A1 Time Expressions 1 min read かんたん

Months of the Year (İlin ayları)

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Learn the 12 months in Azerbaijani to talk about birthdays, holidays, and schedules with ease.

  • Months are treated as proper nouns and are capitalized in formal writing.
  • To say 'in [Month]', add the locative suffix '-da' or '-də' (e.g., 'Martda').
  • Months do not change their form when used as a simple subject or object.
Month + (-da/-də) = In [Month]

Month Suffixation Table

Month Base Suffix Result
January
Yanvar
-da
Yanvarda
February
Fevral
-da
Fevralda
March
Mart
-da
Martda
April
Aprel
-də
Apreldə
May
May
-da
Mayda
June
İyun
-da
İyunda
July
İyul
-da
İyulda
August
Avqust
-da
Avqustda
September
Sentyabr
-da
Sentyabrda
October
Oktyabr
-da
Oktyabrda
November
Noyabr
-da
Noyabrda
December
Dekabr
-da
Dekabrda

Meanings

The twelve distinct periods of the year used to denote time and schedule events.

1

Calendar identification

Naming the month of the year.

“Bu ay Martdır.”

“Yanvar qış ayıdır.”

2

Temporal location

Indicating when an event occurs using the locative case.

“Biz Mayda gedirik.”

“Sentyabrda məktəb başlayır.”

Reference Table

Reference table for Months of the Year (İlin ayları)
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Month
Yanvar
Locative
Month + da/də
Yanvarda
Possessive
Month + ın/in
Yanvarın
Question
Month + da/də + mı?
Yanvardamı?
Negative
Month + da/də + deyil
Yanvarda deyil

フォーマル度スペクトル

フォーマル
Görüş May ayında keçiriləcək.

Görüş May ayında keçiriləcək. (Professional vs Casual)

ニュートラル
Görüş Maydadır.

Görüş Maydadır. (Professional vs Casual)

カジュアル
Görüş Mayda.

Görüş Mayda. (Professional vs Casual)

スラング
Mayda görüşürük!

Mayda görüşürük! (Professional vs Casual)

Months of the Year

İlin Ayları

Winter

  • Yanvar January
  • Fevral February
  • Dekabr December

Spring

  • Mart March
  • Aprel April
  • May May

レベル別の例文

1

Yanvar soyuqdur.

January is cold.

2

Mənim ad günüm Maydadır.

My birthday is in May.

3

İyul yay ayıdır.

July is a summer month.

4

Biz Martda gəlirik.

We are coming in March.

1

Sentyabrda məktəblər açılır.

Schools open in September.

2

Fevral qısa aydır.

February is a short month.

3

Oktyabrda hava gözəldir.

The weather is nice in October.

4

Dekabrda qar yağır.

It snows in December.

1

Layihəni Apreldən İyuna qədər bitirməliyik.

We must finish the project from April to June.

2

Noyabrda çox yağış yağır.

It rains a lot in November.

3

İyunda tətilə gedəcəyik.

We will go on vacation in June.

4

Avqustda çox istidir.

It is very hot in August.

1

Konfrans Sentyabrın on beşində keçiriləcək.

The conference will be held on September 15th.

2

İyun ayı ilin ən uzun günlərini əhatə edir.

The month of June covers the longest days of the year.

3

Biz Yanvarın sonuna qədər gözləməliyik.

We must wait until the end of January.

4

Martın əvvəlində bayramlar çoxdur.

There are many holidays at the beginning of March.

1

Oktyabr inqilabı tarixdə mühüm yer tutur.

The October Revolution holds an important place in history.

2

Noyabrın soyuq nəfəsi artıq hiss olunur.

The cold breath of November is already felt.

3

Fevralın sonu baharın müjdəçisidir.

The end of February is the harbinger of spring.

4

Dekabrın ortalarında qış mövsümü rəsmən başlayır.

The winter season officially begins in mid-December.

1

İyulun qızmar günəşində tarlalar saralır.

The fields turn yellow under the scorching sun of July.

2

Aprel yağışları torpağı canlandırır.

April showers bring the soil to life.

3

Avqustun sonu yay fəslinin xülasəsidir.

The end of August is the summary of the summer season.

4

Yanvarın şaxtalı gecələri uzun və sakitdir.

The frosty nights of January are long and quiet.

間違えやすい

Months of the Year (İlin ayları) Locative vs Dative

Learners mix up 'in' (locative) and 'to' (dative).

よくある間違い

May-da

Mayda

Don't use hyphens with suffixes.

in May

Mayda

Azerbaijani uses suffixes, not prepositions.

mayda

Mayda

Months are proper nouns.

Maydə

Mayda

Vowel harmony error.

Mart-da

Martda

Suffix attaches directly.

Yanvarin

Yanvarın

Need the correct possessive suffix.

İyul-da

İyulda

Suffix attaches directly.

Mart ayında

Martda

Redundant usage of 'ayında'.

Aprel-də

Apreldə

Suffix attaches directly.

Sentyabr-da

Sentyabrda

Suffix attaches directly.

Dekabrın 1-də

Dekabrın 1-i

Date formatting error.

Noyabrda-ki

Noyabrdakı

Suffix order error.

Oktyabr-da

Oktyabrda

Suffix attaches directly.

文型パターン

Mənim ad günüm ___dadır.

Real World Usage

Texting constant

Görüşümüz Mayda.

💡

Vowel Harmony

Always check the last vowel of the month name before adding the suffix.

Smart Tips

Always check the last vowel of the month.

Mart-də Martda

発音

Martda [mart-dah] vs Apreldə [ap-rel-deh]

Vowel Harmony

Ensure the suffix matches the last vowel of the month.

Statement

Maydadır. ↘

Neutral information.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Remember the 'da/də' rule by thinking of 'da' as 'in' a big box (back vowels) and 'də' as 'in' a small box (front vowels).

視覚的連想

Imagine a calendar on your wall. Every time you say a month, imagine putting a sticker on that month's square.

Rhyme

Yanvar, Fevral, Mart, Aprel, May, İyun, İyul, Avqust, Sentyabr, Oktyabr, Noyabr, Dekabr — the year is done, let's have some fun!

Story

Ali was born in Yanvar. He went to school in Sentyabr. He finished his degree in May. Now he works in İyul.

Word Web

YanvarFevralMartAprelMayİyunİyulAvqust

チャレンジ

Write down your birthday and the birthdays of three friends using the correct Azerbaijani month and suffix.

文化メモ

Months are often used to define seasonal holidays like Novruz in March.

Most month names in Azerbaijani are derived from Latin/European roots via Russian influence.

会話のきっかけ

Ad günün hansı aydadır?

日記のテーマ

Write about your favorite month.

よくある間違い

Incorrect

正解


Incorrect

正解


Incorrect

正解


Incorrect

正解

Test Yourself

Fill in the blank.

Mənim ad günüm Yanvar___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Yanvar ends in a back vowel.
Choose the correct form. 選択問題

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Martda is the correct locative form.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Biz İyul-da gedirik.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Remove the hyphen.
Match the month. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: d
All are correct.
Reorder the words. Sentence Building

Mayda / ad / günüm / mənim / dir.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Standard subject-object-verb order.
True or False? True False Rule

Months are proper nouns.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Yes, they are.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Ad günün nə vaxtdır? B: ____.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Full sentence is better.
Add the suffix. Conjugation Drill

Aprel + da/də = ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: b
Aprel ends in a front vowel.

Score: /8

練習問題

8 exercises
Fill in the blank.

Mənim ad günüm Yanvar___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Yanvar ends in a back vowel.
Choose the correct form. 選択問題

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Martda is the correct locative form.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Biz İyul-da gedirik.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Remove the hyphen.
Match the month. Match Pairs

Match the month to its English equivalent.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: d
All are correct.
Reorder the words. Sentence Building

Mayda / ad / günüm / mənim / dir.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Standard subject-object-verb order.
True or False? True False Rule

Months are proper nouns.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Yes, they are.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Ad günün nə vaxtdır? B: ____.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Full sentence is better.
Add the suffix. Conjugation Drill

Aprel + da/də = ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: b
Aprel ends in a front vowel.

Score: /8

よくある質問 (8)

Yes, they are proper nouns.

Use the locative suffix -da or -də.

No, the rule is very consistent.

Yes, but it's often redundant.

It will sound unnatural but likely be understood.

English uses 'in', Azerbaijani uses a suffix.

Yes, it is standard.

Use the months in daily sentences.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

Spanish partial

en [mes]

Suffix vs Preposition.

French partial

en [mois]

Suffix vs Preposition.

German partial

im [Monat]

Suffix vs Contraction.

Japanese partial

[Month] ni

Suffix vs Particle.

Arabic partial

fi [Month]

Suffix vs Preposition.

Chinese low

[Month] [Time]

Inflection vs Word Order.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

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