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B1 noun 9分で読める

تخصيص

takhsis

練習する例文メモとヒント تخصيص 30秒で

解説 تخصيص in your Level:

At the A1 level, you can think of 'تخصيص' (Takhṣīṣ) as a way of saying 'making something special for someone'. Even though it's a bit advanced, you might see it in simple settings like a phone menu where you 'customize' a color. Imagine you have three apples and you say, 'This apple is for you.' That act of picking one apple and saying it is for a specific person is the beginning of 'Takhṣīṣ'. At this stage, just remember that it involves taking one thing and giving it a special job or a special owner. You don't need to use it in complex sentences yet, but recognizing it in 'Settings' on your computer or phone is a great start. It comes from the word 'Khāṣ' which means 'special' or 'private', a word you likely already know. So, 'Takhṣīṣ' is the action of making something 'Khāṣ'.

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'تخصيص' in simple sentences related to your daily routine. For example, you can talk about 'تخصيص وقت' (allocating time) for your hobbies or for studying Arabic. 'I allocate one hour every day for reading' (أخصص ساعة كل يوم للقراءة). Notice how we use the verb 'Ukhassiṣ' (I allocate). You might also hear this word in a restaurant or an event if a table is 'reserved' or 'designated' for a specific group. It helps you describe how you organize your resources, even if those resources are just your time and energy. It's a useful word for moving beyond simple 'giving' and starting to describe 'planning'. You are not just doing something; you are designating a specific part of your day for it. This shows you are beginning to manage your vocabulary more precisely.

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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'تخصيص' in professional and academic contexts. This is where the word really shines. You will use it to discuss 'تخصيص الميزانية' (budget allocation) or 'تخصيص الموارد' (resource allocation). If you are writing an essay about the environment, you might talk about 'allocating land' for nature reserves. You should also understand the difference between the noun 'تخصيص' and the verb 'خصّص'. At this level, you are expected to understand news reports that mention how a government is 'designating' funds for new projects. It is no longer just about personal time; it is about official and formal distribution. You should also be able to use it in the context of technology, like 'customizing' software settings or 'allocating' memory. This word is a key part of the vocabulary needed for the workplace and higher education.

At the B2 level, you should understand the nuance 'تخصيص' brings to legal and economic discussions. You will encounter it in debates about 'privatization' (though 'Khaṣkhaṣah' is also used) and in detailed financial reports. You should be able to use the phrase 'بالتخصيص' (specifically) to refine your arguments in a debate. For example, 'I agree with the policy in general, and specifically (بالتخصيص) the part about taxes.' You should also be aware of its use in linguistic and religious texts where it refers to 'specification'—limiting a general rule to a specific case. At this level, you are expected to handle the word in its various 'Idafa' constructions, such as 'تخصيص الصلاحيات' (allocation of authorities/powers). Your use of the word should reflect an understanding that 'Takhṣīṣ' is an intentional, often legal or official, act of designation.

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At the C1 level, 'تخصيص' becomes a tool for precise legal and philosophical expression. You will use it to discuss the 'Takhṣīṣ al-'Āmm' (specification of the general) in Islamic jurisprudence or legal theory, where a general statement is restricted by a specific evidence. You should be able to navigate complex economic texts where 'Takhṣīṣ' is used to describe the efficiency of resource allocation in a market economy. You will also use it in high-level literary analysis to describe how an author 'designates' certain symbols for specific meanings. Your mastery should include knowing all related forms, such as the active participle 'Mukhaṣṣiṣ' (the one who allocates) and the passive participle 'Mukhaṣṣaṣ' (allocated/designated). You should be able to distinguish 'Takhṣīṣ' from 'Ta'yīn' and 'Tawzī'' in a way that shows deep linguistic sensitivity to the context of the sentence.

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At the C2 level, your understanding of 'تخصيص' is near-native. You perceive the subtle rhetorical weight the word carries in political speeches, where 'Takhṣīṣ' can imply a promise of priority and focus. You can engage in scholarly debates about the history of the word's usage from Classical Arabic to modern political economy. You are comfortable with the most abstract applications, such as the 'allocation of metaphysical attributes' in theological texts or the 'specification of variables' in advanced mathematical or scientific Arabic. You use the word with perfect grammatical accuracy in complex structures, and you can explain the semantic shifts the word has undergone over centuries. For you, 'Takhṣīṣ' is not just a word for 'allocation', but a concept that defines the very act of bringing order and specificity to a chaotic or general world.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

تخصيص 30秒で

Takhṣīṣ means allocation or designation of resources.
It is commonly used for budgets, time, and IT settings.
It comes from the root Kh-Ṣ-Ṣ, meaning special or private.
It differs from distribution (Tawzī') by focusing on the specific purpose.

The word تخصيص (Takhṣīṣ) is a multifaceted Arabic noun derived from the triliteral root Kh-Ṣ-Ṣ (خ-ص-ص), which fundamentally pertains to the concepts of specificity, privacy, and distinction. In its primary usage, it refers to the deliberate act of setting something apart from a general pool to be used for a unique, specific purpose. Imagine a large communal garden where a small plot is cordoned off specifically for growing medicinal herbs; that act of cordoning and designating is 'Takhṣīṣ'. In modern administrative and economic Arabic, it is the standard term for 'allocation' or 'appropriation'. When a government announces its annual budget, the specific amounts assigned to education, healthcare, or defense are referred to as 'Takhṣīṣāt' (the plural form). It carries a sense of intentionality and authority; it is not a random distribution but a calculated decision to link a resource with a destination.

Linguistic Root: The root خص relates to being special or particular. From this we get 'Khāṣ' (special/private) and 'Khuṣūṣiyyah' (privacy).
Administrative Context: In corporate and government settings, it describes 'Budget Allocation' (تخصيص الميزانية), where funds are legally bound to specific departments.

Beyond finance, the word is used in computer science to describe 'resource allocation' (تخصيص الموارد), such as how an operating system assigns memory to different applications. It also appears in the context of customization. If you modify a software interface to suit your personal needs, you are performing 'Takhṣīṣ'. This versatility makes it an essential word for anyone moving beyond basic conversational Arabic into professional, academic, or technical spheres. It bridges the gap between the physical act of 'setting aside' and the abstract act of 'defining' or 'specifying'.

قررت الحكومة تخصيص مبالغ إضافية لدعم البحث العلمي هذا العام.

Translation: The government decided to allocate additional funds to support scientific research this year.

In everyday social life, you might hear it when someone says they have 'allocated' time for a friend. It implies that the time is not just 'free' but has been 'reserved' exclusively for that person. This nuance of exclusivity is what separates it from 'Taqṣīm' (division). While 'Taqṣīm' is about breaking a whole into parts, 'Takhṣīṣ' is about the purpose and destination of those parts. It is a word of focus and priority.

Using 'Takhṣīṣ' correctly requires understanding its role as a verbal noun (Masdar). It usually functions as the object of a verb or as part of an 'Idafa' (possessive construction). Most commonly, it is followed by the preposition 'li-' (لـ) to indicate the recipient or the purpose of the allocation. For example, 'Takhṣīṣ al-māl lil-fuqarā' (Allocating money for the poor). It can also be used in the context of 'Takhṣīṣ al-waqt' (allocation of time), which is a high-frequency phrase in productivity and management contexts.

Financial Usage: تم تخصيص ميزانية ضخمة للمشروع الجديد (A huge budget was allocated for the new project).
Technological Usage: يمكنك تخصيص إعدادات الهاتف حسب رغبتك (You can customize the phone settings according to your preference).

One interesting grammatical feature is that 'Takhṣīṣ' can be used to mean 'privatization' in certain economic contexts, although 'Khaṣkhaṣah' is more common for the broad economic policy. However, when referring to the specific act of selling a state asset to a specific private entity, 'Takhṣīṣ' is often employed. In academic writing, you will see it used to define terms: 'Takhṣīṣ al-muṣṭalaḥ' (the specification of the term), meaning the act of giving a word a specific technical meaning rather than its general one.

يتطلب النجاح تخصيص ساعات طويلة للدراسة والتدريب.

Translation: Success requires the allocation of long hours for study and training.

In more advanced contexts, you might encounter the phrase 'bil-takhṣīṣ' (specifically). This is used to narrow down a general statement. If you say 'I like fruits, specifically apples,' you would use 'bil-takhṣīṣ' to highlight the apple. This demonstrates how the word moves from a physical 'setting aside' to a logical 'narrowing down'.

You are most likely to encounter 'Takhṣīṣ' in news broadcasts, particularly during the business or local politics segments. When a news anchor discusses the national budget, 'Takhṣīṣ' is the keyword for how the 'cake' is being sliced. You will also hear it in professional environments—offices, hospitals, and universities. A manager might talk about 'Takhṣīṣ al-mahāmm' (allocation of tasks) among team members. In a hospital, a doctor might speak about 'Takhṣīṣ ghurfah' (designating a room) for a specific patient or procedure.

In the News: Expect to hear it in phrases like 'Takhṣīṣ arāḍī' (allocation of lands) for housing projects.
In Computing: Menu options in Arabic software often use 'Takhṣīṣ' for 'Personalization' or 'Customization' settings.

In the educational sector, 'Takhṣīṣ' is heard when discussing scholarships or grants. 'Takhṣīṣ minḥah' means the awarding or designating of a scholarship to a specific student. It is also used in the context of 'Takhṣīṣ al-maqā'id' (allocation of seats) in competitive university programs. In these contexts, the word carries a weight of achievement and official recognition. It is not just about giving; it is about an official act of matching a resource to a recipient based on criteria.

أعلن الوزير عن تخصيص مدرسة جديدة لذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة.

Translation: The minister announced the designation of a new school for people with special needs.

Finally, in legal and religious discourse, 'Takhṣīṣ' is a technical term used by scholars. When discussing a general verse in the Quran, they might discuss its 'Takhṣīṣ' by a specific Hadith, meaning the Hadith limits the general application of the verse to specific circumstances. This shows that the word is deeply embedded in the logic of Arabic thought, representing the movement from the general (Al-Āmm) to the specific (Al-Khāṣ).

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing 'Takhṣīṣ' (allocation/designation) with 'Takhṣuṣ' (specialization/major). While they share the same root, 'Takhṣuṣ' (تخصص - with a damma on the second-to-last letter) refers to a person's field of study or expertise, like 'My major is medicine'. 'Takhṣīṣ', on the other hand, is the *act* of making something specific. You *allocate* (takhṣīṣ) a budget, but you *specialize* (takhṣuṣ) in engineering. Misusing these can lead to confusion in professional settings where you might accidentally say you are 'allocating' in medicine instead of 'specializing' in it.

Confusion with 'Taqṣīm': Learners often use 'Taqṣīm' (division) when they mean 'Takhṣīṣ'. 'Taqṣīm' is just cutting things up; 'Takhṣīṣ' is cutting them up with a specific destination in mind.
Preposition Errors: Using 'fī' (in) instead of 'li-' (for). It is 'Takhṣīṣ al-māl *li*...' (Allocation for...), not 'fī'.

Another mistake is the spelling of the letter 'Sod' (ص). Many learners substitute it with 'Sin' (س), writing 'Takhsīs'. This changes the word entirely or makes it nonsensical. The 'Sod' is a heavy, emphatic sound that requires the back of the tongue to be raised. Mastering the pronunciation is key to being understood, as many Arabic words are distinguished only by the heaviness of the consonants. Furthermore, learners sometimes forget the 'Shadda' (doubling) on the middle letter in the verb form 'Khassaṣa'. Without the Shadda, the meaning changes from 'to allocate' to something else entirely.

خطأ: ما هو تخصيصك الجامعي؟ (Wrong: What is your university allocation?)
صح: ما هو تخصصك الجامعي؟ (Right: What is your university major?)

Finally, avoid using 'Takhṣīṣ' when you mean 'giving' in a general, casual sense. If you give a friend a gift, you don't say 'Takhṣīṣ'. You use 'I'ṭā' (giving) or 'Ihda' (gifting). 'Takhṣīṣ' implies a formal process of setting aside from a larger supply, often involving a decision-making authority or a structured plan. Using it for casual favors sounds overly robotic and bureaucratic.

Arabic is a language of precision, and while 'Takhṣīṣ' is the go-to word for allocation, several alternatives exist depending on the nuance you wish to convey. 'Ta'yīn' (تعيين) is often used for 'designating' or 'appointing'. While 'Takhṣīṣ' is usually for things like money or time, 'Ta'yīn' is frequently used for people, such as appointing someone to a position. However, you can also 'designate' a location using 'Ta'yīn'. Another close relative is 'Taqdīr' (تقدير), which means 'estimation' or 'appraisal' but can sometimes overlap when discussing the 'budgeting' phase before the actual allocation.

تخصيص vs تحديد (Taḥdīd): 'Taḥdīd' means defining or limiting. You 'define' a goal (Taḥdīd al-hadaf), but you 'allocate' the resources to reach it (Takhṣīṣ al-mawārid).
تخصيص vs توزيع (Tawzī'): 'Tawzī'' means distribution. It implies spreading something out among many. 'Takhṣīṣ' is more about the specific purpose assigned to each part.

In the realm of privatization, you will see 'Khaṣkhaṣah' (خصخصة). This is a quadriliteral verb derived from the same root. While 'Takhṣīṣ' is the act of allocating, 'Khaṣkhaṣah' specifically refers to the economic policy of transferring ownership from the public sector to the private sector. If you are reading an economic report, 'Khaṣkhaṣah' is the systemic process, while 'Takhṣīṣ' might be used for the specific allocation of shares to investors. Another word to consider is 'Ifrād' (إفراد), which means 'singling out'. This is more common in literary or philosophical contexts than in administrative ones.

بدلاً من توزيع المهام عشوائياً، يفضل تخصيص كل مهمة للشخص الأنسب.

Translation: Instead of distributing tasks randomly, it is better to allocate each task to the most suitable person.

In technical contexts, 'I'timād' (اعتماد) is sometimes used for 'authorizing' or 'appropriating' funds. While 'Takhṣīṣ' is the plan of where the money goes, 'I'timād' is the official approval that allows that money to be spent. Understanding these subtle differences will allow you to read Arabic news and legal documents with much greater clarity and help you choose the most professional word for your specific situation.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

ニュートラル

カジュアル

Child friendly

スラング

豆知識

The same root gives us the word 'Khuṣūṣiyyah', which is the modern word for 'privacy', a concept that didn't have a direct equivalent in the same way in ancient times.

発音ガイド

UK /tækˈsiːs/

US /tækˈsiːs/

The stress is on the second syllable: takh-ṢĪṢ.

韻が合う語

تلخيص (Talkhīṣ - summarizing) ترخيص (Tarkhīṣ - licensing) رخيص (Rakhīṣ - cheap) قميص (Qamīṣ - shirt) حريص (Ḥarīṣ - keen) محيص (Maḥīṣ - escape) عويص (Awīṣ - difficult) منغص (Munagh-ghiṣ - spoiler)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'Kh' as a hard 'K'. It should be a fricative.
Pronouncing 'Sod' (ص) as 'Sin' (س).
Shortening the long 'ee' (ي) sound.
Forgetting the initial 't' or making it too explosive.
Misplacing the stress on the first syllable.

難易度

読解 3/5

Common in news and signs, making it moderately easy to recognize.

ライティング 4/5

Requires correct spelling of 'Sod' and 'Kh', which can be tricky for beginners.

スピーキング 4/5

The emphatic 'Sod' sound requires practice to sound natural.

リスニング 3/5

Clear pronunciation in formal Arabic makes it easy to hear.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

خاص وقت مال ميزانية عمل

次に学ぶ

تخصص اختصاص مواصفات تصنيف توزيع

上級

خصخصة استحقاق اعتماد مالي تكييف حصر

知っておくべき文法

Form II Masdar Pattern

تفعيل (Taf'īl) -> تخصيص (Takhṣīṣ)

Idafa Construction

تخصيصُ الميزانيةِ (The allocation of the budget)

Preposition 'Li-' Usage

تخصيص المال للفقراء (Allocating money for the poor)

Definite vs Indefinite Nouns

التخصيصُ مهمٌ (The allocation is important) vs تخصيصٌ مهمٌ (An important allocation)

Adjective Agreement

تخصيصٌ عادلٌ (A fair allocation)

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レベル別の例文

هذا تخصيص لك.

This is a designation for you.

Simple nominal sentence using 'this' (hadha).

تخصيص اللون سهل.

Customizing the color is easy.

Subject-predicate structure.

أريد تخصيص مكاني.

I want to designate my place.

Verb 'want' followed by the verbal noun.

تخصيص وقت للعب.

Allocating time for play.

Noun phrase with 'li-' preposition.

هذا الهاتف فيه تخصيص.

This phone has customization.

Using 'fī' to indicate features.

تخصيص الغرفة جميل.

The room designation is beautiful.

Idafa construction (Takhṣīṣ al-ghurfah).

شكراً على التخصيص.

Thank you for the allocation/special treatment.

Preposition 'ala' followed by the definite noun.

هل هذا تخصيص خاص؟

Is this a special designation?

Question form with 'hal'.

يجب تخصيص ساعة للرياضة.

It is necessary to allocate an hour for exercise.

Using 'yajib' (must) with the verbal noun.

أحب تخصيص ملابسي بنفسي.

I like customizing my clothes myself.

Reflexive use with 'bi-nafsi'.

تم تخصيص مقعد لك.

A seat has been allocated for you.

Passive construction with 'tamma'.

التخصيص يساعد في التنظيم.

Allocation helps in organization.

Definite noun as a subject.

قم بتخصيص ملفك الشخصي.

Customize your personal profile.

Imperative 'qum bi-' (do/perform).

تخصيص المال للادخار مهم.

Allocating money for savings is important.

Gerund phrase as a subject.

هل يمكنني تخصيص نغمة الرنين؟

Can I customize the ringtone?

Request using 'hal yumkinuni'.

تخصيص وقت للعائلة ضروري.

Allocating time for family is essential.

Adjective 'daruri' (necessary) modifying the phrase.

تخصيص الميزانية يتطلب دراسة.

Budget allocation requires study.

Idafa construction with a present tense verb.

سيتم تخصيص موارد إضافية للمشروع.

Additional resources will be allocated for the project.

Future passive 'sayatamma'.

يمكنك تخصيص واجهة المستخدم.

You can customize the user interface.

Modal 'yumkinuka' with the verbal noun.

تخصيص المهام يزيد من الإنتاجية.

Allocating tasks increases productivity.

Abstract noun phrase.

نحن بحاجة إلى تخصيص مساحة أكبر.

We need to allocate more space.

Phrase 'bi-hajatin ila' (in need of).

يعمل النظام على تخصيص الذاكرة.

The system works on allocating memory.

Verb 'ya'malu ala' (works on).

تخصيص الأرباح يتم سنوياً.

Allocation of profits is done annually.

Adverb 'sanawiyyan' (annually).

قرر المدير تخصيص مكافأة للموظفين.

The manager decided to allocate a bonus for the employees.

Verb 'qarrara' (decided) followed by the Masdar.

تخصيص القطاع العام يثير الجدل.

Privatization of the public sector sparks controversy.

Context-specific meaning (privatization).

يجب مراعاة العدالة في تخصيص الفرص.

Fairness must be considered in the allocation of opportunities.

Passive 'yujab mura'at' (must be considered).

تخصيص الموارد المائية قضية حيوية.

Water resource allocation is a vital issue.

Compound Idafa (Takhṣīṣ mawārid mā'iyyah).

تحدث الكاتب عن تخصيص المصطلحات.

The writer spoke about the specification of terms.

Preposition 'an' (about).

تم رفض طلب تخصيص الأرض.

The land allocation request was rejected.

Passive 'tumma rafḍ'.

التخصيص الفعال يقلل من الهدر.

Effective allocation reduces waste.

Adjective 'fa'al' (effective) modifying the noun.

أشار التقرير إلى سوء تخصيص الأموال.

The report pointed to the misallocation of funds.

Compound 'su' takhṣīṣ' (misallocation).

علينا تخصيص جزء من الوقت للتأمل.

We must allocate part of the time for meditation.

Preposition 'ala' indicating obligation.

إن تخصيص الموارد في ظل الأزمات يتطلب حكمة.

Allocating resources in light of crises requires wisdom.

Use of 'Inna' for emphasis.

تطرق الباحث إلى تخصيص العام بالخاص.

The researcher touched upon the specification of the general by the particular.

Technical linguistic/legal terminology.

تعتمد كفاءة السوق على تخصيص الموارد.

Market efficiency depends on the allocation of resources.

Verb 'ta'tamid ala' (depends on).

تخصيص الصلاحيات يعزز اللامركزية.

Allocation of powers promotes decentralization.

Political terminology.

أدى تخصيص الإنتاج إلى تحسين الجودة.

Specialization of production led to quality improvement.

Verb 'adda ila' (led to).

يعد تخصيص الترددات اللاسلكية أمراً معقداً.

Wireless frequency allocation is considered a complex matter.

Passive 'yu'ad' (is considered).

لا يمكن إغفال أهمية تخصيص الأصول.

The importance of asset allocation cannot be overlooked.

Double negative for emphasis.

تخصيص الوقت للابتكار هو سر النجاح.

Allocating time for innovation is the secret of success.

Equative sentence structure.

يتجلى تخصيص الوظائف في التقسيم الاجتماعي للعمل.

The allocation of functions is manifested in the social division of labor.

Verb 'yatajalla' (is manifested).

إن إشكالية تخصيص القيم تكمن في تضارب المصالح.

The problem of value allocation lies in the conflict of interests.

Philosophical/Sociological register.

يسهم تخصيص الائتمان في توجيه النمو الاقتصادي.

Credit allocation contributes to steering economic growth.

Economic policy register.

تخصيص الدلالة في السياق الأدبي يثري النص.

The specification of meaning in a literary context enriches the text.

Literary theory register.

تخضع عملية تخصيص التكاليف لمعايير محاسبية دقيقة.

The cost allocation process is subject to precise accounting standards.

Verb 'takhḍa' li-' (is subject to).

أثار تخصيص المهام السيادية نقاشاً دستورياً.

The allocation of sovereign tasks sparked a constitutional debate.

Legal/Constitutional register.

يرتبط تخصيص المكان بالهوية الثقافية للمجتمع.

The designation of space is linked to the cultural identity of society.

Anthropological register.

يعد تخصيص المزايا الوظيفية أداة لاستقطاب الكفاءات.

Allocating job benefits is a tool for attracting talent.

Human Resources register.

類義語

تعيين تحديد إفراد رصد

反対語

تعميم إهمال

よく使う組み合わせ

تخصيص الميزانية

تخصيص الموارد

تخصيص الوقت

تخصيص المهام

تخصيص المقاعد

تخصيص الأراضي

تخصيص الذاكرة

تخصيص الأموال

تخصيص الصلاحيات

تخصيص بالذكر

よく使うフレーズ

تم تخصيص

— It has been allocated. Used to announce the completion of an allocation.

تم تخصيص مبلغ مالي للجائزة.

قابل للتخصيص

— Customizable. Used in technology and product descriptions.

هذا البرنامج قابل للتخصيص بالكامل.

سوء تخصيص

— Misallocation. Used to describe inefficient or corrupt resource management.

سوء تخصيص الموارد أدى للفشل.

تخصيص حصري

— Exclusive allocation. Meaning something is reserved only for one party.

هذا التخصيص حصري لشركتنا.

إعادة تخصيص

— Re-allocation. Moving resources from one purpose to another.

يجب إعادة تخصيص الميزانية.

تخصيص مؤقت

— Temporary allocation. A short-term designation.

هذا تخصيص مؤقت للمكتب.

تخصيص عادل

— Fair allocation. Used in social and political justice contexts.

نطالب بتخصيص عادل للثروات.

تخصيص مسبق

— Pre-allocation. Setting something aside before it is needed.

التخصيص المسبق يوفر الوقت.

تخصيص يدوي

— Manual allocation. When a human decides rather than an algorithm.

تم تخصيص المهام يدوياً.

تخصيص تلقائي

— Automatic allocation. Common in software and systems.

يتم تخصيص الموارد تلقائياً.

よく混同される語

تخصيص vs تخصص (Takhassus)

This means specialization or academic major, not allocation.

تخصيص vs توزيع (Tawzi')

This is general distribution, whereas Takhṣīṣ is specific designation.

تخصيص vs تشخيص (Tashkhis)

This means diagnosis (medical) or personification (literary).

慣用句と表現

"خصه بالذكر"

— To mention someone specifically or give them special mention.

شكر الجميع وخص المدير بالذكر.

Formal

"على وجه التخصيص"

— Specifically or particularly. Used to narrow down a topic.

أحب الأدب، وعلى وجه التخصيص الشعر.

Formal

"تخصيص لا تعميم"

— Specification, not generalization. Used in logical arguments.

كلامي هذا فيه تخصيص لا تعميم.

Academic

"من باب التخصيص"

— For the sake of specification. Explaining why a specific example was given.

ذكرت هذا المثال من باب التخصيص.

Formal

"حجر التخصيص"

— A metaphorical term for a specific focus area in a project (rare).

هذا هو حجر التخصيص في خطتنا.

Literary

"تخصيص الأثر"

— In legal terms, making the effect of a rule apply only to specific cases.

تم تخصيص أثر القانون الجديد.

Legal

"في صلب التخصيص"

— At the heart of the allocation/specialization.

هذا الموضوع في صلب تخصيصنا.

Professional

"تخصيص القول"

— To be specific in what one says.

عليك تخصيص القول ليفهم الناس.

Formal

"بدون تخصيص"

— Without specifying anyone. Generally speaking.

أقول هذا للجميع بدون تخصيص.

Neutral

"تخصيص الوجهة"

— Setting a specific destination or direction.

تم تخصيص وجهة الرحلة.

Neutral

間違えやすい

تخصيص vs تخصص

Similar root and sound.

Takhassus is a state of being an expert; Takhṣīṣ is the act of assigning a resource.

تخصصي هو الطب، لكن عملي هو تخصيص الميزانية.

تخصيص vs توزيع

Both involve giving out things.

Tawzi' is about the spread; Takhṣīṣ is about the intent and destination.

توزيع المنشورات عشوائي، لكن تخصيص الجوائز محدد.

تخصيص vs تحديد

Both narrow things down.

Tahdid is defining boundaries; Takhṣīṣ is giving a resource to those boundaries.

تحديد الهدف أولاً، ثم تخصيص المال له.

تخصيص vs تعيين

Both mean designating.

Ta'yin is often for people/appointments; Takhṣīṣ is for objects/money/time.

تم تعيين موظف لتخصيص المهام.

تخصيص vs رصد

Both mean setting aside money.

Rasd is specifically for financial earmarking in official budgets.

تم رصد ميزانية، وبدأنا في تخصيصها.

文型パターン

هذا [Noun] مخصص لـ [Person].

هذا الكرسي مخصص لك.

يجب تخصيص [Time] لـ [Activity].

يجب تخصيص ساعة للقراءة.

تم تخصيص [Amount] لـ [Project].

تم تخصيص مليون دولار للمشروع.

يمكنك تخصيص [Settings].

يمكنك تخصيص إعدادات الحساب.

تخصيص [Noun] هو الحل لـ [Problem].

تخصيص الموارد هو الحل للأزمة.

إن تخصيص [Abstract Noun] يتطلب [Quality].

إن تخصيص الصلاحيات يتطلب الثقة.

تتجلى أهمية تخصيص [Noun] في [Context].

تتجلى أهمية تخصيص المهام في كفاءة الإنتاج.

خضع [Noun] لعملية تخصيص دقيقة.

خضع الميزان التجاري لعملية تخصيص دقيقة.

語族

名詞

動詞

形容詞

使い方

frequency

High in professional and technical Arabic.

よくある間違い

Using 'Takhṣuṣ' for allocation. → Takhṣīṣ
Takhṣuṣ means a major or specialty. Takhṣīṣ means the act of allocating.
Saying 'Takhsīs' with a light 's'. → Takhṣīṣ (heavy 'ṣ')
The light 's' (Sin) can change the meaning or sound uneducated.
Using 'fī' instead of 'li-'. → تخصيص المال للتعليم
Resources are allocated *for* a purpose, not *in* a purpose.
Confusing it with 'Tashkhīṣ'. → Takhṣīṣ
Tashkhīṣ means diagnosis. Don't tell a doctor you need a 'Takhṣīṣ' of your illness!
Omitting the 'ya' in writing. → تخصيص
Writing 'تخصص' instead of 'تخصيص' changes the word to 'specialization'.

ヒント

Use in Business

Always use 'Takhṣīṣ' when discussing budget planning to sound more professional and authoritative.

Preposition Match

Always pair 'Takhṣīṣ' with 'li-' (لـ) to show where the resource is going.

The Heavy 'S'

Practice the 'ṣ' sound by saying 'sad' but with a much lower, heavier tone in your throat.

Root Connection

Remember that 'Khāṣ' (special) is the root; 'Takhṣīṣ' is just making something 'Khāṣ'.

Don't Forget the 'Y'

In the Masdar form 'Takhṣīṣ', the 'ya' (ي) is essential for the long vowel sound.

Tech Context

If you see a 'gear' icon in an Arabic app, look for the word 'Takhṣīṣ' for customization options.

Formal Reports

Use 'Takhṣīṣāt' when listing different department budgets in a formal report.

News Keywords

When you hear 'Mīzāniyyah' (budget), listen for 'Takhṣīṣ' immediately after.

Polite Requests

Use 'Hal yumkinuka takhṣīṣ...' to politely ask someone for a bit of their time.

The VIP Slice

Visualize a VIP slice of cake being set aside—that is Takhṣīṣ.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Takh-ṢīṢ' as 'Task-Size'. You are resizing a task to fit a specific person or budget.

視覚的連想

Imagine a chef taking a giant cake and cutting one slice specifically for a VIP guest. That slice is the 'Takhṣīṣ'.

Word Web

Budget Special Private Allocation Customization IT Legal Specific

チャレンジ

Try to use 'Takhṣīṣ' in a sentence about your daily schedule and your bank account today.

語源

Derived from the Arabic triliteral root Kh-Ṣ-Ṣ (خ ص ص). In ancient Arabic, it related to things that were narrow or specific to an individual.

元の意味： The root originally meant to be 'needy' or 'to have a gap', which evolved into 'to single out' or 'to distinguish' one thing from others.

Semitic -> Afroasiatic -> Central Semitic -> Arabic.

文化的な背景

Be careful when using it in political contexts, as 'privatization' can be a loaded term depending on the country's economic history.

In English, we often use 'Allocation' for money and 'Customization' for tech. Arabic uses 'Takhṣīṣ' for both, showing a more unified conceptual link between 'setting aside' and 'making specific'.

Ibn Khaldun's Muqaddimah (discussing the allocation of roles in society) Modern Arab Budget Speeches Legal texts on Sharia (specification of general rules)

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Business/Finance

تخصيص الميزانية
تخصيص الأرباح
تخصيص الأصول
تخصيص التكاليف

Technology

تخصيص الواجهة
تخصيص الإعدادات
تخصيص الذاكرة
تخصيص المستخدم

Daily Life

تخصيص وقت
تخصيص مكان
تخصيص جهد
تخصيص يوم

Government/Law

تخصيص الأراضي
تخصيص الصلاحيات
تخصيص المنح
تخصيص المقاعد

Academic/Linguistic

تخصيص المعنى
تخصيص المصطلح
تخصيص العام
تخصيص الدراسة

会話のきっかけ

"كيف تقوم بتخصيص وقتك بين العمل والحياة الشخصية؟"

"هل تعتقد أن تخصيص الميزانية للتعليم كافٍ في بلدك؟"

"ما هي أهم ميزة تحب تخصيصها في هاتفك الذكي؟"

"هل تؤيد تخصيص القطاع العام في المجالات الحيوية؟"

"كيف يمكننا تخصيص الموارد بشكل أكثر عدلاً في المجتمع؟"

日記のテーマ

اكتب عن يوم قمت فيه بتخصيص وقت لشيء تحبه جداً.

صف كيف ستقوم بتخصيص ميزانية وهمية قدرها مليون دولار.

تحدث عن أهمية تخصيص مكان هادئ للدراسة أو التأمل.

ناقش فكرة تخصيص المهام في العمل الجماعي وكيف تؤثر على النتائج.

اكتب رسالة إلى مسؤول تطلب فيها تخصيص موارد لحيّك السكني.

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, in certain economic contexts, it can mean privatization, although 'Khaṣkhaṣah' is the more specific term for the overall policy. 'Takhṣīṣ' refers more to the individual act of allocating assets to the private sector.

You use 'Takhṣīṣ'. For example, 'Customize settings' is 'Takhṣīṣ al-i'dadat'. It is the standard term used in almost all Arabic software interfaces.

The verb is 'Khaṣṣaṣa' (خصّص). For example, 'I allocated' is 'Khaṣṣaṣtu' (خصّصتُ).

Usually, 'Ta'yīn' is used for appointing people. However, you can use 'Takhṣīṣ' if you are assigning a person as a 'resource' to a specific task, though it sounds a bit formal/dehumanizing.

'Takhṣīṣ' is the act of allocating/specifying. 'Khuṣūṣiyyah' is the noun for 'privacy' or the state of being private/special.

Absolutely. 'Takhṣīṣ al-waqt' is a very common and professional way to say 'time allocation' or 'setting aside time'.

Yes, especially in government and business news when referring to multiple different budget lines or specific appropriations.

It is an emphatic 's'. Press your tongue against the roof of your mouth and make the 's' sound deeper and heavier than a normal English 's'.

Yes, it is a key term in 'Uṣūl al-Fiqh' (Principles of Jurisprudence) referring to the specification of a general text by a specific one.

The most direct opposite in a linguistic sense is 'Ta'mīm' (generalization) or 'Ihmāl' (neglect/lack of allocation).

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