and emotionally pushing back.
- Hanpatsu vs. Hantai
- Hantai is logical disagreement; Hanpatsu is emotional or physical pushback.
彼は冷静に反対したが、心の中では反発していた。
Learners also misuse the phrase 'to cause backlash'. Direct translation might lead to 反発を作る (hanpatsu o tsukuru), which is unnatural. The correct idiom is 反発を買う (hanpatsu o kau - to buy backlash) or 反発を招く (hanpatsu o maneku - to invite backlash).
- Collocation Mistakes
- Using incorrect verbs with hanpatsu as a noun.
❌ 反発を起こす。 ⭕ 反発を招く。
❌ 反発が落ちる。 ⭕ 反発が収まる。
❌ 強い反発だ。 ⭕ 強い反発がある。
By paying attention to these specific nuances, learners can avoid awkward phrasing and express complex emotional and physical reactions with native-like accuracy.
To fully grasp 反発 (hanpatsu), it is helpful to compare it with its synonyms. Japanese has a rich vocabulary for expressing opposition, resistance, and rebounding, each with its own specific shade of meaning. The most common synonyms include 反対 (hantai), 抵抗 (teikou), 反抗 (hankou), and 反動 (handou).
- 反対 (Hantai - Opposition)
- The most general word for disagreeing or being opposite.
その計画には反対だが、反発はしない。
抵抗 (teikou) means resistance. It is often used in physical contexts (like air resistance) or psychological reluctance. While hanpatsu implies a forceful push back, teikou can be a passive refusal to move forward.
- 抵抗 (Teikou - Resistance)
- Can be passive or active, often implying holding one's ground.
変化に対する抵抗感と反発。
反抗 (hankou) is rebellion or defiance, specifically against authority figures like parents, teachers, or the government. It is very close to the interpersonal meaning of hanpatsu, but hanpatsu has the added physical and economic meanings.
- 反抗 (Hankou - Rebellion)
- Strictly interpersonal defiance against authority.
親への反抗心から反発的な態度をとる。
株価の反動と反発。
物理的な摩擦と反発。
Understanding these distinctions allows you to choose the exact right word for the situation, elevating your Japanese from functional to highly expressive and precise.
How Formal Is It?
Niveau de difficulté
Grammaire à connaître
Particle に (ni) for targets of action: [Target] に反発する.
Noun + を + Verb idioms: 反発を買う (to incur backlash).
Compound nouns: 反発 + 力 = 反発力 (repulsive force).
Passive voice: 反発される (to be opposed).
Causative: 反発させる (to make someone rebel).
Exemples par niveau
私はそれに反発します。
I push back against that.
Verb form: 反発します (hanpatsu shimasu).
反発しないでください。
Please do not rebel.
Negative request: 反発しないで (hanpatsu shinaide).
彼は反発した。
He opposed.
Past tense: 反発した (hanpatsu shita).
反発があります。
There is opposition.
Noun usage with あります (arimasu).
強い反発です。
It is a strong pushback.
Adjective modifying noun: 強い反発 (tsuyoi hanpatsu).
反発を感じます。
I feel resistance.
Using 感じる (kanjiru - to feel).
みんなが反発する。
Everyone rebels.
Subject marker が (ga).
反発はよくない。
Rebellion is not good.
Topic marker は (wa).
親に反発して家を出た。
I rebelled against my parents and left home.
Particle に (ni) for the target of rebellion.
そのルールに反発する生徒が多い。
Many students oppose that rule.
Modifying a noun: 反発する生徒 (hanpatsu suru seito).
彼の言い方に反発を覚えた。
I felt resistance to his way of speaking.
Idiom: 反発を覚える (hanpatsu o oboeru - to feel resistance).
磁石のN極とN極は反発する。
The N poles of magnets repel each other.
Physical meaning: repel.
反発を買うようなことは言わないで。
Don't say things that will invite backlash.
Idiom: 反発を買う (hanpatsu o kau).
彼女はいつも私に反発する。
She always pushes back against me.
Adverb いつも (itsumo - always).
少し反発しただけです。
I just pushed back a little.
Adverb 少し (sukoshi - a little).
反発する気持ちはわかります。
I understand the feeling of wanting to rebel.
Noun phrase: 反発する気持ち (hanpatsu suru kimochi).
政府の新しい方針は、国民の強い反発を招いた。
The government's new policy invited strong backlash from the citizens.
Idiom: 反発を招く (hanpatsu o maneku).
周囲の反発を押し切って、彼は起業した。
Overcoming the opposition of those around him, he started a business.
Verb 押し切る (oshikiru - to overcome/push through).
この素材は反発力が高いので、スポーツシューズに向いている。
This material has high resilience, so it is suitable for sports shoes.
Compound noun: 反発力 (hanpatsuryoku - resilience/repulsive force).
株価は昨日の大幅下落から一転して反発した。
The stock price turned around and rebounded from yesterday's sharp drop.
Economic usage: rebound.
一方的な命令には反発せざるを得ない。
I cannot help but oppose a one-sided order.
Grammar: ～ざるを得ない (cannot help but).
彼らの反発は予想以上に激しかった。
Their backlash was fiercer than expected.
Comparison: 予想以上に (yosou ijou ni - more than expected).
反発を恐れて意見を言わないのは良くない。
It is not good to withhold your opinion out of fear of backlash.
Verb 恐れる (osoreru - to fear).
若者の反発は社会を変える原動力になる。
The rebellion of the youth becomes the driving force to change society.
Noun 原動力 (gendouryoku - driving force).
増税案に対する世論の反発が強まっている。
Public opposition to the tax increase proposal is strengthening.
Verb 強まる (tsuyomaru - to strengthen).
市場は好材料に反応し、日経平均は小反発して取引を終えた。
The market reacted to positive news, and the Nikkei average closed with a small rebound.
Compound: 小反発 (shou-hanpatsu - small rebound).
物理学において、同種の電荷は互いに反発し合う。
In physics, like charges repel each other.
Reciprocal verb: 反発し合う (hanpatsu shiau - repel each other).
経営陣のトップダウンの決定が、現場の猛反発を引き起こした。
The top-down decision by management caused fierce backlash from the frontline workers.
Compound: 猛反発 (mou-hanpatsu - fierce backlash).
彼女の行動は、伝統的な価値観への反発から生じている。
Her actions stem from a rebellion against traditional values.
Structure: ～への反発から (out of rebellion against ~).
反発係数を計算することで、ボールの跳ね返り具合がわかる。
By calculating the coefficient of restitution, you can understand how the ball will bounce.
Technical term: 反発係数 (hanpatsu keisuu).
その法案は野党の強い反発に遭い、廃案となった。
The bill met with strong opposition from the opposition parties and was scrapped.
Verb 遭う (au - to encounter/meet with).
感情的な反発を抑え、建設的な議論をすべきだ。
We should suppress emotional pushback and have a constructive discussion.
Verb 抑える (osaeru - to suppress).
既得権益層からの必至の反発をどう抑え込むかが、改革の鍵となる。
How to suppress the inevitable backlash from vested interests will be the key to the reform.
Advanced vocabulary: 既得権益層 (kitokuken'ekisou - vested interests).
自律反発を狙った買いが入り、相場は一時的に持ち直した。
Buying aimed at an autonomous rebound came in, and the market temporarily recovered.
Financial jargon: 自律反発 (jiritsu hanpatsu - autonomous/technical rebound).
彼の芸術は、商業主義に対する痛烈な反発の表れである。
His art is a manifestation of a scathing rebellion against commercialism.
Adjective: 痛烈な (tsuuretsu na - scathing/bitter).
分子間の反発力が引力を上回る臨界点を観測した。
We observed the critical point where intermolecular repulsive forces exceed attractive forces.
Scientific context: 引力 (inryoku - attractive force).
強権的な手法は、かえって民衆の反発を煽る結果となった。
The authoritarian approach ended up fueling the populace's backlash instead.
Verb 煽る (aoru - to fuel/incite).
反発を恐れるあまり、無難な意見に終始してしまった。
Out of too much fear of backlash, I ended up sticking to safe opinions from start to finish.
Grammar: ～あまり (out of too much ~).
その声明は、国際社会の反発を和らげるための苦肉の策だった。
That statement was a desperate measure to soften the backlash from the international community.
Idiom: 苦肉の策 (kuniku no saku - desperate measure).
歴史は、抑圧とそれに対する反発の連続であると言える。
It can be said that history is a continuous series of oppression and the rebellion against it.
Abstract concept: 抑圧 (yokuatsu - oppression).
地政学的リスクの顕在化により、急落していた原油相場が自律反発の局面に移行した。
Due to the materialization of geopolitical risks, the plummeting crude oil market has transitioned into a phase of technical rebound.
Highly formal financial/news register.
体制への反発を内包したその文学作品は、発禁処分という憂き目に遭った。
That literary work, which contained an implicit rebellion against the regime, met the unfortunate fate of being banned.
Literary vocabulary: 内包する (naihou suru - to contain/imply).
微視的スケールにおけるパウリの排他原理に起因する反発力が、物質の体積を支えている。
The repulsive force originating from Pauli's exclusion principle on a microscopic scale supports the volume of matter.
Advanced physics terminology.
ポピュリズムの台頭は、グローバリズムの恩恵から取り残された層のルサンチマンと反発の結実である。
The rise of populism is the fruition of the resentment and backlash of the demographic left behind by the benefits of globalism.
Sociological analysis.
強硬な同化政策は、マイノリティのアイデンティティを脅かし、抜き差しならない反発を醸成した。
The hardline assimilation policy threatened the identity of the minority and fostered an inescapable backlash.
Idiom: 抜き差しならない (nukisashinaranai - inescapable/serious).
市場のセンチメントが極端な悲観に傾いた反動として、ショートカバーを伴う強烈な反発が見られた。
As a reaction to market sentiment tilting toward extreme pessimism, a fierce rebound accompanied by short covering was observed.
Market mechanics jargon.
彼の言説は、権威主義への反発を装いながら、実のところ新たな権威の構築を目論むものであった。
His discourse, while masquerading as a rebellion against authoritarianism, was in fact scheming to construct a new authority.
Complex analytical sentence structure.
反発係数が極めて1に近い完全弾性衝突のモデルを用いて、気体分子運動論を展開する。
We develop the kinetic theory of gases using a model of perfectly elastic collisions where the coefficient of restitution is extremely close to 1.
Academic scientific register.
Collocations courantes
Phrases Courantes
Souvent confondu avec
Expressions idiomatiques
Facile à confondre
Structures de phrases
Comment l'utiliser
Hanpatsu is inherently reactive. It implies a force pushing back against an initial action. You cannot have hanpatsu in a vacuum.
While formal enough for news, it is perfectly natural in casual speech when discussing feelings of resistance.
- Using を (wo) instead of に (ni) with the verb form (e.g., ❌ 意見を反発する ⭕ 意見に反発する).
- Confusing 反発 (emotional pushback) with 反対 (logical disagreement).
- Saying 反発を作る (make backlash) instead of the natural idiom 反発を買う / 招く (buy/invite backlash).
- Using 反発 for a deliberate counterattack in a game or war (that should be 反撃 - hangeki).
- Forgetting that in financial contexts, 反発 means the price is going UP (rebounding), not down.
Astuces
Particle Mastery
Always pair 反発する with the particle に (ni). Think of the 'ni' as the wall you are pushing against. 意見に反発する (push against the opinion).
Idiom Alert
Memorize 反発を買う (hanpatsu o kau). It translates to 'incur backlash'. It is the most natural way to describe causing a negative reaction.
Emotion vs Logic
Use 反対 (hantai) when you disagree logically. Use 反発 (hanpatsu) when you disagree emotionally and feel the need to push back.
Financial News
If you read the Nikkei, look for 反発. It means the market is recovering. It's a positive word in this specific context!
Physics Class
In science, hanpatsu is the exact translation for magnetic repulsion. N極とN極は反発する (N poles repel).
Sports Gear
When shopping for running shoes in Japan, ask for 反発力 (hanpatsuryoku) if you want a bouncy, energy-returning sole.
Kanji Breakdown
反 (anti) + 発 (emit). You are emitting an anti-force. This literal translation helps remember all its diverse meanings.
Softening Disagreement
If you want to disagree without sounding aggressive, say '反発するつもりはありませんが…' (I don't mean to push back, but...).
News Keywords
When listening to NHK, if you hear '国民の反発' (kokumin no hanpatsu), the government has done something unpopular.
Essay Structure
In essays, you can structure an argument by stating a policy, describing the '反発' it caused, and then proposing a solution to '反発を和らげる' (soften the backlash).
Mémorise-le
Moyen mnémotechnique
Imagine HAN (Han Solo) PATting SUe on the back, but she pushes him away in OPPOSITION.
Origine du mot
Sino-Japanese (Kango)
Contexte culturel
Implies a reactive force. You don't usually initiate hanpatsu out of nowhere; it is a response to an external pressure, rule, or action.
Neutral, but describes a negative or aggressive action. Using it to describe your own actions towards a superior (e.g., 社長に反発しました) sounds defiant and unapologetic.
Pratique dans la vie réelle
Contextes réels
Amorces de conversation
"最近、何か反発を感じたルールはありますか？ (Have you felt resistance to any rules recently?)"
"思春期の頃、親に反発しましたか？ (Did you rebel against your parents during puberty?)"
"今日の株価の反発についてどう思いますか？ (What do you think about today's stock market rebound?)"
"なぜその決定はそんなに反発を買ったのでしょうか？ (Why did that decision incur so much backlash?)"
"反発力の高い靴と低い靴、どちらが好きですか？ (Do you prefer shoes with high or low resilience?)"
Sujets d'écriture
Write about a time you strongly opposed (反発した) a decision made by an authority figure.
Describe a recent news event where the public showed strong backlash (強い反発).
Explain the concept of hanpatsu in physics using simple Japanese.
Reflect on why it is difficult to express opposition (反発) in a group setting.
Analyze a financial chart and describe the market's rebound (反発) using appropriate terminology.
Questions fréquentes
10 questionsNo, 反発 implies a strong, often emotional or energetic pushback. For a calm disagreement, use 反対 (hantai) or 異議 (igi). Using 反発 makes it sound like there is tension or friction.
Not necessarily. While it often describes negative backlash, it is also used neutrally in physics (repulsion) and positively in economics (market rebound). Even in social contexts, 'hanpatsu' against an unjust law can be seen as positive.
反発 (hanpatsu) is the most common and natural translation for 'backlash'. You can use phrases like 強い反発 (tsuyoi hanpatsu - strong backlash) or 反発を買う (hanpatsu o kau - to incur backlash).
In Japanese, 買う (kau) is used idiomatically to mean 'to bring upon oneself' or 'to incur' something negative, usually as a result of one's own actions. You 'buy' the resentment or backlash with your bad behavior.
反抗 (hankou) is strictly used for people rebelling against authority (like parents or teachers). 反発 (hanpatsu) can be used for that, but also for physical objects repelling, markets rebounding, and general societal backlash.
Not directly. You must use it as a noun modifying another noun with の (e.g., 反発の声 - voices of opposition) or as a verb modifying a noun (e.g., 反発する人 - people who oppose). There is also the adjective 反発的な (hanpatsuteki na - rebellious).
In the context of sports and materials, 反発力 (hanpatsuryoku) refers to resilience, bounce, or energy return. High hanpatsuryoku means the shoe springs back quickly, helping you run faster.
It means 'rebound' or 'rally'. If a stock price has been going down and suddenly starts going up, that upward movement is called 反発 (hanpatsu).
Use に (ni) to indicate the target of the opposition. For example, ルールに反発する (ruuru ni hanpatsu suru - to rebel against the rule).
It is a standard vocabulary word suitable for both formal news reports and casual conversations. Its level of formality depends on the surrounding grammar (e.g., 反発した vs. 反発いたしました).
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Summary
反発 (hanpatsu) is a dynamic word representing a 'push back' in various contexts: emotionally rebelling against authority, physically repelling like magnets, or economically bouncing back after a market drop. Mastering it unlocks advanced expressive capabilities.
- Interpersonal opposition or rebellion.
- Public backlash against policies.
- Physical repulsion (e.g., magnets).
- Financial market rebound or rally.
Particle Mastery
Always pair 反発する with the particle に (ni). Think of the 'ni' as the wall you are pushing against. 意見に反発する (push against the opinion).
Idiom Alert
Memorize 反発を買う (hanpatsu o kau). It translates to 'incur backlash'. It is the most natural way to describe causing a negative reaction.
Emotion vs Logic
Use 反対 (hantai) when you disagree logically. Use 反発 (hanpatsu) when you disagree emotionally and feel the need to push back.
Financial News
If you read the Nikkei, look for 反発. It means the market is recovering. It's a positive word in this specific context!
Exemple
磁石が反発します。
Contenu associé
Plus de mots sur Other
事故
A1Un événement inattendu et généralement désagréable qui entraîne des dommages ou des blessures. Il est le plus souvent utilisé pour les accidents de la route.
根拠
B2Se réfère aux motifs, à la base ou aux preuves sur lesquels un jugement, une déclaration ou une action est établi. Il est utilisé pour décrire la justification sous-jacente ou le fondement logique qui soutient une affirmation ou une théorie.
変化
A1Un nom qui désigne le processus de transformation ou de changement d'état. Il est utilisé pour le climat, la société ou la science.
衝突
A1Une collision physique ou un accident. Cela signifie également un conflit d'opinions ou d'horaires.
比較
B1L'acte d'examiner deux ou plusieurs choses pour identifier les similitudes et les différences.
結論
B2Une décision finale ou un jugement atteint après une période de discussion ou de réflexion.
考慮
A1La considération est l'acte de réfléchir profondément à divers facteurs avant de prendre une décision.
転換
A1Un changement significatif de direction ou d'état. 'Le passage aux énergies renouvelables nécessite une conversion (転換) totale.'
危機
A1Une crise ou une situation critique. Un moment où un résultat dangereux est possible.
基準
A1Une norme, un critère ou un point de repère utilisé comme base de jugement. Ce produit répond aux normes de sécurité.
