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B2 verb ニュートラル 2分で読める

afvise

/ˈɑvˌviːsə/
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Overview

The Danish verb 'afvise' is a versatile and commonly used word that encapsulates the act of refusing, rejecting, dismissing, or turning down something or someone. Its core meaning revolves around the idea of not accepting or agreeing to a proposition, request, person, or idea. Understanding its nuances is crucial for accurate communication in Danish.

One of the primary uses of 'afvise' is in the context of rejecting a proposal or offer. For instance, if someone proposes a business deal that you don't find favorable, you would 'afvise' the offer. Similarly, if a job applicant is not deemed suitable for a position, their application would be 'afvist'. In these scenarios, 'afvise' implies a clear denial or refusal to proceed.

'Afvise' can also refer to the act of dismissing an idea or a suggestion. If a committee is discussing various solutions to a problem, and one idea is deemed impractical or unworkable, it would be 'afvist'. This usage highlights the idea of discarding or setting aside something as not valid or relevant.

Furthermore, 'afvise' can be used in a more personal context, signifying the act of turning someone away or rejecting their advances. For example, if someone tries to engage in a conversation that you are not interested in, you might 'afvise' them, politely but firmly indicating your lack of interest. In a romantic context, 'afvise' would mean to reject a suitor or a romantic proposition.

Grammatically, 'afvise' is a regular -e verb in Danish. Its conjugations follow a predictable pattern:

  • Present tense: afviser (e.g., 'Jeg afviser tilbuddet' - I reject the offer)
  • Past tense (preterite): afviste (e.g., 'Hun afviste hans forslag' - She rejected his proposal)
  • Past participle: afvist (e.g., 'Forslaget blev afvist' - The proposal was rejected)

It is important to note the distinction between 'afvise' and other similar verbs like 'nægte' (to deny) or 'frasige sig' (to renounce). While all involve a form of refusal, 'afvise' often implies a more direct rejection of an external entity or proposition, whereas 'nægte' might be about denying a fact or an accusation, and 'frasige sig' involves giving up a right or responsibility.

In essence, 'afvise' is a powerful and frequently used verb in Danish that covers a broad spectrum of rejections, refusals, and dismissals, making it an essential part of the vocabulary for anyone learning the language.

例文

1

Hun valgte at afvise tilbuddet.

When someone declines an offer or proposal.

She chose to refuse the offer.

2

Dommeren afviste anklagerne på grund af manglende beviser.

Used in a legal context when charges or a case are rejected.

The judge dismissed the charges due to lack of evidence.

3

Han afviste kritikken som grundløs.

When someone doesn't accept criticism or an accusation.

He rejected the criticism as groundless.

4

De afviste at forhandle om betingelserne.

When parties are unwilling to discuss or change terms.

They refused to negotiate the terms.

5

Min krop afviste medicinen.

In a medical context, when the body does not accept a substance or organ.

My body rejected the medicine.

よく使う組み合わせ

afvise et forslag
afvise en anmodning
afvise en idé
afvise et tilbud
afvise en person

よく混同される語

afvise 対 afvige
These words are similar in structure but 'afvise' means to refuse, while 'afvige' means to deviate or depart from something.
afvise 対 afvise (reflexive)
When used reflexively ('afvise sig selv'), it means to reject oneself or to be self-deprecating, which changes the nuance from simply refusing something external.

文法パターン

at afvise noget at afvise nogen at afvise at + infinitiv

使い方

使い方のコツ

'Afvise' is a versatile verb meaning 'to refuse,' 'to reject,' or 'to dismiss.' It can be used in various contexts, from formal to informal. For example, one can 'afvise et tilbud' (refuse an offer), 'afvise en ansøgning' (reject an application), or 'afvise en idé' (dismiss an idea). It's also used in the sense of physically turning someone away, such as 'at afvise en ubuden gæst' (to turn away an uninvited guest). The past tense is 'afviste' and the past participle is 'afvist.' It often takes a direct object. When refusing a request, you might say 'Jeg må desværre afvise dit ønske' (I unfortunately have to refuse your wish). It implies a considered decision rather than a spontaneous disinclination.

よくある間違い

A common mistake for English speakers is confusing 'afvise' with words that sound similar but have different meanings, such as 'advise' (rådgive). Another common mistake is using it interchangeably with 'nægte' (to deny) or 'afslå' (to decline). While they are related, 'afvise' specifically implies a rejection of something offered or suggested, often with a sense of dismissal or repudiation. For instance, you 'afvise' an offer, a proposal, or an accusation. You wouldn't typically 'afvise' a fact, you would 'nægte' it. Ensure you are using 'afvise' in contexts where refusal or rejection is the appropriate nuance, particularly when an idea, offer, or person is being pushed away.

ヒント

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Word Class

Verb
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Synonyms

afslå, nægte, forkaste, dementere, tilbagevise
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Antonyms

acceptere, godkende, anerkende
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Related Noun

afvisning (refusal, rejection)
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Example Sentence

Han afviste forslaget med det samme. (He rejected the proposal immediately.)
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Pronunciation

/ˈafˌviːsə/
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Conjugation (Present)

afviser
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Conjugation (Past)

afviste
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Conjugation (Past Participle)

afvist
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Etymology

From Old Norse 'afvísa', meaning 'to ward off'.

語源

From Old Norse 'afvísa', meaning 'to turn away', 'to dismiss'. Composed of 'af-' (off, from) and 'vise' (to show, to point, to guide).

文化的な背景

In Danish culture, direct refusal can sometimes be softened to maintain harmony, though 'afvise' itself is a fairly direct term. Danes generally value clear communication, so while politeness is important, ambiguity is often avoided. When 'afvise' is used, it typically indicates a firm decision. In professional settings, 'afvise' can be used to reject proposals or applications, and it's expected to be straightforward. In personal contexts, one might use it to decline an invitation or an offer, and depending on the relationship, this might be accompanied by an explanation. It's less common to use 'afvise' for minor disagreements, where softer phrasing might be preferred. The term carries a sense of finality.

覚え方のコツ

Think of 'afvise' as 'off-wise' – you're wisely turning something off or away because you refuse it.

よくある質問

4 問
The Danish word for 'to refuse to accept or agree to something' is 'afvise'. This versatile verb can be used in various contexts to express rejection, dismissal, or denial. For instance, one might 'afvise et tilbud' (refuse an offer), 'afvise en anklage' (deny an accusation), or 'afvise et forslag' (reject a proposal). Understanding the nuances of 'afvise' is crucial for effective communication in Danish, as it conveys a firm stance against something presented or suggested. Its usage often implies a conscious decision not to proceed with, acknowledge, or approve a particular item, idea, or request, making it a key term in expressing disagreement or non-compliance.
The Danish verb 'afvise' follows a regular conjugation pattern. Here's a breakdown: Present tense: 'afviser' (e.g., 'Jeg afviser tilbuddet' - I refuse the offer). Past tense: 'afviste' (e.g., 'Han afviste forslaget' - He rejected the proposal). Perfect participle: 'afvist' (e.g., 'Hun har afvist kritikken' - She has dismissed the criticism). Imperative: 'afvis' (e.g., 'Afvis det!' - Reject it!). This consistent conjugation makes 'afvise' relatively straightforward to use across different tenses and grammatical structures, allowing speakers to accurately convey the timing and nature of a refusal or rejection in Danish conversations and writings.
Certainly! Here are some examples of 'afvise' in Danish sentences: 1. 'Bestyrelsen afviste alle forslag om ændringer.' (The board rejected all proposals for changes.) 2. 'Jeg er nødt til at afvise dit tilbud, da det ikke passer med mine planer.' (I have to refuse your offer, as it doesn't fit with my plans.) 3. 'Politiet afviste at kommentere sagen.' (The police refused to comment on the case.) 4. 'Hun afviste blankt alle anklager mod hende.' (She flatly denied all accusations against her.) These examples illustrate the diverse applications of 'afvise' in expressing refusal, rejection, or denial in various situations, highlighting its importance in Danish vocabulary.
In Danish, synonyms for 'afvise' that convey similar meanings of rejection or dismissal include 'forkaste' (to reject, to discard), 'afslå' (to decline, to refuse, often a more polite refusal), and 'nægte' (to deny, to refuse to admit). Each of these words carries slightly different nuances, but they all express a form of non-acceptance. Conversely, antonyms for 'afvise' would include words that signify acceptance or agreement, such as 'acceptere' (to accept), 'godkende' (to approve), 'vedtage' (to adopt, to pass), and 'imødekomme' (to accommodate, to meet a request). Understanding these related terms enriches one's ability to express various degrees of acceptance or refusal in Danish.

自分をテスト

fill blank

Han ______ tilbuddet om en ny bil.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
fill blank

Hun måtte ______ forslaget på grund af manglende ressourcer.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
fill blank

Det er vigtigt at kunne ______ dårlige ideer.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:

スコア： /3

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