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A2 adjective #7,000 le plus courant 9 min de lecture

그르다

geureuda Top 7,000

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces 그르다 en 30 secondes

Explication 그르다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to worry too much about the deep moral meanings of '그르다'. Instead, focus on the very common expression '글렀어' (geulleosseo). You might hear this in dramas or from friends when something doesn't work out. For example, if you wanted to go outside but it starts raining, you can say '글렀어' to mean 'It's ruined' or 'I can't do it'. Just remember that it means 'wrong' or 'hopeless' in a simple way. It's an adjective, and it changes its shape to '글러' when we add endings like '어' or '요'. At this stage, just think of it as a word for 'Oh no, it's not going to work.'

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At the A2 level, you should start to see '그르다' as the opposite of '옳다' (to be right/correct). While '틀리다' is used for wrong answers on a quiz, '그르다' is used for things that are 'wrong' in a more general sense, like a 'wrong idea' or a 'wrong path'. You will see it used as '그른' before a noun, like '그른 생각' (a wrong thought). You should also practice the '르' irregular conjugation: 그르다 becomes 글러요 in the polite present tense. This level is about recognizing the word in simple sentences about choices and outcomes.

By B1, you should be comfortable using '그르다' to discuss ethics and simple logical fallacies. You'll encounter the phrase '옳고 그름' (right and wrong) frequently in reading passages. You should understand that '그르다' implies a deviation from a standard or a principle. For example, '그른 일을 하면 안 된다' (You shouldn't do wrong things). You should also be able to use the past tense '글렀다' naturally to describe situations that have become hopeless. At this level, you start to distinguish '그르다' from '틀리다' more clearly in your writing and speaking.

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At the B2 level, '그르다' is a tool for nuanced argumentation. You might use it to critique a policy, a character's motivation in a book, or a social trend. You should understand its derivative forms like '그릇되다' (to be mistaken/wronged) and how they differ. You'll use '그르다' in more complex grammar structures, such as '그르다고 생각하다' (to think that it is wrong) or '그를 수밖에 없다' (cannot help but be wrong). You should also recognize the word in more formal contexts like news reports or editorials where moral judgment is being passed on public events.

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At the C1 level, you should appreciate the literary and philosophical weight of '그르다'. You will encounter it in classical literature, high-level academic texts on ethics, and sophisticated political discourse. You should be able to discuss the nuances between '그르다', '부당하다' (unjust), and '사악하다' (evil). You'll understand how '그르다' can describe not just actions, but entire worldviews or historical directions. Your usage should be precise, using '그르다' to highlight a fundamental flaw in logic or morality that '틀리다' simply cannot express. You also understand the poetic use of '글렀다' in expressing existential despair or total failure.

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At the C2 level, you have a native-like grasp of '그르다'. You can use it to explain the etymological roots of Korean concepts of morality. you can distinguish between its use as a simple adjective and its function as a rhetorical device to shame or correct behavior. You are familiar with archaic or highly formal variations and can use the word in creative writing to evoke a specific tone—perhaps one of stern morality or tragic hopelessness. You can debate the social construction of '옳고 그름' fluently, using '그르다' with perfect register and emotional resonance.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

그르다 en 30 secondes

Primarily means 'wrong' or 'incorrect' in a moral or logical sense.
Functions as the direct opposite of '옳다' (to be right).
Uses '르' irregular conjugation, becoming '글러' before '아/어'.
Commonly used in the past tense '글렀다' to mean 'it's hopeless' or 'ruined'.

The Korean adjective 그르다 is a multifaceted word that primarily describes something that is not right, incorrect, or morally wrong. Unlike the more common word '틀리다' (teullida), which often refers to factual errors or incorrect answers on a test, 그르다 carries a heavier weight, often touching upon ethics, logic, or the fundamental nature of a situation. It suggests that a path, a decision, or a thought process deviates from the 'proper' or 'righteous' way (옳다). When you use this word, you are often making a value judgment or assessing the hopelessness of a situation.

Moral Wrongness: This word is frequently used to describe actions or thoughts that are ethically questionable. If someone chooses a path of corruption, a Korean speaker might say their way is '그르다'.
Hopelessness or Failure: In idiomatic usage, specifically in the form '글렀다' (the past tense/completed state), it means a situation has gone south and there is no hope for recovery. For example, if you miss the last train, you might sigh and say '오늘은 다 글렀다' (Today is all ruined/hopeless).

그의 생각은 근본부터 그르다.
Translation: His thinking is wrong from the very foundation.

In daily life, you might encounter this word in literature, news editorials, or formal debates where the speaker is distinguishing between right (옳다) and wrong (그르다). It is less common in casual spoken Korean than '틀리다', but it remains essential for understanding deeper philosophical or critical discussions. Understanding the nuance between 'factual incorrectness' and 'essential wrongness' is key to mastering this word.

이번 시험은 이미 글렀어.
Translation: This exam is already a lost cause (I've already failed/messed up).

Judgment of Character: Using '그르다' to describe a person's nature implies a deep-seated flaw in their moral compass. It's a very strong statement compared to saying someone made a mistake.

Historically, '그르다' has been paired with '옳다' to form the noun '옳고 그름' (right and wrong/morality). This pair is the standard way to discuss ethics in Korean. In modern slang or very casual contexts, you'll mostly hear the '글렀다' form to express disappointment or the realization that a plan won't work out. It conveys a sense of finality that '틀리다' doesn't quite capture.

Using 그르다 correctly requires an understanding of its irregular conjugation and its specific semantic range. As an adjective, it describes the state of a noun. It doesn't take an object like a verb would. Instead, it qualifies a subject. Because it is a '르' irregular, the 'ㅡ' is dropped and an extra 'ㄹ' is added to the preceding syllable when it meets a suffix starting with '아' or '어'.

도리에 그른 행동은 하지 마라.
Translation: Do not do things that are contrary to (wrong regarding) moral principles.

Standard Adjective Use: In its basic form, it modifies nouns to indicate they are 'wrong'. Example: '그른 판단' (A wrong judgment).
The '글렀다' Idiom: This is perhaps the most common way you will use the word in speech. It functions as a way to say 'it's over' or 'it's ruined'. Example: '시간이 늦어서 쇼핑은 다 글렀네.' (It's late, so shopping is out of the question/ruined).

When constructing sentences, pay attention to the particles. Often, 그르다 is used with the particle '-가/이' to indicate what is wrong. If you are comparing right and wrong, you might use '옳고 그름을 가리다' (to distinguish right from wrong). This is a very common set phrase in Korean writing.

그는 옳고 그름에 대한 기준이 엄격하다.
Translation: He has strict standards for right and wrong.

In formal settings, you might see the phrase '그릇되다' (geureot-doeda), which is a related verb form meaning 'to go wrong' or 'to be mistaken'. However, '그르다' remains the foundational adjective. If you are a student, you might use '그르다' when discussing literature or ethics. If you are working in a Korean office, you might hear '글렀다' when a project deadline is missed or a deal falls through.

Conditional Use: When used with '-면' (if), it becomes '그르면'. Example: '방향이 그르면 도착할 수 없다.' (If the direction is wrong, you cannot arrive.)

While 그르다 might seem like a word found only in dusty philosophy books, it actually pops up in several specific real-world contexts. Understanding these contexts will help you recognize the emotional and logical weight it carries. It's a word that bridges the gap between high-level ethics and everyday frustration.

아이에게 옳고 그름을 가르치는 것이 중요하다.
Context: Parenting and Education advice.

1. In Legal and Ethical Debates: News commentators and lawyers often use '그르다' when discussing whether a public figure's actions were just. It is preferred over '틀리다' in these cases because it implies a violation of principles rather than just a factual error. You'll hear it in phrases like '그른 길을 걷다' (walking the wrong path/living unethically).

2. In Sageuk (Historical Dramas): If you watch Korean historical dramas, you will hear this word constantly. Kings, scholars, and rebels often argue about '옳고 그름' (righteousness and wrongness). It fits the formal, principled tone of historical speech perfectly.

이번 생은 망했어, 다 글렀어!
Context: A dramatic expression of frustration among friends.

3. Everyday Frustration (The '글렀다' form): This is the most 'street-level' version of the word. You'll hear people say this when they've given up on something. If it starts raining during a planned picnic, someone might say, '에휴, 오늘 나들이는 글렀네' (Sigh, today's outing is ruined/no hope). It's a very natural way to express that a plan has been thwarted by circumstances.

4. Literature and Proverbs: Many Korean proverbs and classic novels use '그르다' to discuss human nature. It provides a sense of gravity and timelessness to the writing. Authors use it to describe a character's internal struggle with a 'wrong' desire or a 'wrong' choice.

5. Parenting: Parents use this word when teaching children about behavior. '그른 행동' (wrong behavior) is a common term used in educational materials to help kids identify what they shouldn't do. It sounds more instructive and authoritative than just saying '나쁜 행동' (bad behavior).

The most common mistake learners make with 그르다 is confusing it with its more common cousin, 틀리다. While they both translate to 'wrong' in English, their usage in Korean is quite distinct. Using '그르다' when you should use '틀리다' can make you sound overly dramatic or archaic, while using '틀리다' when you mean '그르다' might miss the moral nuance you intended.

Mistake 1: Using '그르다' for Math or Facts: If you say '1+1은 그르다', it sounds like you're saying 1+1 is morally corrupt or fundamentally evil. For factual errors, always use 틀리다.
Mistake 2: Conjugation Errors: Many learners forget the '르' irregular rule. They might say '그르어' or '그러' instead of the correct 글러. Remember: 르 + 어 = ㄹ러.

❌ 이 답은 그르다. (This answer is morally wrong? No.)
✅ 이 답은 틀렸다. (This answer is incorrect.)

Another mistake is the confusion with '다르다' (to be different). Because both are '르' irregulars, students often mix up the stems. '다르다' becomes '달라', and '그르다' becomes '글러'. In the heat of conversation, it's easy to slip up. Make sure to associate '글러' with the 'L' sound in 'Lose' or 'Lost' to remember its negative connotation of 'wrong' or 'failed'.

Lastly, learners often underuse the idiomatic '글렀다'. They might try to use complex sentences to say 'I can't do it anymore' when a simple '다 글렀다' would be much more natural. Don't be afraid to use the past tense '글렀다' to describe a current hopeless situation—it's a very 'native' way of speaking.

❌ 길이 그르다. (The road is morally wrong? No.)
✅ 길이 잘못됐다. (The road is the wrong one.)
✅ 그가 그른 길을 선택했다. (He chose a [morally] wrong path.)

To truly master 그르다, you must know how it compares to its synonyms. Korean has many words for 'wrong' or 'incorrect', each with a specific flavor. Choosing the right one depends on whether you're talking about facts, morals, mistakes, or bad luck.

그르다 vs. 틀리다 (Teullida): This is the most important comparison. 틀리다 is for factual errors (2+2=5). 그르다 is for moral or fundamental wrongness. However, in very casual speech, '틀리다' is often used where '그르다' used to be, but '그르다' remains the more precise choice for ethics.
그르다 vs. 잘못되다 (Jalmot-doeda): 잘못되다 literally means 'to become wrong'. It's often used for things that went wrong due to a mistake or an accident. '그르다' is more about the state of being wrong itself.
그르다 vs. 부당하다 (Budang-hada): 부당하다 means 'unjust' or 'unfair'. It's a more formal, legalistic term. While '그르다' is a general sense of wrong, '부당하다' specifically targets a lack of fairness or violation of rights.

그의 행동은 그르다 못해 비겁하기까지 하다.
Translation: His behavior is not just wrong; it's even cowardly.

When you want to express that something is 'no good' or 'unpromising', you can use 틀려먹다 (teullyeo-meokda). This is a very cynical, slangy version of '글렀다'. It implies that something is 'rotten' or 'hopeless' from the start. Use it only with close friends as it sounds quite harsh.

In summary, use 그르다 for moral judgments or to say a plan is ruined. Use 틀리다 for facts. Use 잘못되다 for errors in a process. Use 부당하다 for unfair situations. Having these distinctions in your pocket will make your Korean sound much more sophisticated and precise.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The word '그르다' is often paired with '옳다' (right). Interestingly, '옳다' is related to '올바르다' (straight/correct), while '그르다' historically relates to things being 'twisted' or 'crooked'.

Guide de prononciation

UK /ɡɯ.ɾɯ.da/

US /ɡɯ.ɾɯ.da/

In Korean, syllables generally have equal weight, but the first syllable may have a slight natural emphasis.

Rime avec

모르다 (mo-reu-da) 다르다 (da-reu-da) 마르다 (ma-reu-da) 부르다 (bu-reu-da) 자르다 (ja-reu-da) 기르다 (gi-reu-da) 흐르다 (heu-reu-da) 나르다 (na-reu-da)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing 'ㅡ' like 'u' in 'blue' (lips should be flat).
Confusing '글러' (geul-leo) with '그려' (geu-ryeo).
Over-rolling the 'r' sound.
Failing to double the 'ㄹ' in the '글러' form.
Mixing it up with '그리다' (to draw).

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 3/5

Easy to recognize, but must distinguish from similar-looking words.

Écriture 4/5

Requires knowledge of '르' irregular conjugation.

Expression orale 3/5

Idiomatic '글렀다' is very common and useful.

Écoute 3/5

Clear pronunciation, but fast speech '글러' can be tricky.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

옳다 틀리다 다르다 나쁘다

Apprends ensuite

그릇되다 그르치다 부당하다 정당하다

Avancé

사리에 어긋나다 비도덕적 윤리 가치관

Grammaire à connaître

르 Irregular Adjectives

그르다 -> 글러요, 다르다 -> 달라요

-ㄴ/은 (Noun Modifier)

그른 생각, 옳은 판단

-ㅁ/음 (Nominalization)

옳고 그름

-어 버리다 (Completion/Regret)

글러 버렸다

-지 않다 (Negation)

그르지 않다

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Exemples par niveau

이미 글렀어요.

It's already hopeless / It's already ruined.

Past tense '글렀어요' is used for current hopeless situations.

오늘 공부는 다 글렀다.

Today's studying is all ruined.

Casual style ending with '-다'.

그 생각은 글러요.

That idea is wrong.

Polite present tense '글러요'.

비가 와서 소풍은 글렀네.

It's raining, so the picnic is ruined.

'-네' ending expresses realization.

옳고 그름을 알아요?

Do you know right and wrong?

'-ㅁ' makes the adjective into a noun.

그건 그른 일이에요.

That is a wrong thing (to do).

'그른' modifies the noun '일'.

길이 글러서 늦었어요.

The way was wrong, so I was late.

'-어서' shows cause and effect.

다 글렀어, 집에 가자.

It's all ruined, let's go home.

Informal casual speech.

그른 길로 가지 마세요.

Don't go down the wrong path.

'그른' is the attributive form.

친구의 그른 행동을 말렸어요.

I stopped my friend's wrong behavior.

Past tense '말렸어요'.

이것은 도리에 그른 일이다.

This is a thing that is wrong according to duty.

Formal declarative '-다' ending.

계획이 처음부터 글러 있었다.

The plan was wrong from the beginning.

'-어 있었다' shows a continuing state.

그렇게 하면 일이 글러요.

If you do it that way, the work will go wrong.

'-면' conditional.

어떤 것이 그른지 생각해보세요.

Think about which one is wrong.

'-ㄴ지' indirect question.

그의 판단은 그르지 않았다.

His judgment was not wrong.

'-지 않다' negation.

거짓말은 그른 행동이에요.

Lying is a wrong action.

Topic marker '-은'.

옳고 그름을 가리는 것은 어렵다.

Distinguishing right from wrong is difficult.

'-는 것' makes the phrase a subject.

그른 것을 보고 참을 수 없었다.

I couldn't stand seeing something wrong.

'-ㄹ 수 없었다' shows inability.

이미 글러 버린 일에 미련을 두지 마라.

Don't linger on things that have already gone wrong.

'-어 버리다' emphasizes completion.

그가 그른 선택을 한 이유는 무엇일까?

What is the reason he made a wrong choice?

Modifier '한' (past) and '그른' (adjective).

사회적으로 그른 관습은 고쳐야 한다.

Socially wrong customs must be fixed.

'-어야 한다' shows obligation.

그들의 주장은 근거가 그르다.

The basis of their argument is wrong.

Subject-predicate structure.

글러 먹은 태도는 성공할 수 없다.

A rotten attitude cannot succeed.

'-어 먹다' adds a cynical nuance.

어린 시절부터 옳고 그름을 배웠다.

I learned right and wrong from childhood.

'-부터' indicates start time.

그는 자신의 그름을 인정하지 않았다.

He did not admit his wrongness (mistake).

Noun form '그름' used as an object.

방법이 그르면 결과도 좋을 수 없다.

If the method is wrong, the result cannot be good either.

Conditional '그르면'.

양심에 그른 짓은 죽어도 못 한다.

I can't do something wrong against my conscience even if I die.

'-어도' means 'even if'.

사태가 이 지경이니 이번 사업은 글렀다.

Since the situation is like this, this business is ruined.

'-으니' shows reason.

그른 정보를 믿고 투자했다가 손해를 봤다.

I invested believing wrong information and suffered a loss.

'-다가' shows a change in state/action.

무엇이 그른지 정확히 지적해 주세요.

Please point out exactly what is wrong.

'-어 주세요' is a request.

그릇된 욕심이 그를 파멸로 이끌었다.

Mistaken greed led him to ruin.

'그릇된' is a common past-participle form.

사회의 옳고 그름이 뒤바뀐 느낌이다.

It feels like the right and wrong of society have been reversed.

'-ㄴ 느낌이다' expresses a feeling.

역사는 무엇이 옳고 그른지 증명할 것이다.

History will prove what is right and wrong.

Future tense with 'ㄹ 것이다'.

그른 가치관이 한 사람의 인생을 망친다.

Wrong values ruin a person's life.

Generic present tense for truth.

철학적 관점에서 그름의 기준은 모호하다.

From a philosophical perspective, the standard of wrongness is vague.

'-적' suffix for 'perspective'.

그는 대의를 위해 그른 길을 택하지 않았다.

He did not choose the wrong path for the sake of the greater good.

'-를 위해' means 'for the sake of'.

글러 가던 전세를 역전시키는 데 성공했다.

He succeeded in reversing the tide that was going wrong.

'-던' describes a past ongoing state.

그른 신념은 맹목적인 추종보다 위험하다.

Wrong beliefs are more dangerous than blind following.

'-보다' comparison.

정의롭지 못한 자들이 옳고 그름을 논한다.

Unjust people discuss right and wrong.

Contrasting relative clauses.

그의 논리는 전제부터가 그르다.

His logic is wrong from the very premise.

Emphasis particle '-가'.

인간의 본성이 그르다는 주장은 비관적이다.

The claim that human nature is wrong (evil) is pessimistic.

Noun clause with '-다는'.

그른 것은 그르다고 말할 수 있는 용기가 필요하다.

The courage to say what is wrong is wrong is needed.

Nested clauses.

시대의 흐름이 그른 방향으로 치닫고 있다.

The flow of the times is rushing in the wrong direction.

'-고 있다' progressive.

그릇된 통념을 타파하는 것이 지식인의 의무다.

It is the duty of an intellectual to break down mistaken common notions.

Nominalization with '-는 것'.

이미 글러 버린 대세에 저항하는 것은 무모하다.

Resisting a trend that has already gone wrong is reckless.

Complex modifiers.

도덕적 그름을 합리화하려는 시도는 비겁하다.

Attempts to rationalize moral wrongness are cowardly.

'-으려는' expresses intent.

그의 삶은 옳고 그름의 경계에서 위태로웠다.

His life was precarious on the border of right and wrong.

Metaphorical usage.

법과 도덕 사이에서 무엇이 그른지 고뇌했다.

I agonized over what was wrong between law and morality.

'-사이에서' means 'between'.

Collocations courantes

옳고 그름

판단이 그르다

이미 글렀다

도리에 그르다

생각이 그르다

방향이 그르다

선택이 그르다

정보가 그르다

방법이 그르다

글러 먹다

Phrases Courantes

글렀어

— It's hopeless / It's ruined.

비가 오네, 소풍은 글렀어.

옳고 그름을 가리다

— To distinguish right from wrong.

아이들에게 옳고 그름을 가리는 법을 가르쳐야 한다.

그른 길로 빠지다

— To fall into the wrong path (delinquency).

그는 나쁜 친구들을 만나 그른 길로 빠졌다.

근본이 그르다

— To be wrong from the foundation.

그 계획은 근본이 글러서 성공할 수 없다.

다 글러 먹었다

— Everything is completely ruined/useless.

준비가 안 됐으니 다 글러 먹었네.

그른 판단을 내리다

— To make a wrong judgment.

화가 나서 그른 판단을 내리고 말았다.

무엇이 그른지 알다

— To know what is wrong.

자신이 무엇이 그른지 알아야 고칠 수 있다.

행동이 그르다

— Behavior is wrong/inappropriate.

그의 행동은 어른으로서 그르다.

세상이 그르다

— The world is wrong/unjust.

가끔은 세상이 그르다는 생각이 든다.

글러 가다

— To be going wrong.

일이 점점 이상하게 글러 가고 있다.

Souvent confondu avec

그르다 vs 틀리다

틀리다 is for facts/answers; 그르다 is for morals/hopelessness.

그르다 vs 그리다

그리다 means 'to draw' or 'to miss'. Conjugations look similar (글러 vs 그려).

그르다 vs 다르다

다르다 means 'to be different'. Both are '르' irregulars (달라 vs 글러).

Expressions idiomatiques

"싹수가 글렀다"

— Showing no sign of success; being a hopeless case from the start.

그 녀석은 싹수가 글러 먹었어.

Informal/Harsh

"이미 글러 버린 몸"

— A body (or person) that is already ruined/beyond help.

나는 이미 글러 버린 몸이야.

Dramatic/Literary

"옳고 그름을 따지다"

— To argue about who is right and who is wrong.

지금 옳고 그름을 따질 때가 아니야.

Neutral

"글러도 한참 글렀다"

— To be wrong by a long shot / far from the mark.

네 예상은 글러도 한참 글렀어.

Casual

"정신 상태가 글러 먹다"

— One's mental state/attitude is rotten.

요즘 애들은 정신 상태가 글러 먹었어.

Critical/Older generation

"이번 생은 글렀다"

— This life is ruined (a common humorous expression of despair).

시험 망했다, 이번 생은 글렀어.

Slang/Internet

"글러 먹은 놈"

— A hopeless/good-for-nothing fellow.

저런 글러 먹은 놈이랑 놀지 마.

Insulting

"첫 단추부터 글렀다"

— Started wrong from the very first button (the very beginning).

이 프로젝트는 첫 단추부터 글렀어.

Metaphorical

"천성이 그르다"

— One's nature is fundamentally wrong/evil.

그는 천성이 그른 사람이다.

Formal/Literary

"글러 가도 한참 글러 가다"

— To be heading in the wrong direction significantly.

대화가 글러 가도 한참 글러 가고 있다.

Descriptive

Facile à confondre

그르다 vs 틀리다

Both mean 'wrong' in English.

틀리다 is for objective facts. 그르다 is for subjective morals or situational failure.

수학 문제가 틀렸다 (Math is wrong) vs 행동이 그르다 (Action is wrong).

그르다 vs 그리다

Spelling is similar.

그리다 is a verb (to draw). 그르다 is an adjective (to be wrong).

그림을 그려요 (I draw a picture) vs 일이 글러요 (Work is going wrong).

그르다 vs 고르다

Both are '르' irregulars.

고르다 means 'to choose' or 'to be even'.

사과를 골라요 (I choose an apple) vs 판단이 글러요 (The judgment is wrong).

그르다 vs 부르다

Both are '르' irregulars.

부르다 means 'to call' or 'to be full'.

노래를 불러요 (I sing a song) vs 계획이 글러요 (The plan is wrong).

그르다 vs 지르다

Both are '르' irregulars.

지르다 means 'to shout' or 'to poke'.

소리를 질러요 (I shout) vs 이미 글렀어 (It's already hopeless).

Structures de phrases

이미 글렀어요.

버스가 떠나서 이미 글렀어요.

그른 N

그른 길로 가지 마.

옳고 그름을 V

아이들은 옳고 그름을 배워야 해요.

N이/가 그르다

그의 판단이 그르다.

그르다고 보다

많은 사람들이 그 정책이 그르다고 본다.

그름의 기준

그름의 기준은 시대에 따라 변한다.

글러 먹다

태도부터 글러 먹었어.

글러서 ...

날씨가 글러서 못 가요.

Famille de mots

Noms

그름 (wrongness/error)

그릇 (fault - rarely used alone)

옳고 그름 (morality)

Verbes

그릇되다 (to be wrong/mistaken)

그르치다 (to spoil/ruin/mess up)

Adjectifs

그르다 (wrong)

Apparenté

틀리다

잘못

오해

실수

부당

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

High (especially in the '글렀다' form)

Erreurs courantes

1+1은 그르다. → 1+1은 틀리다.
그르다 is for morals/logic; 틀리다 is for factual errors.
길이 그러요. → 길이 글러요.
The '르' irregular requires adding an extra 'ㄹ' to the previous syllable.
그림을 글러요. → 그림을 그려요.
그르다 (wrong) vs 그리다 (draw). Don't mix up the stems.
그가 그른 사람이에요 (meant 'different'). → 그가 다른 사람이에요.
그르다 (wrong) vs 다르다 (different).
옳고 틀림. → 옳고 그름.
While '틀림' is understood, '옳고 그름' is the standard set phrase for 'right and wrong'.

Astuces

Master the '르' Irregular

Whenever you see a word ending in '르다', remember the 'ㄹㄹ' rule for '아/어' endings. 그르다 -> 글러, 다르다 -> 달라, 빠르다 -> 빨라.

The 'Hopeless' Nuance

Use '글렀다' when you want to express that a plan is ruined. It adds a native flavor to your frustration that '안 돼' (it doesn't work) doesn't quite have.

Pair with '옳다'

Learn '옳고 그름' as a single block. It's the standard way to say 'morality' or 'right and wrong'.

Be Careful with Criticism

Calling someone's opinion '그르다' is much harsher than saying it's '틀리다'. Use '옳지 않은 것 같아요' to be more polite.

Listen for the 'ㄹ' sound

In '글러', the double 'ㄹ' makes a very distinct sound compared to '그려' (draw). Practice hearing the difference.

Use in Essays

In TOPIK essays, use '그르다' when discussing social issues or ethics to show a higher level of vocabulary.

Sageuk Connection

Watch historical dramas to hear how '그르다' is used by scholars and kings to discuss righteousness.

Gleu = Glue

Think: If the plan is 'Gleu-ed' (글러) to the floor, it can't move forward. It's stuck/wrong/hopeless.

Check the Premise

If the foundation of an argument is wrong, use '전제가 그르다'. It sounds very professional.

Internet Despair

On the Korean internet, you'll see '이번 생은 글렀다' (This life is ruined) used as a joke when someone makes a small mistake.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Imagine a girl named 'Gleu' (글러) who always 'Loses' because she makes the 'Wrong' choices. 'Gleu' = 'Wrong/Lost'.

Association visuelle

A road sign with a huge red 'X' over a path leading into a dark forest. Below it, the word '그르다' is written.

Word Web

옳다 (Opposite) 틀리다 (Synonym) 글렀다 (Hopeless) 도리 (Morality) 판단 (Judgment) 행동 (Action) 그릇되다 (Related verb) 그르치다 (To ruin)

Défi

Try to use '글렀다' three times today whenever you feel like something isn't going to work out (e.g., 'Oh, the bus is late, 글렀어!').

Origine du mot

Derived from Middle Korean '그르다'. It has been a core part of the Korean lexicon for centuries to denote deviation from truth or rightness.

Sens originel : To be incorrect, to be crooked, to be deviated.

Koreanic

Contexte culturel

Calling someone's thoughts '그르다' is a very strong, direct criticism. Use it with caution in polite company.

English speakers often use 'wrong' for both facts and morals. In Korean, you must split these into '틀리다' (facts) and '그르다' (morals/hopelessness).

The phrase '옳고 그름을 가리다' appears in many historical dramas (Sageuk). Modern K-pop lyrics often use '글렀어' to describe a failed romance. Korean school ethics textbooks (Dodeok) use '그른 행동' extensively.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Failing a task

다 글렀다
이미 글렀어
이번엔 글렀네
글러 버렸어

Ethical discussion

옳고 그름
그른 행동
그른 가치관
도리에 그르다

Giving up

포기해, 글렀어
해봤자 글렀다
안 봐도 글렀네
글러 먹었어

Critiquing logic

판단이 그르다
생각이 그르다
전제가 그르다
논리가 그르다

Parenting

그른 일
그른 짓
그른 길
옳고 그름을 배우다

Amorces de conversation

"오늘 날씨 보니까 소풍은 다 글렀죠?"

"아이들에게 옳고 그름을 어떻게 가르치나요?"

"그 사람의 행동이 그르다고 생각하지 않으세요?"

"이번 프로젝트, 벌써 글러 버린 걸까요?"

"무엇이 정말 그른 일인지 고민해 본 적 있나요?"

Sujets d'écriture

오늘 계획했던 일 중에 '글러 버린' 일이 있었나요? 왜 그랬나요?

내가 생각하는 '옳고 그름'의 기준은 무엇인가요?

누군가의 그른 행동을 보고 용기 있게 말한 적이 있나요?

처음에는 그르다고 생각했지만 나중에 옳다고 느낀 적이 있나요?

사회의 어떤 관습이 그르다고 생각하나요?

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

Technically, you could, but it sounds very strange and dramatic. It would imply the answer is morally evil. Use '틀리다' for tests.

Yes, it always implies that something has failed, is ruined, or is morally incorrect. There is no positive usage.

'그르다' is the basic adjective. '그릇되다' is a verb that means 'to become wrong' or 'to be mistaken'. They are often interchangeable, but '그릇되다' is more formal.

Because it is a '르' irregular, you drop 'ㅡ' and add 'ㄹㄹ'. So, 그르다 + 어요 = 글러요.

Yes, it is quite harsh. It implies something is 'rotten' or 'hopeless' in a cynical way. Use it only with very close friends or when venting.

Yes, but it's a strong judgment of their character. '그른 사람' means a person who is morally corrupt or fundamentally 'wrong'.

The most direct opposite is '옳다' (to be right/righteous).

Use it when you realize a situation is beyond saving. For example, if you are too late for a deadline: '이미 글렀어'.

The base form '그르다' is less common than '틀리다', but the conjugated form '글렀다' is extremely common in daily speech.

No, that is '다르다'. Don't confuse the two just because they both end in '-르다'.

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