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B2 noun 9分で読める

إجحاف

ijkhaaf

練習する例文メモとヒント إجحاف 30秒で

解説 إجحاف in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'ijḥāf' is a very advanced word that you likely won't use. However, you can think of it as a very strong way to say 'not fair.' In Arabic, we usually say 'laysa ‘adlan' for 'not fair.' This word 'ijḥāf' is much bigger. It is like when a teacher gives everyone an 'A' except you, and you did all the work. That is 'ijḥāf.' You don't need to speak it yet, but if you see it, just remember it means something is very unfair. It is a noun, so it acts like 'justice' or 'fairness' in a sentence. For now, focus on simple words, but keep 'ijḥāf' in the back of your mind as a 'super-unfair' word. It is used in news and big books, not usually when talking to friends about lunch. If you want to say something is unfair at this level, stick to 'mush ‘adl.' As you grow in Arabic, you will learn how to use this more professional word to describe big problems in the world or in contracts.

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At the A2 level, you are starting to see more formal words in short news clips or simple stories. 'Ijḥāf' is a noun that means 'gross injustice.' You might see it in a sentence like 'This is unfair to the students.' In Arabic: 'Hādha ijḥāf bi-ḥaqq al-ṭullāb.' Notice the 'bi-ḥaqq' part—it means 'against the right of.' Even though this is a B2 word, knowing it now helps you understand when people are complaining about something important. It's not for small things like losing a game. It's for things like a boss not paying a worker. You can start to recognize the root J-Ḥ-F. Roots are the building blocks of Arabic. This root means something that sweeps things away. So, 'ijḥāf' is an injustice that 'sweeps away' your rights. Try to remember it as a synonym for 'extreme unfairness' that you would use in a letter or a formal speech. Don't worry about using it in every sentence, just recognize it when you hear someone talking about rights or laws.

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At the B1 level, you should begin to incorporate 'ijḥāf' into your formal writing and more serious discussions. You are moving beyond simple daily life and starting to discuss social issues. 'Ijḥāf' is perfect for this. It is more precise than 'zulm' (injustice). While 'zulm' can be any bad deed, 'ijḥāf' specifically refers to prejudice or an unfair deal. For example, if you are writing an essay about the environment, you might say that certain policies are an 'ijḥāf' to poor countries. This shows you have a sophisticated vocabulary. You should also learn the common phrase 'min al-ijḥāf an...' which means 'It is unfair to...' This is a great way to start a sentence when you want to make a strong point. Practice using it with the preposition 'bi' to specify who is being treated unfairly. By using 'ijḥāf', you signal to native speakers that you understand the nuances of formal Arabic and that you can distinguish between different types of unfairness. It's a key word for reaching the upper-intermediate level.

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At the B2 level, 'ijḥāf' is a core part of your vocabulary. You should be able to use it fluently in legal, professional, and academic contexts. You understand that it implies a measurable harm or a lack of objective valuation. For instance, in a business context, you might describe a contract as 'mujiḥ' (the adjective form, meaning prejudicial or unfair). You should be able to distinguish 'ijḥāf' from 'ghabn' (commercial cheating) and 'ta’assuf' (arbitrary use of power). At this level, you should also be comfortable using it in the 'maṣdar' form as a subject or object. You might say, 'Al-ijḥāf al-ladhī ta’arraḍa lahu al-muwaẓẓaf adā ilā istiqālatihi' (The gross injustice the employee was subjected to led to his resignation). You are also expected to recognize it in fast-paced news broadcasts and understand the emotional and legal weight it carries. It is no longer just a 'vocabulary word' but a tool for precise communication about rights and ethics. You should also be aware of its collocations, such as 'ijḥāf ṣārikh' (flagrant injustice).

At the C1 level, you use 'ijḥāf' with precision and stylistic flair. You understand its etymological roots in the concept of 'sweeping away' and can use this knowledge to appreciate its use in classical and modern literature. You can use it to critique complex systems, such as 'al-ijḥāf al-haykalī' (structural prejudice). You are also able to use the Form IV verb 'ajḥafa' and its active participle 'mujiḥ' in various contexts. In a debate, you might use 'ijḥāf' to deconstruct an opponent's argument, pointing out that their evaluation of a situation is 'mujiḥ' because it ignores key variables. You also understand the legal implications of the term in different Arab jurisdictions, particularly in contract law and 'ijḥāf' in the context of 'ghabn fāḥish' (gross imbalance). Your use of the word is natural, and you know exactly when to choose it over 'jawr', 'zulm', or 'ḥayf.' You can also identify it in poetry or high-level political rhetoric where it is used to evoke a sense of deep, systemic grievance. It is a word that you not only know but can manipulate to achieve specific rhetorical effects.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of 'ijḥāf' is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. You are aware of the subtle historical shifts in the word's usage and can identify its presence in various registers, from classical legal treatises to contemporary postmodern critiques. You can engage in deep philosophical discussions about the nature of 'ijḥāf' versus '‘adl' (justice) and 'qiṣṭ' (equity). You might use the word in a scholarly paper to describe the 'ijḥāf' inherent in certain historiographical traditions that marginalize subaltern voices. You are also sensitive to the word's prosody and how it fits into the rhythm of formal Arabic oratory. You can use it to describe not just human actions, but abstract concepts, such as 'the prejudice of time' or 'the unfairness of fate,' though these are more metaphorical. Essentially, you have a complete 'feel' for the word—you know its weight, its color, and its resonance. You can use it to express the most delicate nuances of unfairness, and you understand the profound social and legal call to action that the word often implies in the Arab world.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

إجحاف 30秒で

Ijhaf is a formal Arabic noun meaning 'gross injustice' or 'severe prejudice.'
It comes from a root meaning 'to sweep away,' implying rights are being removed.
It is commonly used in legal, professional, and journalistic Arabic contexts.
The word is almost always paired with the preposition 'bi' or the phrase 'bi-haqq'.

The Arabic word إجحاف (ijḥāf) is a powerful noun derived from the root ج-ح-ف (j-ḥ-f), which fundamentally relates to the act of sweeping away, uprooting, or causing a debilitating loss. In a modern linguistic context, إجحاف describes a profound level of unfairness, inequity, or prejudice that doesn't just annoy but actively harms the victim's rights or status. It is often translated as 'gross injustice' or 'prejudice.' Unlike the general word for injustice (ظلم - ẓulm), إجحاف specifically implies that a balance has been tipped so far that one party is being deprived of what is rightfully theirs in a way that is visible and measurable.

Etymological Root: The root indicates a 'sweeping' motion, like a flood that carries everything away. This suggests that the injustice is so strong it sweeps away the victim's rights entirely.

يعتبر هذا القرار إجحافاً كبيراً بحق العمال الذين خدموا الشركة لسنوات طويلة.

This word is most frequently encountered in formal debates, legal documents, and news reports. You would use it when discussing a contract that is heavily biased toward one side, a court ruling that ignores critical evidence, or a social policy that marginalizes a specific group. It carries a heavy emotional and moral weight, signaling that the speaker believes a serious wrong has been committed.

Legal Nuance: In legal contexts, 'ijḥāf' often refers to 'lesion' or 'unfair advantage' in contracts where there is a gross disparity between the obligations and the benefits.

لا يمكننا القبول بهذا العقد بسبب ما فيه من إجحاف واضح لشروطنا.

من الإجحاف أن نحكم على الكتاب من غلافه فقط دون قراءة محتواه.

هناك إجحاف تاريخي تعرضت له هذه الأقلية في بلادهم الأصلية.

إن وصف هذه التجربة بالفشل فيه الكثير من الإجحاف.

Social Weight: In social discourse, it highlights a lack of appreciation. If someone works hard and gets no credit, people say there is 'ijḥāf' in evaluating their effort.

When using this word, you are appealing to the listener's sense of objective justice. It is not just about feeling bad; it is about a factual imbalance that needs correction. In the modern Arab world, you will see this word in headlines regarding international relations, especially when one country feels another is imposing unfair conditions on them. It is also common in labor disputes where workers feel their salaries do not match their output. Essentially, 'ijḥāf' is the word for when 'unfair' is simply too weak a term to describe the situation.

Using 'ijḥāf' correctly requires understanding its grammatical role as a verbal noun (masdar). It behaves like a standard noun in Arabic, often appearing as the subject of a sentence, the object of a verb, or following a preposition. One of the most common patterns is 'min al-ijḥāf an...' (It is unfair to...), which sets up a subordinate clause explaining the injustice. For example, 'Min al-ijḥāf an nattahimahu dūna dalīl' (It is unfair/grossly prejudicial to accuse him without evidence). This structure is a staple of formal Arabic rhetoric.

Common Phrasing: The phrase 'bi-ḥaqq' (against the right of) is almost always used with 'ijḥāf' to specify the victim.

شعر الموظف بـ إجحاف شديد عندما تم تجاوزه في الترقية.

Another common usage is in the context of evaluation. When a critic gives a harsh review that ignores the positive aspects of a work, an Arabic speaker might say 'Hādha al-naqd fīhi ijḥāf' (This criticism contains prejudice/unfairness). It implies that the critic was not objective.

Collocation with Adjectives: It is frequently paired with 'ṣārikh' (flagrant) or 'kabīr' (great) to emphasize the degree of injustice.

هناك إجحاف صارخ في توزيع الموارد بين المدن والقرى.

لا نريد أي إجحاف يلحق بمصالح الشركاء الصغار.

هل تعتقد أن القوانين الحالية تتضمن إجحافاً ضد المرأة؟

التقييم السنوي كان فيه نوع من الإجحاف لجهودي.

Prepositional Use: When you want to say 'without prejudice to,' the phrase 'dūna ijḥāf bi-' is used in legal contexts.

In academic writing, 'ijḥāf' is used to describe theoretical biases. For instance, a historian might argue that previous accounts of a war involve 'ijḥāf' toward the losing side, meaning their perspective was unfairly omitted or distorted. This versatility makes it an essential word for anyone moving from intermediate to advanced Arabic proficiency. It allows you to express complex ethical judgments with a single, precise term that resonates with native speakers' sense of fairness and linguistic heritage. Whether you are writing a letter of complaint or analyzing a political situation, 'ijḥāf' provides the necessary gravitas to your argument.

You will encounter 'ijḥāf' in environments where formal communication and justice are paramount. The most common place is the news media. When a spokesperson for a government or an organization feels that an international report has been one-sided, they will almost certainly use the word 'ijḥāf.' It is the 'go-to' word for diplomatic protest. For example, 'The ministry expressed its rejection of the report, describing it as containing gross prejudice (ijḥāf) against the state's achievements.'

Legal Settings: In a courtroom, a lawyer might argue that a particular piece of evidence or a specific law causes 'ijḥāf' to their client's rights.

صدر الحكم القضائي دون أي إجحاف بحقوق الورثة.

Beyond the news and law, you will hear it in intellectual and literary discussions. In talk shows where social issues are debated, guests often use 'ijḥāf' to describe the way society views certain professions or demographics. For instance, a teacher might say that the low salaries in the education sector are an 'ijḥāf' to the nobility of the profession. This usage highlights the word's connection to the concept of 'appreciation' or 'valuation.'

Workplace Grievances: HR meetings or formal emails regarding salary reviews often feature this word to describe perceived unfairness.

تحدث المحلل السياسي عن إجحاف المجتمع الدولي تجاه القضية.

هذه السياسة المالية فيها إجحاف بحق الطبقة الوسطى.

لا يمكن إنكار أن هناك إجحافاً في توزيع الفرص التعليمية.

شعرنا بـ الإجحاف عندما تم تجاهل مساهماتنا في المشروع.

Historical Texts: Modern historians use it to criticize biased colonial narratives that 'ijḥāf' (prejudice) the local history.

In summary, 'ijḥāf' is the language of the 'wronged party' in formal settings. It is used to voice a grievance that is based on more than just emotion; it is based on a perceived violation of a standard of fairness. When you hear it, pay attention to the 'bi-ḥaqq' (against the right of) that follows, as it identifies the victim of the injustice. It is a word that demands a response and often starts a process of negotiation or legal review.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is using 'ijḥāf' in casual, everyday situations where a simpler word like 'ghalṭ' (wrong) or 'mush ‘adl' (not fair) would be more appropriate. For example, if a friend takes the last piece of pizza, saying 'Hādha ijḥāf!' sounds overly dramatic and slightly comical, like saying 'This is a gross miscarriage of justice!' in English. Reserve 'ijḥāf' for situations involving rights, contracts, evaluations, or systemic issues.

Confusing with Zulm: While often used as synonyms, 'zulm' is broader and can refer to any wrongdoing. 'Ijḥāf' is more specific to prejudice or unfair valuation/distribution.

الخطأ: هذا إجحاف لأنك لم تعطني قلمك. (Too heavy for a pen).

Another common error is failing to use the correct preposition. Many students try to use 'ala' (on) or 'li' (to) after 'ijḥāf', but the standard preposition is 'bi' (بـ), often in the phrase 'bi-ḥaqq' (against the right of). Using the wrong preposition can make the sentence sound unnatural to a native speaker.

Pronunciation Issues: The 'Ḥ' (ح) is a deep pharyngeal sound. If you pronounce it as a soft 'h', it might be confused with other roots. Ensure the 'J' (ج) is clear as well.

الصح: العقد يتضمن إجحافاً بمصالحنا. (Correct use of preposition 'bi').

الصح: من الإجحاف أن نحكم عليه الآن. (Correct use of 'min al-ijḥāf an').

الصح: تعرض الفريق لـ إجحاف تحكيمي واضح. (Correct use in sports context for referee bias).

الصح: لا نريد إجحافاً في التقييم. (Correct use in professional appraisal).

Masculine vs Feminine: Remember that 'ijḥāf' is a masculine noun. Any adjectives describing it must also be masculine (e.g., إجحافٌ كبيرٌ).

Finally, avoid overusing it in a single paragraph. Because it is a 'heavy' word, repeating it too often can make your writing feel repetitive or overly aggressive. Use synonyms like 'jawr' or 'ghabn' to vary your vocabulary while maintaining the formal tone. Understanding these nuances will help you use 'ijḥāf' like a native speaker, ensuring your message is both clear and appropriately weighted.

Arabic is a language rich in synonyms for injustice, each carrying a different shade of meaning. Understanding how 'ijḥāf' compares to these alternatives will refine your expressive capabilities. The most common alternative is 'zulm' (ظلم). While 'zulm' is a general term for any kind of oppression or wrongdoing, 'ijḥāf' specifically focuses on the prejudice or the 'sweeping away' of rights. You can have 'zulm' that is personal, but 'ijḥāf' usually implies a comparative unfairness—someone got more than you, or you were evaluated unfairly compared to your reality.

Comparison: Ijḥāf vs. Jawr: 'Jawr' (جور) refers to tyranny or the deviation from the path of justice by a ruler. 'Ijḥāf' is more about the result of the action (the harm/prejudice) rather than the character of the ruler.

هناك إجحاف في العقد، لكن ليس بالضرورة أن يكون هناك جور من السلطة.

Another related word is 'ghabn' (غبن). 'Ghabn' is specifically used in commerce and trade to describe being cheated or overcharged. If you buy something for double its price, that is 'ghabn.' If the contract terms make it impossible for you to win, that is 'ijḥāf.'

Comparison: Ijḥāf vs. Inḥiyāz: 'Inḥiyāz' (انحياز) means bias or partiality. 'Inḥiyāz' is the cause; 'ijḥāf' is the unfair result that harms someone.

أدى انحياز الحكم إلى إجحاف بحق الفريق الضيف.

بدلاً من الإجحاف، يمكننا استخدام كلمة 'عدم إنصاف'.

الفرق بين الإجحاف والظلم يكمن في سياق الضرر المادي أو المعنوي المحدد.

هل هناك إجحاف في هذا التقسيم الإداري؟

Comparison: Ijḥāf vs. Ta’assuf: 'Ta’assuf' (تعسف) is the arbitrary use of power. It often leads to 'ijḥāf', but 'ta’assuf' focuses on the misuse of authority.

Choosing the right word depends on what aspect of the unfairness you want to highlight. If you want to emphasize the harm done and the lack of proper valuation, 'ijḥāf' is your best choice. If you want to emphasize the cruelty of the act, 'zulm' is better. If you are focusing on the legal misuse of power, 'ta’assuf' is the way to go. Mastering these distinctions will significantly elevate your Arabic from functional to sophisticated.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

ニュートラル

カジュアル

Child friendly

スラング

豆知識

The root is also related to 'juhfah,' which can mean a bucket or a large scoop, connecting to the idea of 'scooping away' someone's rights.

発音ガイド

UK /ɪdʒˈħɑːf/

US /ɪdʒˈhɑf/

The stress is on the second syllable: ij-HAF.

韻が合う語

إسراف (Israf) إنصاف (Insaf) اعتراف (I'tiraf) اختطاف (Ikhtitaf) إيقاف (Iqaf) أطراف (Atraf) أوصاف (Awsaf) أهداف (Ahdaf)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'ح' as a regular English 'h'.
Pronouncing 'ج' as 'g' like in 'gold'.
Shortening the long 'a' sound in the second syllable.
Confusing it with 'ijhaf' (with a different 'h').
Merging the 'j' and 'h' sounds too quickly.

難易度

読解 4/5

Requires knowledge of formal vocabulary and masdar structures.

ライティング 5/5

Difficult to use correctly without sounding overly dramatic or using the wrong preposition.

スピーキング 4/5

The pharyngeal 'h' can be tricky for beginners.

リスニング 3/5

Clear pronunciation in formal media makes it recognizable.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

عدل ظلم حق قانون قرار

次に学ぶ

تعسف انحياز نزاهة مساواة تظلم

上級

غبن فاحش شطط في استعمال السلطة حيف جور

知っておくべき文法

The Masdar (Verbal Noun)

إجحاف is the masdar of أجحف.

Prepositional Linking

Always use 'bi' (بـ) after إجحاف.

Noun-Adjective Agreement

إجحافٌ صارخٌ (Both masculine and indefinite).

Subordinate Clauses with 'An'

من الإجحاف أن ننسى فضله.

The Passive Participle as a Noun

المُجحَف (The one who is wronged).

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レベル別の例文

هذا ليس عدلاً، هذا إجحاف.

This is not justice, this is ijhaf.

Simple demonstrative 'hadha' with the noun.

أنا أشعر بالإجحاف.

I feel the ijhaf.

Use of preposition 'bi' with the verb 'feel'.

الإجحاف شيء سيء.

Ijhaf is a bad thing.

Subject-predicate sentence.

لا تحب المعلمة الإجحاف.

The teacher does not like ijhaf.

Simple verb-subject-object structure.

هل هذا إجحاف؟

Is this ijhaf?

Simple question form.

هذا إجحاف كبير.

This is big ijhaf.

Noun-adjective agreement (masculine).

أريد العدل لا الإجحاف.

I want justice, not ijhaf.

Use of 'la' for contrast.

لماذا هذا الإجحاف؟

Why this ijhaf?

Question word 'limadha'.

من الإجحاف أن تأخذ كل شيء.

It is ijhaf to take everything.

Introductory phrase 'Min al-ijhaf an'.

شعرنا بالإجحاف في المدرسة.

We felt ijhaf in the school.

Past tense verb with prepositional phrase.

هذا القرار فيه إجحاف للفقراء.

This decision has ijhaf for the poor.

Use of 'fihi' (in it) to describe a noun.

لا نريد أي إجحاف بحقنا.

We don't want any ijhaf against our right.

Use of 'bi-haqq' (against the right of).

تكلم الرجل عن الإجحاف في العمل.

The man spoke about ijhaf at work.

Preposition 'an' (about) with the noun.

كان هناك إجحاف في توزيع الجوائز.

There was ijhaf in the distribution of prizes.

Past tense 'kana' with 'hunaka'.

هذا العقد فيه إجحاف واضح.

This contract has clear ijhaf.

Adjective 'wadih' (clear) following the noun.

رفضنا الإجحاف بكل قوة.

We rejected the ijhaf with all strength.

Verb 'rafada' (rejected) with direct object.

من الإجحاف الحكم على الناس دون معرفتهم.

It is unfair to judge people without knowing them.

Masdar 'al-hukm' as a subject in the subordinate clause.

تعرضت الأقلية لإجحاف تاريخي في تلك البلاد.

The minority was subjected to historical prejudice in that country.

Passive-like structure 'ta'arrada li-' (was subjected to).

يجب تعديل القوانين التي تتضمن إجحافاً ضد المرأة.

Laws that include prejudice against women must be amended.

Relative clause 'allati tadamman'.

وصف النقاد الفيلم بإجحاف شديد.

Critics described the movie with extreme prejudice.

Adverbial use of preposition 'bi-'.

لا يمكن إنكار الإجحاف الذي وقع على العمال.

The injustice that befell the workers cannot be denied.

Relative pronoun 'alladhi' referring to 'al-ijhaf'.

هناك إجحاف كبير في توزيع الميزانية.

There is a great unfairness in the budget distribution.

Noun-adjective phrase 'ijhaf kabir'.

هل تشعر أن هناك إجحافاً في هذا التقييم؟

Do you feel there is prejudice in this evaluation?

Use of 'anna' after the verb 'feel'.

علينا محاربة كل أشكال الإجحاف والظلم.

We must fight all forms of prejudice and injustice.

Genitive construction 'ashkal al-ijhaf'.

يعتبر هذا الشرط في العقد إجحافاً صارخاً بحقوقنا.

This condition in the contract is considered a flagrant injustice to our rights.

Verb 'yu'tabaru' (is considered) with a double accusative.

طالب المحامي بإلغاء الحكم بسبب الإجحاف.

The lawyer demanded the cancellation of the ruling due to prejudice.

Preposition 'bi-sabab' (because of).

من الإجحاف تجاهل المساهمات الكبيرة التي قدمها الفريق.

It is unfair to ignore the significant contributions made by the team.

Masdar 'tajahul' (ignoring) as the focus of the sentence.

أدت هذه السياسة إلى إجحاف كبير بحق الطبقة الوسطى.

This policy led to great prejudice against the middle class.

Verb 'adda ila' (led to) followed by the noun.

لا يجوز الإجحاف بمصالح الشركاء الآخرين.

It is not permissible to prejudice the interests of other partners.

Modal phrase 'la yajuzu' (it is not allowed).

هناك نوع من الإجحاف في طريقة عرض الحقائق.

There is a kind of prejudice in the way facts are presented.

Genitive construction 'naw' min al-ijhaf'.

شعر الموظفون بالإجحاف بعد قرار خفض الرواتب.

Employees felt the injustice after the decision to cut salaries.

Plural subject with past tense verb.

يجب أن نبتعد عن الإجحاف عند تقييم الآخرين.

We must stay away from prejudice when evaluating others.

Verb 'nabta'id' (stay away) with preposition 'an'.

إن في هذا الاتهام إجحافاً كبيراً لمسيرة الرجل المهنية.

This accusation contains a great prejudice against the man's career path.

Use of 'inna' for emphasis with the predicate coming first.

تتسم التقارير الدولية أحياناً بنوع من الإجحاف تجاه الدول النامية.

International reports are sometimes characterized by a kind of prejudice toward developing nations.

Verb 'tattasimu' (to be characterized by).

لا يمكننا أن نغفل عن الإجحاف الذي قد يلحق بالبيئة جراء هذا المشروع.

We cannot overlook the harm/prejudice that might befall the environment as a result of this project.

Verb 'yulhiqu' (to befall/attach to) with 'bi-'.

يرى الباحث أن هناك إجحافاً منهجياً في الدراسات السابقة.

The researcher believes there is a systematic prejudice in previous studies.

Adjective 'manhajiyan' (systematic).

من الإجحاف بمكان أن نحمل طرفاً واحداً مسؤولية الفشل.

It is highly unfair to hold one party responsible for the failure.

Idiomatic use of 'bi-makan' for emphasis.

هذا النقد ينطوي على قدر كبير من الإجحاف والتحامل.

This criticism involves a great deal of prejudice and bias.

Verb 'yantawi ala' (to involve/contain).

علينا مراجعة بنود الاتفاقية لضمان عدم وجود أي إجحاف.

We must review the terms of the agreement to ensure there is no prejudice.

Masdar 'muraja'a' (reviewing) as a command/necessity.

لقد تعرض تاريخ المنطقة لإجحاف كبير من قبل المؤرخين المستشرقين.

The region's history has been subjected to great prejudice by Orientalist historians.

Use of 'min qibal' (by/on the part of).

يتجلى الإجحاف في أبهى صوره عندما تسلب الحقوق باسم القانون.

Injustice manifests in its clearest forms when rights are stripped in the name of the law.

Verb 'yatajalla' (to manifest/become clear).

إن محاولة اختزال هذه الثقافة في قشورها الخارجية هو إجحاف معرفي.

Attempting to reduce this culture to its external shells is an epistemological prejudice.

Philosophical terminology 'ijhaf ma'rifi'.

لا يستقيم الظل والعود أعوج، وكذلك لا تستقيم التنمية مع وجود الإجحاف.

The shadow is not straight if the wood is crooked, and likewise, development does not prosper with the presence of prejudice.

Use of a proverb (mathal) to illustrate the concept.

ثمة إجحاف بنيوي يضرب بجذوره في أعماق النظام الاقتصادي العالمي.

There is a structural prejudice rooted deep within the global economic system.

Use of 'thamma' (there is) for high-level formal style.

يؤكد الفيلسوف أن غياب الإنصاف هو إجحاف بحق الإنسانية جمعاء.

The philosopher emphasizes that the absence of equity is a prejudice against all of humanity.

Apposition 'al-insaniyya jam'a'.

لقد أمعن النظام في الإجحاف حتى لم يبق للناس ما يخسرونه.

The regime persisted in prejudice until the people had nothing left to lose.

Verb 'am'ana fi' (to persist/go deep into).

ينبغي ألا يكون الحرص على المصلحة العامة ذريعة للإجحاف بحقوق الأفراد.

Keenness on the public interest should not be a pretext for prejudicing the rights of individuals.

Use of 'dharī'a' (pretext).

إن الإجحاف في توزيع الثروات هو الوقود الذي يغذي الصراعات الاجتماعية.

Unfairness in wealth distribution is the fuel that feeds social conflicts.

Metaphorical use of 'waqūd' (fuel).

類義語

ظلم جور حيف انحياز

反対語

عدل إنصاف

よく使う組み合わせ

إجحاف صارخ

إجحاف كبير

إجحاف تاريخي

إجحاف بحق

دون إجحاف

إجحاف منهجي

إجحاف تحكيمي

إجحاف في العقد

إجحاف في التوزيع

رفع الإجحاف

よく使うフレーズ

من الإجحاف أن...

— It is unfair to... (Used to start a sentence of protest).

من الإجحاف أن نلومه وحده.

لا يشوبه إجحاف

— Contains no prejudice or unfairness.

كان تقييماً موضوعياً لا يشوبه إجحاف.

شعر بالإجحاف

— He felt wronged or treated unfairly.

شعر بالإجحاف بعد قرار الفصل.

يتضمن إجحافاً

— Includes or contains unfairness.

التقرير يتضمن إجحافاً بحقنا.

دون أدنى إجحاف

— Without the slightest prejudice.

تم توزيع المهام دون أدنى إجحاف.

إجحاف لا يغتفر

— An unforgivable injustice.

ما حدث كان إجحافاً لا يغتفر.

تجنب الإجحاف

— To avoid unfairness.

حاول المدير تجنب الإجحاف في قراره.

وقع عليه إجحاف

— He was subjected to injustice.

وقع عليه إجحاف كبير في المحكمة.

بكل إجحاف

— With full prejudice/unfairly.

حكم القاضي بكل إجحاف.

إجحاف مادي ومعنوي

— Material and moral prejudice.

تعرضنا لإجحاف مادي ومعنوي.

よく混同される語

إجحاف vs ظلم

Zulm is general; Ijhaf is specific to prejudice or unfair valuation.

إجحاف vs غبن

Ghabn is for being cheated in money; Ijhaf is for rights and status.

إجحاف vs تحامل

Tahamul is the personal bias; Ijhaf is the resulting unfairness.

慣用句と表現

"إجحاف بحق الحقيقة"

— To distort the truth or be unfair to the facts.

كلامك فيه إجحاف بحق الحقيقة.

Formal

"كيل بمكيالين وإجحاف"

— Double standards and prejudice.

هذا التعامل فيه كيل بمكيالين وإجحاف.

Journalistic

"إجحاف في الميزان"

— Unfairness in judgment or evaluation.

هناك إجحاف في ميزان التقييم.

Literary

"رفع الظلم والإجحاف"

— To remove oppression and prejudice.

نسعى لرفع الظلم والإجحاف عن المظلومين.

Political

"إجحاف صارخ للعيان"

— Injustice that is obvious to everyone.

ما تفعله هو إجحاف صارخ للعيان.

Formal

"لا يرضى بالإجحاف"

— One who does not accept unfairness.

هو رجل حر لا يرضى بالإجحاف.

Social

"إجحاف بحق الأجيال"

— Unfairness toward future generations.

تدمير البيئة هو إجحاف بحق الأجيال القادمة.

Academic

"صيحة ضد الإجحاف"

— A cry against injustice.

كان كتابه صيحة ضد الإجحاف.

Literary

"إجحاف في القول"

— Being unfair in what one says about others.

ابتعد عن الإجحاف في القول عن زملائك.

Religious/Moral

"نار الإجحاف"

— The fire of injustice (metaphorical).

احترق بنار الإجحاف التي سادت المجتمع.

Poetic

間違えやすい

إجحاف vs إجحاف

Sounds like other Form IV masdars.

Ijhaf specifically means gross injustice or prejudice causing harm.

هذا إجحاف بحقنا.

إجحاف vs إنصاف

Opposite meaning but similar structure.

Insaf means equity and fairness.

نطالب بالإنصاف.

إجحاف vs إجهاز

Similar sound (Ij-ha-z).

Ijhaz means to finish someone off or complete a task.

تم الإجهاز على العدو.

إجحاف vs إجحار

Very rare, similar root sound.

Ijhar relates to forcing something into a hole or den.

نادر الاستخدام.

إجحاف vs إجحام

Similar sound.

Ijham relates to holding back or refraining.

نادر الاستخدام.

文型パターン

هذا [اسم] فيه إجحاف.

هذا التقرير فيه إجحاف.

من الإجحاف أن [فعل مضارع].

من الإجحاف أن نحكم عليه الآن.

تعرض [شخص] لإجحاف كبير.

تعرض اللاعب لإجحاف كبير.

إن في ذلك إجحافاً بحق [اسم].

إن في ذلك إجحافاً بحق التاريخ.

دون إجحاف بـ [اسم].

تم الاتفاق دون إجحاف بحقوقنا.

يتجلى الإجحاف في [اسم].

يتجلى الإجحاف في توزيع الثروات.

أمعن في الإجحاف.

أمعنت الشركة في الإجحاف بحق العمال.

إجحاف لا تشوبه شائبة من العدل.

كان قراراً فيه إجحاف لا تشوبه شائبة من العدل.

語族

名詞

動詞

形容詞

使い方

frequency

Common in media, law, and academia; rare in casual street speech.

よくある間違い

Using 'ala' instead of 'bi'. → إجحاف بحق فلان
Arabic requires the preposition 'bi' to link 'ijhaf' to the person wronged.
Using it for minor inconveniences. → هذا ليس عدلاً
Ijhaf is too heavy for small things like a sibling taking a toy.
Confusing it with 'ghabn'. → تعرضت لغبن في السعر
Ghabn is specifically for being overcharged; Ijhaf is for general prejudice/rights.
Mispronouncing the 'H'. → إجحاف (Deep H)
The 'H' must be pharyngeal (ح) not glottal (هـ).
Using the feminine adjective. → إجحاف كبير
Ijhaf is a masculine noun.

ヒント

Formal Contexts

Always use 'ijhaf' when writing emails to HR or formal complaints to ensure your grievance is taken seriously.

The 'Bi' Rule

Never forget the 'bi' after 'ijhaf'. It's the bridge that connects the injustice to the victim.

Pair with 'Sarikh'

To sound like a native journalist, use 'ijhaf sarikh' for any obvious unfairness.

Sentence Openers

Start your sentences with 'Min al-ijhaf an...' to immediately signal a logical protest.

Root Awareness

Remember the 'sweeping' root to visualize the total loss of rights 'ijhaf' implies.

Pharyngeal H

Practice the 'H' in 'ijhaf' to avoid sounding like you're saying 'ij-haf' (which means nothing).

Legal Weight

In Arab countries, 'ijhaf' in a contract can sometimes be grounds for a legal challenge.

Edge-Half Mnemonic

Think of being pushed to the 'edge' and losing 'half' your rights.

Compare with Zulm

Use 'zulm' for cruelty and 'ijhaf' for unfair deals or evaluations.

News Keywords

When you hear 'ijhaf' on the news, listen for the names of the countries or groups involved.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine a giant hand 'scooping' (J-H-F) all the money away from a poor person's table. That is 'Ijhaf'—a gross injustice that sweeps everything away.

視覚的連想

Visualize a scale where one side is on the floor and the other is in the air, with a big red stamp saying 'UNFAIR' in Arabic.

Word Web

Rights Law Contract Bias Prejudice Harm Justice Court

チャレンジ

Try to write a formal complaint letter using 'إجحاف' three times to describe three different problems.

語源

From the Arabic root ج-ح-ف (j-h-f).

元の意味： To sweep away, to uproot, or to take away entirely (like a flood).

Semitic (Afroasiatic).

文化的な背景

It is a strong word. Using it against someone personally can be seen as a serious accusation.

Similar to 'gross miscarriage of justice' or 'prejudicial treatment.'

Legal documents in Egypt and the Levant. Al-Jazeera news reports on international conflicts. Modern Arabic novels discussing social class.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Legal Disputes

إجحاف في بنود العقد
رفع دعوى إجحاف
دون إجحاف بالحقوق
إثبات الإجحاف

Workplace

إجحاف في الراتب
شعور بالإجحاف الوظيفي
إجحاف في الترقية
تظلم من الإجحاف

Politics

إجحاف بحق الأقليات
إجحاف دولي
سياسات فيها إجحاف
محاربة الإجحاف

Academic Criticism

إجحاف في التقييم العلمي
نقد فيه إجحاف
إجحاف بحق الباحث
مراجعة موضوعية دون إجحاف

Sports

إجحاف تحكيمي
تعرض الفريق للإجحاف
قرار مجحف
اعتراض على الإجحاف

会話のきっかけ

"هل تعتقد أن هناك إجحافاً في النظام الضريبي الحالي؟"

"كيف يمكننا حماية العمال من الإجحاف في العقود؟"

"هل سبق وشعرت بالإجحاف في حياتك المهنية؟"

"ما هو الفرق في رأيك بين الظلم والإجحاف؟"

"لماذا يصف البعض التقارير الدولية بالإجحاف؟"

日記のテーマ

اكتب عن موقف شعرت فيه بالإجحاف وكيف تعاملت معه.

هل تعتقد أن التكنولوجيا تقلل من الإجحاف أم تزيده؟ اشرح وجهة نظرك.

ناقش قضية اجتماعية تعتقد أنها تتضمن إجحافاً كبيراً بحق فئة معينة.

كيف يمكن للقانون أن يمنع الإجحاف في المعاملات التجارية؟

تخيل أنك قاضٍ، كيف ستتجنب الإجحاف في أحكامك؟

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, it always describes an unfair or prejudicial situation. It is never used in a positive context.

No, it is too strong. Use 'ghalat' or 'khata' for small mistakes. 'Ijhaf' is for serious unfairness.

The verb is 'ajhafa' (أجحف), which means to treat unfairly or to prejudice.

You can say 'aqd mujhif' (عقد مجحف) using the adjective form.

The specific masdar 'ijhaf' is not in the Quran, but related roots are used in classical Arabic.

'Sārikh' (flagrant) is very common: 'ijhaf sarikh'.

Yes, 'ijhaf tahkimi' refers to a referee being very unfair to a team.

Yes, 'ijhaf' is more about prejudice and unfair valuation, while 'zulm' is any kind of oppression.

Always use 'bi' (بـ), as in 'ijhaf bi-haqqihi'.

Only if you are being very formal or discussing a serious problem like a salary dispute.

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