Cette page dans ta langue

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

日本語

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

B1 adjective/adverb #500 le plus courant 7 min de lecture

基本

jiben Top 500

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces 基本 en 30 secondes

Explication 基本 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you can think of '基本' (jīběn) as a way to say 'basic' or 'simple.' While it might be a bit advanced for absolute beginners, you will see it in phrases like '基本词汇' (basic vocabulary). It helps you describe the most important things you need. For example, if you are talking about your needs, you might use it to describe 'basic needs' like food and water. At this stage, just remember that '基' looks like a foundation and '本' looks like a tree with roots. Together, they mean the 'root foundation.' You don't need to use it in complex sentences yet, but recognizing it in titles or simple lists is very helpful for building your vocabulary foundation.

Inscris-toi gratuitement pour lire l'explication complète

At the A2 level, you start using '基本' to describe your skills and progress. You might say '我的汉语基本可以交流' (My Chinese is basically good enough for communication). Here, it acts as a modifier to show that while you aren't perfect, you have reached a functional level. You will also encounter it in the term '基本功' (jīběngōng), which refers to basic skills in sports, music, or language. When you talk about your daily routine, you can use '基本' to mean 'mostly.' For instance, '我基本每天都喝咖啡' (I basically drink coffee every day). It's a great word to help you move away from absolute words like 'always' or 'never' and sound more natural.

Inscris-toi gratuitement pour lire l'explication complète

As a B1 learner, '基本' becomes a key tool for professional and social interactions. You should use it as an adverb to describe the status of tasks: '工作基本完成了' (The work is basically finished). This is very common in office environments. You also use it as an adjective to discuss '基本原则' (basic principles) or '基本要求' (basic requirements). At this level, you should distinguish between '基本' (adjective/adverb) and '基础' (noun). You will also start using '基本上' (jīběnshang) to start sentences, providing a general summary of a situation before going into details. It helps you manage expectations by indicating that what you are saying is true for the most part, but allows for minor exceptions.

At the B2 level, you use '基本' to handle more abstract and formal topics. You will see it in legal and political contexts, such as '基本法' (Basic Law) or '基本人权' (basic human rights). You are expected to understand the nuance it brings to academic writing, where it defines the 'fundamental' nature of a theory or phenomenon. You can also use it to compare things with precision, saying '这两者基本没有区别' (There is basically no difference between these two). At this stage, you should be comfortable using it in complex sentence structures and understanding when it is being used to soften a statement or to emphasize a non-negotiable foundation.

Inscris-toi gratuitement pour lire l'explication complète

For C1 learners, '基本' is used to navigate subtle rhetorical strategies. You might use it to acknowledge a general truth while preparing to discuss a specific, complex exception. In formal debates, you can use it to define the '基本矛盾' (fundamental contradiction) of an issue. You should also be aware of its use in idiomatic or semi-formal expressions like '基本面' (fundamentals, often used in economics or stock markets). Your usage should reflect an understanding of how '基本' can function as a powerful qualifier that defines the scope of an entire argument or policy. You should also be able to distinguish it from more formal synonyms like '根本' or '本质' in high-level writing.

Inscris-toi gratuitement pour lire l'explication complète

At the C2 level, '基本' is integrated into a deep understanding of Chinese philosophical and administrative language. You understand its role in defining the '基本国策' (basic national policy) and how it anchors large-scale social frameworks. You can use it with high precision in legal drafting or philosophical discourse to separate the 'accidental' from the 'fundamental.' You also recognize its use in classical-leaning modern prose where it might be paired with other characters to create specific rhythmic or stylistic effects. At this level, '基本' is not just a word for 'mostly,' but a tool for defining the very essence of reality and social structure in the Chinese linguistic world.

Inscris-toi gratuitement pour lire l'explication complète

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

基本 en 30 secondes

基本 (jīběn) means 'basic' or 'fundamental' as an adjective and 'basically' or 'mostly' as an adverb.
It is a B1 level word essential for summarizing progress and discussing core principles in professional and daily life.
Commonly used in phrases like '基本完成' (basically finished) and '基本原则' (basic principles).
Do not confuse it with the noun '基础' (foundation), which is a thing you build upon.

The Chinese word 基本 (jīběn) is a versatile term that functions as both an adjective and an adverb. At its core, it refers to the foundation or the most essential part of something. When used as an adjective, it translates to 'basic,' 'fundamental,' or 'elementary.' When used as an adverb, it shifts slightly to mean 'basically,' 'mainly,' or 'on the whole.' Understanding this word is crucial for B1 learners because it allows you to describe the essence of a situation or indicate that a task is nearly finished without needing to be 100% precise.

The Foundational Aspect: In its adjective form, 基本 describes things that are indispensable. For example, '基本人权' (basic human rights) or '基本功' (basic skills/foundation). It points to the root of a matter.
The 'Mostly' Aspect: As an adverb, it is used to describe the general state of completion or agreement. If you say a project is '基本完成' (jīběn wánchéng), you mean it is mostly done, perhaps 90-95%, with only minor details remaining.

我们的意见基本一致。
(Wǒmen de yìjiàn jīběn yīzhì.)
Our opinions are basically identical.

In daily life, you will hear this word in professional settings, academic discussions, and casual conversations. It acts as a useful 'hedge' word. Instead of committing to an absolute 'yes' or 'no,' using 基本 allows for a small margin of error or exception. It is the linguistic equivalent of saying 'for the most part.'

学习汉语，基本词汇非常重要。
(Xuéxí Hànyǔ, jīběn cíhuì fēicháng zhòngyào.)
When learning Chinese, basic vocabulary is very important.

Professional Context: In a business meeting, if a manager asks if the report is ready, answering '基本好了' (jīběn hǎo le) suggests that the core content is ready, even if formatting isn't perfect yet.

这个问题基本解决了。
(Zhège wèntí jīběn jiějué le.)
This problem is basically solved.

Culturally, Chinese speakers often prefer moderation and avoiding extremes. Using 基本 fits this cultural tendency by providing a softened, more realistic assessment of a situation rather than claiming 100% certainty or completion.

Mastering the placement of 基本 (jīběn) is key to sounding natural. Because it functions as both an adjective and an adverb, its position in a sentence changes depending on what it is modifying. Let's break down the primary patterns you will encounter.

Pattern 1: 基本 + Noun (Adjective): When modifying a noun, 基本 usually comes directly before the noun to indicate 'fundamental' or 'basic' qualities. Note that you often do not need the particle '的' (de) for established terms like '基本原则' (basic principles).

这是我们的基本要求。
(Zhè shì wǒmen de jīběn yāoqiú.)
This is our basic requirement.

Pattern 2: 基本 + Verb/Adjective (Adverb): When acting as an adverb, 基本 precedes the verb or adjective to mean 'basically' or 'mostly.' This is the most common usage for B1 learners. It often pairs with resultative complements like '完成' (complete) or '一致' (consistent).

作业基本写完了。
(Zuòyè jīběn xiě wán le.)
The homework is basically finished.

One interesting nuance is the use of 基本 with negative structures. While you can say '基本不' (basically not), it is more common to use it with positive outcomes to indicate a high degree of success or similarity.

两家公司的技术基本相同。
(Liǎng jiā gōngsī de jìshù jīběn xiāngtóng.)
The technology of the two companies is basically the same.

In formal writing, 基本 is often used to define the scope of a law or a policy. For instance, '基本法' (Basic Law). In these cases, it carries a heavy weight of authority and permanence.

The word 基本 (jīběn) is ubiquitous in Chinese society, appearing in contexts ranging from high-level political speeches to mundane kitchen conversations. Knowing where you'll encounter it helps you grasp its social weight.

In the Workplace: This is perhaps the most frequent place to hear 基本. Project managers use it to give status updates. '进度基本符合预期' (The progress basically meets expectations). It provides a professional buffer—it sounds more confident than 'maybe' but more realistic than 'exactly.'

会议的内容我基本听懂了。
(Huìyì de nèiróng wǒ jīběn tīng dǒng le.)
I basically understood the content of the meeting.

In News and Media: News anchors use 基本 when reporting on statistics or general trends. For example, '全国基本养老保险' (National Basic Pension Insurance). Here, it signifies a standard or a minimum level provided by the state.

他基本每天都去健身房。
(Tā jīběn měitiān dōu qù jiànshēnfáng.)
He goes to the gym basically every day.

In casual settings, friends use it to describe habits or preferences. If someone asks if you like spicy food, you might say '基本都能吃' (I can basically eat anything [spicy]), meaning you aren't too picky but there might be extremes you avoid.

In Education: Teachers emphasize '基本功' (jīběngōng). Whether it's piano, martial arts, or calligraphy, this refers to the repetitive, foundational exercises that one must master before moving to advanced techniques.

While 基本 (jīběn) seems straightforward, English speakers often trip up on its grammatical constraints and its distinction from similar words. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Chinese sound much more sophisticated.

Mistake 1: Confusing '基本' (Adjective) with '基础' (Noun): This is the #1 error. In English, 'base' or 'foundation' can be tricky. In Chinese, 基础 is a thing (noun), while 基本 is a quality or a degree. You cannot say '我的基本很好' (My basic is very good); you must say '我的基础很好' (My foundation is very good).

❌ 错误的：他的汉语基本很扎实。
✅ 正确的：他的汉语基础很扎实。
(His Chinese foundation is very solid.)

Mistake 2: Overusing '的' (de): Learners often want to put '的' after 基本 when it's an adjective. While not always wrong, it's often unnecessary for fixed phrases. '基本原则' sounds more natural than '基本的原则.'

Mistake 3: Misplacing it in Adverbial Form: Remember that as an adverb, 基本 must come before the verb or the adjective it modifies. You cannot put it at the end of the sentence like 'mostly' in English.

❌ 错误的：工作完成了基本。
✅ 正确的：工作基本完成了。
(The work is basically finished.)

Finally, be careful with '基本上' (jīběnshang). Adding '上' makes it more explicitly an adverb ('on the whole'). While often interchangeable with 基本, 基本上 is more common at the beginning of a sentence to set the scene.

To truly master 基本 (jīběn), you need to know its neighbors. Chinese has several words that overlap with 'basic' or 'mostly,' but they carry different nuances.

基本 (jīběn) vs. 基础 (jīchǔ): 基本 is 'fundamental' (adj/adv). 基础 is 'foundation' (noun). Use 基础 for things you build upon (like a house foundation or math skills). Use 基本 for the core essence or the 'mostly' state.
基本 (jīběn) vs. 根本 (gēnběn): 根本 is much stronger. It means 'at all' (in negatives) or 'root/radical.' While 基本 says 'mostly,' 根本 often says 'entirely' or 'not at all.' For example, '我根本不认识他' (I don't know him at all).

这只是一个基本的框架。
(This is just a basic framework.)

基本 (jīběn) vs. 大致 (dàzhì): 大致 means 'roughly' or 'approximately.' It is more common when talking about numbers, time, or rough sketches. 基本 is better for completion states or essential qualities.

我们基本上同意这个方案。
(We basically agree with this plan.)

In summary, choose 基本 when you want to highlight the core essence or indicate that something is 'good enough' or 'mostly there.' It is the safest and most common choice for B1 learners navigating daily descriptions.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The character '本' is also the measure word for books in Chinese, because books were originally made from wood/bamboo (the root/trunk of the plant).

Guide de prononciation

UK /dʒiː bən/

US /dʒi bɛn/

The stress is slightly more on the first syllable 'jī'.

Rime avec

机 (jī) 鸡 (jī) 本 (běn) 粉 (fěn) 肯 (kěn) 稳 (wěn) 准 (zhǔn) 狠 (hěn)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing 'jī' as 'zhī' (curling the tongue too much).
Failing to dip the 3rd tone on 'běn'.
Aspirating the 'b' in 'běn' (making it sound like 'pěn').
Pronouncing 'jī' with a falling tone (4th tone).
Merging the two syllables into one sound.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 3/5

The characters are relatively simple, but the abstract meanings require context.

Écriture 3/5

Writing '基' requires attention to the '土' radical at the bottom.

Expression orale 2/5

Easy to pronounce, but tone transitions (1st to 3rd) need practice.

Écoute 2/5

Very common word, easily recognizable in speech.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

基础 (jīchǔ) 主要 (zhǔyào) 完成 (wánchéng) 一样 (yīyàng) 开始 (kāishǐ)

Apprends ensuite

根本 (gēnběn) 本质 (běnzhì) 核心 (héxīn) 大致 (dàzhì) 原则 (yuánzé)

Avancé

基石 (jīshí) 底蕴 (dǐyùn) 要素 (yàosù) 纲领 (gānglǐng) 范畴 (fànchóu)

Grammaire à connaître

Adverbial placement of 基本

他基本(adv)完成了任务。

Adjectival use without '的'

这是基本(adj)原则。

Using 基本上 as a sentence adverb

基本上，情况就是这样。

基本 vs 基础 (Part of speech difference)

打好基础 (Noun) vs 基本一致 (Adverb).

Negation with 基本

我基本不(basically don't)看电视。

Inscris-toi gratuitement pour lire l'explication complète

Exemples par niveau

这是基本的词汇。

This is basic vocabulary.

基本 modifies the noun 词汇.

我学习基本的汉语。

I study basic Chinese.

基本 is used as an adjective here.

基本的生活需要。

Basic life needs.

Used in a noun phrase.

他是基本成员。

He is a basic member.

基本 describes the type of member.

我有基本的问题。

I have a basic question.

Used to describe a simple or fundamental question.

这是基本色。

These are basic colors.

Modifying the noun 'colors'.

基本动作很简单。

The basic movements are very simple.

基本 modifies the subject 'movements'.

学习基本功。

Learn the basic skills.

基本功 is a common compound noun.

我基本每天都运动。

I basically exercise every day.

基本 acts as an adverb meaning 'mostly'.

作业基本写完了。

The homework is basically finished.

基本 modifies the verb phrase 写完了.

我们基本同意。

We basically agree.

Adverbial use showing general agreement.

他基本不吃肉。

He basically doesn't eat meat.

基本 modifying a negative verb phrase.

这件衣服基本合适。

This clothing is basically suitable.

Modifying the adjective 合适.

我基本听懂了。

I basically understood.

Shows near-complete understanding.

电影基本结束了。

The movie is basically over.

Indicates a state of near completion.

大家基本都到了。

Everyone has basically arrived.

Used with '都' to show a high percentage.

这是公司的基本原则。

This is the company's basic principle.

基本 used as a formal adjective.

两人的看法基本一致。

The views of the two people are basically identical.

Commonly used with 一致 (consistent).

这个问题基本解决了。

This problem is basically solved.

Indicates the core issue is handled.

基本上，我支持你的计划。

Basically, I support your plan.

基本上 used as a sentence starter.

这是基本人权。

This is a basic human right.

A standard political/legal term.

他基本掌握了这门技术。

He has basically mastered this technology.

Used with 掌握 (to master).

项目的基本情况如下。

The basic situation of the project is as follows.

基本情况 is a common formal phrase.

我们的生活水平基本稳定。

Our standard of living is basically stable.

Modifying the adjective 稳定 (stable).

我们要坚持基本国策。

We must adhere to the basic national policy.

High-level political terminology.

这篇文章的基本观点很明确。

The basic viewpoint of this article is very clear.

Used in academic or literary analysis.

基本工资不包括奖金。

The basic salary does not include bonuses.

Economic term: 基本工资.

这是数学的基本定律。

This is a basic law of mathematics.

Refers to fundamental scientific rules.

他基本摆脱了困境。

He has basically escaped the predicament.

Used with abstract verbs like 摆脱.

双方基本达成了协议。

The two sides have basically reached an agreement.

Formal negotiation context.

这不符合基本逻辑。

This does not conform to basic logic.

Used to criticize the foundation of an argument.

基本建设投资在增加。

Investment in basic construction is increasing.

Refers to infrastructure (基本建设).

这是该理论的基本架构。

This is the basic framework of the theory.

Used in advanced theoretical discussion.

我们要从基本面分析股市。

We need to analyze the stock market from the fundamentals.

基本面 is a specific financial term.

这种做法违背了基本常识。

This practice violates basic common sense.

Used for strong rhetorical emphasis.

基本粒子是物理学的研究对象。

Elementary particles are the research objects of physics.

Scientific term: 基本粒子.

他基本具备了入职条件。

He basically possesses the qualifications for the job.

Formal HR/Administrative context.

社会的基本矛盾依然存在。

The fundamental contradictions of society still exist.

Sociological/Philosophical term.

基本法保障了公民的权利。

The Basic Law guarantees the rights of citizens.

Legal term for a constitutional document.

这种现象基本可以归结为经济因素。

This phenomenon can basically be attributed to economic factors.

Used in complex causal analysis.

基本养老金制度正在完善中。

The basic pension system is being perfected.

Policy-level administrative language.

这触及了法律的基本精神。

This touches upon the basic spirit of the law.

Philosophical interpretation of legal principles.

他的论述基本涵盖了所有要点。

His discourse basically covered all the main points.

High-level academic critique.

基本经济制度是国家稳定的基石。

The basic economic system is the cornerstone of national stability.

Formal political-economic discourse.

该政策的基本导向是惠民。

The basic orientation of the policy is to benefit the people.

Describing the intent of high-level policy.

基本生活费的调整需经过听证。

Adjustments to basic living expenses must undergo a hearing.

Specific administrative procedure terminology.

这反映了人类的基本诉求。

This reflects the basic aspirations of humanity.

Universal philosophical statement.

基本单位的核算必须准确无误。

The accounting of basic units must be accurate.

Technical accounting/statistical language.

Synonymes

根本基础主要大致大体

Antonymes

次要高级琐碎

Collocations courantes

基本完成

基本原则

基本功

基本一致

基本人权

基本工资

基本要求

基本生活

基本常识

基本面

Phrases Courantes

基本上

— Basically; on the whole. Often used at the start of a sentence.

基本上，他每天都迟到。

基本法

— Basic Law; often refers to a constitutional document.

香港基本法。

基本粒子

— Elementary particles in physics.

科学家研究基本粒子。

基本路线

— Basic line or basic policy path.

坚持党的基本路线。

基本国策

— Basic national policy.

环境保护是基本国策。

基本建设

— Capital construction or infrastructure.

国家加大了基本建设投入。

基本词汇

— Basic vocabulary.

掌握3000个基本词汇。

基本点

— Basis point (finance) or fundamental point.

利率上调了25个基本点。

基本面貌

— Basic appearance or general situation.

城市的基本面貌发生了变化。

基本动作

— Basic movements or drills.

先练习基本动作。

Souvent confondu avec

基本 vs 基础 (jīchǔ)

基础 is a noun (foundation); 基本 is an adjective/adverb (basic/basically).

基本 vs 根本 (gēnběn)

根本 is much stronger and often used in negative sentences to mean 'not at all'.

基本 vs 大致 (dàzhì)

大致 focuses on approximation of numbers or time; 基本 focuses on essence or completion.

Expressions idiomatiques

"基本功扎实"

— To have a solid foundation in basic skills.

这位画家的基本功扎实。

Neutral/Commendatory

"万变不离其宗"

— While things change superficially, the basic essence remains the same.

虽然款式多，但万变不离其宗。

Literary

"固本培元"

— To strengthen the foundation and cultivate the vital energy.

养生需要固本培元。

Medical/Philosophical

"根深蒂固"

— Deep-rooted; firmly established (often used for ideas).

这种观念根深蒂固。

Neutral

"本末倒置"

— To put the cart before the horse; to confuse the basic with the secondary.

你这样做是本末倒置。

Critical

"原封不动"

— Left intact; kept in its basic original state.

东西还原封不动地在那儿。

Neutral

"返璞归真"

— To return to one's basic, original nature.

他向往返璞归真的生活。

Literary

"一成不变"

— Invariable; never changing from the basic state.

世界上没有一成不变的事。

Neutral

"有的放矢"

— To have a definite object in view; to hit the basic target.

说话要有的放矢。

Neutral

"实事求是"

— To seek truth from facts; a basic principle of pragmatism.

我们要坚持实事求是。

Formal

Facile à confondre

基本 vs 基础

Both relate to 'base'.

基础 is the physical or conceptual 'thing' you build on. 基本 is the 'quality' of being fundamental.

地基是建筑的基础。 (The foundation is the base of the building.)

基本 vs 根本

Both contain '本' and mean 'fundamental'.

根本 is more radical and absolute. It often means 'entirely' or 'at the root'.

这是根本的区别。 (This is a fundamental/radical difference.)

基本 vs 大体

Both mean 'mostly'.

大体 is more formal and often used to summarize a general situation or appearance.

大体情况如此。 (The general situation is like this.)

基本 vs 主要

Both mean 'important'.

主要 means 'main' or 'primary'. 基本 means 'essential' or 'foundational'.

这是我的主要任务。 (This is my main task.)

基本 vs 本质

Both relate to the 'core'.

本质 is a noun meaning 'essence' or 'intrinsic nature'.

看清事物的本质。 (See clearly the essence of things.)

Structures de phrases

Subject + 基本 + Verb + 了

饭基本做好了。

Subject + 基本 + Adjective

两本书基本一样。

基本上， + Sentence

基本上，我同意你的看法。

这是 + [Noun] + 的 + 基本要求

这是入职的基本要求。

Subject + 基本 + 掌握了 + [Skill]

他基本掌握了开车。

从 + 基本面 + 来看

从基本面来看，经济在好转。

符合 + 基本原则

这个方案符合基本原则。

触及 + 基本矛盾

这个问题触及了社会的基本矛盾。

Famille de mots

Noms

基础 (jīchǔ) - foundation

基地 (jīdì) - base/station

基石 (jīshí) - cornerstone

本领 (běnlǐng) - skill/ability

本质 (běnzhì) - essence

Verbes

基于 (jīyú) - based on

本着 (běnzhe) - in the spirit of

Adjectifs

基本的 (jīběn de) - fundamental

本来的 (běnlái de) - original

Apparenté

基因 (jīyīn) - gene

基调 (jīdiào) - keynote/tone

根本 (gēnběn) - root/at all

资本 (zīběn) - capital

本人 (běnrén) - oneself

Inscris-toi gratuitement pour voir tous les exemples

Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Extremely high in both spoken and written Chinese.

Erreurs courantes

Using 基本 as a noun. → 使用“基础”作为名词。
You cannot say '我的基本很好'. You must say '我的基础很好'.
Placing 基本 at the end of a sentence. → 将“基本”放在动词前。
In English we say 'It's finished basically', but in Chinese it must be '基本完成了'.
Adding '的' to every adjectival use. → 在固定短语中省略“的”。
While '基本的原则' is okay, '基本原则' is the standard, more natural term.
Confusing 基本 with 根本 in negative sentences. → 用“根本”表示“完全不”。
'基本不' means 'mostly not', while '根本不' means 'not at all'.
Using 基本 for precise numbers. → 用“大约”或“大概”表示数字。
Instead of '基本十个人', use '大约十个人'.

Astuces

Adverb Position

Always place '基本' before the verb. '工作基本完成了' is correct; '工作完成了基本' is wrong.

The 'Foundation' Rule

Use '基础' for the noun 'foundation' and '基本' for the adjective 'basic'. This is the most common mistake for learners.

Hedge Your Bets

Use '基本' in business meetings to show progress without claiming absolute perfection. It sounds professional and realistic.

Fixed Phrases

Memorize '基本原则', '基本功', and '基本要求' as single units. You don't need '的' between them.

Respect the Roots

In China, '基本功' is highly valued. Mentioning your '基本功' in a skill shows you are a serious and humble student.

Listen for '一致'

'基本一致' is a very common phrase in news. It means 'basically the same' or 'in general agreement'.

HSK 3/4 Context

In HSK exams, '基本' often appears in reading sections describing the completion of a project or the similarity between two things.

Basically vs. At All

Don't use '基本' when you mean 'at all' in a negative sentence. Use '根本' for that stronger emphasis.

Sentence Starters

Start your summaries with '基本上...' to sound like a native speaker providing a high-level overview.

Visualizing the Character

The bottom of '基' is '土' (earth). The bottom of '本' is a root. Both are the 'base' of everything.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of a building: '基' is the dirt foundation under the floor, and '本' is the root of the tree next to it. Both are at the bottom and are essential for the thing to stand.

Association visuelle

Visualize a large tree. The roots (本) and the soil it sits in (基) are the '基本' parts that keep it alive and upright.

Word Web

基础 (Foundation) 原则 (Principle) 要求 (Requirement) 完成 (Complete) 一致 (Consistent) 生活 (Life) 工资 (Salary) 人权 (Human Rights)

Défi

Try to use '基本' in three different ways today: once to describe a task you are doing, once to describe a rule, and once to describe a habit.

Origine du mot

The word '基本' is composed of two characters: '基' (jī) and '本' (běn). '基' originally referred to the foundation of a wall or building, made of earth. '本' originally depicted a tree with a mark at the bottom, indicating the roots.

Sens originel : The combination of 'foundation' and 'roots' creates the meaning of the essential starting point or core of any structure or idea.

Sino-Tibetan

Contexte culturel

When using '基本' in a business context, be aware that it might be interpreted as 'not quite 100%.' If you need to express absolute completion, avoid '基本'.

In English, 'basically' is often used as a filler word. In Chinese, '基本' is more substantive and usually carries more weight in a sentence.

The 'Basic Law' (基本法) of Hong Kong. The 'Four Cardinal Principles' (四项基本原则) in Chinese politics. The concept of 'Basic Education' (基本教育) in social development goals.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Work Progress

基本搞定
基本完成
基本符合要求
基本没问题

Legal/Policy

基本人权
基本法
基本国策
基本原则

Skills/Learning

基本功
基本词汇
基本技能
基本常识

Finance

基本面
基本工资
基本点
基本账户

Daily Life

基本一样
基本每天
基本满意
基本听懂

Amorces de conversation

"你对这个计划的基本看法是什么？ (What is your basic view on this plan?)"

"你的汉语学习基本情况怎么样？ (How is your basic Chinese learning situation?)"

"我们基本达成了一致，你觉得呢？ (We've basically reached an agreement, what do you think?)"

"你觉得生活中最基本的需要是什么？ (What do you think are the most basic needs in life?)"

"这个周末你基本打算怎么过？ (Basically, how do you plan to spend this weekend?)"

Sujets d'écriture

写一写你学习汉语的基本目标和目前的进度。 (Write about your basic goals for learning Chinese and your current progress.)

描述一下你每天的基本生活流程。 (Describe your basic daily life routine.)

你认为一个好朋友应该具备哪些基本品质？ (What basic qualities do you think a good friend should have?)

谈谈你对“基本人权”的理解。 (Talk about your understanding of 'basic human rights'.)

如果要去一个无人岛，你会带哪三样基本物品？ (If you were going to a deserted island, which three basic items would you bring?)

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

Not exactly. While 'basic' can mean 'simple' in English, '基本' in Chinese implies 'foundational' or 'essential.' If you want to say something is easy or simple, use '简单' (jiǎndān).

They are very similar. '基本' can be an adjective or adverb. '基本上' is strictly an adverb and is often used at the beginning of a sentence to mean 'on the whole' or 'generally speaking.'

It is neutral. It is used in both casual conversations (e.g., 'I basically finished') and very formal documents (e.g., 'Basic Law').

No. You should say '我的汉语基础很好.' Use '基础' when you are talking about your 'foundation' as a noun.

Use '基本不' or '基本上不.' For example: '我基本不喝茶' (I basically don't drink tea).

No. It applies to any skill that requires a foundation, such as playing an instrument, painting, or even coding.

Usually only as an adjective to describe their role, like '基本成员' (basic member). It is not used to describe a person's character.

No, it means it is mostly done (maybe 90-95%), but there might be small details left to finish.

It's better to use '大约' or '大概' for numbers. '基本' is used more for states of being or completion.

It depends on the context. If it means 'elementary,' the opposite is '高级' (advanced). If it means 'fundamental,' the opposite is '次要' (secondary).

Inscris-toi gratuitement pour les astuces et notes