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B2 noun #5,200 le plus courant 12 min de lecture

등락

deungnak Top 5,200

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces 등락 en 30 secondes

Explication 등락 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word '등락' yourself, but it's good to know it means 'up and down'. Imagine a ball bouncing up and down. In Korean, we have simple words for this, like '위' (up) and '아래' (down). '등락' is a much harder version of this idea used for prices. If you see this word in a store or on a screen, just remember: '등' means up, and '락' means down. It tells you that the price is not staying the same. For now, focus on learning '오르다' (to go up) and '내리다' (to go down). These are the basic building blocks that make up the idea of '등락'. You might see it on a simple graph in a textbook, showing how many students like apples vs. oranges over a week. Even at this level, recognizing the '락' (fall) part can help you understand words like '추락' (fall/crash) later on. Keep it simple: 등락 = price goes up, price goes down.

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At the A2 level, you are starting to talk about daily life and basic shopping. '등락' is a word you might see in a news headline on your phone. It describes how the price of things like milk, eggs, or gasoline changes. While you would usually say '가격이 올랐어요' (The price went up) or '가격이 내려갔어요' (The price went down), the word '등락' summarizes both actions into one noun. If you go to a market and the price of fruit is different every day, that is '등락'. You can start to recognize the Hanja characters: 騰 (rise) and 落 (fall). A good way to practice is looking at a weather chart. The temperature goes up in the afternoon and down at night. While we usually use '기온 변화' (temperature change), you might see '기온 등락' in a more formal weather report. Just remember: it's a formal way to say 'going up and down' for numbers.

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At the B1 level, you are becoming more independent in Korean. You should be able to understand '등락' when listening to the news or reading a basic newspaper article. This word is very common when talking about the economy. For example, if you are discussing your hobbies and you mention 'investing' (투자), you will definitely need to know '등락'. You can use phrases like '등락이 심하다' to mean 'The fluctuations are severe'. This is a great way to sound more professional than just saying '많이 바뀌어요' (It changes a lot). You should also learn the word '등락폭' (the range of fluctuation). If a stock goes from 1,000 won to 1,200 won and then back to 900 won, that movement is '등락'. At this level, you should start noticing '등락' in contexts like political polls or social statistics, not just shopping prices. It's a key word for moving from daily conversation to 'news-level' Korean.

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At the B2 level, '등락' should be a regular part of your vocabulary, especially for writing and formal speaking. You are expected to understand the nuances of market volatility. You should use the collocation '등락을 거듭하다' (to repeat fluctuations) to describe unstable situations. This level requires you to distinguish '등락' from similar words like '변동' (change) and '기복' (ups and downs). You should understand that '등락' is primarily for quantifiable data. For instance, in a presentation about the Korean economy, you might say, "환율의 등락이 수출업계에 미치는 영향이 큽니다" (The fluctuation of exchange rates has a large impact on the export industry). You should also be comfortable with related terms like '등락률' (fluctuation rate). At B2, you are not just seeing the word; you are analyzing the 'why' and 'how' behind the '등락' in various professional contexts. It is a vital word for passing the TOPIK II exam at a high level.

At the C1 level, your use of '등락' should be precise and sophisticated. You can use it metaphorically in formal essays, such as discussing the '역사의 등락' (the rises and falls of history) or the '국력의 등락' (the fluctuation of national power), although you know that '성쇠' or '기복' might be more common in specific literary contexts. You understand the economic implications of '등락' in depth—such as how '등락폭' affects market psychology and investor sentiment. You can use the word in complex sentence structures, such as "시장 참여자들은 금리 인상 여부에 따른 증시의 등락 가능성에 예의주시하고 있다" (Market participants are closely watching the possibility of stock market fluctuations depending on whether interest rates are raised). You also recognize the word in historical texts or high-level academic papers where it might describe social trends over decades. Your mastery of '등락' signals that you can handle professional Korean in any field involving data, finance, or social science.

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At the C2 level, you have a native-like grasp of '등락' and all its technical and stylistic implications. You can effortlessly switch between '등락', '기복', '변동', and '오르내림' depending on the audience and the medium. You might use '등락' in a highly technical financial analysis, discussing '등락주선' (Advance-Decline Line) or other complex indicators. You understand the subtle emotional weight the word can carry in a news report—how '심한 등락' can signal a national crisis or economic instability. You can critique the use of the word in media, noticing if a journalist is using it to sensationalize a minor change. Your ability to use '등락' extends to understanding its role in the broader linguistic landscape of Sino-Korean terminology, and you can explain its etymology and usage to others. For a C2 learner, '등락' is not just a word; it's a tool for precise, high-level communication about the dynamic and ever-changing nature of the world.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

등락 en 30 secondes

등락 refers to the continuous rise and fall of numerical values, most commonly used in finance, real estate, and statistics to describe market volatility.
The word is a Hanja compound: 騰 (rise) and 落 (fall), making it a formal and precise term for 'fluctuation' in professional contexts.
Commonly paired with '심하다' (severe) or '거듭하다' (repeat), it highlights the unstable nature of a value over a specific period of time.
Unlike the native '오르내림', which can be physical, '등락' is strictly reserved for abstract, quantifiable data like stock prices or approval ratings.

The Korean word 등락 (騰落) is a specialized noun primarily used in economic, statistical, and formal contexts to describe the 'rise and fall' or 'fluctuation' of values, prices, or numbers. At its core, it is a compound of two Hanja characters: 등 (騰), meaning 'to rise' or 'to soar' (as seen in words like '폭등' for a price surge), and 락 (落), meaning 'to fall' or 'to drop' (as seen in '하락' for a decline). When combined, they represent a cyclical or continuous movement where a value does not stay constant but moves up and down over a period of time. This term is indispensable for anyone following the Korean stock market (KOSPI/KOSDAQ), real estate trends, or national economic indicators like inflation and interest rates.

Economic Volatility: In the financial world, '등락' describes the volatility of the market. Analysts often speak of the '등락폭' (the range of fluctuation), which measures the distance between the highest and lowest points of a price within a single day or a specific period. If a stock is described as having '등락이 심하다', it means the price is swinging wildly, indicating high risk and potential high reward for investors.

최근 주식 시장의 등락이 매우 심해서 투자자들이 불안해하고 있습니다.

Translation: Recently, the rise and fall of the stock market has been very severe, so investors are feeling anxious.

Beyond just the stock market, '등락' is used to describe the changing tides of public opinion polls, the fluctuating prices of agricultural products due to seasonal changes, and even the varying levels of water in a reservoir. However, it maintains a formal tone. You wouldn't typically use '등락' to describe your personal weight changing by a few pounds or the temperature in your room; for those everyday situations, words like '오르내림' (going up and down) or '변동' (change/fluctuation) are more appropriate. '등락' carries a weight of systemic or collective data movement.

Statistical Context: When government agencies release reports on the Consumer Price Index (CPI), they use '등락' to show how the prices of essential goods have shifted. For instance, '채소류의 가격 등락' refers to the fluctuations in vegetable prices. This usage is crucial for understanding the cost of living and macro-economic health.

환율의 등락에 따라 수출 기업의 이익이 크게 달라집니다.

Translation: Depending on the fluctuation of the exchange rate, the profits of exporting companies vary greatly.

Furthermore, the word is often paired with the verb '거듭하다' (to repeat), creating the phrase '등락을 거듭하다'. This specifically means that the value has gone up and down multiple times in succession, suggesting a period of instability or uncertainty. In a news broadcast, you might hear, "오늘 증시는 보합권에서 등락을 거듭하다가 소폭 하락하며 마감했습니다" (Today's stock market repeatedly rose and fell within a narrow range before closing with a slight decline). This nuanced description provides a vivid picture of the day's trading activity.

Historical Usage: In historical documents, '등락' could also refer to the rising and falling of political fortunes or the status of individuals, though this usage is rarer today. In modern Korean, the focus remains strictly on quantifiable data and market values.

원자재 가격의 등락 폭이 커지면서 건설 비용이 예측하기 어려워졌습니다.

In summary, '등락' is a high-level vocabulary word essential for understanding the dynamics of change in any numerical system. Whether you are reading a financial newspaper like the 'Maeil Business Newspaper' or watching the evening news, recognizing this word will help you grasp the volatility and trends of the Korean economy. It represents the constant motion of value in a capitalist society, capturing both the optimism of the '등' and the caution of the '락'.

Using 등락 correctly requires understanding its grammatical role as a noun and its common verbal pairings. While it can stand alone as a subject or object, it most frequently appears in specific collocations that describe the nature of the fluctuation. The most common verb used with '등락' is 거듭하다 (to repeat), which emphasizes a continuous cycle of going up and down. This is the standard way to describe a market that cannot find a stable direction.

The '거듭하다' Pattern: Sentence: "비트코인 가격이 며칠째 등락을 거듭하고 있습니다." (The price of Bitcoin has been repeatedly rising and falling for several days.) This pattern suggests that the price is not just moving once, but is in a state of constant flux.

국제 유가가 등락을 반복하면서 국내 휘발유 가격도 불안정해졌습니다.

Translation: As international oil prices repeated their rise and fall, domestic gasoline prices also became unstable.

Another essential way to use '등락' is by combining it with '폭' (width/range) to create the compound noun 등락폭. This refers to the magnitude of the change. A '큰 등락폭' (large range of fluctuation) indicates high volatility, whereas a '작은 등락폭' (small range) indicates a relatively stable but still moving market. You will often see this in technical analysis of stocks or economic reports.

Describing Magnitude: Sentence: "오늘 삼성전자의 주가는 등락폭이 그리 크지 않았습니다." (Today, the range of fluctuation for Samsung Electronics' stock price was not that large.)

지지율이 1% 내외에서 등락하고 있어 결과를 예측하기 어렵습니다.

Translation: The approval rating is fluctuating within about 1%, making it difficult to predict the result.

In more academic or professional settings, you might encounter the term 등락률 (fluctuation rate). This is a percentage that shows how much a value has changed relative to a baseline. For example, a stock's '등락률' for the day might be +2.5% or -1.2%. This is a precise way to quantify the '등락' discussed in more general terms. When writing reports, using '등락률' adds a layer of professionalism and accuracy to your Korean.

Professional Reporting: Sentence: "각 종목의 등락률을 확인한 뒤 매수 여부를 결정하세요." (Check the fluctuation rate of each item before deciding whether to buy.)

금리 등락에 민감한 부동산 시장의 특성을 고려해야 합니다.

Finally, '등락' can be used metaphorically to describe the 'ups and downs' of a situation, though it remains quite formal. For example, one might discuss the '역사의 등락' (the rises and falls of history), though '성쇠' (rise and fall/prosperity and decline) is more common for civilizations. When using '등락' in your own sentences, ensure the context involves some form of measurable change or value to maintain the natural nuance of the word.

If you turn on a Korean news channel like KBS, MBC, or SBS during the financial segment, 등락 is one of the most frequently repeated words. It is the bread and butter of financial journalists. You will hear it in the '증시 브리핑' (Stock Market Briefing) as they explain why the market went up in the morning and down in the afternoon. The word provides a professional summary of complex market movements that would otherwise require long explanations.

News Broadcasts: Broadcasters often use '등락' to describe the 'mixed' closing of a market. For example: "오늘 뉴욕 증시는 주요 지수가 등락이 엇갈리며 혼조세로 마감했습니다." (Today, the major indices of the New York stock market closed mixed as their fluctuations diverged.)

"이번 주 시장은 금리 발표를 앞두고 좁은 범위 내에서 등락을 보일 것으로 예상됩니다."

Typical analyst prediction on TV.

You will also encounter '등락' frequently in the real estate (부동산) section of newspapers. Since property values are a national obsession in Korea, reporting on the '아파트 가격 등락' (fluctuation in apartment prices) is a daily occurrence. Whether it's the 'Gangnam 3 districts' or provincial cities, any change in the valuation is categorized under '등락'. Understanding this word allows you to navigate the complex world of Korean real estate news, which is often a primary topic of conversation among adults.

Real Estate Discussions: In a conversation between neighbors, one might say: "요즘 우리 동네 집값 등락이 심해서 팔아야 할지 말아야 할지 고민이에요." (The house prices in our neighborhood have been fluctuating so much lately that I'm worried about whether to sell or not.)

정부의 새로운 정책 발표 이후 부동산 시장의 등락폭이 점차 줄어들고 있습니다.

Another common place to find this word is in political commentary. When a presidential election or a general election is approaching, the '지지율 등락' (fluctuation in approval ratings) of candidates is scrutinized hourly. If a candidate makes a gaffe, the news will report a '급격한 등락' (sudden fluctuation) in their numbers. This usage highlights how '등락' is the go-to word for any situation involving shifting percentages and public sentiment measured by data.

Political Polls: "여론조사 결과, 후보자들 간의 지지율 등락이 오차 범위 내에 있습니다." (As a result of the poll, the fluctuation in approval ratings among candidates is within the margin of error.)

물가 등락에 따른 서민들의 가계 부담이 커지고 있습니다.

Finally, you might hear this word in educational settings, particularly in economics or sociology lectures. Professors use '등락' to describe the cyclical nature of capitalism or the historical patterns of population growth and decline. It is a word that signals a transition from basic conversational Korean to professional, academic, and socio-economic discourse. Mastering it allows you to engage with the 'real world' of Korean society as presented in its media and institutions.

One of the most common mistakes learners make with 등락 is confusing it with more general words for 'change' like 변동 (change/fluctuation) or 변화 (change). While they are related, '등락' specifically requires a 'up and down' movement. You cannot use '등락' to describe a change in color, a change in someone's personality, or a change in the weather (unless you are specifically talking about the numerical temperature). If you say '성격의 등락' (fluctuation of personality), it sounds very strange and overly technical; '기분 변동' (mood swing) would be much better.

Mistake 1: Misapplying to Non-Numerical Contexts: Incorrect: "오늘 날씨의 등락이 심해요." (The weather's rise and fall is severe.)
Correct: "오늘 기온의 등락이 심해요." (The temperature's fluctuation is severe.) or "오늘 날씨가 변덕스러워요." (The weather is fickle.)

가격의 등락 (Correct) vs. 모양의 등락 (Incorrect - should be '변화').

Another common error is using '등락' when you only mean an 'increase' or only mean a 'decrease'. Remember, '등락' is a package deal—it implies both. If a stock price only went up today, you should use '상승' (increase). If it only went down, use '하락' (decrease). Using '등락' when the movement was one-directional is factually misleading in Korean. It suggests a zig-zag pattern, not a straight line.

Mistake 2: Using for One-Way Movement: Incorrect: "어제부터 가격이 계속 등락하고 있어요." (when it's only been going up).
Correct: "어제부터 가격이 계속 상승하고 있어요." (The price has been rising continuously since yesterday.)

수치가 등락을 거듭하다 (Repeatedly fluctuates) - This is the most natural usage.

A third mistake is grammatical: confusing '등락' with '오르내림'. While they mean the same thing, '오르내림' is a native Korean word (pure Korean) and '등락' is Sino-Korean (Hanja). '오르내림' is much more informal and physical. You can say '계단을 오르내리다' (go up and down stairs), but you can never say '계단을 등락하다'. '등락' is strictly for abstract values and prices. Mixing these up makes your Korean sound either unintentionally funny or highly unnatural.

Mistake 3: Physical vs. Abstract: Incorrect: "엘리베이터가 등락하고 있습니다." (The elevator is fluctuating.)
Correct: "엘리베이터가 오르내리고 있습니다." (The elevator is going up and down.)

기온의 등락 (Abstract/Numerical) vs. 산길의 오르내림 (Physical/Terrain).

Finally, watch out for the spelling of the Hanja-derived words. Some learners confuse '등락' (騰落) with '등락' (登樂 - a rare term for enjoying music). While the pronunciation is the same, the context will always clarify that we are talking about prices. Also, ensure you don't confuse it with '단락' (paragraph) or '탈락' (drop out/elimination), which sound somewhat similar but have entirely different meanings. Accurate pronunciation of the 'ㄹ' sound in '락' is key to being understood correctly in a professional setting.

To truly master 등락, it is helpful to compare it with its synonyms and related terms. The most direct synonym is 변동 (變動). While '등락' specifically emphasizes the up-and-down motion, '변동' is a broader term for any change or fluctuation. In many financial contexts, they are interchangeable, but '변동' is slightly more common when discussing 'volatility' as a general concept (e.g., 변동성 - volatility). '등락' is more descriptive of the actual visual pattern of the data.

등락 vs. 변동: 등락: Focuses on the specific 'rise and fall' movement. (e.g., 주가의 등락)
변동: Focuses on the fact that something has changed or shifted. (e.g., 계획의 변동 - change in plans)

시세 등락 (Market price fluctuation) vs. 시세 변동 (Market price change).

Another related term is 기복 (起伏). This word also means 'ups and downs', but it is often used for less quantifiable things, such as emotions, life experiences, or the terrain of a mountain. While you can say '감정의 기복' (emotional ups and downs), you would never say '감정의 등락'. Conversely, '주가의 기복' is possible but sounds much more poetic and less technical than '주가의 등락'. Use '기복' for the 'waves' of life and '등락' for the 'waves' of the economy.

등락 vs. 기복: 등락: Technical, numerical, financial. (e.g., 환율의 등락)
기복: Emotional, physical, metaphorical. (e.g., 심한 감정 기복)

성적의 등락 (Fluctuation of grades) vs. 인생의 기복 (Ups and downs of life).

For a more native Korean alternative, consider 오르내림. As mentioned in the mistakes section, this is the 'everyday' version of '등락'. It is used in casual conversation and for physical movements. If you are talking to a friend about how the price of apples at the local mart keeps changing, '오르내림' sounds much more natural than the academic '등락'. Using '등락' in a grocery store might make you sound like an economics professor buying fruit!

가격의 오르내림이 심하다 (Casual) vs. 가격의 등락이 심하다 (Formal).

Lastly, consider the term 증감 (增減). This means 'increase and decrease'. While similar to '등락', '증감' is often used to compare two points in time (e.g., '전년 대비 증감' - increase/decrease compared to last year). '등락' emphasizes the process of moving up and down continuously, while '증감' focuses on the net change between start and end. Understanding these subtle differences will allow you to choose the exact right word for any statistical situation in Korean.

등락 vs. 증감: 등락: The process of fluctuating. (The path of the line graph).
증감: The amount of change. (The difference between two numbers).

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The character 騰 (등) contains the 'horse' (馬) radical, suggesting a horse leaping or galloping upward. The character 落 (락) contains the 'grass' (艹) and 'water' (氵) radicals, originally referring to leaves falling into water.

Guide de prononciation

UK /dɯŋ.nak/

US /dʊŋ.nɑk/

In Korean, stress is generally equal across syllables, but a slight emphasis on the first syllable '등' is common in clear speech.

Rime avec

하락 (Ha-rak) 폭락 (Pok-rak) 급락 (Geup-rak) 추락 (Chu-rak) 몰락 (Mol-rak) 누락 (Nu-rak) 탈락 (Tal-rak) 단락 (Dan-rak)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing '락' as a hard English 'L' (Luck).
Confusing the 'u' sound in '등' with 'o' (Dong).
Failing to make the final 'k' in '락' an unreleased stop.
Pronouncing it as 'Deung-ra-keu' with an added vowel at the end.
Confusing it with 'Deung-dae' (lighthouse).

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 4/5

Requires knowledge of Hanja-based economic terms.

Écriture 4/5

Needs correct spelling and appropriate formal context.

Expression orale 3/5

Common in news but less so in basic daily speech.

Écoute 4/5

Frequent in financial news; must distinguish from similar sounding words.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

오르다 내리다 가격 숫자 변화

Apprends ensuite

폭등 폭락 급등 급락 보합

Avancé

거시경제 미시경제 유동성 변동성 모멘텀

Grammaire à connaître

Noun + 을/를 거듭하다

실패를 거듭하다, 등락을 거듭하다

Noun + 에 따른

결과에 따른 책임, 등락에 따른 영향

Hanja Compound Nouns

등락폭, 등락률, 등락주

Noun + 이/가 심하다

통증이 심하다, 등락이 심하다

Noun + 을/를 보이다

관심을 보이다, 등락을 보이다

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Exemples par niveau

사과 가격의 등락이 있어요.

There is a rise and fall in apple prices.

Simple noun + subject marker '이'.

기온 등락이 커요.

The temperature fluctuation is big.

Noun + noun compound.

점수가 등락해요.

The scores go up and down.

Noun used as a verb with '해요'.

돈의 등락이 무서워요.

The rise and fall of money is scary.

Possessive marker '의'.

값이 등락합니다.

The value rises and falls.

Formal ending '-(습)니다'.

등락을 봐요.

Look at the fluctuation.

Object marker '을'.

수치가 등락해요.

The numbers fluctuate.

Subject '수치' (numerical value).

매일 등락이 있어요.

There are fluctuations every day.

Adverb '매일' (every day).

요즘 배추 가격의 등락이 심합니다.

The fluctuation of cabbage prices is severe these days.

Adjective '심하다' (to be severe).

주식의 등락을 확인하세요.

Check the rise and fall of the stock.

Imperative '-(으)세요'.

기름값이 등락을 반복해요.

Gas prices repeat rising and falling.

Verb '반복하다' (to repeat).

Synonymes

변동 오르내림 기복

Antonymes

안정 고정

Collocations courantes

등락을 거듭하다

등락폭이 크다

등락률을 기록하다

심한 등락

지지율 등락

가격 등락

등락을 보이다

환율 등락

등락이 엇갈리다

급격한 등락

Phrases Courantes

등락폭

— The range between the highest and lowest price.

오늘 등락폭은 5%였습니다.

등락률

— The percentage rate of fluctuation.

등락률이 가장 높은 주식을 찾으세요.

등락주선

— A technical stock indicator (Advance-Decline Line).

등락주선을 분석하여 시장 흐름을 파악한다.

등락이 심하다

— To have severe fluctuations.

이 종목은 등락이 너무 심해요.

등락을 반복하다

— To repeat the rise and fall.

가격이 등락을 반복하며 제자리를 찾았다.

등락이 없다

— To have no fluctuation.

이 상품은 가격 등락이 거의 없어요.

등락을 예측하다

— To predict the fluctuation.

미래의 가격 등락을 예측하기는 어렵다.

등락에 민감하다

— To be sensitive to fluctuations.

그는 주가 등락에 매우 민감하게 반응한다.

등락이 멈추다

— Fluctuations stop.

드디어 가격 등락이 멈추고 안정되었습니다.

등락의 원인

— The cause of the fluctuation.

이번 가격 등락의 원인은 무엇인가요?

Souvent confondu avec

등락 vs 변동

General change vs. specific up-and-down movement.

등락 vs 기복

Emotional/physical waves vs. numerical/financial fluctuations.

등락 vs 증감

Net increase/decrease vs. continuous process of moving both ways.

Expressions idiomatiques

"인생은 등락의 연속이다"

— Life is a series of ups and downs. Similar to 'Life is a roller coaster'.

인생은 등락의 연속이니 너무 슬퍼하지 마세요.

Formal/Philosophical

"파도를 타듯 등락하다"

— To fluctuate like riding waves. Describes a rhythmic rising and falling.

경기가 파도를 타듯 등락하고 있다.

Literary

"널뛰기 등락"

— Fluctuating like a see-saw (Neolttwigi). Describes extremely violent and sudden changes.

주가가 널뛰기 등락을 보이고 있어 주의가 필요합니다.

Journalistic

"등락의 소용돌이"

— A whirlpool of fluctuations. Describes a chaotic and unstable market.

시장이 등락의 소용돌이에 빠졌다.

Literary

"등락을 같이하다"

— To share the same fate of rising and falling together.

두 회사는 운명을 등락을 같이하며 성장했다.

Formal

"안갯속 등락"

— Fluctuation in the fog. Describes movement when the future direction is unclear.

증시는 안갯속 등락을 이어갔다.

Journalistic

"등락의 끝"

— The end of fluctuations. Refers to reaching a point of stability or a final result.

오랜 등락의 끝에 가격이 결정되었다.

Neutral

"등락의 폭풍"

— A storm of fluctuations. Describes a period of extreme volatility.

경제 위기로 등락의 폭풍이 몰아쳤다.

Literary

"등락을 견디다"

— To endure the ups and downs. Often used for long-term investors.

등락을 견디는 자가 결국 승리한다.

Motivational

"등락의 법칙"

— The law of fluctuation. The idea that what goes up must come down.

시장에는 등락의 법칙이 존재한다.

Academic

Facile à confondre

등락 vs 오르내림

Both mean 'up and down'.

등락 is formal/Sino-Korean for data; 오르내림 is native/informal and can be physical.

계단의 오르내림 (O), 계단의 등락 (X)

등락 vs 단락

Similar sound.

단락 means 'paragraph' or 'disconnection'.

글의 단락을 나누다.

등락 vs 탈락

Similar sound.

탈락 means 'elimination' or 'dropping out'.

오디션에서 탈락하다.

등락 vs 추락

Ends with '락'.

추락 means 'falling down/crashing' (usually a disaster).

비행기가 추락했다.

등락 vs 폭락

Ends with '락'.

폭락 means a 'sudden/sharp crash' in price, not a fluctuation.

주가가 폭락했다.

Structures de phrases

A의 등락이 심하다

물가의 등락이 심하다.

A가 등락을 반복하다

가격이 등락을 반복한다.

A의 등락을 거듭하다

주가가 등락을 거듭하고 있다.

A의 등락폭이 크다/작다

환율의 등락폭이 매우 크다.

A의 등락률이 B에 달하다

주가 등락률이 10%에 달했다.

A의 등락이 엇갈리다

지수별로 등락이 엇갈렸다.

A의 등락을 제어하다/조절하다

정부는 가격 등락을 제어하려 노력한다.

A의 등락에 예의주시하다

투자자들은 금리 등락에 예의주시하고 있다.

Famille de mots

Noms

등락 (fluctuation)

등락폭 (fluctuation range)

등락률 (fluctuation rate)

등락주 (fluctuating stock)

Verbes

등락하다 (to fluctuate)

등락시키다 (to cause to fluctuate)

Adjectifs

등락이 심한 (highly volatile)

등락이 잦은 (frequently fluctuating)

Apparenté

상승 (rise)

하락 (fall)

변동 (change)

기복 (ups and downs)

보합 (steady)

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

High in news and business contexts; Low in casual domestic contexts.

Erreurs courantes

Using '등락' for physical objects. → 오르내림
You cannot say 'The cat is 등락ing the tree'. '등락' is only for abstract values.
Using '등락' for one-way movement. → 상승 or 하락
If the price only went up, don't use '등락'. '등락' requires both up and down.
Confusing '등락' with '단락'. → 등락
'단락' means paragraph. '등락' means fluctuation. They sound similar but are different.
Using '등락' for emotions. → 기복
Emotions use '기복' (ups and downs). '등락' is too technical for feelings.
Incorrect spelling '등낙'. → 등락
The second syllable is '락' (落). Because of the 'ng' sound before it, it is pronounced like 'nang' (등낙), but spelled '등락'.

Astuces

Watch the News

Watch the 5-minute economy segment of any Korean news channel. You will hear '등락' at least three times. This is the best way to hear it in context.

Pair with '심하다'

The most common adjective for '등락' is '심하다' (severe). Use '등락이 심해요' to describe anything unstable.

Learn the Hanja

Knowing 騰 (Rise) and 落 (Fall) helps you understand many other words. 락 (落) is also in '하락' (fall) and '폭락' (crash).

Use in Business

If you work in a Korean company, use '등락' in your reports to describe sales or market trends. It will make your Korean sound very advanced.

TOPIK II Tip

'등락' often appears in the reading section of TOPIK II, especially in articles about social trends or the economy. Memorize its meaning and common collocations.

Collocation Magic

Instead of just saying '가격이 등락해요', say '가격이 등락을 거듭하고 있습니다'. The latter is much more natural and professional.

Identify the Range

When you hear '등락폭', look for a percentage or a number immediately after. That is the range of the fluctuation.

Real Estate Context

In Korea, '집값 등락' is a huge topic. If you know this word, you can understand many conversations about people's homes and wealth.

등락 vs. 기복

Remember: Prices '등락', but feelings '기복'. Don't mix them up!

Up-Down Elevator

Imagine the Hanja characters as an elevator going up to the top floor (등) and then dropping to the basement (락).

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of a 'Dung' (등) beetle rolling a ball 'Up' a hill and then letting it 'Rock' (락) and 'Fall' back down.

Association visuelle

A green 'Up' arrow and a red 'Down' arrow placed side-by-side on a stock market screen.

Word Web

주식 (Stock) 가격 (Price) 환율 (Exchange rate) 그래프 (Graph) 변동 (Volatility) 상승 (Rise) 하락 (Fall) 시장 (Market)

Défi

Write three sentences about how the price of your favorite food has shown '등락' over the past year.

Origine du mot

Derived from Sino-Korean (Hanja) roots. 騰 (등) means 'to rise' or 'to soar', and 落 (락) means 'to fall' or 'to drop'.

Sens originel : The literal rising and falling of an object or value.

Sino-Korean (Hanja-based vocabulary).

Contexte culturel

Be careful when discussing '등락' in personal wealth with Koreans, as it can be a sensitive topic depending on whether someone has lost money.

English speakers might use 'ups and downs' or 'volatility'. '등락' is more formal than 'ups and downs' but less technical than 'volatility index'.

KOSPI market reports News coverage of the 1997 IMF Crisis Real estate 'Gangnam style' price analysis

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Stock Market

주가 등락
등락을 거듭하다
코스피 등락
등락폭

Real Estate

집값 등락
부동산 시장 등락
아파트 가격 등락
등락률

Politics

지지율 등락
여론 조사 등락
정치적 등락
등락이 뚜렷하다

Weather/Environment

기온 등락
수위 등락
강수량 등락
등락이 잦다

General Business

매출 등락
수요 등락
원자재 가격 등락
등락에 대비하다

Amorces de conversation

"요즘 주식 시장의 등락이 심한데, 어떻게 생각하세요?"

"비트코인의 급격한 등락 때문에 손해를 본 사람들이 많대요."

"우리 동네 아파트 가격 등락폭이 작년보다 커진 것 같아요."

"환율 등락 때문에 해외 여행 가기가 망설여지네요."

"대통령 지지율 등락의 가장 큰 원인이 무엇이라고 보시나요?"

Sujets d'écriture

오늘 내가 관찰한 가격의 등락에 대해 써보세요. (예: 점심 메뉴 가격, 기름값 등)

나의 감정 상태의 등락을 그래프로 그려보고 그 이유를 설명해 보세요.

최근 한국 뉴스에서 본 가장 인상 깊은 '등락' 사례는 무엇인가요?

자산 가치의 등락에 휘둘리지 않으려면 어떤 마음가짐이 필요할까요?

역사 속에서 한 국가의 국력이 등락했던 사례를 하나 골라 서술해 보세요.

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

You can use it for '기온' (temperature) in a formal report, but you cannot use it for '날씨' (weather) in general. Saying '날씨의 등락' is incorrect because weather isn't a single numerical value.

등락 specifically implies moving both up AND down. 변동 is a broader term for any change. If a price only goes up, it is a '변동' but not a '등락'.

Not usually. In daily life, Koreans prefer '오르락내리락' or '왔다 갔다'. If you use '등락' with friends, you might sound like a news reporter.

You say '가격 등락' or '물가 등락'.

Yes, you can say '등락하다', but it is more common as a noun combined with other verbs like '등락을 보이다' or '등락을 거듭하다'.

It is the difference between the high and low point of a value during a certain time. A 'high 등락폭' means a very volatile day.

Mostly, but it can also be used for approval ratings (지지율), scores (점수), or any numerical data that changes frequently.

The most common opposite in a market context is '보합' (steady/unchanged) or '안정' (stability).

It is neutral. It just describes movement. However, '심한 등락' (severe fluctuation) usually implies a negative state of instability.

It sounds very clinical. '몸무게의 등락' sounds like a medical report. Usually, people just say '몸무게가 왔다 갔다 해요'.

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