When you want to emphasize an extreme situation or consequence, you can use 甚至于. It shows that something goes as far as a particular point, often an unexpected or surprising one. Think of it as saying "it even got to the point where..." or "it was so much so that..."
“甚至于” (shèn zhì yú) is a useful conjunction that connects a statement with an extreme or unexpected consequence or example. It emphasizes that something has reached an advanced degree or has had a significant impact. You'll often see it used to highlight the severity or broadness of a situation.
Think of it as a stronger way to say “even” or “so much so that.” It helps to convey a sense of escalation or an ultimate result. Mastering “甚至于” will allow you to express more nuanced relationships between ideas in your Chinese.
§ Understanding 甚至于
Alright, so you've learned 甚至于 (shèn zhì yú), which means 'even to the extent of' or 'so much so that'. It's a handy phrase for emphasizing an extreme or surprising consequence or situation. But Chinese has a few ways to express similar ideas, so let's break down when to use 甚至于 and how it compares to some common alternatives.
- DEFINITION
- Even to the extent of; so much so that. It highlights an extreme or unexpected outcome.
§ 甚至 (shèn zhì) vs. 甚至于 (shèn zhì yú)
The most common comparison is with 甚至 (shèn zhì). They are very similar, and often interchangeable, especially in modern spoken Chinese. However, there's a subtle difference in formality and emphasis.
甚至 (shèn zhì): This is more common in everyday conversation and writing. It simply means 'even' or 'so much so that'. It introduces an extreme example or consequence directly.
他很生气，甚至砸了杯子。
He was very angry, even smashed a cup. (砸了杯子 - smashed a cup)
甚至于 (shèn zhì yú): The added 于 (yú) often gives it a slightly more formal or literary feel. It emphasizes the *degree* or *extent* to which something happened, implying a more profound or far-reaching consequence. Think of it as 'reaching the point where' or 'to the degree that'. While it can be used interchangeably with 甚至 in many contexts, 甚至于 often carries a stronger sense of progression towards an extreme.
他工作太忙，甚至于忘记了吃饭。
He was too busy with work, even to the extent of forgetting to eat. (忘记了吃饭 - forgot to eat)
§ 连…都/也 (lián…dōu/yě) vs. 甚至于
Another common structure to express 'even' is 连…都/也 (lián…dōu/yě). This structure focuses on including an item or situation that you wouldn't expect to be included. It often implies 'even [unexpected thing] is included/happened'.
连…都/也 (lián…dōu/yě): This structure emphasizes that something surprisingly includes an extreme or an unexpected case. It's often used when you're highlighting an item at the 'edge' of a set.
连小孩子都知道这个道理。
Even children know this principle. (小孩子 - children; 这个道理 - this principle)
甚至于 (shèn zhì yú): While 连…都/也 focuses on the unexpected inclusion, 甚至于 focuses on the unexpected *degree* or *result* of an action or situation. It sets up a cause-and-effect relationship, with 甚至于 introducing the extreme effect.
这个问题太难了，甚至于教授也解决不了。
This problem is too difficult, even to the extent that the professor can't solve it. (教授 - professor; 解决不了 - can't solve)
§ In summary
While these words and structures share similar meanings, understanding their subtle differences will make your Chinese sound more natural and precise.
Use 甚至 for a general 'even' or 'so much so that' in most contexts.
Use 甚至于 when you want to add a touch more formality, or strongly emphasize the *extent* or *degree* of an extreme consequence.
Use 连…都/也 when you want to highlight an unexpected item or situation that is included, often implying a 'surprisingly, even this is true'.
Practice using them in different sentences to get a feel for their nuances. You'll get it!
रोचक तथ्य
While '甚至' (shèn zhì) is commonly used as a conjunction meaning 'even' or 'so much so that', the addition of '于' (yú) in '甚至于' emphasizes the consequence or result, often implying a degree that might be unexpected or surprising.
उच्चारण मार्गदर्शिका
- Incorrect tone on 'yú'
- Confusing 'zhì' with 'zhī'
ज़रूरी व्याकरण
甚至于 (shèn zhì yú) often appears before a clause or phrase to introduce an extreme or surprising case, emphasizing the extent of a situation.
他工作太努力了，甚至于忘了吃饭。 (He worked so hard that he even forgot to eat.)
It can be used to connect two clauses, where the second clause indicates an outcome or consequence that is more extreme than expected.
雨下得很大，甚至于把路都淹了。 (The rain was so heavy that it even flooded the roads.)
When used with verbs, 甚至于 can highlight an action that goes beyond the normal or expected boundaries.
他病得很重，甚至于不能说话。 (He was so sick that he couldn't even speak.)
In some contexts, 甚至于 can be interchangeable with 甚至 (shèn zhì), but 甚至于 often carries a slightly stronger emphasis on the extent or degree.
她很生气，甚至于不跟我说话了。 (She was so angry that she even stopped talking to me.)
It can also be used to introduce an example that represents the furthest or most extreme point of a category or situation.
这个地方很偏远，甚至于连手机信号都没有。 (This place is so remote that there isn't even a cell phone signal.)
स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण
他很喜欢吃辣，甚至于每天都吃。
He likes spicy food very much, so much so that he eats it every day.
她工作很努力，甚至于周末也不休息。
She works very hard, even to the extent of not resting on weekends.
这个地方很冷，甚至于夏天也需要穿厚衣服。
This place is very cold, even in summer you need to wear thick clothes.
他太忙了，甚至于没有时间吃饭。
He is too busy, so much so that he doesn't have time to eat.
她很喜欢读书，甚至于睡前也要看书。
She likes reading very much, even to the extent of reading before bed.
他很节俭，甚至于不舍得买新衣服。
He is very frugal, so much so that he is reluctant to buy new clothes.
这个孩子很聪明，甚至于能解决大人的问题。
This child is very smart, even to the extent of being able to solve adult problems.
他病得很重，甚至于不能说话。
He is very sick, so much so that he cannot speak.
他很喜欢猫，甚至于他家里有五只猫。
He likes cats a lot, even to the extent that he has five cats at home.
她工作很忙，甚至于周末也没有时间休息。
She is very busy with work, so much so that she doesn't even have time to rest on weekends.
这个城市很漂亮，甚至于我都想住在这里。
This city is so beautiful, even to the extent that I want to live here.
他学习很努力，甚至于每天都学习到深夜。
He studies very hard, even to the extent that he studies until late every night.
那家饭店的菜很好吃，甚至于我吃了两碗饭。
The food at that restaurant is so delicious, I even ate two bowls of rice.
天气很冷，甚至于我都穿了两件外套。
The weather is very cold, so much so that I even wore two coats.
他跑步很快，甚至于他得了第一名。
He runs very fast, even to the extent that he won first place.
这个故事很感人，甚至于我都哭了。
This story is very touching, so much so that I even cried.
मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ
"甚至于到了深夜还在工作。"
Even working late into the night.
他为了完成项目，甚至于到了深夜还在工作。 He worked so hard to finish the project, even working late into the night.
neutral"甚至于开除他。"
Even to the point of firing him.
老板对他很不满意，甚至于开除他。 The boss was very unhappy with him, even to the point of firing him.
neutral"甚至于忽略了家人。"
So much so that he neglected his family.
他沉迷于游戏，甚至于忽略了家人。 He was so addicted to games that he neglected his family.
neutral"甚至于失去了联系。"
Even lost contact.
他们吵了一架，甚至于失去了联系。 They had a fight, and even lost contact.
neutral"甚至于不吃不喝。"
Even without eating or drinking.
她生病了，甚至于不吃不喝。 She was sick, even without eating or drinking.
neutral"甚至于放弃了梦想。"
Even gave up on his dream.
他遇到了很多困难，甚至于放弃了梦想。 He encountered many difficulties, even giving up on his dream.
neutral"甚至于倾家荡产。"
Even to the point of losing all his fortune.
他赌博成瘾，甚至于倾家荡产。 He was addicted to gambling, even to the point of losing all his fortune.
neutral"甚至于忘记了自己是谁。"
Even forgot who he was.
他喝醉了，甚至于忘记了自己是谁。 He was so drunk that he even forgot who he was.
neutral"甚至于感到绝望。"
Even felt desperate.
面对如此大的压力，他甚至于感到绝望。 Facing such great pressure, he even felt desperate.
neutral"甚至于改变了主意。"
Even changed his mind.
她听了我的劝告，甚至于改变了主意。 She listened to my advice and even changed her mind.
neutralइसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें
Usage Notes:
甚至于 (shèn zhì yú) is a phrase that emphasizes an extreme or unexpected situation, indicating that something goes as far as a certain point or degree. It can be used to connect clauses, often highlighting a surprising consequence or an extensive scope. It's more formal than 甚至 (shèn zhì) and often implies a stronger degree of emphasis.
Examples:
1. 他对工作非常投入，甚至于废寝忘食。(He is so dedicated to his work that he even forgets to eat and sleep.)
2. 这个问题非常复杂，甚至于专家们也感到困惑。(This problem is so complex that even the experts are confused.)
3. 那个地方很偏僻，甚至于连手机信号都没有。(That place is so remote that there's even no cell phone signal.)
Common Mistakes:
1. Confusing 甚至于 with 甚至: While both mean 'even,' 甚至于 adds a stronger sense of 'to the extent of' or 'so much so that,' implying a more extreme or surprising outcome. Use 甚至于 when you want to emphasize the degree or reach of something.
Incorrect: 他很忙，甚至忘了吃饭。(He's busy, even forgot to eat.) - While grammatically correct, 甚至于 would add more emphasis on the extent of his busyness.
Correct: 他很忙，甚至于废寝忘食。(He's so busy that he even forgets to eat and sleep.)
2. Overusing 甚至于: Because it carries a strong emphasis, using 甚至于 too frequently can make your writing sound overly dramatic or unnatural. Use it judiciously when you truly want to highlight an extreme situation.
3. Incorrect placement: 甚至于 typically introduces a clause that describes the extreme situation. Make sure it's placed correctly to modify the intended part of the sentence.
Incorrect: 甚至于他生病了，也来上班。(Even he was sick, came to work.)
Correct: 他工作非常努力，甚至于生病了也坚持上班。(He works very hard, even to the extent that he insists on working when he's sick.)
शब्द की उत्पत्ति
The term '甚至于' (shèn zhì yú) is a combination of '甚' (shèn), meaning 'very' or 'extremely', '至' (zhì), meaning 'to arrive' or 'to reach', and '于' (yú), a classical Chinese preposition equivalent to 'in', 'on', 'at', or 'to'.
मूल अर्थ: Its original meaning conveyed the idea of reaching an extreme point or a high degree.
Sino-Tibetan, Sinitic, Chineseसांस्कृतिक संदर्भ
Culturally, '甚至于' is used to underscore a point by presenting an extreme example or consequence, highlighting the intensity or breadth of a situation. It's often used in formal writing or speeches to create a more impactful statement, drawing attention to a significant outcome or development. In everyday conversation, '甚至' is more common, but '甚至于' can be used for added emphasis.
खुद को परखो 54 सवाल
她很喜欢运动，_______ 每天都跑步。
The sentence indicates an extreme level of liking for sports, leading to daily running. '甚至于' fits this context perfectly, meaning 'even to the extent of'.
他工作很忙，_______ 都没有时间吃饭。
The sentence describes an extreme level of busyness, to the point of not having time to eat. '甚至于' conveys this idea of 'so much so that'.
这个地方很冷，_______ 冬天会下雪。
The sentence implies that the coldness of the place is so extreme that it even snows in winter. '甚至于' highlights this extreme condition.
你喜欢学习中文，甚至于每天都听中文歌。
'甚至于' is used correctly here to show an extreme level of liking for learning Chinese, extending to listening to Chinese songs daily.
他不喜欢吃辣，甚至于他吃了很多辣的菜。
This statement is contradictory. If he doesn't like spicy food, he wouldn't eat a lot of it. '甚至于' is used to show an extreme, so it would imply he eats very little or avoids it entirely.
她很早就起床了，甚至于太阳还没出来。
'甚至于' is used correctly to emphasize how early she woke up, even before the sun appeared.
He even forgot his own birthday.
She is very busy, so much so that she doesn't even have time to eat.
This place is very remote, even to the extent that there's no cell phone signal.
Read this aloud:
他工作很努力，甚至于周末也在加班。
Focus: 甚至于 (shènzhìyú)
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
我太累了，甚至于不想说话。
Focus: 甚至于 (shènzhìyú)
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
这个问题很简单，甚至于小孩子都能懂。
Focus: 甚至于 (shènzhìyú)
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Write a short sentence describing something that is good, even to the extent of being perfect.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
这个蛋糕很好吃，甚至于可以说完美。
Write a sentence about an action that someone did that was surprising, even to the point of being unbelievable.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
他跑得很快，甚至于打破了世界纪录。
Describe something that is very difficult, even to the point of being impossible.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
这个作业很难，甚至于我不知道怎么开始。
根据这段话，他周末做了什么？
Read this passage:
他工作很努力，每天学习到很晚。为了完成项目，他甚至于周末也不休息。
根据这段话，他周末做了什么？
文章中提到“他甚至于周末也不休息”，说明他周末也在工作。
文章中提到“他甚至于周末也不休息”，说明他周末也在工作。
为什么很多人愿意排队等这家餐厅？
Read this passage:
这家餐厅的菜很好吃，价格也不贵。很多人都喜欢来这里，甚至于排队也要等很久。
为什么很多人愿意排队等这家餐厅？
文章中提到“菜很好吃，价格也不贵”，所以很多人愿意排队等。
文章中提到“菜很好吃，价格也不贵”，所以很多人愿意排队等。
根据这段话，外面天气怎么样？
Read this passage:
天气很冷，外面下着大雪。路上没有人，甚至于商店也关门了。
根据这段话，外面天气怎么样？
文章中提到“天气很冷，外面下着大雪”，所以外面天气很冷。
文章中提到“天气很冷，外面下着大雪”，所以外面天气很冷。
This sentence means 'He likes to eat fruit, apples.' It's a simple declarative sentence.
This sentence means 'I want to go to the store to buy clothes.' The structure is Subject + 想 (want) + Verb Phrase (去 商店 买 衣服).
This sentence means 'She is watching TV at home.' The structure is Subject + 在 (at/in) + Location + Verb Phrase.
他工作很努力，___ 忘记吃饭。
The sentence expresses an extreme degree of hard work, leading to forgetting to eat. '甚至于' (even to the extent of) fits best.
这个地方很安静，___ 连鸟叫声都听不到。
The sentence describes an extreme level of quietness, where even bird calls are absent. '甚至于' (even to the extent of) emphasizes this extreme.
他非常喜欢那本书，___ 读了好几遍。
The sentence indicates an extreme fondness for the book, leading to multiple readings. '甚至于' (so much so that) highlights this intensity.
天气很冷，___ 连水都结冰了。
The sentence describes an extreme coldness where even water freezes. '甚至于' (even to the extent of) effectively conveys this extreme condition.
她很害羞，___ 不敢和陌生人说话。
The sentence explains an extreme shyness that prevents her from speaking to strangers. '甚至于' (so much so that) emphasizes this extreme shyness.
这个任务太难了，___ 经验丰富的人都觉得困惑。
The sentence describes a task so difficult that even experienced individuals are confused. '甚至于' (even to the extent of) emphasizes the task's extreme difficulty.
Choose the best translation for '甚至于' in the following sentence: 他太忙了，甚至于忘了吃饭。
甚至于 (shèn zhì yú) indicates that something goes to an extreme or unexpected level, meaning 'even to the extent of' or 'so much so that'.
Which sentence uses '甚至于' correctly?
Option A correctly uses 甚至于 to show an extreme reaction to happiness. Options B, C, and D do not convey the same sense of an extreme or unexpected degree.
Fill in the blank: 他工作非常努力，___ 生病了。(Tā gōngzuò fēicháng nǔlì, ___ shēngbìng le. He works very hard, ___ got sick.)
甚至于 (shènzhì yú) fits best here to express that his hard work led to an extreme consequence, getting sick.
The sentence '他很累，甚至于睡着了。' (Tā hěn lèi, shènzhì yú shuìzháo le.) means 'He is very tired, so he fell asleep.'
是的 (Shì de). 甚至于 (shènzhì yú) emphasizes the extreme extent of his tiredness, leading to him falling asleep.
You can use '甚至于' to introduce a common or expected outcome.
不对 (Bú duì). 甚至于 (shènzhì yú) is used to introduce an extreme, unexpected, or surprising outcome.
The sentence '她喜欢吃米饭，甚至于面条。' (Tā xǐhuān chī mǐfàn, shènzhì yú miàntiáo.) means 'She likes to eat rice, and even noodles.'
是的 (Shì de). In this context, 甚至于 (shènzhì yú) extends her preference to noodles, showing that she likes both, with noodles being an additional item she likes.
This sentence describes someone being so happy that they even jumped up. '甚至于' introduces the extreme outcome.
This sentence indicates that someone worked so hard that they forgot to eat. '甚至于' highlights the extent of their effort.
This sentence shows that the weather was so cold that it even snowed. '甚至于' emphasizes the severity of the cold.
The correct order is to state the initial situation first, followed by '甚至于' to introduce the extreme outcome.
Start with the main clause, then use '甚至于' to introduce the surprising result or consequence.
Place '甚至于' before the phrase that describes the extreme or surprising aspect of the previous statement.
This sentence means 'He even forgot his own name.' '甚至于' introduces an extreme consequence.
This sentence means 'This problem is so complex that even experts are at a loss.' '甚至于' highlights the extent of the complexity.
This sentence means 'Her love for music was so great that she even gave up her studies.' '甚至于' shows the extreme result of her passion.
/ 54 correct
Perfect score!
संबंधित सामग्री
यह शब्द अन्य भाषाओं में
संबंधित ग्रामर रूल्स
संबंधित मुहावरे
daily_life के और शब्द
朝九晚五
B2From nine to five; regular working hours.
未免
B2Rather; a bit too; truly (implies something excessive).
废弃
B2To abandon; to discard; to cease to use.
恪守
B2To scrupulously observe; to strictly adhere to.
反常
B2abnormal, unusual
充裕
B2Abundant; ample.
充沛
B2Abundant; plentiful; full of energy.
门禁卡
B2Access card; entry card.
门禁
B2Access control (system).
配件
B2Fittings; accessories; spare parts.
