Chapter in 30 Seconds
Master the flow of German sentences to communicate with natural, native-like precision.
- Arrange objects and time expressions with the TeKaMoLo rule.
- Manipulate pronouns to sound more fluid.
- Integrate complex verb structures and connectors seamlessly.
学べること
Ready to level up your German and sound more like a native speaker? This chapter is all about refining your sentences to make them sound incredibly natural and sophisticated. You'll master the art of German word order, learning exactly how to place words, especially when you have two objects in a sentence. We'll uncover the power of pronouns – they always jump to the front of the queue, even if they're the direct object! You'll also learn the famous 'TeKaMoLo' rule, a simple trick to correctly order time, reason, manner, and place in your sentences, making them flow perfectly. Ever wondered what happens to separable verbs in subordinate clauses? We'll demystify that, showing you how they stick together and move to the very end of the sentence. Plus, you'll learn to connect your ideas smoothly using 'deshalb' (therefore) and 'trotzdem' (anyway), always remembering to put the verb right after them. Crucially, we'll dive deep into German verbs with fixed prepositions, like 'warten auf' (to wait for) or 'denken an' (to think about). Mastering these is a game-changer – it's the difference between sounding like you're translating word-for-word and speaking with genuine fluency. Imagine confidently telling a German waiter, 'Give *him* a drink,' or precisely explaining why you were late. By the end of this chapter, you won't just be building grammatically correct sentences; you'll be crafting natural, flowing, and articulate German. Your conversations will be smoother, your understanding deeper, and your confidence in speaking will soar. Let's make your German truly shine!
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語順:名詞の与格(Dativ)は対格(Akkusativ)の前名詞が2つ並ぶ時は、常に「誰に(3格)」を「何を(4格)」の前に置こう!
Dativが先、Akkusativが後だよ。 -
ドイツ語の語順:代名詞が優先(対格代名詞 + 与格名詞)代名詞と名詞を一緒に使うときは、たとえ4格(直接目的語)であっても «代名詞» が必ず先にきます。
esやihnが先頭バッターです! -
ドイツ語の語順:TeKaMoLo(テカモロ)の法則魔法の呪文「TeKaMoLo」を意識するだけで、ネイティブみたいな自然な文章が作れるよ。
Temporal (いつ)Kausal (なぜ)Modal (どう)Lokal (どこ)の順番をセットで覚えちゃおう! -
副文での分離動詞:切り離さないのが正解!副文では分離動詞は「合体」して文の最後に置かれます。
weilやdassが聞こえたら、動詞を最後に持っていく準備をしましょう! -
考えを繋ぐ:「だから」と「それにもかかわらず」(deshalb, trotzdem)文章を論理的につなぐ
deshalbとtrotzdem。使った後は必ず「動詞+主語」の順番に入れ替えるのがコツですよ! -
ドイツ語の固定前置詞を伴う動詞 (warten auf, denken an)Mastering fixed prepositions is the key to moving from broken sentences to natural-sounding German at the B1 level.
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
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1
By the end you will be able to: Correctly order dative and accusative objects in any sentence.
チャプターガイド
Overview
Refining Sentence Structure and Connections,is designed to elevate your fluency from good to truly impressive.
How This Grammar Works
something and someone are expressed with pronouns, the accusative pronoun comes first.Common Mistakes
- 1✗ Wrong:
Ich gebe das Buch ihm.
Ich gebe ihm das Buch.
- 1✗ Wrong:
Ich sehe ihn morgen im Kino.
Ich sehe ihn morgen im Kino.(This is actually correct in this specific instance because 'ihn' is accusative and 'morgen' and 'im Kino' are time/place adverbs. A better example highlighting the pronoun rule is below.)
Ich gebe es dem Mann.
Ich gebe es ihm.(Here 'es' is accusative pronoun, 'ihm' is dative pronoun. Accusative pronoun jumps ahead of dative noun/pronoun.)
- 1✗ Wrong:
Weil ich müde bin, gehe ich ins Bett.
Weil ich müde bin, gehe ich ins Bett.(This is correct for a subordinate clause. The mistake is usually in the *main* clause order after a subordinate clause.)
Weil ich müde bin, ins Bett gehe ich.
Weil ich müde bin, gehe ich ins Bett.
- 1✗ Wrong:
Ich denke über das Problem.
Ich denke über das Problem nach.
- 1✗ Wrong:
Er ist krank, deshalb er geht nicht zur Arbeit.
Er ist krank, deshalb geht er nicht zur Arbeit.
Real Conversations
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Quick FAQ
When do I use 'deshalb' and 'trotzdem'?
Use 'deshalb' to show a consequence or result (therefore, that's why). Use 'trotzdem' to introduce something that happens in spite of a previous statement (however, nevertheless, anyway). Remember, the verb always comes right after them!
Are separable verbs always at the end of the sentence?
Separable verbs have their prefixes at the end of main clauses. In subordinate clauses (introduced by conjunctions like 'weil', 'dass', 'ob'), the entire verb, including the prefix, stays together at the very end of the clause.
Cultural Context
重要な例文 (8)
Ich schicke der Mutter ein Foto von meinem Mittagessen.
お母さんにランチの写真を送っているところだよ。
語順:名詞の与格(Dativ)は対格(Akkusativ)の前Der Influencer zeigt seinen Followern sein neues Setup.
そのインフルエンサーはフォロワーに新しい機材を紹介している。
語順:名詞の与格(Dativ)は対格(Akkusativ)の前Ich fahre heute wegen der Arbeit mit dem Zug nach Berlin.
今日は仕事のために電車でベルリンへ行きます。
ドイツ語の語順:TeKaMoLo(テカモロ)の法則Wir sind gestern aus Langeweile lange spazieren gegangen.
私たちは昨日、退屈だったので長く散歩しました。
ドイツ語の語順:TeKaMoLo(テカモロ)の法則ヒントとコツ (4)
「人を先に」と覚えよう
Ich zeige dem Gast das Zimmer.
「短さ」のルール
Ich zeige es dem Chef.
「広い範囲から狭い範囲」のルール
heute um 8 Uhr になるよ。「weil」の罠に注意!
weil の後も普通の語順で話す人がいますが、B1試験や正しい書き言葉では必ず最後に動詞をくっつけます。 ...weil ich heute einkaufe.
重要な語彙 (6)
Real-World Preview
Ordering at a restaurant
Review Summary
- Subj + Verb + Dat + Acc
- Time + Manner + Place
よくある間違い
In German, the dative object (recipient) typically precedes the accusative object (thing given).
You must use the fixed preposition 'auf' with 'warten'.
In subordinate clauses, the verb must go to the very end.
このチャプターのルール (6)
Next Steps
You've mastered the building blocks of natural speech. Keep practicing!
Read a German news article and highlight the connectors.
クイック練習 (10)
Find and fix the mistake:
Ich denke über dich.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ドイツ語の固定前置詞を伴う動詞 (warten auf, denken an)
Ich fahre ___ (nach Berlin / morgen / mit dem Bus).
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ドイツ語の語順:TeKaMoLo(テカモロ)の法則
「私はそれを上司に見せる」と言いたいとき:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ドイツ語の語順:代名詞が優先(対格代名詞 + 与格名詞)
Ich schicke ______.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ドイツ語の語順:代名詞が優先(対格代名詞 + 与格名詞)
Find and fix the mistake:
Das hängt von dem Wetter.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ドイツ語の固定前置詞を伴う動詞 (warten auf, denken an)
___ wartest du?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ドイツ語の固定前置詞を伴う動詞 (warten auf, denken an)
Find and fix the mistake:
Er leiht {seinem|m} Bruder ihn.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ドイツ語の語順:代名詞が優先(対格代名詞 + 与格名詞)
正しい文を選んでみて:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ドイツ語の語順:TeKaMoLo(テカモロ)の法則
Ich mag Sport nicht. Deshalb ich gehe nicht ins Fitnessstudio.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 考えを繋ぐ:「だから」と「それにもかかわらず」(deshalb, trotzdem)
Find and fix the mistake:
Er schickt die Nachricht dem Freund.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 語順:名詞の与格(Dativ)は対格(Akkusativ)の前
Score: /10
よくある質問 (6)
Ich gebe dem Hund einen Knochen.
Ich schenke der Schwester das Buch.
Ich zeige es dem Mann.
Ich gebe es dem Mann.
Ich fahre morgen nach Berlin.みたいに時間を先に言おう。
In Berlin habe ich gestern gearbeitet.のようにできる。ただし、動詞は必ず2番目にして、主語は動詞の直後に置いてね。