A0 · ゼロポイント チャプター 1

First Steps & Greetings

6 トータルルール
68 例文
6 分
このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Unlock your English potential by mastering the building blocks of conversation and self-introduction.

  • Master the English alphabet sounds.
  • Exchange standard polite greetings.
  • Introduce yourself with confidence.
Speak your first words with confidence today!

学べること

Get ready to begin your exciting English journey! This chapter gently guides you through the alphabet and helps you master essential greetings like 'hello' and 'goodbye'. Soon, you'll confidently introduce yourself and start simple conversations, opening doors to a new world!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: spell your name and greet someone new.

チャプターガイド

Overview

Welcome to the very beginning of your amazing journey into English! This chapter is your foundational stepping stone, designed to make your English first steps & greetings for beginners smooth and exciting. Think of these lessons as the essential building blocks you’ll use every single day.
We’ll start with something very familiar yet crucial: the English Alphabet & Basic Sounds. Mastering these 26 letters is like learning the code to unlock all future reading and writing.
From there, we jump straight into making connections! You’ll learn how to say Hello & Goodbye, mastering essential greetings that open doors to conversations. Knowing when to use formal Hello versus casual Hi or Hey is a key social skill.
Then, we move to introducing yourself with I am + Name, a simple phrase that lets others know who you are. These early interactions are vital as you learn English A0 grammar, giving you the confidence to speak up.
You'll also get acquainted with your very first pronouns: I, You, It. These small but mighty words are shortcuts that help you talk about people and things without repeating their names. And because communication is a two-way street, we’ll cover Yes & No — Simple Answers, showing you how to respond clearly and correctly.
Finally, we'll count our way to success with Numbers 0-10: The Basics of Counting, giving you the tools to talk about quantities. Each step here is designed to empower you for your next English adventure!

How This Grammar Works

Learning English starts with understanding its most basic components. Our journey begins with the English Alphabet & Basic Sounds. Each letter has a unique shape and a common sound, like the letter A often sounds like the a in apple, or B sounds like the b in ball. Getting comfortable with these sounds is crucial for both understanding spoken English and starting to read.
They are the foundation for recognizing words and eventually speaking them.
Once you have a grasp of the alphabet, you can begin to form and recognize simple words. This leads us directly to Hello & Goodbye — Essential Greetings. These are your first tools for interaction.
When you meet someone new, you can say
Hello
(more formal, good for any situation) or
Hi
(more casual, good for friends). To introduce yourself, you use a simple but powerful phrase:
I am + Name
. For example,
I am Sarah
or "I'm David. The I'm
is a common, shorter way to say
I am," and native speakers use it all the time.
Next, you'll encounter your first pronouns: I, You, It. These words act as substitutes. I refers to yourself, you refers to the person you are talking to, and it refers to a thing or an animal.
For example, instead of saying
Is the apple red?
, you can say
Is it red?
These pronouns make your sentences shorter and more natural. Finally, for basic communication, Yes & No — Simple Answers are indispensable. If someone asks, Are you Maria?, you can answer,
Yes, I am
or
No, I am not.
Notice how you use the am from the question in your answer.
And to tie it all together, Numbers 0-10 give you the power to count objects, express age (later!), or simply tell the time.
One, two, three
are your first steps in quantifying the world around you. All these pieces work together to build your very first English conversations!

Common Mistakes

  1. 1Mixing up formal and informal greetings
✗ You meet a new business client and say: "Hey! What's up?"
✓ You meet a new business client and say:
Hello! How are you?
*Explanation*: While Hey is common, Hello is safer and more appropriate for initial, more formal introductions.
  1. 1Forgetting am when introducing yourself
✗ When asked Who are you?, you reply: I John.
✓ When asked Who are you?, you reply: I am John. or "I'm John."
*Explanation*: In English, the verb to be (am/is/are) is almost always needed. I am is the full form, "I'm" is the contraction and very common.
  1. 1Short answers without the auxiliary verb
✗ Someone asks Are you happy? and you say: Yes, I.
✓ Someone asks Are you happy? and you say: Yes, I am.
*Explanation*: When answering with Yes or No, it's polite and grammatically correct to include the auxiliary verb used in the question (in this case, am).

Real Conversations

A

A

Hello!
B

B

Hi! I am Anna.
A

A

Nice to meet you, Anna. I'm Ben.
A

A

Excuse me, is it a book?
B

B

Yes, it is.
A

A

Thank you!
A

A

Hey! I'm Leo.
B

B

Hi Leo! I am Mia.
A

A

How are you?
B

B

I am fine, thank you!

Quick FAQ

Q

How do I use I am in English to introduce myself?

You use I am followed directly by your name. For example,

I am Maria
or "I'm Tom." It's the standard way to state your identity.

Q

What is the difference between Hello and Hi or Hey?

Hello
is generally more formal and can be used in any situation.
Hi
is casual and very common among friends or people you know.
Hey
is even more informal, often used with close friends or to get someone's attention.

Q

When should I use the pronoun it?

You use

it
to refer to a single thing, an animal, or an idea, especially when you don't know its gender or don't need to specify. For example,
Is it a dog?
or
The car is red. It is fast.

Q

What's the best way to say yes or no in a simple answer?

The most common and polite way is to use Yes or No followed by the pronoun and the auxiliary verb from the question. For example, if the question is Are you ready?, you say

Yes, I am
or
No, I am not.

Cultural Context

In English-speaking countries, Hi and Hey are very common and often used even when meeting someone for the first time in informal settings, like at a casual gathering. Hello is always safe and appropriate. When introducing yourself with I am [Name], a friendly smile and eye contact go a long way.
Short answers like Yes, I am or
No, I am not
are considered polite and complete, more so than just Yes or No by themselves.

重要な例文 (4)

1

Hello, how are you today?

こんにちは、今日は元気ですか？

ハロー＆グッドバイ — 必須の挨拶
2

Hi, nice to meet you!

やあ、はじめまして！

ハロー＆グッドバイ — 必須の挨拶
3

Are you happy?

幸せですか？

はい と いいえ — 簡単な答え方
4

Yes, I am.

はい、幸せです。

はい と いいえ — 簡単な答え方

ヒントとコツ (4)

💡

積極的に聴いてみよう

ネイティブがどう発音しているか、よく耳を澄ませてみて。映画を英語字幕で見るのも、音と文字を繋げる良い練習になります。
Watch movies with English subtitles.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 英語のアルファベットと基本の音
💡

雰囲気に合わせよう

相手との関係性や、その場の空気に合わせて言葉を選んでみてください。迷ったときは Hello と Goodbye が一番確実で丁寧ですよ。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ハロー＆グッドバイ — 必須の挨拶
💡

短縮形を使ってみよう

日常会話やチャットでは I am を短くした I'm がよく使われます。より自然でリラックスした印象になりますよ: "I'm Sarah."
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 自己紹介: 私は + 名前です
💡

I はいつでも王様！

文の最初でも途中でも、代名詞の I は必ず大文字で書きます。自分を大切にするイメージで覚えましょう！
I think I am happy.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: I（私）、You（あなた）、It（それ）— 初めての代名詞

重要な語彙 (6)

Hello Greeting to start a conversation Goodbye Farewell when leaving Name What you are called Yes Positive answer No Negative answer Zero The number 0

Real-World Preview

coffee

Meeting a New Colleague

Review Summary

  • A, B, C...
  • Hello / Goodbye
  • I am [Name]
  • I / You / It
  • Yes / No
  • 0-10

よくある間違い

Learners often mix up possessive adjectives with the verb 'to be'. Use 'I am' for identity.

Wrong: I name is Alex.
正解: I am Alex.

You must include the verb 'am' to connect the subject to the name.

Wrong: Hello, I Alex.
正解: Hello, I am Alex.

The pronoun 'I' always pairs with the verb form 'am'.

Wrong: Yes, I is.
正解: Yes, I am.

Next Steps

You've finished your first chapter! Take a moment to celebrate—you've taken the hardest step. See you in the next chapter!

Listen to a basic English greeting song

Continue to: Describing People & Things

クイック練習 (10)

正しい形を選んでください

___ am a new student.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I
自分のことを話す時は I を使い、am と組み合わせます。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: I（私）、You（あなた）、It（それ）— 初めての代名詞

文の中の間違いを見つけて直してください。

Find and fix the mistake:

I is David.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I am David.
'I' とセットになる正しい形は 'am' です。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 自己紹介: 私は + 名前です

正しい数字の単語を選んでみましょう。

I have ___ cat.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: one
'cat' は単数形なので、1つを意味する 'one' を使います。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 数字 0-10: 数えることの基本

正しい文章はどれでしょうか？

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: She has five dogs.
2以上の数字の後には、名詞を複数形（dogs）にするのがルールです。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 数字 0-10: 数えることの基本

間違いを見つけて直してください

Find and fix the mistake:

i like this song.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I like this song.
英語の I は、文のどこでも必ず大文字にします。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: I（私）、You（あなた）、It（それ）— 初めての代名詞

正しい文章はどっち？

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Is she happy?
「She」の状態を聞く時は、いつも「Is」を使います。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: はい と いいえ — 簡単な答え方

正しい形を選んでね

Are you tired? Yes, I ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: am
「I」にはいつも「am」がセット。質問が「Are you」なので、答えは「Yes, I am」になります。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: はい と いいえ — 簡単な答え方

正しい be動詞の形を選んでください。

Hello, I ___ Alex.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: am
主語が 'I' のとき、be動詞は必ず 'am' を使います。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 自己紹介: 私は + 名前です

間違いを見つけて直そう

Find and fix the mistake:

Is he here? No, he not is.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: No, he isn't.
「is not」の正しい短縮形は「isn't」で、代名詞の後に来ます。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: はい と いいえ — 簡単な答え方

正しい文章はどれですか？

正しい文を選んでください：

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: You are happy.
You に続く be動詞は常に are です。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: I（私）、You（あなた）、It（それ）— 初めての代名詞

Score: /10

よくある質問 (6)

全部で26文字ありますよ。大文字と小文字の両方の形を覚えましょう。
The alphabet has 26 letters.
母音（A, E, I, O, U）は喉を塞がずに出す音です。子音は口や舌で息を遮って作る音ですよ。
Vowels are the core sounds.
Hello は丁寧で、どんな場所でも使えます。 Hi はもっとカジュアルで、友達や親しい人に使うのが一般的ですよ。 Hi!
Hey はすごくカジュアルな表現です。仲の良い友達や家族、同世代の人に使いましょう。仕事のメールなどでは避けてくださいね。 Hey, man!
I am は「私は〜です」という意味で、自分の正体や名前を伝えるときに使います。I am Maria. と言えば、自分の名前がマリアであることを示せます。
それは英語のルールで、主語が I（私）の時だけ、be動詞は am という特別な形になると決まっているからです。I am happy. のように感情を言う時も同じですよ。
次のチャプター
Describing People & Things
ロードマップに戻る