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B1 verb #6,000 よく出る 11分で読める

erkunden

上位6,000

練習する例文メモとヒント erkunden 30秒で

解説 erkunden in your Level:

At the A1 level, you can think of 'erkunden' as a fancy way to say you are looking at something new. Even though it is a B1 word, you might see it in simple travel books. At this stage, just remember that it means 'to explore' a place like a park, a city, or a house. You use it with a direct object. For example: 'Ich erkunde Berlin.' (I explore Berlin). You don't need any special prepositions. It is a regular verb, so the endings are the same as 'machen' or 'lernen'. Just remember that the 'er-' part does not move! You don't say 'Ich kunde den Park er.' You say 'Ich erkunde den Park.' This level focuses on the physical act of looking around a new place during a holiday or a walk.

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At the A2 level, you should start using 'erkunden' to describe your weekend activities or vacations. It helps you sound more descriptive than just using 'sehen' (to see) or 'gehen' (to go). You can use it in the past tense (Perfekt) to tell stories. Remember the rule: no 'ge-' in the past participle! 'Ich habe die Stadt erkundet.' This is a very common mistake for A2 students, so mastering it will make your German sound much better. You can also start pairing it with simple adverbs like 'zusammen' (together) or 'morgen' (tomorrow). For example: 'Wir haben zusammen den Wald erkundet.' It's a great word for talking about hobbies like hiking or traveling to new countries.

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At the B1 level, you are expected to use 'erkunden' accurately in both physical and slightly more abstract contexts. You should understand the difference between 'erkunden' and 'sich erkundigen' (to inquire), as this is a common trap in B1 exams. At this level, you might use it to talk about 'den Markt erkunden' (exploring the market) in a professional context or 'Möglichkeiten erkunden' (exploring possibilities) when discussing plans. You should also be comfortable using it in subordinate clauses, such as: 'Ich finde es spannend, fremde Länder zu erkunden.' (I find it exciting to explore foreign countries). Your vocabulary is growing, so try to use 'erkunden' instead of 'besuchen' when you want to emphasize the discovery aspect of your journey.

At the B2 level, 'erkunden' becomes a tool for more nuanced expression. You should be able to distinguish it from 'erforschen' (to research/investigate scientifically) and 'besichtigen' (to sightsee). You might encounter 'erkunden' in more formal texts, such as newspaper articles about space exploration or urban development. You should also be familiar with the noun form 'Erkundung' (exploration/scouting). In your writing, you can use it to describe systematic processes: 'Zuerst müssen wir die Gegebenheiten vor Ort erkunden, bevor wir mit dem Bau beginnen.' (First, we must explore the local conditions before we begin construction). At this stage, you should also be aware of its use in literature to build atmosphere and anticipation.

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At the C1 level, you should use 'erkunden' with precision in professional, academic, and literary contexts. You understand that 'erkunden' implies a systematic but perhaps non-scientific gathering of information. You might use it metaphorically to describe intellectual journeys: 'In seinem neuen Roman erkundet der Autor die Grenzen der menschlichen Belastbarkeit.' (In his new novel, the author explores the limits of human resilience). You are also expected to recognize related terms like 'Erkundungsflug' (reconnaissance flight) or 'Erkundungstrupp' (scouting party). Your use of the verb should reflect an understanding of its stylistic value—it is a word that suggests active engagement and curiosity, often used to elevate the tone of a report or a narrative.

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At the C2 level, you have a masterly command of 'erkunden' and its place within the German lexicon. You can use it to discuss complex philosophical or scientific concepts where the act of 'exploring' is a metaphor for human inquiry. You might analyze how 'erkunden' differs from 'ergründen' (to get to the bottom of something). While 'erkunden' is about the breadth of discovery, 'ergründen' is about the depth of understanding. You can use 'erkunden' in highly formal speeches or academic papers to describe the preliminary phases of a study. Your understanding of the word includes its historical development and its subtle shifts in meaning across different domains, from the military 'Aufklärung' to the modern 'User Experience' design where users 'erkunden' an interface.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

erkunden 30秒で

Erkunden is a B1-level German verb meaning 'to explore' or 'to scout' an unfamiliar place or situation to gain knowledge.
It is a regular verb with an inseparable 'er-' prefix, meaning it does not use 'ge-' in its past participle form (erkundet).
It always requires a direct object in the accusative case, such as a city, a forest, or abstract possibilities.
Commonly used in travel, science, and digital contexts to describe the process of intentional discovery and observation.

The German verb erkunden is a sophisticated yet common term that primarily translates to "to explore," "to scout," or "to reconnoiter." At its core, it describes the intentional act of traveling through an unfamiliar area or investigating a specific situation to gain knowledge, information, or a better understanding of the surroundings. Unlike simple movement, erkunden implies a purpose: you are not just walking; you are observing, mapping, and learning. It is a transitive verb, meaning it always takes a direct object—the thing or place being explored.

The Prefix 'er-': In German, the prefix 'er-' often signifies the beginning of an action or the successful achievement of a goal through that action. When attached to the root related to 'kunde' (knowledge or information), it transforms the concept into the active pursuit of gaining that knowledge by physical or intellectual presence.

People use erkunden in a variety of contexts, ranging from physical travel to abstract investigation. In a travel context, it suggests a deeper level of engagement than 'besuchen' (to visit). If you visit a city, you might just see the main sights; if you erkunden a city, you wander through side streets, find hidden cafes, and try to understand the local atmosphere. It is the favorite word of hikers, backpackers, and urban explorers who want to discover the 'Geheimtipps' (insider tips) of a region.

Wir haben den ganzen Nachmittag lang die verwinkelten Gassen der Altstadt erkundet.

Beyond physical space, the word is frequently used in professional and military contexts. A scout might das Gelände erkunden (scout the terrain) before a group moves forward. In a business setting, one might den Markt erkunden (explore the market) to see if a new product has potential. This flexibility makes it a powerful verb for describing any situation where curiosity meets systematic investigation. It suggests a certain level of bravery or at least a proactive spirit, as you are entering the 'Unbekannte' (the unknown).

Common Objects: Commonly explored things include: die Umgebung (surroundings), die Natur (nature), fremde Planeten (foreign planets), die Möglichkeiten (possibilities), and das Terrain (terrain).

Wissenschaftler erkunden die Tiefsee, um neue Tierarten zu finden.

In summary, erkunden is about the thrill of the new. It is about the first time you step into a forest, the first time you open a complex software program to see what it can do, or the first time a rover lands on Mars. It captures the human drive to know more about the world around us through direct experience and careful observation.

Grammatically, erkunden is a regular (weak) verb. This is good news for learners because it follows predictable conjugation patterns. However, it is important to remember that it is a non-separable prefix verb. The 'er-' stays attached to the root 'kunden' in all forms, and it does not take a '-ge-' prefix in the Perfekt (past participle) form. So, the past participle is simply erkundet, not 'geerkundet'.

Conjugation Basics: Präsens: ich erkunde, du erkundest, er/sie/es erkundet. Präteritum: ich erkundete. Perfekt: ich habe erkundet.

When building a sentence, the most important thing is the Accusative object. You must specify what you are exploring. If you just say "Ich erkunde," the listener will immediately ask "Was?" (What?). For example, "Ich erkunde die Gegend" (I am exploring the area). Here, 'die Gegend' is in the accusative case. If you use a masculine noun like 'der Wald' (the forest), it becomes 'den Wald': "Wir erkunden den Wald."

Bevor wir das Zelt aufschlagen, sollten wir die Umgebung gründlich erkunden.

You can also use adverbs to describe how the exploration is happening. Common adverbs paired with erkunden include gemeinsam (together), alleine (alone), vorsichtig (carefully), systematisch (systematically), or zu Fuß (on foot). For instance, "Die Kinder erkunden spielerisch den Garten" (The children are exploring the garden playfully). This adds flavor to the sentence and clarifies the intent of the explorer.

In more complex sentences, erkunden often appears in the infinitive with 'zu' or as part of a modal verb construction. "Es ist wichtig, neue Kulturen zu erkunden" (It is important to explore new cultures). Or, "Wir wollen morgen die Höhle erkunden" (We want to explore the cave tomorrow). Notice how in the modal construction, erkunden moves to the very end of the sentence, which is a standard rule in German syntax.

Nachdem sie die Karte studiert hatten, begannen sie, den Pfad zu erkunden.

Finally, consider the passive voice, though it is less common for this verb. "Die Insel wurde von den Seefahrern erkundet" (The island was explored by the sailors). This shifts the focus from the explorers to the place itself, which can be useful in historical or scientific writing where the discovery is the primary subject of the narrative.

In everyday German life, you will encounter erkunden in several specific environments. Perhaps the most frequent is in the context of tourism and leisure. Travel brochures, websites like TripAdvisor (the German version), and travel blogs are filled with phrases like "Erkunden Sie die Schönheit der Alpen" (Explore the beauty of the Alps). It sounds more inviting and adventurous than simply saying "See the Alps." It suggests that there is something waiting to be found by the traveler.

In Documentaries and News: Nature documentaries (Naturdokumentationen) frequently use this verb when describing animals discovering new territories or scientists searching for rare plants in the rainforest. "Der junge Tiger erkundet sein neues Revier" (The young tiger explores his new territory).

In the digital age, erkunden has found a home in technology and gaming. Video games that feature open worlds, like 'The Legend of Zelda' or 'Minecraft', use erkunden to describe the core gameplay mechanic of moving through the digital landscape. Even in software, a 'Tour' or a 'Tutorial' might be framed as an opportunity to die Funktionen der App zu erkunden (explore the functions of the app). It frames the learning process as a journey of discovery rather than a chore.

In diesem Open-World-Spiel kannst du eine riesige Galaxie erkunden.

Another common place to hear the word is in social situations when someone moves to a new city. A neighbor might ask, "Hast du schon die Nachbarschaft erkundet?" (Have you explored the neighborhood yet?). This is a friendly way to ask if the person has found the local bakery, the park, or the nearest bus stop. It acknowledges the transition period of moving and the effort required to make a new place feel like home.

Wir sollten am Wochenende mal das neue Einkaufszentrum erkunden.

Lastly, in literature and storytelling, erkunden is used to set a mood of mystery or anticipation. When a protagonist enters a dark castle or a mysterious island, the author uses this verb to signal to the reader that something important is about to be revealed. It is a word that carries the weight of curiosity and the potential for both danger and reward.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make with erkunden is confusing it with the reflexive verb sich erkundigen. While they share the same root, their meanings and grammatical structures are entirely different. Erkunden is transitive (exploring a place), while sich erkundigen is reflexive and means to ask about something. For example, you erkunden die Stadt (explore the city), but you erkundigen sich nach dem Weg (inquire about the way). Mixing these up can lead to confusing sentences like "Ich erkunde mich nach der Stadt," which sounds like you are exploring yourself in relation to the city.

The 'ge-' Trap: Because 'er-' is an inseparable prefix, you must not add 'ge-' in the past participle. Many learners say "Ich habe die Gegend geerkundet," which is incorrect. The correct form is "Ich habe die Gegend erkundet." Remember: verbs starting with 'be-', 'emp-', 'ent-', 'er-', 'ge-', 'miss-', 'ver-', and 'zer-' never take 'ge-' in the Perfekt.

Another common error is using erkunden when erforschen would be more appropriate. While they both mean 'explore', erforschen is more scientific and academic. You erkunden a forest to see if it's pretty or to find a path, but you erforschen a forest if you are a biologist studying its ecosystem. Using erkunden for a PhD thesis might sound too casual, while using erforschen for a casual walk in the park might sound overly dramatic or clinical.

Falsch: Ich erforsche am Wochenende die Shopping-Mall. (Too formal/scientific)
Richtig: Ich erkunde am Wochenende die Shopping-Mall.

Finally, learners sometimes confuse erkunden with entdecken (to discover). Discovery is the result, whereas exploration is the process. You can explore (erkunden) a cave for hours without discovering (entdecken) anything new. If you say "Ich habe ein neues Restaurant erkundet," it means you went there and looked around. If you say "Ich habe ein neues Restaurant entdeckt," it means you found it for the first time. Using them interchangeably can lose the nuance of whether you are talking about the journey or the find.

Falsch: Kolumbus hat Amerika erkundet. (He did explore it, but usually we mean he 'discovered' it: entdeckt).
Richtig: Kolumbus hat die Küsten Amerikas erkundet.

To avoid these mistakes, always ask yourself: Am I performing a physical or mental walkthrough (erkunden), am I asking a question (sich erkundigen), or did I just find something (entdecken)? Matching the verb to the specific stage of the journey will make your German sound much more natural and precise.

German is a language of precision, and there are several words that overlap with erkunden but carry slightly different connotations. Understanding these nuances will help you choose the right word for the right situation. The most common alternatives are erforschen, besichtigen, untersuchen, and durchstreifen.

Erkunden vs. Erforschen: As mentioned before, erforschen is more scientific. It comes from 'Forschung' (research). You explore a planet to map it (erkunden), but you research its atmosphere (erforschen). Erkunden is visual and spatial; erforschen is analytical and deep.

Besichtigen is specifically used for sightseeing or inspecting a property. If you go to a museum or a castle as a tourist, you besichtigen it. It implies looking at something that is already known and prepared for visitors. Erkunden, on the other hand, implies that the place is somewhat unknown or that you are finding your own way through it. You besichtigen the Louvre, but you erkunden the small streets of Montmartre.

Erkunden vs. Untersuchen: Untersuchen means 'to examine' or 'to investigate'. It is often used by doctors examining a patient or police investigating a crime scene. While erkunden is about the broad overview of a place, untersuchen is about looking at the details to find a specific cause or evidence.

For a more poetic or physical feel, you might use durchstreifen. This means 'to roam through' or 'to wander through'. It suggests a less systematic and more leisurely movement, often through nature. "Wir durchstreifen die Wälder" (We roam through the forests). It lacks the information-gathering goal of erkunden and focuses more on the act of walking and the sensory experience of the environment.

Der Detektiv untersuchte den Raum, aber der Abenteurer erkundete die ganze Insel.

Finally, in a very informal setting, you might hear abchecken (to check out). "Lass uns die neue Bar abchecken." While this is slang, it serves a similar purpose to erkunden in a social context—going somewhere new to see what it's like. However, erkunden remains the more versatile and elegant choice for most situations where discovery and learning are involved.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

Although 'Kunde' today mostly means 'customer', its root refers to 'someone who is known' or 'knowledge'. When you 'erkunden' something, you are essentially turning an unknown into a 'Kunde' (something known).

発音ガイド

UK /ɛɐ̯ˈkʊndn̩/

US /ɛrˈkʊndən/

Second syllable (er-KUN-den)

韻が合う語

entmunden gefunden gebunden verbunden gewunden verschwunden umwunden gesunden

よくある間違い

Stressing the first syllable 'ER-kunden' (incorrect).
Pronouncing the 'er' like the English 'her' (incorrect).
Over-emphasizing the final 'en' (should be a soft schwa or syllabic n).
Confusing the 'u' sound with a long 'u' like in 'moon' (it should be short).
Adding a 'ge-' sound at the beginning in the past tense.

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize in context because of its similarity to 'explore' in meaning.

ライティング 4/5

Requires remembering the inseparable prefix and the lack of 'ge-' in Perfekt.

スピーキング 3/5

The pronunciation is straightforward once the stress on the second syllable is mastered.

リスニング 4/5

Can be confused with 'sich erkundigen' in fast speech.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

kennen die Stadt der Wald sehen gehen

次に学ぶ

erforschen besichtigen entdecken untersuchen sich erkundigen

上級

ergründen sondieren durchleuchten aufklären

知っておくべき文法

Inseparable Prefixes

Verbs with 'er-' like 'erkunden' never take 'ge-' in the past participle (Perfekt).

Transitive Verbs

'Erkunden' requires an accusative object (Wen oder was?).

Weak Verb Conjugation

Follows the standard -te ending in Präteritum (erkundete).

Word Order in Subordinate Clauses

The verb moves to the end: '...weil ich die Stadt erkunden will.'

Infinitive with 'zu'

Used after certain verbs or adjectives: 'Es ist schön, den Wald zu erkunden.'

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レベル別の例文

Ich erkunde den Park.

I explore the park.

Simple present tense with a direct object.

Wir erkunden die Stadt.

We explore the city.

Plural subject with the verb 'erkunden'.

Erkunden Sie das Haus?

Are you exploring the house?

Question form with formal 'Sie'.

Lass uns den Garten erkunden.

Let's explore the garden.

Infinitive used with 'lassen'.

Sie erkundet den Wald.

She explores the forest.

Third person singular conjugation.

Ich möchte die Schule erkunden.

I want to explore the school.

Modal verb 'möchte' with infinitive at the end.

Wir erkunden heute das Museum.

We are exploring the museum today.

Use of time adverb 'heute'.

Erkunden macht Spaß.

Exploring is fun.

Verb used as a noun (Gerund-like).

Gestern haben wir den Strand erkundet.

Yesterday we explored the beach.

Perfekt tense. Note: no 'ge-' prefix.

Er erkundete die alte Burg.

He explored the old castle.

Präteritum (simple past) tense.

Kommst du mit, die Gegend zu erkunden?

Are you coming along to explore the area?

Infinitive with 'zu'.

Wir haben viele neue Wege erkundet.

We explored many new paths.

Plural object 'viele neue Wege'.

Sie wollte die Insel alleine erkunden.

She wanted to explore the island alone.

Modal verb 'wollte' in the past.

Hast du schon dein neues Viertel erkundet?

Have you explored your new neighborhood yet?

Question in the Perfekt tense.

Wir erkundeten neugierig das Dorf.

We explored the village curiously.

Use of the adverb 'neugierig'.

Man kann hier viel erkunden.

One can explore a lot here.

Impersonal pronoun 'man'.

Es ist aufregend, eine fremde Kultur zu erkunden.

It is exciting to explore a foreign culture.

Infinitive clause as the subject of the sentence.

Bevor wir investieren, müssen wir den Markt erkunden.

Before we invest, we must explore the market.

Abstract usage of 'erkunden'.

Die Forscher erkunden die Tiefsee mit einem U-Boot.

The researchers explore the deep sea with a submarine.

Instrumental phrase 'mit einem U-Boot'.

Ich habe die Funktionen der neuen Software erkundet.

I have explored the functions of the new software.

Digital/Technical context.

Wir sollten zuerst das Gelände erkunden, bevor wir losgehen.

We should first explore the terrain before we set off.

Conditional/Recommendation with 'sollten'.

Sie hat die Möglichkeiten für ein Auslandsstudium erkundet.

She explored the possibilities for studying abroad.

Abstract object 'die Möglichkeiten'.

Der Roboter erkundet die Oberfläche des Mars.

The robot is exploring the surface of Mars.

Scientific/Space context.

Er liebt es, am Wochenende die Natur zu erkunden.

He loves exploring nature on the weekend.

Verb 'lieben' with 'es' and an infinitive clause.

Die Expedition hat das Ziel, das unkartierte Gebiet zu erkunden.

The expedition aims to explore the unmapped area.

Noun 'Ziel' followed by an infinitive phrase.

Man muss die Ursachen des Problems gründlich erkunden.

One must thoroughly explore the causes of the problem.

Metaphorical usage for investigation.

Nachdem sie die Ruinen erkundet hatten, machten sie eine Pause.

After they had explored the ruins, they took a break.

Plusquamperfekt (past perfect) tense.

Die Dokumentation zeigt, wie Tiere ihren Lebensraum erkunden.

The documentary shows how animals explore their habitat.

Indirect question clause starting with 'wie'.

Es gilt, neue Absatzwege für unsere Produkte zu erkunden.

It is necessary to explore new sales channels for our products.

Formal construction 'Es gilt, ... zu'.

Vorsichtig erkundete der Späher die feindlichen Stellungen.

The scout cautiously explored the enemy positions.

Military/Historical context.

Wir haben die historische Altstadt systematisch erkundet.

We systematically explored the historic old town.

Adverb 'systematisch' modifying the process.

Die Kinder erkunden ihre Umwelt mit allen Sinnen.

Children explore their environment with all their senses.

General statement about development.

In seiner Dissertation erkundet er die soziologischen Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung.

In his dissertation, he explores the sociological impacts of digitalization.

Academic context, metaphorical exploration.

Die Sonde wird die Zusammensetzung der Asteroiden erkunden.

The probe will explore the composition of the asteroids.

Futur I tense.

Es ist faszinierend zu beobachten, wie Kleinkinder die Welt erkunden.

It is fascinating to observe how toddlers explore the world.

Complex sentence with multiple clauses.

Wir müssen erst die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen erkunden.

We first need to explore the legal framework conditions.

Professional/Legal context.

Der Autor erkundet in seinem Werk die Abgründe der menschlichen Seele.

In his work, the author explores the depths of the human soul.

Literary/Philosophical metaphor.

Die Drohne wurde ausgesandt, um das Katastrophengebiet zu erkunden.

The drone was sent out to explore the disaster area.

Passive voice with a purpose clause ('um...zu').

Bevor wir das Projekt starten, sollten wir die Risiken erkunden.

Before we start the project, we should explore the risks.

Subordinate clause with 'bevor'.

Die Bergsteiger erkundeten mühsam den Weg zum Gipfel.

The climbers laboriously explored the path to the summit.

Adverb 'mühsam' (laboriously).

Die Philosophie erkundet seit Jahrtausenden die Natur des Seins.

Philosophy has been exploring the nature of being for millennia.

Abstract, high-level academic usage.

Es bedarf einer gründlichen Erkundung, um die verborgenen Schätze zu finden.

It requires a thorough exploration to find the hidden treasures.

Using the noun 'Erkundung' in a formal structure.

In einer Zeit des Umbruchs gilt es, neue Denkweisen zu erkunden.

In a time of upheaval, it is necessary to explore new ways of thinking.

Advanced 'Es gilt...zu' construction.

Die künstliche Intelligenz beginnt, komplexe Datenmuster zu erkunden.

Artificial intelligence is beginning to explore complex data patterns.

Modern technical context.

Man muss die psychologischen Nuancen dieses Verhaltens erkunden.

One must explore the psychological nuances of this behavior.

Analytical/Scientific usage.

Die Ausstellung erkundet die Wechselwirkung zwischen Mensch und Maschine.

The exhibition explores the interaction between man and machine.

Curatorial/Artistic context.

Er erkundet unermüdlich die Grenzen des physikalisch Möglichen.

He tirelessly explores the limits of what is physically possible.

Substantivized adjective 'Möglichen'.

Die Reportage erkundet die Hintergründe des politischen Skandals.

The reportage explores the background of the political scandal.

Journalistic/Investigative context.

類義語

erforschen besichtigen durchstreifen untersuchen aufklären auskundschaften inspizieren abchecken

反対語

ignorieren meiden verlassen vernachlässigen

よく使う組み合わせ

die Umgebung erkunden

das Gelände erkunden

den Markt erkunden

Möglichkeiten erkunden

die Stadt erkunden

neue Wege erkunden

die Natur erkunden

den Weltraum erkunden

eine Höhle erkunden

die Funktionen erkunden

よく使うフレーズ

auf eigene Faust erkunden

— To explore something on one's own without a guide or help.

Ich erkunde die Stadt am liebsten auf eigene Faust.

gemeinsam erkunden

— To explore something together with others.

Lass uns das Museum gemeinsam erkunden.

gründlich erkunden

— To explore something very thoroughly.

Wir haben das Haus gründlich erkundet.

systematisch erkunden

— To explore something in a planned and organized way.

Die Archäologen erkunden die Fundstätte systematisch.

spielerisch erkunden

— To explore something through play or in a lighthearted way.

Welpen erkunden ihre Welt spielerisch.

zu Fuß erkunden

— To explore something by walking.

Venedig lässt sich am besten zu Fuß erkunden.

mit dem Fahrrad erkunden

— To explore something by bike.

Wir erkunden die Insel mit dem Fahrrad.

vorsichtig erkunden

— To explore something with caution.

Der Hund erkundete vorsichtig das neue Zimmer.

neugierig erkunden

— To explore something with curiosity.

Die Touristen erkundeten neugierig den Markt.

das Terrain erkunden

— To scout the ground or check out the situation (often metaphorical).

Bevor ich frage, will ich erst mal das Terrain erkunden.

よく混同される語

erkunden vs sich erkundigen

This is reflexive and means 'to inquire' or 'to ask about'. It requires the preposition 'nach'.

erkunden vs erforschen

This means 'to research' or 'to investigate' in a scientific or very deep way.

erkunden vs entdecken

This means 'to discover'. It is the result of exploring, not the process itself.

慣用句と表現

"das Terrain erkunden"

— To check out the situation before taking action, similar to 'testing the waters'.

Bevor wir das Angebot machen, sollten wir das Terrain erkunden.

Neutral/Business

"die Lage erkunden"

— To assess the current state of affairs or a specific situation.

Ich gehe mal kurz rüber und erkunde die Lage.

Informal

"neuland erkunden"

— To explore 'new territory', meaning to do something that has never been done before.

Mit dieser Technologie erkunden wir absolutes Neuland.

Formal

"den Boden erkunden"

— To check the physical ground or metaphorical basis of something.

Wir müssen erst den Boden für Verhandlungen erkunden.

Neutral

"die Grenzen erkunden"

— To see how far one can go; to push the limits.

Jugendliche müssen ihre Grenzen erkunden.

Neutral

"die Tiefen erkunden"

— To look into the deep aspects of something (mind, sea, etc.).

Der Psychologe erkundet die Tiefen des Unterbewusstseins.

Formal

"die Umgebung sondieren"

— Related to erkunden: to probe the surroundings to see if they are safe or suitable.

Er sondierte vorsichtig die Umgebung.

Formal

"auf Erkundungstour gehen"

— To go on a trip specifically for the purpose of exploring.

Morgen gehen wir im Wald auf Erkundungstour.

Neutral

"einen Blick riskieren"

— Not exactly erkunden, but often the first step: to dare to take a look.

Ich habe mal einen Blick in die Höhle riskiert.

Informal

"Fühlung aufnehmen"

— To make initial contact or 'explore' a potential connection.

Wir haben mit der Konkurrenz Fühlung aufgenommen.

Formal

間違えやすい

erkunden vs besichtigen

Both involve looking at a place.

Besichtigen is for sightseeing known places; erkunden is for discovering unknown ones.

Wir besichtigen den Eiffelturm, aber wir erkunden die kleinen Gassen von Paris.

erkunden vs durchstreifen

Both involve moving through an area.

Durchstreifen is more about roaming or wandering; erkunden is more about gathering info.

Er durchstreift den Wald ohne Ziel, aber ich erkunde den Wald, um einen Weg zu finden.

erkunden vs untersuchen

Both involve looking for information.

Untersuchen is more clinical or detailed (like a doctor or detective); erkunden is broader.

Der Detektiv untersucht die Spur, aber der Polizist erkundet das ganze Viertel.

erkunden vs kennenlernen

Both involve getting to know something.

Kennenlernen is social or general; erkunden is spatial and investigative.

Ich will neue Leute kennenlernen, während ich die Stadt erkunde.

erkunden vs aufklären

Both mean to scout.

Aufklären is specifically military or used for solving a mystery/misunderstanding.

Die Armee klärt die feindlichen Linien auf.

文型パターン

Ich erkunde [Akkusativ Objekt].

Ich erkunde den Park.

Wir haben [Akkusativ Objekt] erkundet.

Wir haben die Stadt erkundet.

Es ist [Adjektiv], [Akkusativ Objekt] zu erkunden.

Es ist toll, neue Länder zu erkunden.

[Subjekt] möchte [Akkusativ Objekt] erkunden.

Er möchte den Wald erkunden.

Bevor wir [Aktion], sollten wir [Akkusativ Objekt] erkunden.

Bevor wir wandern, sollten wir das Gelände erkunden.

In [Kontext] erkundet [Subjekt] [Abstraktes Objekt].

In seinem Buch erkundet der Autor die menschliche Natur.

[Subjekt] wird dazu ausgesandt, [Akkusativ Objekt] zu erkunden.

Die Drohne wird ausgesandt, um das Gebiet zu erkunden.

Es gilt, [Akkusativ Objekt] eingehend zu erkunden.

Es gilt, die Ursachen der Krise eingehend zu erkunden.

語族

名詞

die Erkundung (exploration/reconnaissance)

der Erkunder (explorer/scout)

die Erkundungsfahrt (exploratory trip)

der Erkundungsflug (reconnaissance flight)

動詞

sich erkundigen (to inquire - reflexive)

auskundschaften (to scout/spy out)

bekunden (to manifest/express)

形容詞

erkundbar (explorable)

erkundend (exploring - participle)

unerkundet (unexplored)

使い方

frequency

Common in travel, nature, and science contexts. Less common in daily chores.

よくある間違い

Ich habe die Stadt geerkundet. → Ich habe die Stadt erkundet.
Verbs with inseparable prefixes like 'er-' do not take 'ge-' in the past participle.
Ich erkunde mich nach dem Weg. → Ich erkundige mich nach dem Weg.
'Erkunden' is for places; 'sich erkundigen' is for asking questions.
Wir erkunden in dem Wald. → Wir erkunden den Wald.
'Erkunden' is transitive and takes a direct accusative object without a preposition.
Ich kunde die neue App er. → Ich erkunde die neue App.
'Er-' is an inseparable prefix, so it cannot move to the end of the sentence.
Kolumbus hat Amerika erkundet. → Kolumbus hat Amerika entdeckt.
While he did explore, 'entdeckt' (discovered) is the more common verb for the first find in history.

ヒント

No 'ge-' in Perfekt

Remember that verbs starting with 'er-' never take 'ge-' in the past participle. It's 'erkundet', not 'geerkundet'.

Travel Context

Use 'erkunden' in your speaking exams to describe your holidays. It shows a higher level of vocabulary than 'besuchen'.

Erkunden vs. Sich Erkundigen

This is a classic exam trap. 'Erkunden' = Explore a place. 'Sich erkundigen' = Ask for info. Don't mix them up!

Abstract Usage

Don't just use it for places. You can also 'erkunden' possibilities (Möglichkeiten) or markets (Märkte).

Adverb Pairing

Pair 'erkunden' with 'auf eigene Faust' (on one's own) to sound very natural and idiomatic.

Accusative Always

Always check your articles after 'erkunden'. It must be 'den Wald' or 'die Stadt'.

Stress the Root

The stress is on the 'KUN'. Practice saying 'er-KUN-den' to avoid sounding like a beginner.

Documentary Clue

When you hear 'erkunden' in a video, look for a map or a scene of someone walking into a new area.

Vary Your Verbs

Instead of saying 'Ich war im Park', say 'Ich habe den Park erkundet'. It makes your writing more dynamic.

Prefix Power

The 'er-' prefix often means 'reaching a goal'. 'Erkunden' is the effort to reach the goal of knowing a place.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'er-' as 'effort' and 'kunden' as 'knowing'. You put in the ER-ffort to KUNDEN (know) a new place. Effort to Know = Erkunden.

視覚的連想

Imagine a scout with a telescope standing on a hill. He is looking at a new valley. He is 'erkunden'-ing the area to find a safe path for his team.

Word Web

Abenteuer Landkarte Entdeckung Reise Unbekannt Wanderung Wissenschaft Neugier

チャレンジ

Try to describe your favorite park in German and use the word 'erkunden' to explain what you do there when you visit for the first time.

語源

The word 'erkunden' is derived from the Old High German 'urchundan' and Middle High German 'erkunden'. It is composed of the prefix 'er-' and the verb 'kunden', which is related to 'kund' (known) and 'kennen' (to know).

元の意味： The original meaning was 'to make known' or 'to certify'. Over time, the focus shifted from making something known to others to making something known to oneself through investigation.

Germanic, related to the English word 'ken' (knowledge/sight) and 'cunning'.

文化的な背景

No specific sensitivities; it is a neutral, positive word for learning and discovery.

In English, we often use 'explore' for everything. In German, 'erkunden' is more specific to physical scouting or preliminary looks, while 'erforschen' is for deep study.

Alexander von Humboldt (Famous German explorer/naturalist) Mars-Erkundung (Mars exploration programs) Hänsel und Gretel (Exploring the forest in fairy tales)

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Traveling to a new city

die Altstadt erkunden
zu Fuß erkunden
Geheimtipps erkunden
die Nachbarschaft erkunden

Hiking and Outdoor

den Wald erkunden
das Gelände erkunden
neue Wanderwege erkunden
die Umgebung erkunden

Science and Research

den Weltraum erkunden
die Tiefsee erkunden
neue Planeten erkunden
die Flora und Fauna erkunden

Business and Strategy

den Markt erkunden
Möglichkeiten erkunden
die Konkurrenz erkunden
Risiken erkunden

Childhood and Learning

die Welt erkunden
spielerisch erkunden
den Garten erkunden
mit allen Sinnen erkunden

会話のきっかけ

"Hast du schon die Gegend hier erkundet?"

"Welche Stadt würdest du gerne mal zu Fuß erkunden?"

"Magst du es, im Urlaub alles auf eigene Faust zu erkunden?"

"Was war der interessanteste Ort, den du je erkundet hast?"

"Sollten wir am Wochenende zusammen den neuen Park erkunden?"

日記のテーマ

Beschreibe einen Tag, an dem du eine neue Stadt erkundet hast. Was hast du gesehen?

Warum ist es wichtig für Kinder, ihre Umwelt frei zu erkunden?

Wenn du einen fremden Planeten erkunden könntest, was würdest du dort suchen?

Was ist der Unterschied für dich zwischen 'besichtigen' und 'erkunden'?

Schreibe über eine Situation, in der du erst die Lage erkunden musstest, bevor du eine Entscheidung getroffen hast.

よくある質問

10 問

Nein, 'erkunden' ist nicht trennbar. Das Präfix 'er-' bleibt immer fest am Verb, auch im Satzbau. Beispiel: 'Ich erkunde die Gegend' (nicht: 'Ich kunde die Gegend er').

Das Perfekt wird mit dem Hilfsverb 'haben' und dem Partizip II 'erkundet' gebildet. Man fügt kein 'ge-' hinzu. Beispiel: 'Ich habe die Stadt erkundet.'

'Erkunden' ist eher oberflächlich oder räumlich (wie ein Tourist oder Späher), während 'erforschen' tiefgründig und wissenschaftlich ist (wie ein Professor).

Nein, das ist unüblich. Für Personen benutzt man 'kennenlernen'. 'Erkunden' bezieht sich fast immer auf Orte, Räume oder abstrakte Möglichkeiten.

Ja, es wird meistens auf dem B1-Niveau eingeführt, da es über die Grundverben wie 'sehen' oder 'gehen' hinausgeht und spezifischere Beschreibungen ermöglicht.

'Erkunden' braucht immer den Akkusativ. Man erkundet *wen oder was*. Beispiel: 'Wir erkunden den (maskulin Akkusativ) Wald.'

Nein, 'erkunden' ist nicht reflexiv. Verwechseln Sie es nicht mit 'sich erkundigen', was 'nachfragen' bedeutet.

Ja, das Substantiv ist 'die Erkundung'. Es wird oft in Zusammensetzungen wie 'Erkundungstour' verwendet.

Ja, besonders wenn man über Urlaub, Ausflüge oder neue Entdeckungen spricht. Es klingt aktiver und interessanter als 'besuchen'.

Ja, man kann eine Webseite oder die Möglichkeiten einer neuen App 'erkunden'.

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