पैसिव वॉयस: चीज़ों के साथ होने वाली घटनाएँ (बनाया जाता है, भेजा गया था)
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
The passive voice shifts focus from the person doing the action to the person or thing receiving the action.
- Use 'be' + past participle: 'The cake was eaten' (max 20 words)
- The object of the active sentence becomes the subject (max 20 words)
- Use 'by' only if the doer is important: 'by Shakespeare' (max 20 words)
Overview
Passive Voice। अगर आप B1 लेवल पर हैं, तो आप जानते होंगे कि Active Voice (जैसे: I eat an apple) का इस्तेमाल करना आसान है। लेकिन, जब हम अपनी बात को थोड़ा और प्रोफेशनल, ऑब्जेक्टिव (निष्पक्ष) या फॉर्मल बनाना चाहते हैं, तो Passive Voice (जैसे: An apple is eaten by me) का जादू काम आता है।Passive Voice का स्ट्रक्चर Subject + to be + Past Participle होता है।The project has been completed), तो ध्यान 'काम' पर है। यही Passive Voice की असली ताकत है। यह आपको एक 'स्मार्ट' और 'मैच्योर' स्पीकर बनाता है। चलिए, इसे गहराई से समझते हैं।Passive Voice को समझने का सबसे आसान तरीका है यह देखना कि 'काम करने वाला' (Agent) कौन है। Active Voice में, कर्ता (Subject) मुख्य होता है। Passive Voice में, हम कर्ता को पीछे धकेल देते हैं और जो काम का असर झेल रहा है (Object), उसे आगे ले आते हैं।to be (is/am/are/was/were) का इस्तेमाल करते हैं और मुख्य क्रिया को Past Participle (V3) फॉर्म में बदल देते हैं।The chef cooks the food. (शेफ खाना बनाता है।)The food is cooked by the chef. (खाना शेफ द्वारा बनाया जाता है।)The food जो पहले Object था, अब Subject बन गया है। is यहाँ to be का रूप है और cooked हमारी Past Participle फॉर्म है।Passive Voice में Object को Subject की तरह ट्रीट किया जाता है। अगर आप क्रिकेट कमेंट्री सुनते हैं, तो अक्सर सुना होगा: The ball was hit for a six. यहाँ गेंद पर ध्यान है, मारने वाले पर नहीं। यह Passive Voice का सबसे बेहतरीन उदाहरण है।Passive Voice बनाने का एक फिक्स्ड फार्मूला है। इसे याद कर लीजिए, यह आपके बहुत काम आएगा।Formula: Receiver (New Subject) + [to be] + Past Participle (V3) + (optional: by + Agent)The letter is written. |The letter was written. |The car is washed.(कार धोई जाती है)The car was washed.(कार धोई गई थी)
by का प्रयोग करें। जैसे: The car was washed by my brother. लेकिन अगर आप कहना चाहते हैं कि 'काम हो गया', तो by लगाने की जरूरत नहीं है।Passive Voice का इस्तेमाल तब करें जब:- 1काम करने वाला जरूरी न हो: मान लीजिए आप बाज़ार में ऑटो वाले से बात कर रहे हैं और कहते हैं:
My bag was stolen.(मेरा बैग चोरी हो गया)। आपको नहीं पता किसने किया, इसलिएPassiveसबसे सही है। - 2काम खुद ज्यादा जरूरी हो: जैसे चाय की दुकान पर आप कहते हैं:
The tea is served hot here.(यहाँ चाय गरम परोसी जाती है)। यहाँ चाय की क्वालिटी पर ध्यान है, सर्व करने वाले वेटर पर नहीं। - 3फॉर्मल रिपोर्टिंग: ऑफिस की मीटिंग्स या ईमेल्स में हम कहते हैं:
The meeting was cancelled.(मीटिंग रद्द कर दी गई)। यह 'मैंने मीटिंग कैंसिल की' बोलने से ज्यादा प्रोफेशनल लगता है। - 4प्रोसेस समझाना: अगर आप रेसिपी बता रहे हैं:
The onions are chopped, then the masala is added.(प्याज काटे जाते हैं, फिर मसाला डाला जाता है)। यहाँ 'आप' को बार-बार बोलने की ज़रूरत नहीं है।
- 1
to beको भूल जाना: हिंदी में हम 'किया गया' बोल देते हैं, तो English में भी हम गलती से बोल देते हैं:The work done.यह गलत है! सही होगा:The work was done.
- *क्यों:* क्योंकि हिंदी में 'किया' अपने आप में पूरा लगता है, लेकिन English में
Passiveके लिएto be(was) अनिवार्य है।
- 1
Past Participleकी जगहPast Simpleका प्रयोग: जैसेThe window was broke.यह गलत है। सही होगा:The window was broken.
- *क्यों:* हिंदी में क्रिया का रूप एक जैसा लग सकता है, लेकिन English में V2 (broke) और V3 (broken) अलग होते हैं।
- 1Subject-Verb Agreement की गलती: जैसे
The reports was submitted.यहाँreports(plural) है, तोwasगलत है। सही होगा:The reports were submitted.
- *क्यों:* हिंदी में हम 'रिपोर्ट' के लिए एक ही शब्द इस्तेमाल करते हैं, चाहे वह एक हो या अनेक, इसलिए English में plural वर्ब लगाना हम भूल जाते हैं।
Passive Voice और Active Voice के बीच का फर्क समझना बहुत जरूरी है।Active: Rahul wrote the book. (राहुल ने किताब लिखी।)Passive: The book was written by Rahul. (किताब राहुल के द्वारा लिखी गई।)- 1क्या हर वाक्य का Passive बन सकता है?
- नहीं, केवल उन वाक्यों का जिनमें
Objectहो (Transitive verbs)। जैसे 'I sleep' का Passive नहीं बन सकता क्योंकि इसमें कोई Object नहीं है।
- 1क्या Passive Voice बोलना गलत है?
- बिल्कुल नहीं! यह बहुत ही एडवांस और प्रोफेशनल है। बस इसे हर जगह इस्तेमाल न करें, वरना आपकी भाषा बहुत 'रोबोटिक' या 'किताबी' लगने लगेगी।
- 1क्या मैं 'by' हमेशा लगाऊं?
- नहीं,
byतभी लगाएं जब यह बताना बहुत जरूरी हो कि काम किसने किया। अगर यह बात पहले से पता है या महत्वपूर्ण नहीं है, तोbyहटा दें।
- 1Hinglish में इसका कैसे उपयोग करें?
- आप कह सकते हैं: 'भाई, ये फाइल is created by me.' यह एकदम नेचुरल लगता है!
2. Negative Contractions
| Full Form | Contraction | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
is not
|
isn't
|
The car isn't washed.
|
|
are not
|
aren't
|
The cars aren't washed.
|
|
was not
|
wasn't
|
The car wasn't washed.
|
|
were not
|
weren't
|
The cars weren't washed.
|
Passive Voice Tense Formation
| Tense | Subject | To Be | Past Participle | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present Simple
|
The car
|
is
|
washed
|
The car is washed.
|
|
Present Simple
|
The cars
|
are
|
washed
|
The cars are washed.
|
|
Past Simple
|
The car
|
was
|
washed
|
The car was washed.
|
|
Past Simple
|
The cars
|
were
|
washed
|
The cars were washed.
|
|
Present Continuous
|
The car
|
is being
|
washed
|
The car is being washed.
|
|
Present Perfect
|
The car
|
has been
|
washed
|
The car has been washed.
|
|
Future (Will)
|
The car
|
will be
|
washed
|
The car will be washed.
|
|
Modals
|
The car
|
must be
|
washed
|
The car must be washed.
|
Meanings
A grammatical construction where the subject is the recipient of the action rather than the performer.
Unknown Agent
Used when we don't know who performed the action.
“My bike was stolen last night.”
“The window was broken while I was out.”
Obvious Agent
Used when the performer of the action is so obvious it doesn't need mentioning.
“The thief was arrested.”
“The crops are harvested in autumn.”
Formal/Scientific Objectivity
Used to sound objective and professional by removing the 'I' or 'We'.
“The chemicals were mixed in a beaker.”
“The results were analyzed carefully.”
Reference Table
| काल | कर्ता | 'to be' क्रिया | Past Participle | उदाहरण |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
वर्तमान साधारण
|
रिपोर्ट
|
है
|
लिखा गया
|
रिपोर्ट रोज़ *लिखी जाती है*।
|
|
वर्तमान साधारण
|
ये ऐप्स
|
जाते हैं
|
डाउनलोड किए
|
ये ऐप्स लाखों लोगों द्वारा *डाउनलोड किए जाते हैं*।
|
|
भूतकाल साधारण
|
संदेश
|
गया था
|
भेजा
|
संदेश एक घंटे पहले *भेजा गया था*।
|
|
भूतकाल साधारण
|
निर्णय
|
गए थे
|
लिए
|
निर्णय जल्दी *लिए गए थे*।
|
|
वर्तमान साधारण
|
मेरी कॉफ़ी
|
जाती है
|
बनाई
|
मेरी कॉफ़ी हर सुबह ताज़ा *बनाई जाती है*।
|
|
भूतकाल साधारण
|
हमारी कार
|
गई थी
|
मरम्मत की
|
हमारी कार एक स्थानीय मैकेनिक द्वारा *मरम्मत की गई थी*।
|
औपचारिकता का स्तर
The requested documentation has been processed. (Workplace)
The paperwork was finished this morning. (Workplace)
The forms are all done. (Workplace)
It's all sorted, mate. (Workplace)
पैसिव वॉइस: चीज़ों से चीज़ों तक
बनावट
- 'to be' क्रिया जैसे, is, are, was, were
- Past Participle जैसे, written, made, sent
- वैकल्पिक 'by' किसने किया
कब उपयोग करें
- करने वाला अज्ञात जैसे, My wallet was stolen.
- करने वाला महत्वहीन जैसे, The road is being repaired.
- क्रिया पर ध्यान जैसे, News was reported.
- औपचारिक संदर्भ जैसे, Rules are enforced.
आम गलतियाँ
- 'be' गायब जैसे, 'The book read.'
- गलत 'be' रूप जैसे, 'They was told.'
- गलत क्रिया रूप जैसे, 'The cake was ate.'
एक्टिव बनाम पैसिव वॉइस
क्या मुझे पैसिव वॉइस का उपयोग करना चाहिए?
क्या क्रिया का 'करने वाला' ज्ञात और महत्वपूर्ण है?
क्या आप क्रिया पर या क्रिया प्राप्त करने वाली चीज़ पर ध्यान केंद्रित करना चाहते हैं?
पैसिव वॉइस की स्थितियाँ
समाचार और रिपोर्टिंग
- • 'It was reported that...'
- • Discoveries are made
- • Events are announced
प्रक्रियाएं और निर्देश
- • Ingredients are mixed
- • Steps are followed
- • Products are manufactured
जब करने वाला अज्ञात/अमहत्वपूर्ण हो
- • My keys were found.
- • Mistakes were made.
- • The window was broken.
कूटनीति और निष्पक्षता
- • Decisions were taken.
- • Issues are addressed.
- • Policies are developed.
स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण
The car is washed.
The car is washed.
The pizza is eaten.
The pizza is eaten.
The windows are closed.
The windows are closed.
The book was lost.
The book was lost.
The house was built in 2010.
The house was built in 2010.
These shoes are made in Italy.
These shoes are made in Italy.
The thief was caught by the police.
The thief was caught by the police.
Was the homework finished?
Was the homework finished?
The application was rejected because it was late.
The application was rejected because it was late.
The meeting is held in the main hall every Friday.
The meeting is held in the main hall every Friday.
Many languages are spoken in this city.
Many languages are spoken in this city.
The bridge was damaged during the storm.
The bridge was damaged during the storm.
The suspect is being questioned by the detectives now.
The suspect is being questioned by the detectives now.
The project should have been completed last week.
The project should have been completed last week.
It is believed that the company is facing bankruptcy.
It is believed that the company is facing bankruptcy.
The data was collected over a six-month period.
The data was collected over a six-month period.
The decision was made with the utmost care.
The decision was made with the utmost care.
Rarely is such a discovery made in this field.
Rarely is such a discovery made in this field.
The building is said to be haunted.
The building is said to be haunted.
He was given a standing ovation after his speech.
He was given a standing ovation after his speech.
The proposal was met with considerable skepticism.
The proposal was met with considerable skepticism.
Provision was made for the possibility of a delay.
Provision was made for the possibility of a delay.
The artifacts are thought to have been smuggled out of the country.
The artifacts are thought to have been smuggled out of the country.
No effort was spared in the search for survivors.
No effort was spared in the search for survivors.
आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले
Learners confuse 'The window was broken (by someone)' with 'The window was broken (state/adjective)'.
Learners confuse 'is done' with 'has done'.
Some verbs look active but feel passive, like 'The book sells well'.
सामान्य गलतियाँ
The cake eaten.
The cake was eaten.
The car is wash.
The car is washed.
I was borned in London.
I was born in London.
The window broke by me.
The window was broken by me.
The letters was sent.
The letters were sent.
The book written by him.
The book was written by him.
Is the dinner cook?
Is the dinner cooked?
The house was builded in 1990.
The house was built in 1990.
It was happened yesterday.
It happened yesterday.
The work is being do.
The work is being done.
The car was got stolen.
The car was stolen / The car got stolen.
He is said to have been went.
He is said to have gone.
The problem was explained me.
The problem was explained to me.
वाक्य संरचनाएँ
The ___ was ___ in ___.
___ are ___ every day.
It is ___ that ___.
The ___ hasn't been ___ yet.
Real World Usage
Thousands of homes destroyed by flood.
Made in Vietnam. Batteries not included.
The flight has been delayed.
The eggs are beaten until fluffy.
I was given the 'Employee of the Month' award.
My bike got stolen! :(
'Be' वर्ब को पहचानो!
Past Participles मत भूलो!
एक्टिव बनाम पैसिव टेस्ट
संदर्भ सबसे ज़रूरी!
हीरो कौन है?
Smart Tips
Use the passive to avoid sounding like you are blaming someone.
Check if it's an adjective or a passive verb by trying to add 'by someone'.
Don't say 'Someone...'. Use the passive voice instead.
Use the present simple passive to focus on the steps.
उच्चारण
Stress on Participle
In passive sentences, the main stress usually falls on the past participle, not the 'be' verb.
Weak 'was'
The word 'was' is usually unstressed and pronounced as /wəz/.
Falling intonation for statements
The bridge was built in 1890. ↘
Conveys a completed fact.
याद करें
स्मृति सहायक
BE + V3 = Passive for me! (Be verb + Past Participle).
दृश्य संबंध
Imagine a robot being built in a factory. We don't see the workers, only the robot (the object) moving through the stages of being 'made', 'painted', and 'shipped'.
Rhyme
When the doer is a mystery, use the passive for history!
Story
A man wakes up and finds his car is gone. He tells the police, 'My car was stolen!' He doesn't say 'A thief stole it' because he didn't see the thief. The car is the star of his story.
Word Web
चैलेंज
Look around your room. Find 5 things and say how they were made or where they were bought using the passive voice (e.g., 'This lamp was bought in IKEA').
सांस्कृतिक नोट्स
The passive voice is the 'bread and butter' of news. It allows reporters to remain neutral and avoid blaming individuals before a trial.
In Western universities, using 'I' in a science paper is often discouraged. The passive voice is used to make the research seem universal and objective.
Contracts use the passive to define obligations without naming specific employees, focusing on the company as an entity.
The English passive voice evolved from Old English, which used 'weorthan' (to become) or 'beon' (to be) with a participle.
बातचीत की शुरुआत
Where was your favorite piece of clothing made?
Have you ever had something stolen?
What is a famous building in your city? When was it built?
How are traditional holidays celebrated in your country?
डायरी विषय
सामान्य गलतियाँ
Test Yourself
The new update ___ on all devices yesterday afternoon.
Find and fix the mistake:
The message send to everyone in the group chat.
Choose the correct sentence:
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
Score: /4
अभ्यास प्रश्न
8 exercisesThe Mona Lisa ___ (paint) by Leonardo da Vinci.
Choose the correct option:
Find and fix the mistake:
The windows are clean every Saturday.
Passive form:
You can use the passive voice with the verb 'to sleep'.
A: Why is the road closed? B: An accident ___ (report) ten minutes ago.
Which of these is passive?
Write -> ?
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesAll assignments ___ online by midnight on Sunday.
The latest episode released last night.
Which sentence is correct?
Translate into English: 'Das Museum wird gerade renoviert.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the subjects with the correct passive verb forms:
The data ___ carefully analyzed before making a decision.
Many applications submitted for the new role.
Which sentence is correct?
Translate into English: 'Neue Produkte werden oft in sozialen Medien beworben.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the beginnings with their correct endings:
Score: /12
अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल (8)
Avoid it when the 'doer' is important or when you want to be direct and energetic. 'I love you' is much better than 'You are loved by me'!
No! In fact, we omit 'by' in about 80% of passive sentences because the doer is unknown or obvious.
'Was broken' is standard and neutral. 'Got broken' is informal and often implies the event was accidental or unfortunate.
Yes! Use 'will be' + V3. For example: 'The results will be published tomorrow.'
No, but overusing it can make writing sound dry or evasive. Use it when the focus truly belongs on the object.
Swap the subject and the 'be' verb. 'The car was fixed' becomes 'Was the car fixed?'
Only transitive verbs (verbs that take an object) can be passive. You can't say 'The bed was slept' because 'sleep' doesn't have an object.
Yes! In English, being born is something that happens to you, so we always use the passive form.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Voz pasiva (ser + participio) / Pasiva refleja (se)
English uses the passive much more frequently than Spanish in everyday speech.
La voix passive (être + participe passé)
French participles change endings (e.g., mangé vs mangée); English ones never do.
Passiv (werden + Partizip II)
German uses 'become' (werden) as the auxiliary, while English uses 'be'.
受身 (ukemi)
Japanese uses a suffix on the main verb; English uses an auxiliary verb.
المبني للمجهول (al-mabni lil-majhul)
Arabic uses vowel shifts within the verb; English uses 'be' + V3.
被字句 (bèi zì jù)
Chinese 'bèi' is a particle, not a verb conjugation, and often carries a negative connotation.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
संबंधित वीडियो
04:41 “The Minister of Loneliness” | Sarah Kay | TED
05:57 The infamous JoJo thought experiment - Michael Vazquez and Sarah Stroud
06:27 Was Alexander the Great really that great? - Stephanie Honchell Smith
How to use the Passive Voice 😅 English Grammar Lesson
mmmEnglish
PASSIVE VOICE - English Grammar step-by-step
Arnel's Everyday English
Related Grammar Rules
वस्तुनिष्ठता के लिए निष्क्रिय आवाज़: 'कहा जाता है कि...'
Overview क्या आपने कभी सोचा है कि समाचार रिपोर्टर इतने गंभीर क्यों लगते हैं? वे शायद ही कभी कहते हैं कि "मुझे लगता है कि...
मोडल और पैसिव रिपोर्टिंग के साथ परोक्ष कथन (C1)
Overview क्या आपने कभी Reddit थ्रेड या TikTok कमेंट में किसी को यह कहते हुए सुना है, `It's rumored that he might have g...
रिपोर्टिंग क्रियाएँ: किसने क्या कहा?
### Overview Reporting verbs का इस्तेमाल करना अंग्रेजी सीखने के सफर में एक बहुत बड़ा कदम है। जब हम B1 लेवल पर होते हैं,...
पैसिव वॉयस का उपयोग कब करें (समाचार और अफवाहें रिपोर्ट करना)
### अवलोकन Passive voice (कर्मवाच्य) अंग्रेजी में कई महत्वपूर्ण संचार कार्यों के लिए इस्तेमाल होता है, खासकर तब जब किसी...
पैसिव रिपोर्टिंग संरचनाएँ (उसे कहा जाता है कि...)
### Overview English grammar में C1 level पर पहुँचने का मतलब है कि अब आप सिर्फ भाषा बोल नहीं रहे हैं, बल्कि आप उसे 'man...
