Everybody-do vs. Does: 違いは何ですか?
singular verb を使うのが鉄則です。
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Words like 'everybody' feel plural but are grammatically singular, so they always take 'does' or 'verb+s'.
- Treat 'everybody' as a single group: use 'does', not 'do'. Example: 'Everybody does their best.'
- In questions, start with 'Does'. Example: 'Does everybody have a seat?'
- In negatives, use 'doesn't'. Example: 'Everybody doesn't need to come.'
Overview
everybody や someone といった「不定代名詞(Indefinite Pronouns)」が主語に来る場合、多くの日本人が everybody do のように複数形の動詞を使ってしまう傾向があります。everybody は「一人ひとりを一つのグループとしてまとめた単数形」として扱われます。つまり、文法的には he や she と全く同じ扱いをしなければなりません。everybody does が正解なのか、その背後にある論理的な考え方を解き明かし、日本人が陥りやすい落とし穴を徹底的に解説します。このルールをマスターすることで、あなたの英語はより正確で、洗練されたものへと進化するはずです。それでは、詳しく見ていきましょう。- 「田中さんが来る。」
- 「みんなが来る。」
-s や -es をつけるという厳格なルール(三単現のs)があります。Tanaka comes.Everybody comes.
everybody(全員)が単数扱いなのでしょうか? それは、この単語の成り立ちを考えると分かりやすくなります。everybody は every + body で構成されています。every は「どの〜も(一つひとつを指す)」という意味を持ち、個々の要素を一つずつピックアップして「その場にいる全員」を指し示します。イメージとしては、バラバラの個々人を一つの大きな「箱(単数)」にパッキングした状態です。everyone(every + one)も同様です。一つひとつの個体(one)に焦点を当てているため、文法上は単数としてカウントされるのです。このルールは、以下の不定代名詞すべてに適用されます。- -body系:
everybody,somebody,anybody,nobody - -one系:
everyone,someone,anyone,no one - -thing系:
everything,something,anything,nothing - その他:
each,either,neither
it や he/she と同じグループだ」と唱えるようにしてください。- 一般動詞: 語尾に
-sまたは-esをつける Everybody wants...(wantではない)Someone knows...(knowではない)- be動詞:
isまたはwasを使う Everything is...(areではない)Nobody was...(wereではない)- have動詞:
hasを使う Everyone has...(haveではない)- 助動詞の否定:
does not (doesn't)を使う Anybody doesn't...という形よりはNobody does...が好まれますが、疑問文ではDoes anyone...?となります。
Everybody | is | was | likes | has |Someone | is | was | likes | has |Everything | is | was | likes | has |Each | is | was | likes | has |Nobody | is | was | likes | has |Everybody has a role to play in this project.(このプロジェクトでは、全員に果たすべき役割があります。)Is anyone available for a quick meeting?(どなたか短い打ち合わせのお時間はありますか?)Nothing is impossible if you try hard.(一生懸命努力すれば、不可能なことは何もありません。)
Everybody loves a good story.(誰もが良い物語を好むものです。)Everything happens for a reason.(すべての出来事には意味がある。)
Everyone needs to submit their report by Friday.(全員、金曜日までにレポートを提出する必要があります。)Has somebody seen the key to the conference room?(誰か会議室の鍵を見ませんでしたか?)
Does anybody want another cup of tea?(どなたかお茶をもう一杯いかがですか?)If someone is interested, please let me know.(もし誰か興味がある人がいたら、教えてください。)
nobody や nothing を主語にします。これらは単数扱いなので、動詞の形に注意が必要です。Nobody knows the answer to that question.(その質問の答えは誰も知りません。)Nothing seems to be working today.(今日は何もかもうまくいっていないようです。)
- ❌ Incorrect:
Everybody are happy. - ✅ Correct:
Everybody is happy. - 解説: 日本語で「みんな」と考えると、頭の中に複数の人が浮かびます。そのため、複数形に対応する
areを選んでしまいがちです。しかし、英語ではeverybodyという「単語の形」が単数であることを優先してください。
Do を使ってしまう- ❌ Incorrect:
Do everyone understand? - ✅ Correct:
Does everyone understand? - 解説: 主語が
everyoneの場合、三単現の疑問文を作る助動詞はDoesです。会議や授業の終わりに「皆さん理解できましたか?」と聞く際、ついDoと言ってしまいがちですが、ここはDoesが正解です。これは就職活動(就活)の面接や英語でのプレゼンテーションでも非常に目立つミスなので注意しましょう。
Everyone の後の代名詞に混乱する- ❌ Incorrect:
Everyone has his or her own opinion.(文法的には正しいが、現代では少し不自然) - ✅ Natural:
Everyone has their own opinion. - 解説: ここが少しトリッキーな点です。主語としての
everyoneは「単数扱い」なので動詞はhasです。しかし、その後の代名詞で受けるとき、現代英語では性別を限定しないために複数形のtheirを使うのが一般的です。「動詞は単数、代名詞は複数」というこのねじれ現象が、多くの学習者を混乱させます。まずは動詞を単数にすることに集中しましょう。
everybody と混同しやすいのが all です。意味は似ていますが、文法的な振る舞いが全く異なります。以下の表で比較してみましょう。Everybody / Everyone | All (people) |is / has / does / -s | are / have / do / 原形 |Everybody is ready. | All of the students are ready. |Everyは常に単数の名詞とセットになり、単数として扱われます。 (Every student is...)Allは複数を表す言葉(people, studentsなど)とセットになり、複数として扱われます。 (All students are...)
Each も重要です。Each は Everybody よりもさらに「一人ひとり」を強調しますが、やはり単数扱いです。Each of the members has a unique skill.(メンバーのそれぞれが、独自のスキルを持っています。)
Each of the members のように後ろに複数の名詞が来ても、主語の核心は Each なので動詞は has になります。ここも日本人が間違えやすいポイントです。Everybody と Everyone に違いはありますか?everyone の方がわずかにフォーマルで、書き言葉(ビジネスメールなど)で好まれる傾向がありますが、日常会話ではどちらを使っても自然です。went, worked など)は主語が単数でも複数でも形は変わりません。ただし、be動詞だけは注意が必要です。Everybody was となり、were は使いません。Everybody don't という表現を歌の歌詞などで聞いたことがありますが、あれは正しいですか?Everybody don't と言うことがありますが、標準的な英語やビジネス、試験(英検やTOEIC)では明確な「間違い」と見なされます。B1レベルの皆さんは、常に Everybody doesn't または Nobody does を使うようにしましょう。None は単数ですか、複数ですか?None は no one の短縮形から来ているため、伝統的な文法では単数扱い(None is...)とされてきました。しかし、現代の日常会話では複数扱い(None are...)をすることも非常に多いです。迷ったら、より明確な No one is... を使うのが安全です。Conjugating 'Do' with Different Subjects
| Subject Type | Subject Example | Affirmative | Negative | Question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1st Person
|
I / We
|
do
|
don't
|
Do I/we...?
|
|
2nd Person
|
You
|
do
|
don't
|
Do you...?
|
|
3rd Person Singular
|
He / She / It
|
does
|
doesn't
|
Does he/she...?
|
|
Indefinite Pronoun
|
Everybody / Everyone
|
does
|
doesn't
|
Does everybody...?
|
|
3rd Person Plural
|
They / All people
|
do
|
don't
|
Do they...?
|
Contractions with Everybody
| Full Form | Contraction | Usage Note |
|---|---|---|
|
Everybody does
|
Everybody's
|
Only used when 'does' is an auxiliary for a continuous verb (rare) or meaning 'is'. Usually not contracted for main verb 'does'.
|
|
Everybody does not
|
Everybody doesn't
|
Very common in speech and writing.
|
Meanings
The rule governing how the verb 'do' (and other verbs) must agree with indefinite pronouns like 'everybody' and 'everyone'.
Main Verb Usage
Using 'does' as the primary action verb meaning to perform or execute.
“Everybody does their chores on Saturday.”
“Does everybody do the same work?”
Auxiliary Verb (Questions)
Using 'does' to form a question about a group.
“Does everybody know the answer?”
“Does everybody want to go to the park?”
Auxiliary Verb (Negatives)
Using 'doesn't' to negate an action for a group.
“Everybody doesn't like spicy food.”
“It seems everybody doesn't do what they are told.”
Reference Table
| 代名詞 | 正しい動詞の形 (単数) | 例文 | 間違いやすい形 (複数) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Everybody
|
is / has / wants
|
Everybody wants to go.
|
are / have / want
|
|
Everyone
|
is / has / goes
|
Everyone is excited.
|
are / have / go
|
|
Somebody
|
needs / does
|
Somebody needs to help.
|
need / do
|
|
Someone
|
has / is
|
Someone has my keys.
|
have / are
|
|
Anybody
|
knows / wants
|
Does anybody know the time?
|
know / want
|
|
Anyone
|
is / can
|
Anyone can learn this.
|
are / can
|
|
Nobody
|
likes / is
|
Nobody is at home.
|
like / are
|
|
No one
|
sees / has
|
No one has the answer.
|
see / have
|
フォーマル度スペクトル
Does everyone present possess the readiness to proceed? (Starting a meeting or trip)
Does everybody have everything they need? (Starting a meeting or trip)
Everybody ready? (Starting a meeting or trip)
Everybody good? (Starting a meeting or trip)
「いつも単数」の代名詞たち
常に単数扱い
- Everybody Everybody is
- Somebody Somebody has
- Anybody Anybody does
- Nobody Nobody wants
単数主語 vs 複数主語
動詞チェック:Do か Does か?
主語が everybody, someone, nobody などですか?
代名詞のグループ分け
いつも単数
- • Everybody
- • Someone
- • Anything
- • Nobody
いつも複数
- • They
- • We
- • Both
- • Few
レベル別の例文
Everybody does the work.
Todo el mundo hace el trabajo.
Does everybody like pizza?
¿A todos les gusta la pizza?
Everybody doesn't go.
No todos van.
Everybody does their best.
Todos hacen lo mejor que pueden.
Does everybody have a pen?
¿Todos tienen un bolígrafo?
Everybody doesn't want to play.
No todos quieren jugar.
Why does everybody do that?
¿Por qué todos hacen eso?
Everybody does the same thing.
Todos hacen lo mismo.
Does everybody do their own laundry here?
¿Todos lavan su propia ropa aquí?
Everybody doesn't necessarily agree with you.
No todos están necesariamente de acuerdo contigo.
If everybody does their part, we will finish early.
Si todos hacen su parte, terminaremos temprano.
Does everybody understand the instructions?
¿Todos entienden las instrucciones?
Hardly everybody does what is expected of them.
Casi nadie hace lo que se espera de ellos.
Does everybody really think this is a good idea?
¿Realmente todos piensan que esta es una buena idea?
Everybody doesn't have the same opportunities.
No todos tienen las mismas oportunidades.
Everybody does, in fact, need to sign the form.
Todos, de hecho, necesitan firmar el formulario.
Seldom does everybody agree on such complex matters.
Rara vez todos están de acuerdo en asuntos tan complejos.
Does everybody not realize the gravity of the situation?
¿Acaso no todos se dan cuenta de la gravedad de la situación?
Everybody does their utmost to succeed, yet many fail.
Todos hacen lo máximo para tener éxito, pero muchos fracasan.
Not everybody does as they are told in this rebellious town.
No todos hacen lo que se les dice en este pueblo rebelde.
Should everybody do as the law prescribes, order is maintained.
Si todos hicieran lo que prescribe la ley, se mantendría el orden.
Does everybody, regardless of status, not deserve respect?
¿No merece respeto todo el mundo, independientemente de su estatus?
Everybody does their part, don't they?
Todos hacen su parte, ¿verdad?
It is required that everybody do their duty.
Se requiere que todos cumplan con su deber.
間違えやすい
Learners think they are interchangeable in grammar because they are interchangeable in meaning.
Both are singular, but 'each' focuses on individuals more than 'everybody'.
Using 'their' with 'everybody' makes learners think the verb should also be plural.
よくある間違い
Everybody do homework.
Everybody does homework.
Do everybody like it?
Does everybody like it?
Everybody don't know.
Everybody doesn't know.
Everybody are happy.
Everybody is happy.
Does everybody does it?
Does everybody do it?
Everybody do not have time.
Everybody doesn't have time.
Why do everybody cry?
Why does everybody cry?
Everybody do their best, don't he?
Everybody does their best, don't they?
If everybody do it, it's okay.
If everybody does it, it's okay.
Everybody in the office do it.
Everybody in the office does it.
Seldom everybody do that.
Seldom does everybody do that.
It is vital that everybody does it.
It is vital that everybody do it.
Everybody do as they please.
Everybody does as they please.
文型パターン
Does everybody ___?
Everybody does ___ in my family.
Why does everybody ___ these days?
Everybody doesn't have to ___ if they don't want to.
Real World Usage
Does everybody want to grab pizza tonight?
Everybody does their best to meet the deadlines here.
Does everybody want fries with their order?
Everybody does this trend differently!
Does everybody have their boarding pass ready?
Everybody does the exercise on page 10.
語尾の -one と -body に注目!
everyone や everybody の中には one(1つ)や body(体)という単数名詞が隠れています。これを見つけたら「あ、単数だ!」と思い出してくださいね。 Everyone is invited to the party.
All に騙されないで!
all は複数扱い(All of the students are...)ですが、everybody は単数です。意味は似ていても、動詞の形が違うので注意しましょう。 All the people are happy, and everybody is smiling.
続きの代名詞には They を使おう
everybody を受けた後に「彼ら」と言いたい時は they や their を使うのが現代の自然なスタイルです。性別を問わず使えるので便利ですよ。 "If someone calls, tell them I'll be back soon."世界共通のルール
Everybody loves a good story.
Smart Tips
Pause and think of the word 'BODY'. You only have one body. One body = Singular = Does.
Always start with 'Does'. Never start with 'Do' if the next word is 'everybody'.
Don't change the verb! Keep the verb singular even if the pronoun is plural.
Use 'everyone' instead of 'everybody' for a more professional tone, but keep the 'does'.
発音
The 's' in Does
The 's' in 'does' is pronounced like a /z/ sound, not an /s/.
Linking Everybody and Does
In fast speech, the 'y' in 'everybody' and the 'd' in 'does' link smoothly.
Question Intonation
Does everybody KNOW? ↗
Rising intonation at the end of the question.
暗記しよう
記憶術
EveryBODY is ONE body. Since a body is singular, the verb must be singular (does).
視覚的連想
Imagine a large group of people all standing inside one giant hula-hoop. They are many people, but they are inside ONE circle. One circle = Singular verb.
Rhyme
When 'everybody' is the one you see, add an 'S' to the verb, naturally!
Story
Once there was a king who addressed his entire kingdom as 'Everybody'. He treated the whole crowd as if they were just one giant person named 'Everybody'. When 'Everybody' did something, the king said, 'Everybody DOES it!'
Word Web
チャレンジ
Look around the room or think of your office. Write 5 questions starting with 'Does everybody...' about the people there.
文化メモ
Using 'everybody does' is a sign of basic education and literacy. Native speakers rarely miss this in formal settings.
In some Southern dialects, you might hear 'Everybody do' or 'All y'all do', but this is highly regional.
In meetings, 'Does everybody...' is the standard way to check for consensus without being too aggressive.
From Old English 'ælc' (each) + 'bodig' (body).
会話のきっかけ
Does everybody in your family do the same job?
Why does everybody do so much shopping on Black Friday?
Does everybody in your country do military service?
Does everybody have the right to free healthcare?
日記のテーマ
よくある間違い
Test Yourself
Score: /3
練習問題
8 exercisesEverybody ___ a great job yesterday.
Does everybody ___ their own cooking?
Find and fix the mistake:
Everybody do not like the new teacher.
Everybody does their homework.
Which one is correct?
1. Everybody, 2. All people, 3. He
Why ___ everybody do that?
A: Does everybody have a seat? B: No, everybody ___.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
13 exercisesI'm pretty sure nobody ___ what's going on.
If anyone ___, tell them to wait for me in the lobby.
正しい文章を選んでください:
No one want to be the first person to leave.
Why do everybody look so serious?
英語に訳してみましょう:'全員パスポートを持ってますか?'
単語を並べ替えて文章を作ってください:
主語と正しい動詞の形を組み合わせてください:
Each of the players ___ a specific role.
正しい文章はどれですか?
I think someone are knocking on the door.
単語を並べ替えて疑問文を作ってください:
英語に訳してみましょう:'誰も家に帰りたくない。'
Score: /13
よくある質問 (8)
English grammar treats it as a single collective unit or 'every single person' individually. It's just a rule of the language, similar to how 'the team' is often singular.
Only in the imperative (giving a command) or the subjunctive. For example: 'Everybody do your best!' (Command). In normal statements, it's always 'does'.
No, they are identical in grammar. 'Everyone' is just slightly more common in formal writing.
This is incorrect in standard English. You should always use `everybody doesn't`.
Yes! 'Nobody', 'somebody', and 'anybody' all follow the same singular rule: `Nobody does`, `Somebody does`.
Song lyrics often use informal dialects or 'poetic license' where grammar rules are ignored for rhythm or style.
This is tricky! We say: `Everybody does their best, don't they?` We use a singular verb but a plural tag.
It is `Does everybody have`. After 'does', the main verb always stays in the base form.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Todo el mundo / Todos
Spanish has two ways to say it; English only has the singular 'everybody'.
Tout le monde
Agreement is very similar in both languages.
Alle / Jeder
German 'Alle' (plural) is the most common translation, leading to 'Everybody do' errors.
みんな (Minna)
Japanese has no subject-verb agreement at all.
الجميع (Al-jami')
Arabic agreement is more flexible than the strict English singular rule.
所有人 (Suǒyǒu rén)
No morphological markers for agreement in Chinese.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
関連動画
Paul McCartney Sings The Beatles' Harmony, Talks John Lennon & Obama Performance | Fallon Flashback
Beauty and The Beast - Dancing Scene [HD]
BEAUTY HACKS TO MAKE YOU A STAR! || Funny Life Hacks For Girls by 123 Go! Gold
Everybodyは単数?複数?【意外と知らない英文法】
AK-English
「Everyone / Everybody」は単数か複数か?
Hapa 英会話
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