पैसिव वॉइस: रिपोर्टिंग क्रियाएं (कहा जाता है कि...)
formal, objective और nuanced लगती है.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use reporting verbs in the passive to share information without naming a specific source, creating a formal, objective tone.
- Use 'It + passive verb + that' for general claims: 'It is said that he is rich.'
- Use 'Subject + passive verb + to-infinitive' for specific focus: 'He is said to be rich.'
- Common verbs include: say, think, believe, consider, report, and claim.
Overview
People say that Apple is making a carकहने के बजाय, आप कह सकते हैं
It is said that Apple is making a car। यह आपको निष्पक्ष, पेशेवर और शायद थोड़ा रहस्यमयी बनाता है। चाहे आप किसी वायरल वीडियो के बारे में किसी दोस्त को मैसेज कर रहे हों या ज़ूम मीटिंग के लिए रिपोर्ट लिख रहे हों, यह पैटर्न आपका सबसे अच्छा दोस्त है। यह आपको बोलने वाले *व्यक्ति* के बजाय *जानकारी* पर ध्यान केंद्रित करने में मदद करता है। बस कल्पना करें कि आप एक मिशन पर रिपोर्ट करने वाले एक गुप्त एजेंट हैं। It is believed that the target is at the cafe।यह
My friend thinks he is thereकहने से कहीं अधिक कूल लगता है, है ना?
How This Grammar Works
Everyone says that the new movie is great।यहाँ,
Everyone स्टार है। लेकिन पैसिव रिपोर्टिंग संस्करण में, *समाचार* स्टार बन जाता है। It is said that the new movie is great। इस काम को करने के लिए हम विशिष्ट क्रियाओं का उपयोग करते हैं जिन्हें «रिपोर्टिंग वर्ब्स» कहा जाता है। ये say, think, believe, know, report और expect जैसे शब्द हैं। ये क्रियाएं अफवाह और वास्तविकता के बीच एक पुल की तरह काम करती हैं। यह किसी फोटो पर फिल्टर लगाने जैसा है; यह बदल देता है कि लोग जानकारी को कैसे देखते हैं। यह आपके और कथन के बीच थोड़ी दूरी बनाता है। यदि कथन गलत है, तो हे, आपने केवल «ऐसा कहा जाता है» कहा, न कि *आपने* इसे कहा! यह तब के लिए एकदम सही व्याकरण उपकरण है जब आप 100% निश्चित नहीं होते कि कुछ सच है लेकिन फिर भी इसके बारे में बात करना चाहते हैं। यह कहने का भाषाई संस्करण है «मुझे इस पर उद्धृत न करें, लेकिन...»Formation Pattern
It पैटर्न (आसान तरीका):
It शब्द से शुरुआत करें।
to be क्रिया जोड़ें (आमतौर पर is या was)।
said, thought या known)।
that शब्द जोड़ें।
It + is/was + Past Participle + that + वाक्य।
It is thought that the exam will be hard। (लोगों को लगता है कि परीक्षा कठिन होगी।)
Subject पैटर्न (शानदार तरीका):
to be क्रिया जोड़ें (is, are, was, were)।
to + क्रिया का मूल रूप जोड़ें।
Subject + is/was + Past Participle + to + Verb।
The teacher is said to be very kind। (कहा जाता है कि शिक्षक बहुत दयालु हैं।)
When To Use It
- गपशप साझा करना: «ऐसा कहा जाता है कि वे एक व्हाट्सएप संदेश पर अलग हो गए!» (क्लासिक ड्रामा।)
- समाचार रिपोर्ट: «यह बताया गया है कि मौसम के कारण उड़ान में देरी हुई है।» (यात्रा व्लॉगिंग के लिए उपयोगी।)
- सामान्य तथ्य: «यह ज्ञात है कि पृथ्वी गोल है।» (हालाँकि कुछ टिकटॉकर्स असहमत हो सकते हैं!)
- व्यावसायिक राय: «यह उम्मीद की जाती है कि परियोजना शुक्रवार को समाप्त हो जाएगी।» (नौकरी के साक्षात्कार या ज़ूम कॉल के लिए बढ़िया।)
- सोशल मीडिया ट्रेंड्स: «माना जाता है कि इस नए कैफे में शहर की सबसे अच्छी लट्टे मिलती है।» (आपके इंस्टाग्राम कैप्शन के लिए बिल्कुल सही।)
People say कहने के बजाय, आप इसे मिलाते हैं। यह दर्शाता है कि भाषा पर आपका उच्च स्तर का नियंत्रण है। साथ ही, यह दोष से बचने के लिए बहुत अच्छा है। जब आपको देर हो जाती है तो «ऐसा सोचा गया था कि बैठक सुबह 10 बजे है» कहना «मैंने सोचा था कि बैठक सुबह 10 बजे है» से बहुत बेहतर लगता है!Common Mistakes
thatभूल जाना:Itपैटर्न में, आपको लगभग हमेशाthatकी आवश्यकता होती है।- ✗ *गलत:*
It is said the movie is bad. - ✓ *सही:*
It is said that the movie is bad. toऔरthatको मिलाना: यह सबसे आम गलती है। याद रखें:Itthatके साथ जाता है, औरSubjecttoके साथ जाता है।- ✗ *गलत:*
He is said that he is rich. - ✓ *सही:*
He is said to be rich. - गलत क्रिया रूप का उपयोग करना: सुनिश्चित करें कि रिपोर्टिंग वर्ब पास्ट पार्टिसिपल (
said, न किsay) में है। - ✗ *गलत:*
It is say that she is coming. - ✓ *सही:*
It is said that she is coming. - बहुवचन भ्रम: विषय पैटर्न में, सुनिश्चित करें कि
is/areविषय से मेल खाता हो। - ✗ *गलत:*
They is said to be late. - ✓ *सही:*
They are said to be late.
It's supposed that कह देते हैं जब उन्हें It is thought that कहना चाहिए। बस अभ्यास करते रहें!Contrast With Similar Patterns
People say कहने से कैसे अलग है?People say that pizza is healthy.
- यह मिलनसार और अनौपचारिक है। आप इसके बारे में बात कर रहे हैं कि *लोग* क्या करते हैं। यह कैफे में बातचीत के लिए बहुत अच्छा है।
It is said that pizza is healthy.
- यह अधिक औपचारिक है। यह एक वैज्ञानिक अध्ययन या समाचार रिपोर्ट जैसा लगता है। यह लोगों के बजाय *पिज़्ज़ा* पर ध्यान केंद्रित करता है।
The cake was eaten) है। अंतर यह है कि रिपोर्टिंग पैसिव *सोचने* या *बोलने* की क्रियाओं (say, think, know) का उपयोग करते हैं। नियमित पैसिव *क्रिया* की क्रियाओं (eat, build, break) का उपयोग करते हैं। इसलिए, The house was built एक नियमित पैसिव है, लेकिन The house is said to be haunted एक रिपोर्टिंग पैसिव है। एक क्रिया के बारे में है, दूसरा अफवाह के बारे में!Quick FAQ
say, think, believe, know, report, और expect जैसी «रिपोर्टिंग» क्रियाएं ही यहाँ अच्छी तरह काम करती हैं।It का उपयोग क्यों करें?It एक «डमी सब्जेक्ट» है। इसका कोई मतलब नहीं है; यह केवल जगह घेरता है ताकि वाक्य समाचार पर ध्यान केंद्रित कर सके।It was said that या He was thought to be कह सकते हैं। बस is को was में बदल दें।Said निश्चित रूप से रिपोर्टिंग वर्ब्स का राजा है। आप हर जगह It is said that सुनेंगे!It is said to be का उपयोग कर सकता हूँ?It is said that... या Something is said to be... का उपयोग करें।Common Reporting Verbs in Passive
| Verb | It + Passive + That | Subject + Passive + To-Infinitive |
|---|---|---|
|
Say
|
It is said that...
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He is said to be...
|
|
Think
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It is thought that...
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She is thought to have...
|
|
Believe
|
It is believed that...
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They are believed to live...
|
|
Consider
|
It is considered that...
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It is considered to be...
|
|
Report
|
It is reported that...
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The news is reported to be...
|
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Claim
|
It is claimed that...
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He is claimed to have...
|
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Know
|
It is known that...
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She is known to work...
|
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Expect
|
It is expected that...
|
Prices are expected to rise...
|
Contractions in Reporting Passives
| Full Form | Contracted Form | Usage |
|---|---|---|
|
It is said
|
It's said
|
Common in speech
|
|
It is thought
|
It's thought
|
Common in speech
|
|
He is said
|
He's said
|
Common in speech
|
|
They are believed
|
They're believed
|
Common in speech
|
Meanings
A grammatical construction used to report what people in general say, think, or believe, often used in news and academic writing to maintain objectivity.
General Hearsay
Reporting rumors or widely held beliefs without a specific source.
“It is said that the house is haunted.”
“He is thought to be the best player in the league.”
Formal/Academic Reporting
Presenting facts or theories in a way that sounds objective and authoritative.
“It is considered that the experiment was a success.”
“The virus is known to spread through air droplets.”
Historical/Past Beliefs
Describing what people used to believe in the past.
“It was once thought that the Earth was flat.”
“The ruins were believed to be of Roman origin.”
Reference Table
| एक्टिव रिपोर्टिंग | इंपर्सनल पैसिव (It is...) | पर्सनल पैसिव (Subject is...) |
|---|---|---|
|
People say he's smart.
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It is said that he's smart.
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He is said to be smart.
|
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They believe she is kind.
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It is believed that she is kind.
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She is believed to be kind.
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Experts expect prices will rise.
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It is expected that prices will rise.
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Prices are expected to rise.
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People know he stole the car.
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It is known that he stole the car.
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He is known to have stolen the car.
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The media reported they fled.
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It was reported that they fled.
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They were reported to have fled.
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Many think she's innocent.
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It is thought that she's innocent.
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She is thought to be innocent.
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We understand he's busy.
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It is understood that he's busy.
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He is understood to be busy.
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औपचारिकता का स्तर
He is widely held to be an exceptional leader. (Describing a politician or boss)
It is said that he is a great leader. (Describing a politician or boss)
They say he's a great leader. (Describing a politician or boss)
Word is, he's the GOAT. (Describing a politician or boss)
पैसिव रिपोर्टिंग वर्ब्स: जानकारी का प्रवाह
पैटर्न 1: इंपर्सनल
- It is said that... सामान्य कथन
- It is believed that... आम राय
- It is known that... स्थापित तथ्य
पैटर्न 2: पर्सनल
- Subject is said to be... वर्तमान स्थिति/भविष्य
- Subject is believed to have... भूतकाल की क्रिया
- Subject is expected to... भविष्य की क्रिया
इसका उपयोग क्यों करें?
- Objectivity निष्पक्षता (औपचारिक लेखन, समाचार)
- Diplomacy कूटनीति (दोष से बचना)
- Focus on Info जानकारी पर ध्यान (स्रोत महत्वहीन)
इंपर्सनल बनाम पर्सनल पैसिव रिपोर्टिंग
पैसिव रिपोर्टिंग स्ट्रक्चर चुनना
क्या तुम जानकारी पर सामान्य रूप से ध्यान देना चाहते हो, या किसी विशिष्ट विषय पर?
क्या रिपोर्ट की गई क्रिया रिपोर्टिंग के सापेक्ष भूतकाल में है?
पैसिव में सामान्य रिपोर्टिंग वर्ब्स
सामान्य राय
- • say
- • believe
- • think
- • understand
आधिकारिक रिपोर्ट
- • report
- • announce
- • state
- • allege
अपेक्षा/ज्ञान
- • expect
- • know
- • consider
- • assume
स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण
It is said that he is rich.
Se dice que él es rico.
It is known that she is a teacher.
Se sabe que ella es profesora.
It is thought that it will rain.
Se piensa que lloverá.
It is reported that the shop is closed.
Se informa que la tienda está cerrada.
It is believed that they live in London.
Se cree que viven en Londres.
It is said that the food here is good.
Se dice que la comida aquí es buena.
It is known that water boils at 100 degrees.
Se sabe que el agua hierve a 100 grados.
It is thought that the movie starts at 8.
Se piensa que la película empieza a las 8.
He is said to be a very talented musician.
Se dice que es un músico muy talentoso.
It is reported that the strike will end soon.
Se informa que la huelga terminará pronto.
The company is thought to be losing money.
Se piensa que la empresa está perdiendo dinero.
It was once believed that the sun went around the Earth.
Una vez se creyó que el sol giraba alrededor de la Tierra.
The suspect is alleged to have fled the country.
Se alega que el sospechoso ha huido del país.
It is widely considered that his latest book is his best.
Se considera ampliamente que su último libro es el mejor.
The painting is believed to be a genuine Picasso.
Se cree que la pintura es un Picasso auténtico.
It is expected that interest rates will rise next month.
Se espera que las tasas de interés suban el próximo mes.
The manuscript is purported to be the work of a 15th-century monk.
Se pretende que el manuscrito sea obra de un monje del siglo XV.
It is contended that the current policy is fundamentally flawed.
Se sostiene que la política actual es fundamentalmente defectuosa.
The CEO is understood to be considering his resignation.
Se entiende que el CEO está considerando su renuncia.
It has been suggested that the two events are linked.
Se ha sugerido que los dos eventos están vinculados.
The findings are widely held to have significant implications for the field.
Se considera ampliamente que los hallazgos tienen implicaciones significativas para el campo.
It is surmised that the civilization collapsed due to prolonged drought.
Se conjetura que la civilización colapsó debido a una sequía prolongada.
The senator is reputed to have been involved in the scandal.
Se dice que el senador estuvo involucrado en el escándalo.
It is gathered from the evidence that the fire was intentional.
Se deduce de la evidencia que el incendio fue intencional.
आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले
Learners often use 'They say' in formal writing where 'It is said' is required.
Mixing up 'The book was written' (action) with 'The book is said to be' (opinion).
Using 'It says' to mean 'People say'.
सामान्य गलतियाँ
Is said that he is rich.
It is said that he is rich.
People is said he is rich.
It is said he is rich.
It says that he is rich.
It is said that he is rich.
He said to be rich.
He is said to be rich.
It is thought he rich.
It is thought that he is rich.
He is thought being rich.
He is thought to be rich.
It believed that...
It is believed that...
He is said to have steal the money.
He is said to have stolen the money.
It is reported the plane to be late.
It is reported that the plane is late.
He is thought to be live in London.
He is thought to live in London.
The CEO is alleged having lied.
The CEO is alleged to have lied.
It is contended the policy being wrong.
It is contended that the policy is wrong.
वाक्य संरचनाएँ
It is ___ that ___.
___ is/are thought to ___.
It was once believed that ___.
The suspect is alleged to have ___.
Real World Usage
It is reported that the storm is heading north.
It is generally accepted that the data is accurate.
He's said to be getting a promotion.
The defendant is alleged to have committed the act.
It was believed that the king had died in battle.
The fountain is said to bring good luck.
सही 'it' चुनो
It is said that the new policy will be beneficial.
'to' मत भूलो!
He is said to be a genius.
अपने infinitives में विविधता लाओ
is said to be), भूतकाल की क्रियाओं के लिए 'to have + past participle' (जैसे is said to have done), और जारी क्रियाओं के लिए 'to be + -ing' (जैसे is said to be doing) का इस्तेमाल करो. इससे तुम्हारी बात ज़्यादा सटीक लगेगी! The project is said to be progressing well.
निष्पक्ष लगना
It is reported that the economy is improving.
अपना संदर्भ जांचो
Smart Tips
Start your sentences with 'It is reported that...' or 'It is alleged that...'.
Use the 'Subject + is said to' pattern. It's more descriptive.
Avoid 'I think'. Use 'It is considered that...' or 'It is argued that...'.
Use 'to have + V3' to show the action happened before the reporting.
उच्चारण
Stress on the reporting verb
In the phrase 'It is SAID that', the stress usually falls on the past participle to emphasize the nature of the report.
Linking 'It is'
In natural speech, 'It is' often sounds like 'It's' or 'Idiz' with a soft 'd' sound in American English.
Falling intonation for facts
It is known that the Earth is round. ↘
Conveys certainty and authority.
Rising intonation for rumors
It is said that he's leaving? ↗
Conveys doubt or asks for confirmation.
याद करें
स्मृति सहायक
Remember S.T.A.R.: Said, Thought, Alleged, Reported. These are your 4 main reporting stars!
दृश्य संबंध
Imagine a news anchor sitting behind a desk. They aren't saying 'I think...', they are reading a script that says 'It is reported that...'. The desk is the 'It is' that supports the whole story.
Rhyme
When you don't know who to blame, 'It is said' is the name of the game!
Story
A secret agent needs to share information without revealing his source. He writes a letter starting with 'It is believed that the enemy is near.' By using the passive, he keeps his source safe and sounds like a professional spy.
Word Web
चैलेंज
Look at a news headline today. Try to rewrite it using 'It is said that...' or 'The [Subject] is reported to...'.
सांस्कृतिक नोट्स
British academic writing relies heavily on the impersonal passive to sound modest and objective, avoiding 'I think' at all costs.
Journalists use 'alleged' to avoid lawsuits (libel). If they say 'He stole it', they can be sued. If they say 'He is alleged to have stolen it', they are safe.
In casual conversation, 'It's said that' is less common than 'Word has it' or 'They say', but 'He's said to be' is common when discussing celebrities.
This structure comes from the Latin 'impersonal passive' where verbs like 'dicitur' (it is said) were used to convey general truths.
बातचीत की शुरुआत
It is said that travel broadens the mind. Do you agree?
He is thought to be the greatest athlete of all time. Who am I talking about?
It is rumored that a new iPhone is coming out soon. Have you heard anything?
In your country, what is said to be the best dish for a visitor to try?
डायरी विषय
सामान्य गलतियाँ
Test Yourself
It ___ that the new restaurant serves amazing vegan food.
Find and fix the mistake:
The actor is reported having a new role in a Netflix series.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Se cree que la compañía lanzará un nuevo producto pronto.'
Answer starts with: ["I...
Score: /4
अभ्यास प्रश्न
8 exercisesIt ___ that the Earth was flat.
He is thought ___ in New York.
Find and fix the mistake:
Is said that the movie is very long.
She ___ a genius.
'It is reported the company to be closing.'
Match: 1. Allege, 2. Surmise, 3. Rumor
A: They say he's late. B: He is reported to be late.
It is ___ that...
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesThe new policy ___ to improve working conditions for remote employees.
It is thought the team leader is resigning.
Which sentence is correct?
Se dice que el museo está abierto hasta tarde los jueves.
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the sentence halves:
The suspect ___ to have fled the country immediately after the incident.
It is saying that this view is incredible! #travelgram
Which option is grammatically sound?
Se rumorea que esta canción será el éxito del verano.
Reorder the words to form a coherent sentence:
Match the verb to its common usage context:
Score: /12
अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल (8)
You can! But 'It is said' is more formal and objective. It's better for writing.
No, only verbs of thinking (believe, think), saying (report, claim), or knowing (know, understand).
Meaning is the same. 'It is said that' focuses on the whole idea; 'He is said to' focuses on the person.
Both are correct. 'It's said' is more common in speaking; 'It is said' is better for formal writing.
Yes! 'It is expected that...' is a common way to talk about the future.
No. Use 'It is said that' or 'I was told that'.
Use 'It was said that...' or 'He is said to have been...'.
Yes, it's standard in both British and American English, especially in news.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Se dice que...
Spanish doesn't use a dummy subject like 'It'.
On dit que...
French uses an active structure (On dit) for the same purpose.
Es wird gesagt, dass...
German word order in the 'dass' clause is different.
...to iwarete iru
Japanese puts the reporting verb at the end of the sentence.
Yuqal anna...
Arabic doesn't need a separate word for 'It' or 'is'.
据说是 (Jùshuō shì)
Chinese has no passive conjugation for this; it's a lexical choice.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
संबंधित वीडियो
This is the most common way to get head lice - Nazzy Pakpour
Was the Trojan War Fought Over a Rock?
You might be surprised by what you'd find in your pores - M. Alejandra Perotti
Passive Reporting Verbs | English Grammar | It is said that | It is believed that | By Punit Sir
Punit Sir's English Classes
Passive Voice in Hindi | Passive Reporting Verbs | English Grammar | By Punit Sir
Punit Sir's English Classes
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