Chapter in 30 Seconds
Master the art of identifying the subject and using German articles like a pro.
- Identify the subject of a sentence using the Nominative case.
- Apply the correct definite and indefinite articles (der, die, das, ein, eine).
- Use the 'sein' verb rule to maintain the Nominative form.
学べること
Hey, language hero! Ready to take one of the most fundamental steps in learning German? In this chapter, we're going to learn a super important skill: how to identify the who or what performing the action in a German sentence! This is called the Nominative case, which is the basic form of nouns.
First, we'll learn what a subject is and why it's so crucial. Then we'll dive into those small but mighty words: der, die, and das – your essential tools for saying the in German. Mastering these is like getting the key to correctly building your sentences. After that, we'll learn ein and eine, which mean a or an, helping you talk about things that aren't specific. Imagine you're ordering at a cafe and want to say,
I want a coffeeor
Is there an empty chair?These are exactly where these words come in handy! And here's another cool tip: you'll learn that when you use the verb
sein (to be), nouns always stay in their Nominative form. It's a golden rule!
After this chapter, you'll be able to confidently construct simple German sentences, identify the actor in a sentence, and use der, die, das and ein, eine correctly for subjects. Don't worry, learning German is much easier than you think! Let's go!
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ドイツ語の主格：文章の主役を見つける (Nominativ)主格は文の「主役」を表すよ。ドイツ語の名詞の「基本の形」だと思ってね。キーワードは「主役」と「基本の形」だよ。
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ドイツ語の冠词 (der, die, das): どの「the」を使う？ドイツ語の文章を作る上で、この「der」「die」「das」（主格）をマスターするのが一番の土台になりますよ。
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ドイツ語の不定冠詞：1つの〜 (ein, eine)「男の子」や「中性」の名詞には「ein」を、「女の子」の名詞には「eine」を選びましょう。そして、目的語になるときは、「男の子」の名詞にだけ「-n」をつけて「einen」にするのを忘れずに！
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be動詞 (sein) の後の主格 (Nominative)「sein」動詞のあとは、名詞はいつも主格だよ。なぜかって？それは主語が「何であるか」を説明するから。「sein」「主格」「イコール」
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
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1
By the end you will be able to: correctly identify the subject in a simple sentence.
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2
By the end you will be able to: use 'der', 'die', 'das', 'ein', and 'eine' to describe nouns.
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3
By the end you will be able to: form sentences with the verb 'sein' using the Nominative case.
チャプターガイド
Overview
is and are straightforward. This is a significant step in your German grammar progression, paving the way for more complex sentence structures and a deeper understanding of the language.How This Grammar Works
Who? or What? is doing the verb.Der Mann liest, (The man is reading), Der Mann is the subject because he is doing the reading.the in English but must agree in gender and number with the noun they precede. For masculine nouns, we use der (e.g., der Hund - the dog).a or an. Similar to the definite articles, they also depend on the gender of the noun. For masculine and neuter nouns, we use ein (e.g., ein Tisch - a table, ein Kind - a child). For feminine nouns, we use eine (e.g., eine Lampe - a lamp).Das ist ein Mann(That is a man) and
Der Mann ist groß(The man is tall) both use the Nominative. This rule simplifies many basic sentence constructions.
Common Mistakes
- 1✗ Wrong:
Ich bin ein Lehrer.
Ich bin ein Lehrer.
Lehrer is masculine, when used with sein (to be), the noun remains in the Nominative case. Here, ein Lehrer is correct as Lehrer is already in its Nominative form. This is a common point of confusion, but with sein, you don't change the article or noun based on what it *is*.- 1✗ Wrong:
Die Auto ist rot.
Das Auto ist rot.
Auto (car) is neuter in German. Therefore, the definite article for the car must be das, not die. This is a fundamental error in article agreement.- 1✗ Wrong:
Ich sehe ein Frau.
Ich sehe eine Frau.
Frau (woman) is feminine. The indefinite article a for a feminine noun in the Nominative case is eine, not ein.
Real Conversations
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Quick FAQ
What is the Nominative case in German grammar for A1 learners?
The Nominative case is the basic form of a noun or pronoun and is used for the subject of a sentence, indicating who or what is performing the action.
How do I know which German article (der, die, das) to use for a noun?
You need to learn the gender of each noun. Masculine nouns take der, feminine nouns take die, and neuter nouns take das.
When do I use ein or eine in German?
You use ein or eine for indefinite articles (a or an) when referring to a non-specific noun. Ein is used for masculine and neuter nouns, and eine for feminine nouns.
Does the verb sein affect the case of the noun that follows it in German?
No, a key rule in German grammar is that nouns following the verb sein (to be) always remain in the Nominative case.
Cultural Context
重要な例文 (8)
ヒントとコツ (4)
性別がカギ！
セットで覚えよう
「-n」の魔法！
Ich habe einen Hund.のように、「-en」がつきます。「MascN」と覚えておくと便利ですよ！
イコールサインのコツ
重要な語彙 (6)
Real-World Preview
Ordering at a Cafe
Review Summary
- Subject + Verb
- der (masc), die (fem), das (neut)
- ein (masc/neut), eine (fem)
- Subject + sein + Nominative
よくある間違い
After 'sein', you must use Nominative, not Accusative. 'Einen' is for Accusative, so avoid it here.
You used the masculine article 'der' instead of the feminine 'die'. Always match the article to the noun's gender.
When introducing an item for the first time, use the indefinite article 'ein'. Use 'der' only if the item was already mentioned.
このチャプターのルール (4)
Next Steps
You've laid a strong foundation today! Keep practicing those articles, and you'll be speaking German fluently in no time.
Label 10 items in your room with their correct gendered article.
クイック練習 (10)
___ Hund spielt im Garten.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ドイツ語の主格：文章の主役を見つける (Nominativ)
正しい文を選びましょう:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ドイツ語の冠词 (der, die, das): どの「the」を使う？
Find and fix the mistake:
Das ist einen Fehler.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: be動詞 (sein) の後の主格 (Nominative)
「That is a book」の文法的に正しい文を選んでください。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ドイツ語の主格：文章の主役を見つける (Nominativ)
Choose the correct sentence:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ドイツ語の不定冠詞：1つの〜 (ein, eine)
Find and fix the mistake:
Der Kinder sind glücklich.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ドイツ語の主格：文章の主役を見つける (Nominativ)
Er ist ___ {m} guter Freund.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: be動詞 (sein) の後の主格 (Nominative)
Find and fix the mistake:
Ich habe ein Lampe.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ドイツ語の不定冠詞：1つの〜 (ein, eine)
Find and fix the mistake:
Der Kinder spielen im Garten.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ドイツ語の冠词 (der, die, das): どの「the」を使う？
Dort ist ___ {der|m} Tisch.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ドイツ語の不定冠詞：1つの〜 (ein, eine)
Score: /10
