The Korean verb 입대하다 (ipdaehada) directly translates to 'to enlist' or 'to join the military'. This is a common and important verb in Korean society, as military service is mandatory for most Korean men. Therefore, discussions about 입대하다 are very prevalent, especially around the ages when young men are expected to serve.
- Core Meaning
- To formally enter military service.
- Contexts
- You will hear this word when discussing:
- A young man's upcoming or past military service.
- News related to the military or national defense.
- Personal plans or life events for young men.
- The experiences of soldiers.
- Discussions about conscription and military obligations.
- Nuances
- While it primarily refers to enlisting, it can also encompass being drafted. The act of 입대하다 is a significant life event in South Korea, often marked by farewells and a sense of transition.
My older brother will 입대하다 next month. (내 형은 다음 달에 군대에 입대하다.)
He decided to 입대하다 after graduating from university. (그는 대학교를 졸업한 후에 군대에 입대하다하기로 결정했다.)
Many young men 입대하다 in their early twenties. (많은 젊은이들이 이십대 초반에 군대에 입대하다.)
He is preparing to 입대하다 soon. (그는 곧 군대에 입대하다할 준비를 하고 있다.)
When did you 입대하다? (언제 군대에 입대하다하셨어요?)
입대하다 is a verb, so it conjugates like other Korean verbs. It typically follows the subject and often the object or adverbial phrase indicating where or when the enlistment occurs. The most common structure is Subject + (Location) + 입대하다. Remember that in Korean, the subject is often omitted if it is clear from the context.
- Basic Sentence Structure
- Subject + (Time/Place) + 입대하다
- Common Verb Endings
- You will see 입대하다 used with various endings depending on the tense and politeness level:
Present Tense (Informal): He 입대한다. (그는 군대에 입대한다.)
Past Tense (Formal): They 입대했다. (그들은 군대에 입대했다.)
Future Tense (Polite): I will 입대하다 next year. (저는 내년에 군대에 입대하다할 것입니다.)
Desire/Intention: I want to 입대하다. (저는 군대에 입대하다고 싶어요.)
Negative: He did not 입대하다. (그는 군대에 입대하다하지 않았다.)
When you plan to 입대하다? (언제 군대에 입대하다할 거예요?)
He 입대하다d last year. (그는 작년에 군대에 입대하다했다.)
Are you ready to 입대하다? (군대에 입대하다할 준비 됐어요?)
I will 입대하다 as soon as possible. (가능한 한 빨리 군대에 입대하다할 것입니다.)
The term 입대하다 is deeply embedded in Korean culture and conversation, primarily due to the mandatory military service for men. You'll frequently encounter it in various settings:
- Family Gatherings
- Discussions about sons, brothers, or cousins reaching the age of enlistment are common. Parents might worry, older siblings might offer advice, and younger ones might ask questions about the process of 입대하다.
- Among Friends
- Young men often talk about their enlistment dates, their chosen branch of service, or their feelings about having to 입대하다. It's a shared experience that bonds them.
- News and Media
- News reports about military personnel, defense policies, or even celebrity enlistments will use 입대하다. It's a standard term in any military-related news.
- Educational Settings
- In schools or universities, especially for male students approaching draft age, conversations about when and how they will 입대하다 are natural.
- Social Media and Online Forums
- Young men share their experiences, anxieties, and countdowns to their enlistment dates using 입대하다. It's a frequently used hashtag or topic.
My cousin is going to 입대하다 next month. (내 사촌은 다음 달에 군대에 입대하다할 거야.)
Did you hear that famous actor will 입대하다 soon? (유명 배우가 곧 군대에 입대하다한다는 소식 들었어?)
He feels nervous about having to 입대하다. (그는 군대에 입대하다하는 것에 대해 긴장하고 있다.)
My son will 입대하다 in the army. (아들이 육군에 입대하다할 거예요.)
He is preparing for the day he has to 입대하다. (그는 군대에 입대하다해야 하는 날을 준비하고 있다.)
When did your older brother 입대하다? (형은 언제 군대에 입대하다했어요?)
While 입대하다 is a straightforward verb, learners might make a few common errors, often related to conjugation or the inclusion of necessary particles.
- Incorrect Conjugation
- Forgetting to conjugate the verb properly for tense, politeness level, or sentence type. For example, using the dictionary form '입대하다' in a sentence instead of a conjugated form like '입대했다' (enlisted) or '입대한다' (enlists).
- Missing Particles
- While '입대하다' can sometimes stand alone, it's very common and often more natural to include the location particle '에' (e) with '군대' (military), forming '군대에 입대하다'. Omitting '군대에' might sound abrupt or less natural in some contexts.
- Confusing with Similar Verbs
- Mistaking 입대하다 for verbs related to general service or joining other organizations. While it specifically means joining the armed forces, learners might confuse it with more general terms for joining or starting something.
- Over-reliance on English Structure
- Trying to directly translate English phrases. For instance, thinking 'to enlist' always translates to a single Korean verb without considering the common collocation with '군대에'.
Incorrect: He enlist now. (He will 입대하다 now.) Incorrect: 그는 지금 입대하다. (Dictionary form used incorrectly.)
Correct: He will enlist now. (그는 지금 군대에 입대하다할 것이다.)
Incorrect: I joined military yesterday. (I 입대하다d yesterday.) Incorrect: 나는 어제 입대했다. (Missing '군대에')
Correct: I joined the military yesterday. (나는 어제 군대에 입대하다했다.)
Incorrect: He will enlist. (He will 입대하다.) Incorrect: 그는 입대하다. (Future tense needed)
Correct: He will enlist. (그는 군대에 입대하다할 것이다.)
Incorrect: He enlist in the army. (He 입대하다s in the army.) Incorrect: 그는 군대에 입대하다.
Correct: He enlists in the army. (그는 군대에 입대하다한다.)
While 입대하다 is the most direct and common term for enlisting in the military, there are related concepts and words that might be used in specific contexts.
- 군복무 (gunbokmu)
- Meaning: Military service. This is a noun referring to the period of service itself, rather than the act of joining.
- Usage: "그는 군복무를 마치고 돌아왔다." (He returned after finishing his military service.) 입대하다 is the action of starting it.
- 징집되다 (jingjipdoeda)
- Meaning: To be drafted, to be conscripted. This is passive and refers to being compelled to join the military by the government.
- Usage: While 입대하다 can be voluntary or involuntary, 징집되다 specifically refers to the involuntary aspect of conscription. "모든 남성은 징집될 수 있다." (All men can be drafted.)
- 지원하다 (jiwonhada)
- Meaning: To apply, to support, to volunteer. In the context of the military, it can mean to volunteer for service.
- Usage: If someone chooses to join the military before being drafted, they might say they '지원해서 입대했다' (applied and enlisted). 입대하다 is the overall act of joining, while 지원하다 specifies the voluntary nature.
- 군대에 가다 (gundae-e gada)
- Meaning: To go to the military. This is a more colloquial and less formal way to express the idea of starting military service.
- Usage: "내 친구는 곧 군대에 가." (My friend is going to the military soon.) While understood, 입대하다 is the more precise and official term for enlisting.
- 제대하다 (jedaehada)
- Meaning: To be discharged from the military. This is the opposite of 입대하다.
- Usage: "그는 작년에 제대했다." (He was discharged last year.) This marks the end of military service, contrasting with the beginning marked by 입대하다.
Alternative: He is going to the military. (그는 곧 군대에 입대하다할 예정이다.)
Related: He was drafted. (그는 군대에 징집되다었다.)
Opposite: He finished his military service. (그는 군 복무를 마치고 제대하다했다.)
He volunteered for military service. (그는 군대에 지원하다했다.)
He will go to the army. (그는 곧 군대에 가다.)
He is currently serving in the military. (그는 현재 군 복무 중이다.)
How Formal Is It?
Le savais-tu ?
The concept of '입대하다' is deeply tied to the history and societal structure of Korea, particularly due to the mandatory military service for men, which has been in place for decades. The word is thus very common and understood by virtually all Koreans.
Guide de prononciation
- Pronouncing '입' as 'ip' with a strong, unreleased 'p' sound at the end.
- Shortening the 'ae' sound in '대' to a simple 'e'.
- Placing incorrect stress on other syllables.
Niveau de difficulté
At A1-A2 levels, recognizing '입대하다' in simple sentences is straightforward. Understanding its meaning in contexts related to personal life events or news is achievable. The core concept is easy to grasp.
Constructing basic sentences with '입대하다' in present and past tenses is manageable for A1-A2 learners. Using it in future tense or with more complex structures requires more practice.
Pronouncing the word correctly and using it in simple spoken sentences is feasible for A1-A2 learners. Understanding its cultural context is important for natural usage.
Recognizing '입대하다' when spoken in clear, standard Korean is achievable at A1-A2 levels. Speed and background noise can increase difficulty.
Quoi apprendre ensuite
Prérequis
Apprends ensuite
Avancé
Grammaire à connaître
Verb Conjugation: Present Tense (-ㄴ/는다)
그는 군대에 입대한다. (He enlists in the military.)
Verb Conjugation: Past Tense (-았/었다)
나는 작년에 입대했다. (I enlisted last year.)
Verb Conjugation: Future Tense (-ㄹ/을 것이다)
내 동생은 곧 입대할 것이다. (My younger brother will enlist soon.)
Expressing Desire (-고 싶다)
나는 빨리 입대하고 싶다. (I want to enlist soon.)
Using Particles: '에' with '군대'
그는 군대에 입대했다. (He enlisted in the military.)
Exemples par niveau
He will join the military.
Future tense, simple statement.
Simple future tense of a verb.
I will go to the army.
Future tense, colloquial expression.
Using '가다' (to go) with '군대' (military).
My brother joins the army.
Present tense, general fact.
Simple present tense of a verb.
He joined the military.
Past tense, completed action.
Simple past tense of a verb.
When do you join the military?
Question about future action.
Question structure with future tense.
He is in the military now.
Present state, implies enlistment.
Expressing current status.
My son will join.
Future tense, context implies military.
Subject omitted, context is key.
They joined.
Past tense, context implies military.
Plural past tense.
My older brother will enlist next year.
Future tense, specific timeframe.
Future tense conjugation of '입대하다'.
He enlisted in the army last month.
Past tense, specific past time.
Past tense conjugation of '입대하다'.
When did you enlist?
Question about past action.
Question using past tense.
Many young men enlist in their early twenties.
Present tense, general statement about a demographic.
Present tense for habitual actions.
He decided to enlist after graduation.
Past tense, indicating a decision and sequence of events.
Using past tense with a subordinate clause.
Is he going to enlist soon?
Question about near future.
Using 'go to' structure for future intention.
I want to enlist in the navy.
Expressing a desire for a specific branch.
Using '-고 싶다' (want to).
He did not enlist.
Negative statement about past action.
Negation of past tense.
Most Korean men have to enlist by the age of 28.
Statement about obligation and a deadline.
Using 'have to' structure with a specific age.
He chose to enlist voluntarily rather than wait to be drafted.
Comparing voluntary enlistment with conscription.
Using contrastive conjunctions.
What are your plans after you enlist?
Inquiring about future plans post-enlistment.
Using future tense in a question.
The news reported that many celebrities enlist secretly.
Discussing a specific practice or trend.
Using passive voice and reporting verbs.
He feels anxious about enlisting soon.
Expressing an emotion related to an upcoming event.
Using adjectives to describe feelings.
She is waiting for her boyfriend to enlist so they can plan their future.
Discussing how enlistment affects personal relationships and future planning.
Using subordinate clauses to show cause and effect.
The enlistment period can vary depending on the branch.
Providing information about military service duration.
Using nouns related to military service.
He enlisted in the army and served for two years.
Describing the action and its duration.
Combining past action with duration.
The mandatory conscription system ensures that most able-bodied men enlist by a certain age.
Explaining the mechanism and purpose of conscription.
Using complex sentence structures and specific terminology.
He decided to enlist early to gain valuable experience before pursuing his civilian career.
Discussing strategic reasons for enlisting.
Using adverbial phrases to explain motivation.
There are ongoing debates about the fairness of the enlistment process and potential exemptions.
Discussing societal issues and controversies surrounding enlistment.
Using abstract nouns and passive voice.
She expressed her concerns about her son's upcoming enlistment and the potential dangers involved.
Describing emotional responses and anxieties related to enlistment.
Using reported speech and nuanced vocabulary.
The government announced new policies regarding the enlistment of specialized personnel.
Reporting official announcements and policy changes.
Using formal language and specific policy terms.
Many young men find the transition from civilian life to military service challenging after they enlist.
Discussing the difficulties of adapting to military life.
Using gerunds and comparative adjectives.
He wrote a letter to his family detailing his experiences since he enlisted.
Narrating personal experiences after enlistment.
Using past perfect tense to indicate an event prior to another past event.
The country relies on its citizens to enlist and defend its borders.
Explaining the societal role and expectation of enlistment.
Using modal verbs to express necessity or reliance.
The social and psychological implications of mandatory enlistment on young adults are subjects of ongoing academic research.
Analyzing the broader societal impact of conscription.
Using complex nominalizations and abstract concepts.
He meticulously prepared for his enlistment, ensuring all his affairs were in order before commencing his period of service.
Describing thorough preparation for enlistment.
Using adverbs and sophisticated vocabulary.
The debate surrounding conscientious objection highlights the tension between civic duty to enlist and individual freedom of belief.
Exploring ethical and philosophical dilemmas related to military service.
Using abstract nouns and complex clause structures.
Following his enlistment, he found himself in an environment that demanded a level of discipline and camaraderie he had never previously encountered.
Describing the transformative experience of military life.
Using participial phrases and comparative language.
The government's decision to alter the enlistment age sparked widespread public discussion and varied reactions.
Reporting and analyzing the consequences of policy changes.
Using formal verbs and passive constructions.
His motivation to enlist stemmed not only from a sense of patriotic duty but also from a desire for personal growth and skill acquisition.
Analyzing the multifaceted reasons behind choosing to enlist.
Using correlative conjunctions and nuanced vocabulary.
The historical records indicate a significant increase in voluntary enlistment during periods of national crisis.
Examining historical trends and their correlation with enlistment.
Using past perfect tense and statistical language.
The psychological impact of the enlistment process, particularly the separation from family and the uncertainty of deployment, cannot be understated.
Emphasizing the profound psychological effects of enlistment.
Using emphatic language and abstract nouns.
The socio-political ramifications of the nation's conscription policy, particularly its impact on male citizens' life trajectories subsequent to their enlistment, warrant meticulous examination.
A highly academic analysis of conscription's effects.
Extremely formal vocabulary, complex sentence structure, nominalization.
His decision to enlist was predicated on a confluence of factors, including a profound sense of civic responsibility, an aspiration for structured personal development, and a pragmatic recognition of the career opportunities afforded by military service.
A detailed breakdown of the complex motivations for enlisting.
Sophisticated vocabulary, complex phrasing, enumeration of factors.
The historical discourse surrounding mandatory enlistment often oscillates between narratives of national unity and individual liberty, reflecting enduring societal tensions.
Analyzing the historical discourse and ideological conflicts related to conscription.
Abstract concepts, sophisticated verbs, nuanced description of discourse.
The psychological sequelae experienced by individuals undergoing the transition from civilian life to the rigorous demands of military service post-enlistment are multifaceted and merit comprehensive study.
A clinical examination of the psychological effects of military service.
Clinical terminology, complex noun phrases, emphasis on comprehensiveness.
The legislative framework governing enlistment eligibility and deferment criteria is subject to periodic review and revision, reflecting evolving societal needs and geopolitical considerations.
Describing the legal and administrative aspects of enlistment.
Legalistic language, formal structure, emphasis on process.
The phenomenon of 'early enlistment' among certain demographic groups can be attributed to a complex interplay of socio-economic pressures and perceived benefits of military service.
Analyzing specific patterns of enlistment within certain groups.
Sociological terminology, complex causal analysis.
The cultural narrative surrounding the 'rite of passage' associated with male enlistment continues to shape societal expectations and individual identity formation.
Examining the cultural significance and symbolic meaning of enlistment.
Cultural studies terminology, abstract concepts.
The ethical quandaries posed by selective enlistment policies necessitate a rigorous examination of fairness, equity, and the fundamental principles of universal obligation.
Discussing the ethical challenges of enlistment policies.
Philosophical and ethical terminology, emphasis on principles.
Collocations courantes
Phrases Courantes
— To enlist in the military. This is the most standard and direct phrase.
내 동생이 다음 달에 군대에 입대해.
— The age at which one is eligible or expected to enlist in the military.
이제 막 입대할 나이가 되었다.
— Postponement of military enlistment. This is common for students pursuing higher education.
그는 학업 때문에 입대를 연기했다.
— The timing or period of enlistment.
입대 시기를 잘 선택해야 한다.
— Preparation for military enlistment, including gathering necessary items and documents.
입대 준비물 목록을 확인했다.
— Exemption from military service. This can be due to health reasons, specific achievements, or other legal grounds.
그는 건강 문제로 입대 면제를 받았다.
— After enlisting. This phrase refers to the period following one's entry into the military.
입대 후 달라진 점이 많아요.
— The draft notice or enlistment order received from the military authorities.
입대 영장이 나왔다.
— Gifts given to someone who is about to enlist, often practical items for military life.
친구에게 입대 선물을 줬어요.
— While not a literal 'congratulation', this phrase is used to acknowledge and support someone who is enlisting, often in a farewell context.
입대를 축하하며 작별 인사를 했다.
Souvent confondu avec
This verb means 'to enter' or 'to be admitted' into a place or situation, like entering a stadium or being admitted to a school. While it also involves entering, '입대하다' is specifically for military service.
This verb means 'to serve' in the military. '입대하다' is the act of joining, while '복무하다' refers to the period of active duty after joining.
This verb means 'to apply' or 'to volunteer'. While one might '지원하다' (volunteer) to '입대하다' (enlist), they are distinct actions. '지원하다' is the application, and '입대하다' is the actual joining.
Expressions idiomatiques
— Literally 'the age to go to the military'. This idiom refers to the age when young men are expected to enlist, often implying a transition into adulthood.
이제 막 군대 갈 나이가 되었어요. (I've just reached the age to go to the military.)
Informal— Literally 'to become iron' or 'to harden'. This idiom means 'to mature' or 'to become sensible'. It's often associated with the experience of military service, implying that enlisting helps young men mature.
군대에 다녀오더니 철이 든 것 같아. (After going to the military, he seems to have matured.)
Informal/Common— Literally 'after coming back from the military'. This phrase is often used to mark a significant change or development in a person's life or personality after their military service.
군대 갔다 와서 사람이 달라졌어요. (He changed as a person after coming back from the military.)
Informal/Common— To be manly or masculine. Military service is traditionally seen as a rite of passage that makes a man '남자답다'.
군대에 갔다 오면 더 남자다워진다. (After going to the military, one becomes more manly.)
Informal/Common— Literally 'to fill something with one's body'. This idiom means 'to endure hardship' or 'to work hard to compensate for something'. In the context of military service, it can refer to enduring the physical demands or making up for a lack of something through hard work.
그는 군대에서 몸으로 때우며 훈련받았다. (He trained by enduring hardship in the military.)
Informal— Fellow trainees from the same military training center. This term highlights the camaraderie formed during the initial enlistment period.
훈련소 동기들과 아직도 연락하고 지내요. (I still keep in touch with my training center mates.)
Informal/Specific— Literally 'where the needle goes, the thread follows'. This proverb means 'people are inseparable' or 'where one goes, the other follows'. It can sometimes be used humorously in the context of friends enlisting together.
우리는 바늘 가는 데 실 가는 것처럼 항상 같이 입대했어요. (We enlisted together always, like needle and thread.)
Proverbial/Humorous— Literally 'to eat from the same pot'. This idiom means 'to live together' or 'to share a common experience'. It can be used to describe the shared life and experiences of soldiers who enlisted together.
훈련소에서 한솥밥을 먹던 친구들을 만났다. (I met friends I shared meals with at the training center.)
Informal— Stories about military experiences. This is a very common topic of conversation among men who have served.
남자들은 군대 이야기를 참 좋아해. (Men really like talking about military stories.)
Informal/Common— Literally 'scared it might appear in a dream'. This idiom expresses extreme fear or dread. While not directly related to enlistment, it can be used to describe the fear of the unknown or the hardships associated with military service.
입대 전에 훈련소 생활이 너무 무서워서 꿈에 나올까 무서웠어요. (I was so scared of training center life before enlisting that I was afraid it would appear in my dreams.)
Figurative/InformalFacile à confondre
Similar sounding verbs or related concepts.
입대하다 specifically means to join the military. Other words like '복무하다' (to serve) refer to the period of service, and '지원하다' (to apply/volunteer) is the act of applying for service, which may or may not lead to enlistment.
그는 군대에 입대했다. (He enlisted in the military.) vs. 그는 군에 복무했다. (He served in the military.)
Confused with general 'entering' verbs.
'입대하다' is exclusively for military enlistment. Verbs like '들어가다' (to enter) or '입장하다' (to enter a place formally) have broader meanings and are not specific to military service.
나는 학교에 들어갔다. (I entered school.) vs. 나는 군대에 입대했다. (I enlisted in the military.)
Confusion between voluntary and involuntary service.
'입대하다' can cover both voluntary enlistment and conscription. However, '징집되다' (to be drafted) specifically refers to involuntary conscription, highlighting the mechanism of being called up by the state.
그는 자원해서 입대했다. (He voluntarily enlisted.) vs. 그는 징집되었다. (He was drafted.)
Confusing the act of joining with the completion of service.
'입대하다' is the beginning of military service. Its antonyms, like '제대하다' (to be discharged) or '전역하다' (to be discharged), refer to the completion of that service.
그는 2022년에 입대했다. (He enlisted in 2022.) vs. 그는 2024년에 제대했다. (He was discharged in 2024.)
Overgeneralization of the term 'military'.
'입대하다' is specifically for joining the armed forces (army, navy, air force). Other organizations might have 'joining' verbs, but '입대하다' is reserved for the military.
그는 회사에 입사했다. (He joined the company.) vs. 그는 군대에 입대했다. (He enlisted in the military.)
Structures de phrases
Subject + 입대하다.
그는 입대한다. (He enlists.)
Subject + 입대했다.
나는 입대했다. (I enlisted.)
Subject + (Time) + 입대하다.
그는 내년에 입대한다. (He enlists next year.)
Subject + (Location) + 입대하다.
나는 군대에 입대했다. (I enlisted in the military.)
Subject + 입대하고 싶다.
나는 빨리 입대하고 싶다. (I want to enlist soon.)
Subject + 입대하기 전에 + Verb.
입대하기 전에 친구를 만났다. (I met a friend before enlisting.)
Subject + 입대하다 + -기 때문에 + Reason.
입대하기 때문에 여행을 못 가. (Because I am enlisting, I can't go on the trip.)
Subject + 입대하다 + -는 것이 + Opinion.
입대하는 것이 인생의 큰 경험이라고 생각한다. (I think enlisting is a big life experience.)
Famille de mots
Noms
Verbes
Apparenté
Comment l'utiliser
Very High, especially in contexts related to Korean men and military service.
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Using the dictionary form '입대하다' in a sentence.
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Conjugate the verb according to tense and politeness.
Learners often forget to conjugate verbs. For example, saying '나는 입대하다' instead of '나는 입대했다' (I enlisted) or '나는 입대한다' (I enlist).
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Forgetting the particle '에' with '군대'.
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Use '군대에 입대하다'.
While '입대하다' can sometimes stand alone, it's more natural and common to specify the location 'military' using the particle '에'. Saying '나는 군대 입대했다' is less common than '나는 군대에 입대했다'.
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Confusing '입대하다' with general 'entering' verbs.
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Use '입대하다' only for military enlistment.
'입대하다' is specific to joining the military. Verbs like '들어가다' (to enter) or '입장하다' (to enter formally) are used for other situations like entering a building or a school.
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Pronouncing '대' as a short 'e' sound.
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Pronounce '대' with a clear 'ae' sound.
The vowel in '대' is 'ae', similar to the 'a' in 'cat' but more open, or the 'ay' in 'say' without the glide. Shortening it to an 'e' sound changes the word's pronunciation significantly.
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Confusing '입대하다' (to enlist) with '제대하다' (to be discharged).
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Understand the temporal difference: enlistment is the beginning, discharge is the end.
'입대하다' is the action of joining the military, while '제대하다' is the action of completing service and leaving the military. They are opposite actions.
Astuces
Mastering the 'ae' Sound
The vowel sound in the second syllable '대' (dae) is crucial. It's an open 'ae' sound, similar to the 'a' in 'cat' but more open, or like the 'ay' in 'say' without the glide. Practice saying 'dae' clearly to distinguish it from 'de' or 'di'.
Location Particle '에'
While '입대하다' can sometimes stand alone, it is very common and natural to specify where one is enlisting by adding '군대에' (to the military). So, '군대에 입대하다' is a frequently used and recommended collocation.
Visual Association
Imagine a calendar with a date circled, signifying the day someone has to 'enter' (입) a 'big unit' or 'team' (대). This visual can help link the word to the concept of enlistment.
Politeness Levels
Like other Korean verbs, '입대하다' conjugates to different politeness levels. For formal situations, use '-합니다/-ㅂ니다', for standard polite, use '-아요/-어요', and for informal, use '-ㄴ다/-는다'.
Rite of Passage
In Korean culture, military service is often viewed as a rite of passage for men, marking a transition into adulthood. This perspective influences how the act of enlisting is discussed and perceived.
Sentence Building
Try creating sentences about yourself, friends, or fictional characters enlisting. Practice using it in different tenses (past, present, future) and with different subjects.
Antonyms Matter
Learning the antonym '제대하다' (to be discharged) alongside '입대하다' helps solidify the understanding of the entire military service cycle, from beginning to end.
Avoid Dictionary Form
Don't use the dictionary form '입대하다' directly in sentences. Remember to conjugate it according to the tense and politeness level required (e.g., 입대했다, 입대한다, 입대할 것이다).
Nuance of '징집되다'
Understand the difference between '입대하다' (to enlist, general) and '징집되다' (to be drafted, involuntary). This distinction is important for discussing the nuances of military service in South Korea.
Mémorise-le
Moyen mnémotechnique
Imagine a soldier (대) entering (입) a new unit. '입대' sounds a bit like 'in the date', so you can think of the date you have to enter the military. Or, picture a soldier saying 'I'm in!' (입-대!) to join the army.
Association visuelle
Picture a young man in a uniform standing at the gate of a military base, ready to enter. The '입' sound can remind you of 'in' and '대' can remind you of 'date' or 'a big team/unit'.
Word Web
Défi
Try to use 입대하다 in three different sentences describing future, past, and habitual actions related to military service.
Origine du mot
The word '입대하다' is a compound word formed from the noun '입대' (ipdae) and the verb suffix '-하다' (-hada), which turns nouns into verbs. '입대' itself is derived from Hanja (Chinese characters used in Korean).
Sens originel : '입' (入) means 'to enter' and '대' (隊) means 'team' or 'corps'. Therefore, '입대' literally means 'to enter the corps' or 'to enter the unit'.
Korean (with Sino-Korean roots)Contexte culturel
When discussing 입대하다, it's important to be aware of the mandatory nature of service for men in South Korea. Avoid making light of the topic, as it is a serious commitment and a significant life event for many. Discussions about exemptions or alternative service can also be sensitive.
In English-speaking countries like the US, UK, or Canada, military service is voluntary for the most part. Therefore, the concept of mandatory enlistment and the associated societal discussions around 입대하다 are quite different. While 'to enlist' is the direct translation, the cultural context and frequency of its use are not as pervasive as in South Korea.
Pratique dans la vie réelle
Contextes réels
A conversation between two friends discussing their upcoming military service.
- 언제 입대해?
- 나도 곧 입대해야 해.
- 어디로 입대할 거야?
- 입대 전에 뭐 할 거야?
A family discussion about a son's enlistment.
- 아들이 입대할 나이가 되었어요.
- 입대하면 걱정돼요.
- 입대 선물은 뭘로 해줄까?
- 입대하면 연락 자주 할게.
News report about celebrity enlistment.
- OOO 씨가 입대 소식을 알렸다.
- 입대 날짜는 언제인가요?
- 팬들은 그의 입대를 아쉬워하고 있다.
A university student talking about future plans.
- 졸업하고 바로 입대할 생각이야.
- 입대 전에 여행을 좀 하고 싶어.
- 입대하면 2년 동안 못 보겠네.
Discussion about mandatory military service.
- 한국 남자는 다 입대해야 해.
- 입대 면제받는 사람도 있어?
- 입대하면 어떻게 달라질까?
Amorces de conversation
"Have you heard about when he's enlisting?"
"My younger brother will be enlisting next year, I'm a bit worried."
"Do you know anyone who chose to enlist early?"
"What's the first thing you'd do after enlisting?"
"How do you think enlisting changes a person?"
Sujets d'écriture
Write about the significance of military enlistment in Korean culture.
Imagine you are about to enlist. What are your thoughts and feelings?
Describe the process or preparations someone might make before they enlist.
Compare and contrast the concept of enlisting in South Korea versus a country with voluntary military service.
Write a fictional story about two friends who enlist together.
Questions fréquentes
10 questions'군대에 가다' is a more casual and colloquial way to say 'to go to the military'. It's like saying 'to head off to the army'. On the other hand, '입대하다' is the more formal and precise verb for 'to enlist' or 'to join the military'. While both are understood, '입대하다' is the standard term used in official contexts, news, and more formal discussions.
Yes, in South Korea, military service is mandatory for most able-bodied men. The duration of service varies depending on the branch (army, navy, air force), but it is a significant period of their lives. While there are some exceptions and alternative service options for specific cases (e.g., severe health issues, certain artistic or athletic achievements), the general expectation is that men will enlist and serve.
South Korea's military service is mandatory for men. While women can voluntarily enlist in the military, it is not compulsory. Many women do serve, choosing different branches and roles, but the primary conscription system applies only to men.
'입대' (ipdae) is the noun form of '입대하다'. It means 'enlistment' or 'joining the military'. So, if someone says '입대 날짜' (ipdae naljja), they mean 'enlistment date'.
Most Korean men enlist in their early to mid-twenties, typically after completing some level of higher education or gaining work experience. However, they must enlist by the age of 28. The exact timing can be influenced by personal plans, academic schedules, and the desire to gain experience before service.
'입대 영장' (ipdae yeongjang) is the official draft notice or enlistment order that a man receives from the military authorities. It specifies the date and location where he is to report for his military service.
'입대하다' is a general term for joining the military, which can be voluntary or involuntary. '징집되다' (jingjipdoeda) specifically means 'to be drafted' or 'to be conscripted', emphasizing the involuntary aspect where the government calls individuals to service. So, while someone who is '징집되다' will eventually '입대하다', the term '징집되다' highlights the compulsory nature of their enlistment.
When enlisting, recruits typically bring basic personal items such as toiletries, comfortable clothing for before entering the training center, letters from family, and any prescribed medications. The military provides uniforms and essential equipment upon entry, but personal comfort items are often allowed.
The typical length of military service in South Korea is around 18 to 21 months, depending on the branch. The Army usually requires about 18 months, the Navy around 20 months, and the Air Force about 21 months. There are also variations for specialized roles or alternative service programs.
After enlisting, recruits typically go through an initial period of basic training at a military training center. During this time, they learn military discipline, basic combat skills, and familiarize themselves with military life. After basic training, they are assigned to their specific units and roles within the military.
Teste-toi 10 questions
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Mastering the 'ae' Sound
The vowel sound in the second syllable '대' (dae) is crucial. It's an open 'ae' sound, similar to the 'a' in 'cat' but more open, or like the 'ay' in 'say' without the glide. Practice saying 'dae' clearly to distinguish it from 'de' or 'di'.
Location Particle '에'
While '입대하다' can sometimes stand alone, it is very common and natural to specify where one is enlisting by adding '군대에' (to the military). So, '군대에 입대하다' is a frequently used and recommended collocation.
Context is Key
Understanding that military service is mandatory for men in South Korea is essential for grasping the frequency and significance of '입대하다'. This cultural context will help you understand why the word is used so often.
Visual Association
Imagine a calendar with a date circled, signifying the day someone has to 'enter' (입) a 'big unit' or 'team' (대). This visual can help link the word to the concept of enlistment.
Contenu associé
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공군
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경보
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갑옷
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육군
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공격
A1Un acte d'agression ou de lancement d'une offensive contre un ennemi. Cela peut être physique, verbal ou stratégique.
공격하다
A1Lancer une attaque ou une offensive contre un ennemi.
피하다
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전쟁터
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국경
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